新高一英语S万人模拟开学考摸底测试（2023年7月）附有答案

新高一英语S万人模拟开学考摸底测试（2023年7月）[复制]新高一英语S万人模拟开学考摸底测试（2023年7月）一、单项选择（共15题，每题2分）1．Oneinelevenchildren______notstudying.Youshouldbegratefulifyouareoneoftheluckyonesatseniorhighschool.[单选题]*A．areB．wasC．is(正确答案)D．were答案解析：【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：11个孩子中就有一个不学习。如果你是高中的幸运儿，你应该心存感激。分析句子可知空处为句子的谓语，由句意描述客观事实可知，时态应使用一般现在时；主语“11个孩子之一”为单数，根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词用三单形式，故选C项。2．Beforeclimbingthetalltree,hegavemea______look.[单选题]*A．determineB．determiningC．determinationD．determined(正确答案)答案解析：【详解】考查形容词。句意：在爬这株大树前，他给了我一个坚定的眼神。该空修饰名词look，用形容词，A.determine决心，动词；B.determining决心，现在分词；C.determination决心，名词；D.determined坚定的，形容词。只有D选项是形容词，故选D。3．Doyoustillrememberthedifficultyyou______thepostoffice?[单选题]*A．havefoundB．hadfinding(正确答案)C．havetofindD．willchange答案解析：【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：你还记得找邮局时遇到的困难吗？分析句子可知，“you______thepostoffice”是省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词difficulty，先行词在定语从句中作宾语，构成固定短语havedifficultydoing，意为“做……有困难”；结合句意，“找(find)邮局时遇到的困难”是过去的事情，应用一般过去时态“haddifficultyfindingthepostoffice”，又因指代先行词difficulty的关系代词省略，所以保留hadfinding。故选B项。4．Assoonastheinventionwasfinished,SissaBengaveittotheking,whowasgladandaskedhim________hewouldliketohaveinreturn.[单选题]*A．thatB．what(正确答案)C．whetherD．how答案解析：【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：发明一完成，西萨·本就把它给了国王，国王很高兴，并问他想要什么作为回报。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物，应用what。故选B。5．Withouta________job,Williamwasconcernedabouthisfamily’sfutureverymuch.[单选题]*A．permanent(正确答案)B．temporaryC．distinctiveD．standard答案解析：【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有一份固定的工作，威廉非常担心他家人的未来。A.permanentadj.固定的；B.temporaryadj.短暂的；C.distinctiveadj.独特的，特别的，有特色的；D.standardadj.标准的。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词做定语，修饰后面的名词“job”。根据句意威廉非常担心他家人的未来，所以原因应该是他没有一份固定的工作。故选A。6．Solongasyoudowhatyoucan,noonewillblameyou____________youmightfailinthefuture.[单选题]*A．asthoughB．incaseC．nowthatD．evenif(正确答案)答案解析：【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：只要你尽力而为，即使将来可能失败也不会有人指责你。A.asthough仿佛；B.incase万一；C.nowthat既然；D.evenif即使。前后是让步关系，此处应用evenif引导让步状语从句。7．Shesuddenlysawhimstandinginthecrowded,hiseyes______herliketheyhadinschool.[单选题]*A．staredatB．staringat(正确答案)C．beingstaredatD．tostareat答案解析：【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：她突然看见他站在人群中，眼睛像在学校一样盯着她。本题两部分之间缺少连词，说明后半部分不是句子，hiseyes与stareat之间构成主动关系，故使用现在分词的形式。本题后面部分使用了独立主格结构，独立主格结构不是句子，是一个短语，但是它的作用就相当于句子。故选B。8．Wordcame______ourdutieswouldbechanged.[单选题]*A．that(正确答案)B．whichC．whetherD．when答案解析：【详解】试题分析：句意：我们的关税将被改变的消息传来。这里是that引导的同位语从句，that在从句中不做成分，没有词意，只起连接的作用，不能省略。故选A。

考点：考查同位语从句的用法。

点评：本题难度适中。这里考查的同位语从句，that在同位语从句中不做成分，它在同位语从句与定语从句的区别是常考的内容，that在定语从句中作成分。

即学即练：Pleaseadviseme______itemIshouldbuy.

