中考英语重难点语法知识专项之定语从句深度解读课件

定语从句什么是定语从句？✔定语：修饰名词/代词，位置紧贴名词，可前可后。（翻译为“……的”）✔定语从句:从句作定语,修饰名词/代词，定语从句是置于某一名词/代词后面并对其起修饰作用的完整句子。首先，我们先要弄清楚什么是定语，什么可以充当定语？充当定语的成分充当定语的成分形容词Sheisawarm-heartedteacher.她是个热心的老师。代词Sheismyteacher.她是我的老师。前置定语Itisanappletree.名词充当定语的成分Sheistheteacherwithbeautifulbigeyes.她是一位有着又大又美丽眼睛的老师。介词短语不定式Sheisthe

teachertogetonwith.她是个好相处的老师。从句Sheistheteacherwhosingsbeautifully.后置定语她是个唱歌很好听的老师。Ihaveaclassteacher,Sophia.Look!TheteacherwearingareddressisSophia.Sheisafriendlyteacher.Sheistheonewithbeautifullongcurlyblackhair.Afterschool,sheisthelastonetoleaveheroffice.Thisistheteacherwhowelove.充当定语的成分欣赏含有定语从句的名言：Laughteristhesunthatdriveswinterfromthehumanface.笑是太阳，它从人们的脸上赶走冬天。Don’ttrustthefirstsignthatyousee.不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。Allisnotgoldthatglitters.发光的未必都是金子。Nothingisimpossibletothemanwhohaswill.世上无难事，只怕有心人。Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助。先行词+关系词+句子定语从句的结构先行词关系词句子需要被修的名词或代词。引导定语从句的词。陈述句(主语在前,动词在后)。Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.先行词关系词定语从句请指出下面句子中的先行词以及定语从句1.Heisa2.Thisisa3.Iknowthe4.Xi'anisagood5.Canyoutellmethe6.Iremembertheseboyreasondogplacedaysboywholikesbeautifulgirls.wholikesbeautifulgirls.dogwhichlikeseatingmeat.whichlikeseatingmeat.boywhomteachersalllike.boywhomteachersalllike.wheretherearemanydeliciousfoods.wheretherearemanydeliciousfoods.whyhequiteschool.whyhequiteschool.reasonwhenwewerefriends.dayswhenwewerefriends.place定语从句的关系词关系词关系代词关系副词人物谁的时间地点who/whomwhichwhosewhenwherethat由先行词决定原因Why(forthereason)介+which关系词的作用关系词引导定语从句替代先行词在从句中充当成分Heisaboywhombeautifulgirlslike.Heisaboy/beautifulgirlslikeaboy先行词为“人”1.that:Heisastudentthatlikesreadingbooks.Heisastudentthatothershate.2.who:Ilikethegirlwhohaslonghair.3.whom:IknowtheboywhomMr.Wangistalkingwithnow.4.whose:Heisasoldierwhoseeyesareblue.总结：that在从句中做主语和宾语，who在从句中做主语，whom做宾语，whose后面加名词关系词及其用法先行词为物1.that:Thedogthatalwaysbarkstomeisveryugly.Thedogthatthesechildrenisbeatingismine.2.which:Thefishwhichisswimminginthepoolwillbeourdinner.Thecatwhichsheisplayingwithismine.3.whose:Thebookwhosecoverisredisyours.总结：that用在从句中做主语和宾语，which用在从句中做主语和宾语，whose常常后面加名词关系代词用法总结关系代词先行词成分that物、人主语，宾语who人主语whom人宾语whose人、物定语（谁的，什么的）which物主语、宾语一定要记得哦1.Idon'tliketheboynameisTom.2.Thegirlisreadingabookismysister.3.Theoldmantheyaretalkingaboutisateacher.4.ThecatthedogishuntingforisTom's.5.Ilikeplayingwiththeboyeyesarebrown.6.ThefishbodyisredisfromAfrica.whosewhothatwhichwhosewhose写出所缺的关系词只用that的情况1.说法绝对：先行词出现绝对性的描述，如唯一的（theonly）,每个人（everyone）,每件事（everything）,所有的（all）,没有一个（none）,任何事（anything）,任何人（anyone）2.数字常考：当先行词前有序数词时，如thefirst,thesecond,其中thelast,也属于这种情况。3.最高级：先行词前形容词最高级修饰时，也只能用that.此外：当先行词是人和物一起的时候，关系代词也要用that.九字真言：多少不一恰人物最序多少：从少到多

