安徽省滁州市定远县2024-2025学年高二英语下学期开学考试试题含解析

Page23第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Classmates.C.Fatheranddaughter.2.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthenewrestaurant?A.Itisinthecampus.B.Itisn’texpensive.C.Itispopular.3.Whathappenedtothewoman’ssister?A.Shewasbadlyhurt.B.Shewashitbyacar.C.Shewenttoschoollate.4.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Sheishavingcoffee.B.Sheissittingonthesofa.C.Sheiswritingapaper.5.Whatdoesthemanagreetodolater?A.Talkabouthistroubles.B.Meetsomefriends.C.Takeabreak.​​​​​​​其次节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatwillthemandothisweekend?A.Recordaconcert.B.Gotoaconcert.C.Putonashowinastadium.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemanˈsbehaviour?A.Funny.B.Unbelievable.C.Meaningful.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatwillthewomandofortheman?A.Playmusicforhim.B.Gethimaticket.C.Lendhimsomemoney.9.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thewomandoesnˈtlikemusic.B.ThemaniscrazyaboutNightwish.C.Thereissomethingwrongwiththemanˈsheart.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthehospital.B.Onthestreet.C.Ontheplayground.11.WhenwillTomprobablygobacktoschool?A.Tomorrow.B.Nextweek.C.Thedayaftertomorrow.12.Whatˈsthemanˈsofficenumber?A.4260544.B.4260465.C.4260490.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatisRogerAdamsˈjob?A.Asingerinaband.B.Asoundengineer.C.Asoundmanager.14.HowlonghasRogerAdamsworked?A.Forthreeyears.B.Fortwoyears.C.Foroneyear.15.HowmanyhoursdoesTomworkeverySaturday?A.5hours.B.6hours.C.9hours.16.WhatdoesTomdointhestore?A.Offeradvicetocustomers.B.Buyproductsforcustomers.C.Takethemoneyfromcustomers.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatisthemostdifficultforTom?A.Toworklonghours.B.Totalkallthetime.C.Toknowaboutalltheproducts.18.WhatdoesTomlikeabouthisjob?A.Meetingdifferentpeople.B.Usingthelatestcomputers.C.Gettingclosetonewtechnology.19.Whomdidthemanwanttotelephone?A.George.B.Jenny.C.Samantha.20.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Tomˈshealth.B.Tomˈsstudy.C.Asportsmeeting.其次部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheworld’smostbreathtakingclifftophotelsAngamaMara,KenyaPerched1,000feetabovetheMaasaiMara,AngamaMaraisontheedgeoftheGreatRiftValley.Thesiteservedasalocationforthe1985film“OutofAfrica.“Guestscanexpecttop-qualitygameviewing,includingAfrica’sBigFive,everymonthoftheyear,bothongamedrivesandonwalkingsafaris.Amenitiesincludeaphotographystudio,fitnesscenter,anartgallery,a40-foot-longswimmingpoolandastudio.AngamaMara:SuswaMaraTriangle,Kenya;+254730630630MonasteroSantaRosaHotel&Spa,AmalfiCoast,ItalyFormerlyamonasterydatingbacktothe17thcentury,thefamily-runMonasteroSantaRosaclingstothesideofacliffoverlookingtheTyrrhenianSeaandGulfofSalerno.With20rooms,ithasaninfinitypool,fivetiersoflandscapedgardensandaMichelin-starredrestaurant.ThespaisthebestontheAmalfiCoastandfeaturestreatmentsusinglocalherbsandplants.MonasteroSantaRosaHote1&Spa:ViaRoma,2,84010ConcadeiMariniSA,Italy;+390898321199AnantaraAlJabalAlAkhdarResort,AIJabalAlAkhdar,Nizwa,OmanTowering6,000feetabovesealevelonthecurvingrimofacanyon,AnantaraAlJabalAlAkhdaroverlooksOman’smountainouslandscape.It’sanareathatPrinceCharlesandthelateDiana,PrincessofWales,visitedin1986.Theresorthas115rooms,acliff-edgeinfinitypool,sixrestaurantsandloungesandaspa.Guestscanhikethroughvalleys,mountainbikeorvisitancientmountainsidevillagesandnearbyhistoricsites.AnantaraAlJabalAlAkhdarResort:No110,AlJabalAlAkhdar,Nizwa621,Oman;+968252180001.Wherewillyougoifyouareinterestedinwalkingsafaris?A.SuswaMaraTriangle,Kenya.B.TyrrhenianSeaandGulfofSalerno.C.No110,AlJabalAlAkhdar,Nizwa621,Oman.D.ViaRoma2,84010ConcadeiMariniSA,Italy.2.Whatdothethreehotelshaveincommon?A.Eachofthethreehotelshasalargepool.B.Eachofthethreehotelshasanartgallery.C.AllofthethreehotelsarevisitedbyPrinceandPrincess.D.Allofthethreehotelsarefamousforthespausingherbs.3.Wheredoesthepassagemostlikelycomefrom?A.Afiction.B.Atextbook.C.Ahistorybook.D.Atouristguidebook.【答案】1.A2.A3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三家世界上最令人惊羡的悬崖酒店。【1题详解】微小环节理解题。依据AngamaMara,Kenya中的“Guestscanexpecttop-qualitygameviewing,includingAfrica’sBigFive,everymonthoftheyear,bothongamedrivesandonwalkingsafaris.”（客人们可以期盼在一年中每个月都能看到高质量的竞赛，包括非洲五大竞赛，无论是在竞赛途中还是在徒步旅行中。）可知，假如你对徒步旅行感爱好，你会去肯尼亚的苏斯瓦马拉三角。故选A项。【2题详解】微小环节理解题。依据AngamaMara,Kenya中的“a40-foot-longswimmingpool”,MonasteroSantaRosaHotel＆Spa,AmalfiCoast,Italy中的“ithasaninfinitypool”和AnantaraAlJabalAlAkhdarResort,AlJabalAlAkhdar,Nizwa,Oman中的“acliff-edgeinfinitypool”可知，这三家酒店都有一个大游泳池。故选A项。【3题详解】推理推断题。依据全文结构和内容可知，文章主要介绍了三家世界上最令人惊羡的悬崖酒店，所以文章最有可能出自旅游指南。故选D项。BItwasacoldSaturdaynightinFebruary.Some200NewYorkerscarefullymadetheirwaytothereservoir(水库)inthehopesofcatchingaglimpseofthemagicalsnowyowl,whohadtoucheddownintheparktheweekbeforeinwhatwasreportedasthefirstvisittherebythespeciesinmorethan130years.Exceptforafewexcitedscreamsfromchildren,peoplewerequiet—patientlyawaitingtheowl’sarrivalatthereservoir’snorthgatehouse.Thesnowyowldidnotdisappoint.Sheflewdownfromthedarknessandsurveyedthewaterandthepeopleholdingphonesandcamerasbeforetakingoffintothenighttotheapplauseofhermanyfans.Theysimplywantedtoseethislovelycreaturewhoseimprobableappearanceseemedtosignifyhopeafterthelockdown.NewYorkerswhohadlongtakenCentralParkforgrantedfeltarenewedloveforthisrectangleofgreenintheheartofthebigcityandofcourse,itsamazingwildlife.Thattheparkisabeautifulandessentialrefugeissomethingthathumanshaveonlycometofullyappreciateduringtheserecenttimesofuncertainty.CentralParkwasoriginallyplannedandconstructedduringanotherdifficulttimeinthenation’shistory—intheyearsbeforeandduringtheAmericanCivilWar.UnlikemanyEuropeanparksthathadoriginallybeenbuiltforthearistocracy(贵族),CentralParkwasdesignedasapublicspace.InitschiefarchitectFrederickLawOlmsted’swords,thepoorandrichalikecould“easilygothereaftertheirday’sworkisdone”and“strollforanhour,seeing,hearing,andfeelingnothingofthenoiseofthestreets.”Asspringturnsintosummer,weseepeoplesittingonthegrassorbenches—catchingsomesun,havingfamilypicnics,ortappingawayontheirlaptopsandiPads.JustbeinginproximitytootherpeopleinCentralParkgaveusasenseofcommunity—thesensethatwewouldsomehowpersevere.4.WhatdidpeopledoinCentralParkonthatSaturdaynight?A.Theycheeredforeachother. B.Theypaidtheirfirstvisit.C.Theycameforararesight. D.Theyappreciatedawaterevent.5.WhatdoestheauthormainlyintendtodoinParagraph4?A.Givesomeexamples. B.Makeacomparison.C.Introduceanewopinion. D.Addbackgroundinformation.6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“inproximityto”inParagraph5mean?A.closeto B.freefromC.atadistancefrom D.incomparisonwith7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FindRefugeinCentralParkB.TakeYourBreathbySnowOwlC.TraceCentralParktodifficulttimesD.Meetanimprobable“visitor”inperson【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.A【解析】【导语】文章是记叙文。开篇以200名纽约人在水库欣赏奇异雪鸮为开头，引出文章的主题中心公园。揭示了长期以来，纽约人始终把中心公园视为城市的中心，更是奇异野生动物的家园。同时交代了中心公园建设的历史背景，不论是斗争年头，还是和平年头，中心公园已然成为了纽约人的归属感的代表和象征。【4题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第一段中“Some200NewYorkerscarefullymadetheirwaytothereservoir(水库)inthehopesofcatchingaglimpseofthemagicalsnowyowl.”(200名纽约人当心翼翼地来到水库，希望能一睹这只奇异的雪鸮的模样。)以及“asthefirstvisittherebythespeciesinmorethan130years.”(该物种130多年来首次来到这里。)可知，人们在周六的晚上来到中心公园主要了是观看一只130多年来首次来到这里的雪鸮。故选C。【5题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段中的“CentralParkwasoriginallyplannedandconstructedduringanotherdifficulttimeinthenation’shistory—intheyearsbeforeandduringtheAmericanCivilWar.”(中心公园最初是在美国历史上的另一个艰难时期——美国内战前和内战期间——规划和建立的。)可知，第四段交代了中心公园建设的特别历史时期，为文章讲解并描述中心公园交代了历史背景。故选D。【6题详解】词句揣测题。依据第五段中“gaveusasenseofcommunity—thesensethatwewouldsomehowpersevere.”(给了我们一种归属的感觉——一种我们会以某种方式坚持下去的感觉。)可知，句中的community意为“归属感”，只有人们之间近距离接触的时候才会有归属感，A选项意为“接近”，符合题意。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。依据全文可知，揭示了长期以来，纽约人始终把中心公园视为城市的中心，更是奇异野生动物的家园。同时交代了中心公园建设的历史背景，不论是斗争年头，还是和平年头，中心公园已然成为了纽约人的归属感的代表和象征。以及依据最终一段中“JustbeinginproximitytootherpeopleinCentralParkgaveusasenseofcommunity—thesensethatwewouldsomehowpersevere.”(在中心公园和其他人近距离接触给了我们一种归属的感觉——一种我们会以某种方式坚持下去的感觉。)可知，人们在中心公园中能够找到人们坚持下去的归属感。表明中心公园为纽约人供应了精神劝慰。与A选项“在中心公园找寻劝慰”符合题意。故选A。CAnewstudycombininglinguistic,geneticandarchaeologicalevidencehastracedtheoriginsofthefamilyoflanguagesincludingmodernJapanese,Korean,TurkishandMongolianandthepeoplewhospeakthemtomillet(粟)farmerswhoinhabitedaregioninnortheasternChinaabout9,000yearsago．ThefindingsdetailedonWednesdaydocumentasharedgeneticancestryforthehundredsofmillionsofpeoplewhospeakwhattheresearcherscallTranseurasianlanguagesacrossanareastretchingmorethan8,000kilometers.Thefindingsillustratehowhumankind’sembraceofagriculturefollowingtheIceAgepoweredthemovementsofsomeoftheworld’smajorlanguagefamilies.Milletwasanimportantearlycropashunter-gathererstransitionedtoanagriculturallifestyle.Thereare98Transeurasianlanguages.Thislanguagefamily’sbeginningsweretracedtomilletfarmersintheLiaoRivervalley,anareaincludingpartsoftheChineseprovincesofLiaoningandJilinandtheregionofInnerMongolia.AsthesefarmersmovedacrossnortheasternAsia,thedescendantlanguagesspreadnorthandwestintoSiberiaandeastintoKoreaandovertheseatoJapanoverthousandsofyears.Theresearchstressedthecomplexbeginningsformodernpopulationsandcultures.