A.that

B.which

C.whether

D.when

解析：B。句意：请问我该先买哪个品种。9．－I’vereadanotherbookthisweek.

－Well,maybe_____isnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.[单选题]*A．thisB．thatC．thereD．it(正确答案)答案解析：【详解】考查代词、强调句。句意：—这一周我又读了一本书。—也许重要的不是你读了多少，而是你读了什么。此处考查强调句型“Itis/was+被强调部分+that+其它部分”。设空处应用代词it。故选D项。10．—ItissaidthatFrankisveryrichandisalwayschanginghisprivatecars.Whatishe?

—________ofamanager,Iamnotsure.[单选题]*A．SomebodyB．AnyoneC．Something(正确答案)D．Anything答案解析：【详解】考查不定代词辨析。句意：——据说弗兰克很有钱，经常换他的私家车。他是干什么的?——可能是经理人，我不确定。A.Somebody某个人；B.Anyone任何人；C.Something（表示不确切的描述或数量）大致，左右；D.Anything（用于否定句、疑问句）任何东西；任何事物。根据句意可知，答语表示不确定的事，所以选项C符合题意，故选C。11．Remembertosendmeaphotoofusnexttimeyou______tome.[单选题]*A．arewritingB．willwriteC．haswrittenD．write(正确答案)答案解析：【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：下次写信给我时，记得给我邮一张我们的照片。nexttime引导时间状语从句，而且其谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来，故选D。12．Wewentthroughaperiod________communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.[单选题]*A．whoseB．whereC．when(正确答案)D．which答案解析：【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们经历了一段农村通讯非常困难的时期。定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，先行词为period，所以应用关系副词when引导。故选C13．Iaskedhimwhere________?[单选题]*A．workedB．heworked(正确答案)C．didheworkD．doeshework答案解析：【详解】考查宾语从句的语序。句意：我问他在哪里工作？该句含有一个where引导的宾语从句，宾语从句使用陈述语序，故选B。14．Thetruthisthatthepassers-by,ratherthanthedriver,fortheterribleaccident.[单选题]*A．istoblameB．istobeblamedC．aretoblame(正确答案)D．aretobeblamed答案解析：【详解】C。解析：句意：事实真相是过路人而不是司机对事故负责。题干中的主语是passers-by过路人，为复数形式。尽管后面加了ratherthan短语，句子谓语的数应与最前面的主语一致。Betoblame是个习惯用法，主动形式表示被动含义。故选C。15．Thefloods,whichhappenedlastmonth,sweptthewholevillage,__________countlesspeoplehomeless.[单选题]*A．tomakeB．making(正确答案)C．madeD．havemade答案解析：【详解】考查现在分词。句意：上个月发生的洪水席卷了整个村庄，使无数人无家可归。whichhappenedlastmonth是非限制性定语从句，主句谓语动词是swept且无连词，此空用非谓语形式，主语Thefloods和动词make是逻辑上得主动关系，应用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语。故选B项。二、完形填空（共15题，每题2分）

Sportsareimportantinourfamily.Bothofoursonswerehigh-school__16__.SoIshouldn’thavebeen__17__whenLaurenannouncedshewasgoingoutforthegirls’basketballteam.ButIwasbecauseshehasDownsyndrome(唐氏综合征).

MywifeandInevertoldLaurenthatshewas__18__.Wetreatedherlikeourotherchildren.Wedidn’twanthertofeeldisabled.

IdiscussedLauren’s__19__withmywifethatevening.ShethoughtLaurenwouldmaketheteamandshewasright.Laurendidmakeit__20__notallthegirlswantedtoplay.

Theseason’sfirstbasketballgame__21__.Itgotofftoagoodstart,butsoonVerden,Lauren’steam,wasbehind.Lauren__22__followedthemovementonthecourtandreactedtoevery__23__.EventhoughLaurenwasn’tplaying,shelookedasifshewerehavingthetimeofherlife.Ifelt__24__formydaughter.

Justlessthantwominuteswereleft,andVerdenwasdownbyseventeenpointswhenLaurenwascalledinforthegame.Lauren__25__theothersfairlywell.ThentheypassedLaurentheball.She__26__it.Sheshot.Shescored!Afewminuteslater,Lauren__27__

usinthestands.“Didyousee?Iscored!Imadea__28__!”