no/none/neither/little/few/alittle/afew/much/many/all/each/both不：不定代词eg-everyone/someone/anyone/none一：唯一

theone/theonly恰：恰好

thevery/theright让我康康谁还没记笔记九字真言：多少不一恰人物最序人&物：

人+物

先行词既有人又有物最：

最高级

形容词最高级+先行词序：

序数词

序数词+先行词

让我康康谁还没记笔记1.ThisistheonlybookIcanfind.2.ThisisthebestbookIhaveeverread.3.Isthereanythingyoudon'tunderstand?4.Theboyandhisdogarewalkingalongthestreethavelosttheirway.thatthatthatthat写出所缺的关系词1.where：Iremembertheschoolwherewehadspent3years.2.when:Doyoustillrememberthesedayswhenwewerestudents.3.why:Canyoutellmethereasonwhyheleaveme.关系副词在从句中做状语关系副词及其用法关系代词和关系副词的选择1.Iknowthereasonwhyhelefthome.Iforgetthereasonthathehadtoldme.2.Istillrememberthesedayswhenwewerebestfriends.Istillrememberthesedaysthathehadforgottenalready.3.Thisistheschoolwherewehadleftagoodmemory.Thisistheschoolthatwasdestroyedin2006.判断定语从句中到底是选择关系代词还是关系副词，关键在于：去掉填的关系词后，如果从句依然完整，则用关系副词，如果缺少主语或宾语而使句子不完整，则使用关系代词Heisagoodstudentwholikesreadingbooks.Iknowthereasonwhyhecametomyhome.Hestillremembersthecliffwherehejumped.来来来！不用松懈，趁热再来几道题1.Thereasonhecamehereisnotclear.2.Thesedayswelivedtogetherisunforgettable.3.Ilikegototheparkmanyoldmenplaysbasketballeveryday.4.Thisisthestationhehadtalkedabout.5.Idon'tunderstandthereasonhehadexplainedtome.whywhenwherewherewhy试一试将下列各句折成两个简单句。Ilikemusicthatisn’ttooloud.2.Iprefermusicthathasgreatlyrics.3.IlovemusicthatIcansingalongwith.4.IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.Ilikemusic.IlovemusicIlikemusic.Iprefermusic.Themusicisn’ttooloud.Themusichasgreatlyrics.Icansingalongwiththemusic.Icandancetothemusic.在定从句中that（关系代词）作主语时，绝不允许被省略。that（关系代词）作宾语时，可以被省略。That再试一试将下列各句拆成两个简单句。Tomlikesmusicianswhoplaydifferentkindsofmusic.2.Iwillinvitesomeonewholikesseriousmovies.3.Iadmiresuperherowhoalwayssavestheworldintime.4.ThemanwhovisitedourschoolisfromCanada.Tomlikesmusicians.Themusiciansplaydifferentkindsofmusic.Iwillinvitesomeone.Someonelikesseriousmovies.Iadmiresuperhero.Thesuperheroalwayssavestheworldintime.ThemanisfromCanada.Themanvisitedourschool.反过来再试一试将下列各句改成定语从句。Carmenlikeselectronicmusic.Themusicisloud.2.IwilllistentothisnewCD.IboughttheCDyesterday.3.Ilikesmoothmusic.Themusichelpsmerelax.4.Iprefermovies.Themoviescancheermeup.Carmenlikeselectronicmusicwhichisloud.Carmenlikeselectronicmusicthatisloud.IwilllistentothisnewCDwhichIboughtyesterday.IwilllistentothisnewCDthatIboughtyesterday.Ilikesmoothmusicwhichhelpsmerelax.Ilikesmoothmusicthathelpsmerelax.Iprefermovieswhich/thatcancheermeup.边看，边做(一)whose将下列句子译成英语。1.这位白头发的老人是他的爷爷。过程：译句：2.我刚才看见一辆轮胎(wheels)被偷了的小车。过程：译句：Theoldmanishisgrandpa.Theoldman’shairiswhite.Theoldmanwhosehairiswhiteishisgrandpa.Justnow,Isawacar.Thecar’swheelswasstolen.Justnow,Isawacarwhosewheelswasstolen.whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。