“Acceptingthattherootsofone’slanguage,cultureorpeopleliebeyondthepresentnationalboundariesisakindofsurrenderofidentity,whichsomepeoplearenotyetpreparedtomake,”saidcomparativelinguistMartineRobbeets,leadauthorofthestudypublishedinthejournalNature.“PowerfulnationssuchasJapan,KoreaandChinaareoftenpicturedasrepresentingonelanguage,onecultureandonegeneticprofile.Butatruthisthatalllanguages,culturesandhumans,includingthoseinAsia,aremixed,”Robbeetsadded.TheoriginsofmodemChineselanguagesaroseindependently,thoughinasimilarfashion,withmilletalsoinvolved.WhiletheancestorsoftheTranseurasianlanguagesgrewmilletintheLiaoRivervalley,theoriginatorsoftheSino-TibetanlanguagefamilyfarmedmilletatroughlythesametimeinChina’sYellowRiverregion,pavingthewayforaseparatelanguageexpansion.8.Whatisthenewstudymainlyabout?A.Themigrationroutesofmilletfarmers.B.Theancientoriginsofalargelanguagefamily.C.ThedifferentancestriesofTranseurasianspeakers.D.Thesharedfeaturesofsomeneighboringlanguages.9.WhatfueledthespreadofTranseurasianlanguages?A.Thetransitionofpower. B.Thediversityoflifestyles.C.Theinteractionofcultures. D.Theadoptionoffarming.10.AccordingtoRobbeets,whomayfeeluncomfortableaboutthenewfindings?A.Thosefromagriculturalcountries.B.Thosewhodenytheirculturalidentity.C.Thosewithastrongsenseofnationalism.D.Thosewhoareafraidtocrossboundaries.11.Whatisthemainfunctionofthelastparagraph?A.Todrawaconclusion.B.Topresentlikelyconsequences.C.Tohighlightthetheme.D.Toofferadditionalinformation.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.D【解析】【分析】本篇是说明文，主要讲了发表在《自然》期刊上的一项最新探讨发觉，包括日语，韩语，土耳其语和蒙古语在内的泛欧亚语系起源于9000年前的中国东北。农业的发展推动了语言的传播。【8题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段“Anewstudycombininglinguistic,geneticandarchaeologicalevidencehastracedtheoriginsofthefamilyoflanguagesincludingmodernJapanese,Korean,TurkishandMongolianandthepeoplewhospeakthemtomillet(粟)farmerswhoinhabitedaregioninnortheasternChinaabout9,000yearsago”（一项结合语言学、遗传学和考古学证据的新探讨追溯了现代日语、韩语、土耳其语和蒙古语等语言家族的起源，以及与居住在中国东北地区约9000年前的黍农夫说这些语言的人）可知，第一段主要讲了一支大语族的古代起源。故选B。【9题详解】微小环节理解题。由第三自然段第一句话“Thefindingsillustratehowhumankind’sembraceofagriculturefollowingtheIceAgepoweredthemovementsofsomeoftheworld’smajorlanguagefamilies.”（探讨结果说明白人类在冰河时代之后对农业的接受如何推动了世界上一些主要语系的运动。）可知，是农业推动了世界主要语系的发展。故选D。【10题详解】推理推断题。由第六段“Acceptingthattherootsofone’slanguage,cultureorpeopleliebeyondthepresentnationalboundariesisakindofsurrenderofidentity,whichsomepeoplearenotyetpreparedtomake,”（接受一个人的语言、文化或民族的根源超出目前的国界是一种身份的放弃，有些人还没有打算好）可知，他认为承认自己的语言，文化或祖先来自境外，是一种身份的屈服，有些人接受不了。在四个选项中猛烈的民族主义者比较符合这个群体画像。故选C。【11题详解】推理推断题。由最终一段“TheoriginsofmodemChineselanguagesaroseindependently,thoughinasimilarfashion,”（现代汉语的起源以类似的方式独立出现）可知，最终一段主要讲了现代汉语的起源，从最终一段可知汉藏语系和泛欧亚语系是独立的。而前文主要探讨的是泛欧亚语系，所以这里是补充额外信息。故选D。