Forsixteenyears,I’dtriedhardto__29__Laurenfromfeelinglikeshewasdifferent.ButwatchingLaureninthegame,Isawthatshereallywasdifferent—notphysicallyoremotionally,but__30__.16．A．studentsB．teachersC．athletesD．clerks[单选题]ABC(正确答案)D答案解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的两个儿子都是高中运动员。A.students学生；B.teachers老师；C.athletes运动员；D.clerks办事员，职员。根据上文“Sportsareimportantinourfamily”可知，作者的两个儿子都是高中运动员。故选C。17．A．disappointedB．surprisedC．depressedD．embarrassed[单选题]*AB(正确答案)CD答案解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以当劳伦宣布她要参加女子篮球队时，我不应该感到惊讶。A.disappointed失望的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.depressed沮丧的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文“Sportsareimportantinourfamily.Bothofoursonswerehigh-school___1__”可知，作者家里有运动这种家庭氛围，所以当劳伦宣布她要参加女子篮球队时，作者觉得不应该感到惊讶。故选B。18．A．normalB．ordinaryC．differentD．typical[单选题]*ABC(正确答案)D答案解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和妻子从来没有告诉劳伦她与别人不同。A.normal正常的；B.ordinary普通的；C.different不同的；D.typical典型的。根据上文“shehasDownsyndrome”可知，她是和别人不同的。故选C。19．A．announcementB．preferenceC．arrangementD．proposal[单选题]*A(正确答案)BCD答案解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我和妻子讨论了劳伦的声明。A.announcement声明；B.preference偏爱；C.arrangement安排；D.proposal提议。根据上文“Laurenannouncedshewasgoingoutforthegirls’basketballteam”可知，作者和妻子讨论了劳伦的声明。故选A20．A．ifB．thoughC．becauseD．so[单选题]*ABC(正确答案)D答案解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：劳伦成功了，因为不是所有的女孩都想打篮球。A.if如果；B.though虽然；C.because因为；D.so所以。根据下文“notallthegirlswantedtoplay”可知，劳伦成功了，因为不是所有的女孩都想打篮球。故选C。21．A．appearedB．remainedC．changedD．arrived[单选题]*ABCD(正确答案)答案解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：本赛季的第一场篮球赛到了。A.appeared出现；B.remained保持；C.changed改变；D.arrived到达。根据下文“Itgotofftoagoodstart,butsoonVerden,Lauren’steam,wasbehind”可知，本赛季的第一场篮球赛到了。故选D。22．A．attentivelyB．carelesslyC．frequentlyD．repeatedly[单选题]*A(正确答案)BCD答案解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：劳伦专注地跟踪球场上的运动，对每一个投篮都做出反应。A.attentively专注地；B.carelessly粗心地；C.frequently频繁地；D.repeatedly重复地。根据下文“followedthemovementonthecourt”可知，劳伦专注地跟踪球场上的运动。故选A。23．A．teamB．shotC．gameD．shout[单选题]*AB(正确答案)CD答案解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：劳伦专注地跟踪球场上的运动，对每一个投篮都做出反应。A.team队伍；B.shot投篮；C.game游戏；D.shout大喊。根据上文“followedthemovementonthecourtandreactedto”可知，劳伦专注地跟踪球场上的运动，对每一个投篮都做出反应。故选B。24．A．regretB．anxietyC．admirationD．sympathy[单选题]*ABC(正确答案)D答案解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很佩服我的女儿。A.regret后悔；B.anxiety焦虑；C.admiration钦佩；D.sympathy同情。根据上文“EventhoughLaurenwasn’tplaying,shelookedasifshewerehavingthetimeofherlife”可知，作者对女儿这样的表现表示钦佩。故选C。25．A．keptpacewithB．gavewaytoC．putupwithD．brokeawayfrom[单选题]*A(正确答案)BCD答案解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：劳伦与其他人的步伐保持得相当好。A.keptpacewith保持同步；B.gavewayto给……让路；C.putupwith忍受；D.brokeawayfrom脱离。根据下文“ThentheypassedLaurentheball”可知，劳伦与其他人的步伐保持得相当好。故选A。26．A．threwB．missedC．castD．caught[单选题]*ABCD(正确答案)答案解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她抓住了它。A.threw扔；B.missed错过；C.cast投掷；D.caught抓住。根据下文“Sheshot.Shescored”可知，她抓住了篮球。故选D。27．A．challengedB．joinedC．leftD．greeted[单选题]*AB(正确答案)CD答案解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，劳伦在看台上加入了我们。A.challenged挑战；B.joined加入；C.left离开；D.greeted问候。根据下文“inthestands”可知，劳伦在看台上加入了我们。故选B。28．A．mistakeB．recordC．messD．basket[单选题]*ABCD(正确答案)答案解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我进了一个球！A.mistake错误；B.record记录；C.mess混乱；D.basket投篮得分。根据上文“Iscored”可知，作者女儿说自己进了一个球，空格处是“投篮得分”。故选D。29．A．excuseB．prohibitC．discourageD．shelter[单选题]*ABCD(正确答案)答案解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：16年来，我一直努力不让劳伦觉得自己与他人不一样。A.excuse原谅；B.prohibit禁止；C.discourage使受挫；D.shelter提供庇护，提供保护。根据下文“Laurenfromfeelinglikeshewasdifferent”可知，作者一直努力不让劳伦觉得自己与他人不一样，空格处意为“提供庇护，提供保护”。故选D。30．A．spirituallyB．consciouslyC．literallyD．socially[单选题]*A(正确答案)BCD答案解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：但看着劳伦在比赛中的表现，我发现她真的与众不同——不是身体上或情感上的，而是精神上的。A.spiritually精神上的；B.consciously有意识地；C.literally逐字地；真正地；D.socially在社会上。根据上文“notphysicallyoremotionally”可知，作者发现女儿真的与众不同——不是身体上或情感上的，而是精神上的。故选A。三、阅读理解（共16题，每题2.5分）

Passage1:

Nanjingiswell-knownforitssleepytreelinedstreets,lakesideparksandlargeamountofgreenspacesonandaroundPurpleMountain.Butjusta45minutebusridesouthtothecountyofLishui,visitorswillbesurroundedbymountainsfulloftealeafplantsandstrawberryfields.ThestrawberryfieldsareconcentratedinavalleyamongLishui'smountainscalledtheFujiabianStrawberryFields.Theteaandstrawberrypickingareaisgreatforafunfamilydaytripwiththekids.

Afterover10yearsofJiangnanrain,sunandhumidity(湿度),thefieldsofgreenhouseshavefirmlytakenroot.LishuiholdsannualstrawberryfestivalstypicallyfromaroundmidFebruaryuntiltheendofApril,thoughtheweathercanbeabitcoldandthefruitisnotyetripearoundthistime.ThebesttimetogoislateAprilandearlyMay,whenthestrawberriesareripebutthetemperatureinsidethegreenhousesisnotyetsweltering.IfyougofromJunetoAugust,thetemperaturewillbearound35degreesCelsiusinsidethegreenhouse.

Allofthestrawberrygreenhousesarelocallyrunandopentothepublic.Ownersofmostgreenhouseswillgivestrawberrypickersamanageableboxwithhandlestofillwithstrawberries.Whenguestsarefinishedpickingberries,theboxisweighedandpaidforbyweight.Afullboxoffreshstrawberrieswillrunyouabout25－30RMB．

Localfarmershavesetupmanysmallhomecookingstylehallsandcafesbothonthemountainsideandamongthestrawberryfields.OneofthebestpartsofcountrysidetripsisalwaysthelocalfoodandthisareaofJiangsuisboundtoservelocalriverlongfish,thebaseofyoungbambooplants,localpig'slegandstrawberryjuice.Cafesonthemountainwillalsoservethelocallygrownandfreshpickedtea.