边看，边做(二)when将下列句子译成英语。1.他已经忘记了他是哪一天到重庆的了。过程：译句：2.她将永远不会忘记她结婚的那一天。过程：译句：Hehasforgottentheday.HearrivedinChongqingonthatday.HehasforgottenthedaywhenhearrivedinCQ.Shewillneverforgettheday.Shewasmarriedonthatday.Shewillneverforgetthedaywhenshewasmarried.when作时间状语:When=介词+which。

Hehasforgottenthedayon

whichhearrivedinCQ.Shewillneverforgetthedayon

whichshewasmarried.边看，边做(三)where将下列句子译成英语。1.这就是昨天发生交通事故的地方。过程：译句：2.这就是我父母以前工作过的工厂。过程：译句：Thisis

the

factory.Myparentsusedtoworkinthefactory.Thisisthefactorywheremyparentsusedtowork.Thisistheplace.Acaraccidenthappenedatthisplace./hereThisistheplacewhereacaraccidenthappened.where作地点状语:Where=介词+which。

Thisistheplaceatwhichacaraccidenthappened.Thisisthefactoryinwhichmyparentsusedtowork.边看，边做(四)why将下列句子译成英语。1.我知道他说起那件事的原因。过程：译句：2.这就是我迟到的原因。过程：译句：Thisis

the

reason.Iwaslateforthereason.ThisisthereasonwhyIwaslate.Iknowthereason.Hesaiditforthereason.why作原因状语,其先行词常常是thereason,why=forwhich

Iknowthereasonforwhichhesaidit.ThisisthereasonforwhichIwaslate.Iknowthereasonwhyhesaidit.✔定语从句:从句作定语,修饰名词/代词A.什么是定语从句？？？B.如何通过先行词判断定从？？？step1：确定定语从句step2：先行词是人/物step3：引导从句缺主/宾/定本课总结出门小测出门小测()1.—Didyounotice______inheroffice?—Yes.Shewasgoingoverourwriting.A．whatwasMissLindoingB．whatMissLinwasdoingC．whatdoesMissLindoD．whatMissLindoes()2.—Couldyoutellme______forthefruit?—BypayingovertheInternet.A．howmuchwillIpayB．howmuchIwillpayC．howwillIpayD．howIwillpay()3.—Dearfriends，doyoustillremember______threeyearsago?—Torealizeourdreams!A．whyyoucamehereB．whydidyoucomehereC．howyoucamehereD．howdidyoucomehere()4.Roseiswondering______．A．whatisMattdoingB．wherehasJasongoneC．whenwillAaronleaveD．whodidthewashing()5.ZhongWeitoldhisfriends______tobebacktohishometown.A．howhappyheisB．howhappyhewasC．heishowhappyD．hewashowhappy()6.Excuseme，couldyoutellme______？A．whenhewasbornB．howfarisitfromhereC．whatdoeshelooklikeD．whereheleavesforyesterday7.WangYangmingisagreateducationalist_____

developedmost

ofhisthoughtsinXiuwen.A.whichB.whatC.whoD.when8.Mr.Brownisateacher_____isstrictwithallhisstudents.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.when9.Thebook_____Ireadlastnightwasfantastic.A.that

B.what

C.whose

D.who10.Chinaisgettingbetteratmakinghi-techproducts_____can

beboughtinallpartsoftheworld.A.who

B.which

C.whatD.wherePractisema