DA“secretive”newspeciesoffroghasbeendiscoveredontheforestfloorinIndia’sWesternGhatmountainrange.Namedthestarrydwarffrogafterthemarkingsonitsdarkbrownback,itisjust2centimeterslong.Thefrog,whoseclosestrelativesareagroupofspeciesnativetoIndiaandSriLinka,istheonlymemberofanancientlineage(血统)datingbacktomillionsofyearsago,accordingtoresearchersfromIndiaandtheUS.ItisunclearwhetherthespeciesisdescendedfromAfricanorAsianfrogs.AgroupofIndianandUSresearchersfirstcameacrossthelocalspecieshiddeninleaf-litteraspartofawiderprojecttolookfornewfrogs,lizardsandsnakesintherichlybiodiverseregionandstoreditinajarforlaterstudy.Genetictestingandacloserlookatitsshape,colouringandotherfeatureshasshownthatitdoesn’tmatchanyexistingspecies.KartikShankeroftheIndianInstituteofScience,whohelpeddesignthestudy,sayswhileitiscommontofindnewfrogsinIndia,thisoneneedstobenoticed.“Thisparticularspeciesnotjustisanewspecies,butalsobelongstoanewgenus(属),andthatmakesitalittlemorespecial,”saysShanker.ThenumberofknownspeciesoffrogidentifiedinIndiahasclimbedfromaround200toabove400overthepasttwodecades.Whilemanyspeciesnewtosciencearefrequentlyimmediatelysortedasendangered,itistooearlytosaywhetherthestarrydwarffrogisthreatened.“Theyareverysecretive,”saysShanker,addingthattheteamdidn’tknowthesizeofitspopulation.Thefrogisactiveatnightandlivesnearwater.Habitatlossisaseriousrisktofrogsintropicalforestsaroundtheworld,alongsidethreatssuchasadeadlyfungus(真菌)thathasbeenkillingoffamphibians(两栖动物)forthepastfourdecades.Butthenewspecieswasfoundinareservedforest,meaningitwillenjoyadegreeofprotectionbyIndiangovernmentagencies.12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Thespecieswasdiscoveredbytourists.B.Thespecieswasfoundinarichregion.C.Thespecieswasfinallysetfree.D.Thespecieswasfurtherstudied.13.Whatcanwesayaboutthenewfrog?A.Itisinsmallquantities.B.Itisanendangeredspecies.C.Itiswellworthattention.D.ItisrelatedtoAfricanorAsianfrogs.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?AHabitatlossisthechiefthreattofrogs.B.Thenewspeciesmayfacelessdangers.C.TropicalforestsinIndiaareallunderprotection.D.TheIndiangovernmentdeterminestosavefrogs.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ArarefrogspeciesprotectedinIndiaB.AriseinspeciesoffrogseeninIndiaC.AsecretivefrogspeciesdiscoveredinIndiaD.AriskofhabitatlossforfrogsremovedinIndia【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种在印度发觉的新青蛙品种。通过探讨它的种种特征表明，它不同于现有的青蛙种类，而是一种新的特别的属类，并且目前尚不明确它是否属于濒危物种。【12题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第三段第一句“AgroupofIndianandUSresearchersfirstcameacrossthelocalspecieshiddeninleaf-litteraspartofawiderprojecttolookfornewfrogs,lizardsandsnakesintherichlybiodiverseregionandstoreditinajarforlaterstudy.(一组印度和美国的探讨人员首次发觉了隐藏在落叶中的本地物种，这是一个更广泛的项目的一部分，该项目旨在在这个生物多样性丰富的地区找寻新的青蛙、蜥蜴和蛇，并将其储存在一个罐子中供以后探讨。)”和其次句“Genetictestingandacloserlookatitsshape,colouringandotherfeatureshasshownthatitdoesn’tmatchanyexistingspecies.(基因测试和对它的形态、颜色和其他特征的细致视察表明，它与现有的任何物种都不匹配。)”可知，新发觉的青蛙被装在罐子里进行了基因测试、颜色、形态及等其他特征的进一步探讨。故选D项。