Add:FujiabianStrawberryFields,LishuiCounty,DajinshanScenicArea,Nanjing

Openingtimes:Daylighthours,midFebruarythroughOctober

Price:TicketstoFujiabianStrawberryGardencost22RMB．

Gettingthere:FromZhonghuamensubwaystation,takeabustoLishui.Thebusticketcosts14RMB．TherearemanydriverswhowilltakeyoutoFujiabianStrawberryGardenfor5RMB．31．WhichofthefollowingislesswellknowninNanjing?[单选题]*A．Parksonthelakeside.B．Streetswithsleepytreesonbothsides.C．Ruralfarmingareas.(正确答案)D．GreenspacesaroundPurpleMountain.答案解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Nanjingiswellknownforitssleepytreelinedstreets,lakesideparksandlargeamountofgreenspacesonandaroundPurpleMountain.(南京以其宁静的林荫街道、湖畔公园和紫金山及其周围的大量绿地而闻名)”可知，南京的著名景点中，未提及农村农业区，说明不是那么出名，故选C项。32．HowmuchshouldyouatleastpayfortwofullboxesoffreshstrawberriesifyoulivebesideZhonghuamensubwaystation?[单选题]*A．72RMB．B．88RMB．C．91RMB．D．110RMB．(正确答案)答案解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Afullboxoffreshstrawberrieswillrunyouabout25－30RMB.(一整盒新鲜草莓大约要花25-30元人民币)”、“Price”部分的“TicketstoFujiabianStrawberryGardencost22RMB(富士边草莓园门票22元)”以及“Gettingthere”部分的“FromZhonghuamensubwaystation,takeabustoLishui.Thebusticketcosts14RMB.TherearemanydriverswhowilltakeyoutoFujiabianStrawberryGardenfor5RMB.(从中华门地铁站乘公共汽车到丽水。这张公共汽车票要14元人民币。有很多司机会花5元人民币带你去藤家边草莓园)”可知，如果你住在中华门地铁站以外共花费：一盒子新鲜草莓至少25元，两盒至少50元；门票22元；从中华门地铁站到丽水车票单程14元，来回28元；下车后再乘车单程5元，来回10元，即：50+22+28+10=110元，故选D项。33．Visitorsaredefinitelyinterestedinthe________inthesmallhomecookingstyle.[单选题]*A．localfood(正确答案)B．thoughtfulservicesC．entertainmentfacilitiesD．advancedmanagement答案解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Localfarmershavesetupmanysmallhomecookingstylehallsandcafesbothonthemountainsideandamongthestrawberryfields.Oneofthebestpartsofcountrysidetripsisalwaysthelocalfood(当地农民在山边和草莓地里建立了许多小型家常菜风格的大厅和咖啡馆。乡村旅行最棒的部分之一总是当地的食物)”可知，游客一定喜欢的是家常菜风格的当地食品，故选A项。Passage2:IwasinastrangecityIdidn’tknowatall,andwhat’smore,Icouldnotspeakawordofthelanguage.OnmyseconddayIgotonthefirstbusthatpassed,rodeonitforseveralstops,thengotoffandwalkedon.Thefirsttwohourspassedpleasantlyenough,thenIdecidedtoturnbacktomyhotelforlunch.Afterwalkingaboutforsometime,IdecidedIhadbetterasktheway.ThetroublewasthattheonlywordIknewofthelanguagewasthenameofthestreetinwhichIlived,andeventhatIpronouncedbadly.Istoppedtoaskanewspaper-seller.Hehandedmeapaper.Ishookmyheadandrepeatedthenameofthestreetandheputthepaperintomyhands.Ihadtogivehimsomemoneyandwentonmyway.Thenextperson,Iaskedwasapoliceman.Helistenedtomecarefully,noddedandgentlytookmebythearm.Therewasastrangelookinhiseyesashepointedleftandrightandleftagain.Inoddedpolitelyandbeganwalkinginthedirectionhepointed.

AboutanhourpassedandInoticedthatthehousesweregettingfewerandfewerandgreenfieldswereappearingoneithersideofme.Ihadcomeallthewayintothecountryside.Theonlythingleftformetodowasfindthenearestrailwaystation.34．Thewriterpreferredtowalkbacktohishotelbecause________.[单选题]*A．hehadnomoneytobuyaticketB．hewantedtolosehimselfinthecityC．hetriedtoknowthecityinthisway(正确答案)D．itwaslateandtherewerenobusespassingby答案解析：C推理题。根据本段前3行IwasinastrangecityIdidn’tknowatall,andwhat’smore,Icouldnotspeakawordofthelanguage.OnmyseconddayIgotonthefirstbusthatpassed,rodeonitforseveralstops,thengotoffandwalkedon.Thefirsttwohourspassedpleasantlyenough,thenIdecidedtoturnbacktomyhotelforlunch.Afterwalkingaboutforsometime,可知作者在这个陌生的城市里，想多了解这个城市的有关信息，才这样做的。故C正确。35．Thenewspaper-seller______.[单选题]*A．didn’tknowwherethehotelwasB．didn’tunderstandwhatthewritersaid(正确答案)C．couldunderstandwhatthewritersaidD．didn’twanttotakethemoneyfromthewriter答案解析：B推理题：从第一段的句子：Istoppedtoaskanewspaper-seller.Hehandedmeapaper.Ishookmyheadandrepeatedthenameofthestreetandheputthepaperintomyhands.可知这个卖报纸的人，不懂作者的话，选B。36．Fromthestoryweknowthatthepoliceman______.[单选题]*A．waskindbutdidn’tunderstandthewriter(正确答案)B．toldthewriterwheretotakeatrainC．knewwhatthewriterreallymeantD．wascold-heartedanddidn’thelpthewriter答案解析：A推理题。根据Thenextperson.Iaskedwasapoliceman.Helistenedtomecarefully,noddedandgentlytookmebythearm.

boutanhourpassedandInoticedthatthehousesweregettingfewerandfewerandgreenfieldswereappearingoneithersideofme.Ihadcomeallthewayintothecountryside可知实际上这个警察并不能听懂作者的话，但是他很有礼貌。故A正确。37．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?[单选题]*A．Thewritergotclosetothehotelwherehestayed.B．Thewritergottothehotelwiththepoliceman’shelp.C．Thewriterfoundhewasmuchfartherawayfromthehotel.(正确答案)D．Thewriterfoundthehotelinthedirectionthepolicemanpointed.答案解析：C细节题。根据文章最后一段AboutanhourpassedandInoticedthatthehousesweregettingfewerandfewerandgreenfieldswereappearingoneithersideofme.Ihadcomeallthewayintothecountryside.Theonlythingleftformetodowasfindthenearestrailwaystation.作者已经走到了乡下去了，可知他离自己的宾馆肯定远了。故C正确。38．Inyouropinion,whatwasthewriter’srealtrouble?[单选题]*A．Hedidn’tknowthecityatall.B．Hecouldn’tspeakthelanguage.(正确答案)C．Hewenttoofarinthewrongbus.D．Hefollowedthepoliceman’sdirection.答案解析：B细节题。从作者开始问路开始，别人都不懂他所说的内容，可知他最大的麻烦是语言。故B正确。

考点：考查故事类短文阅读Passage3:CeciliaChiang,namedthe“motherofChinesefoodinAmerican”,afamedrestauranteurwhohelpedintroducerealChinesefoodtoAmericainthe1960s,diedonOctober28,2020attheageof100.Openedin1961,Cecilia’legendarySanFranciscorestaurant,theMandarin,wasarguablythebestChineserestaurantintheUSforover30years.ShechallengedtheAmericanideaofChinesefoodandtransformedtheirappreciationforauthenticChinesecuisine.

MsChiangwasborninWuxiin1920astheseventhdaughterinawealthyfamily.Afterherparentsdied,Ceciliamanagedthebusinesses’financeswhilestillinherteens.

MsChiangcametoSanFranciscoin1959.OnceinSanFrancisco,shemettwoacquaintanceswhowantedtoopenarestaurant.MsChiangagreedtoputupahugedeposit.Butwhenthetwowomenquit,MsChiangfoundtoherhorrorthatthedepositwasnotrefundable.Shedecidedtoopentherestaurantherself.“IbegantothinkthatifIcouldcreatearestaurantwithWestern-styleserviceandthedishesthatIwasmostfamiliarwith-thedeliciousfoodofnorthernChina—maybemylittlerestaurantwouldsucceed,”shewroteinherbook.

TheMandarin,whichwasopenedin1961asasmallrestaurant,introducedcustomerstomainlySichuan,ShanghaiandCantondishes.Theearlydayswereespeciallytough.Butlittlebylittle,Chinesediners,andafewAmericanscameregularly.Overnight,thetablesfilledandbecameahugesuccess.

MsChiangenjoyedmanyextraordinaryhonors.In2013,whenshewas93,shereceivedthelongoverdueLifetimeAchievementAwardfromtheJamesBeardAwards,knownasthe“CulinaryOscars”atNewYork’sLincolnCenter.CeciliaconsidereditherlegacytohaveredefinedwhatAmericansknowaboutChinesefoodandculture.Inheracceptancespeech,Ceciliasaid,“Thisisanincrediblehonor.JamesBeardwasoneofmyclosepersonalfriends,sothisawardholdsaspecialplaceinmyheart.”39．WhendidMsChiangstarttomanagethebusinesses’finances?[单选题]*A．Inthe1920s.B．Inthe1930s.(正确答案)C．Inthe1950s.D．Inthe1960s.答案解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“MsChiangwasborninWuxiin1920astheseventhdaughterinawealthyfamily.Afterherparentsdied,Ceciliamanagedthebusinesses’financeswhilestillinherteens.(蒋女士1920年出生于无锡一个富裕家庭，是家中的第七个女儿。父母去世后，Cecilia在十几岁的时候就开始管理公司的财务。)”可知，蒋女士出生于1920年，十几岁开始管理公司的财务，所以她是在二十世纪三十年代开始管理公司的财务。故选B。40．WhydidMsChiangopenarestaurantalone?[单选题]*A．Shewantedtoliveabetterlife.B．Sheneededtogetherdepositback.(正确答案)C．Shedecidedtohelpheracquaintances.D．ShewishedtospreadChinesefoodacrossAmerica.答案解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“MsChiangcametoSanFranciscoin1959.OnceinSanFrancisco,shemettwoacquaintanceswhowantedtoopenarestaurant.MsChiangagreedtoputupahugedeposit.Butwhenthetwowomenquit,MsChiangfoundtoherhorrorthatthedepositwasnotrefundable.Shedecidedtoopentherestaurantherself.(蒋女士1959年来到旧金山。有一次在旧金山，她遇到了两个想开餐馆的熟人。蒋女士同意支付一大笔定金。但当这两名女子放弃后，蒋女士惊恐地发现，押金是无法退还的。她决定自己开餐馆。)”可知，蒋孙芸为他人支付了定金，但是那两个人放弃后，她发现押金无法退还，所以，她决定自己开餐厅是因为想要拿回押金。故选B。41．WhatcanbeMsChiang’schiefachievement?[单选题]*A．ShechangedAmerican’seatinghabits.B．ShewonanOscarawardforherrestaurant.C．SheshowedAmericansthecharmofChinesefood.(正确答案)D．SherecordedmanyrecipesforChinesedishesinherbook.答案解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“ShechallengedtheAmericanideaofChinesefoodandtransformedtheirappreciationforauthenticChinesecuisine.(她挑战了美国人对中餐的看法，改变了他们对正宗中国菜的欣赏。)”以及最后一段“CeciliaconsidereditherlegacytohaveredefinedwhatAmericansknowaboutChinesefoodandculture.(Cecilia认为，她的遗产是重新定义了美国人对中国食物和文化的认识。)”可推断，她最大的贡献就是向美国人展示了中国食物的魅力。故选C。42．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMsChiang?[单选题]*A．Smartbutstubborn.B．Adventurousbutcareless.C．Devotedandbrave.D．Enthusiasticandambitious.(正确答案)答案解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段“MsChiangcametoSanFranciscoin1959.OnceinSanFrancisco,shemettwoacquaintanceswhowantedtoopenarestaurant.MsChiangagreedtoputupahugedeposit.Butwhenthetwowomenquit,MsChiangfoundtoherhorrorthatthedepositwasnotrefundable.Shedecidedtoopentherestaurantherself.“IbegantothinkthatifIcouldcreatearestaurantwithWestern-styleserviceandthedishesthatIwasmostfamiliarwith-thedeliciousfoodofnorthernChina—maybemylittlerestaurantwouldsucceed,”shewroteinherbook.(蒋女士1959年来到旧金山。有一次在旧金山，她遇到了两个想开餐馆的熟人。蒋女士同意支付一大笔定金。但当这两名女子放弃后，蒋女士惊恐地发现，押金是无法退还的。她决定自己开餐馆。“我开始想，如果我能开一家西式服务的餐厅，用我最熟悉的菜式——中国北方的美味——也许我的小餐馆会成功。”她在书中写道。)”可推断，蒋孙芸为人真诚热情，而且非常有志向。故选D。Passage4:Ashortwhileago,IlostaccesstomyWeChataccount.Iamnotsurewhyitwouldn’tletmelogin;perhapsitwasmyancient,out-of-datephone.ButIwasn’ttooupsetbecauseitofferedmeanopportunitytotakeabreakfromsocialmedia---somethingmoreandmorepeoplearedoing.

IntheUnitedStates,TwitterislosingmillionsofuserseachmonthandFacebookhasseena44percentdeclineamongitsyoungerusers.SomeoftheseusersmayhavedesertedTwitterandFacebookforothersocialmediaplatforms,whilemanyothershavequitbecausetheyfeltthatsocialmediawashavinganegativeeffectontheirhappinessandoverallqualityoflife.

StarssuchasTaylorSwiftandEdSheerenhavetakenabreakfromsocialmediabecausetheyweretiredofmanyInternettrolls(网络喷子)leavingnegativecomments.Ordinarypeople(likeme)areturningawayfromitbecauseofthefeelingthattheywerespendingmoretimeonlineandenjoyingitless.

Itisnotunusualforpeopletospendtwoorthreehoursadayposingorreadingposts,tothepointwhereitbecomesanaddiction.Anditisanaddiction.Thereisachemicalinyourbrainknownasdopamine(多巴胺)whichissometimescalledthe“rewardmolecule”anditsreleasegivesyouafeelingofpleasure.Forinstance,whenyoupostaphotoonWeChatandgetahundredlikes,youfeelhappy.That’sdopamineatwork.

Inmycase,beingoffWeChatleftmewithafeelingofanxietyforafewdays.NodoubtImissedmydopamine.AndIgote-mailsfromfriendswonderingifIwasfineorifIwasjustbeinganti-social.ButIsoonbegantofeelquitepeacefulandstartedtoworrylessaboutwhatotherpeopleweredoingandconcentratemoreonmypersonallife.AnditisanaddedbonusthatI’mgettingbettersleepatnight.

I’mnotadvocatingthatallofyouquitsocialmedia,butspendinglesstimeontheseplatformsdoesbringyouadvantages.Youcouldstartbyleavingyourphoneathomewhenyougotoschool(Forsome,that’salreadyaschoolrule).Anditisalsoagoodideatochargeyourphoneoutsideofyourbedroomatnight,asyouareunlikelytogetagoodnight’ssleepwhenthenotification(通知)bellkeepsringing.

SomedayImayreconnectwithmyWeChataccount,butI'mnotinahurry.Lifecanbemorerelaxingandjustasinterestingwithoutit.43．Theauthor’sdisconnectionwithWeChatismentionedatthebeginningto_________.[单选题]*A．introducethedisadvantagesofsocialmedia(正确答案)B．explainwhyhelostaccesstohisWeChataccountC．illustratethefunctionofdopamineD．provehowWeChatmakeslifeeasier答案解析：推理判断题。根据下文内容，尤其是第二段“SomeoftheseusersmayhavedesertedTwitterandFacebookforothersocialmediaplatforms,whilemanyothershavequitbecausetheyfeltthatsocialmediawashavinganegativeeffectontheirhappinessandoverallqualityoflife.”（其中一些用户可能已经放弃了Twitter和Facebook，转而使用其他社交媒体平台，而另一些人放弃社交媒体是因为他们觉得社交媒体对他们的幸福感和整体生活质量产生了负面影响）和第三段“StarssuchasTaylorSwiftandEdSheerenhavetakenabreakfromsocialmediabecausetheyweretiredofmanyInternettrolls(网络喷子)leavingnegativecomments.Ordinarypeople(likeme)areturningawayfromitbecauseofthefeelingthattheywerespendingmoretimeonlineandenjoyingitless.”（泰勒·斯威夫特和艾德·希林等明星已经有一段时间没有使用社交媒体了，因为他们已经受够了网络上的恶意评论。普通人（像我）正逐渐远离网络，因为他们觉得自己花在网上的时间更多了，而从中得到的乐趣却更少了）以及第四段“Itisnot