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段其次句“Whilemanyspeciesnewtosciencearefrequentlyimmediatelysortedasendangered,itistooearlytosaywhetherthestarrydwarffrogisthreatened.(虽然很多科学上的新物种常常立即被归类为濒危物种，但现在说星矮蛙是否受到威逼还为时过早)”和第三句““Theyareverysecretive,”saysShanker,addingthattheteamdidn’tknowthesizeofitspopulation.(“它们特别奇异”，Shanker说，并补充说探讨团队不知道它们的数量。)”可知，新物种常备归类为濒危物种，而且这种新青蛙的数量是未知的，所以他们值得特别的关注。故选C项。【14题详解】微小环节理解题。依据最终一段最终一句“Butthenewspecieswasfoundinareservedforest,meaningitwillenjoyadegreeofprotectionbyIndiangovernmentagencies.(但这个新物种是在一片疼惜区发觉的，这意味着它将受到印度政府机构的确定程度的疼惜。)”可知，这种新青蛙物种正在受政府疼惜，因此它面临的紧急可能更小。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一句“A“secretive”newspeciesoffroghasbeendiscoveredontheforestfloorinIndia’sWesternGhatmountainrange.(在印度西高特山脉的森林地面上发觉了一种“奇异的”青蛙新品种。)”可知整篇文章介绍一种新被发觉的青蛙品种。C项“AsecretivefrogspeciesdiscoveredinIndia(在印度发觉的一种奇异的青蛙)”作为标题可以概括全文主旨。故选C项。其次节七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Holidaysandstressseemtogohandinhand.Tocope,manypeopleoftenstealhoursfromtheirsleeptopackinallthecooking,shopping,partiesandfamilytime.____16____.Trythesesleepexperttipstopreventfromruiningslumberduringtheholidays.Becarefulwithexcessfood____17____.However,Eatingsmallerportionsandtakingbreakstocheckinwithyourbodyonhowfullyouarecanhelp.Thisseemscruelespeciallywhenadeliciousmealisrightinfrontofyou,butthistipcanhelpreduceyourfeelingsofsleepiness.Besides,tryreplacingthesugaryandfattyfoodsonyourholidayplatewithmoreunprocessed,fiber-richfoods.____18____Manypeoplelookforwardtothatholidaynap,andoftenpointtotheturkeyasthecause.Infact,you’dhavetoeatabout8poundsforturkeytohaveaneffect.Instead,it’stherich,processedfoods,suchascandiedsweetpotatoesorpecanpie,thataremakingyoufeeltired____19____.WatchfordepressionIfyousufferfromanxiety,depressionorseasonalaffectivedisorder(aconditionthatcausessadnesswhenthere’slessdaylight),watchingyoursleepiskey.Depressionandsleeparelinked.____20____Calmingstrategiescanincludearelaxingtransitionbeforegoingtosleepinwhichyoucouldtakeabath,meditateorlistentosoothingmusic.A.BestrategicwithnapsB.WatchyouralcoholintakeC.AnothereffectivestrategyisregularexerciseD.Ifyoudodecidetohaveanap,besurenottodoittoosoonaftereatingE.Eatinglarge,heavymealscausesthebodytoworkhardertodigestthefoodsF.Poorsleepcandamageourmood,anddepressioncanleadtounhealthysleepG.Butevenanightortwoofshortsleepcanhaveshorttermeffectsonyourhealthandmood【答案】16G17.E18.A19.D20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了防止你在假期里破坏睡眠的一些建议。【16题详解】上文“Holidaysandstressseemtogohandinhand.Tocope,manypeopleoftenstealhoursfromtheirsleeptopackinallthecooking,shopping,partiesandfamilytime.”（假期和压力好像是形影不离的。为了应对这种状况，很多人常常从睡眠中抽出几个小时来做饭、购物、参与聚会和与家人共度时间。）可知很多人牺牲睡眠时间来做其他事。下文“Trythesesleepexperttipstopreventfromruiningslumberduringtheholidays.”（试试下面这些睡眠专家的建议，防止你在假期里破坏睡眠。）而后句提到专家给出建议，故可推知空格处应指出牺牲睡眠来做其他事对健康产生不好的影响。结合选项G项Butevenanightortwoofshortsleepcanhaveshorttermeffectsonyourhealthandmood.（但即使是一两个晚上的睡眠不足也会对你的健康和心情产生短期影响。）符合此推断，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选G项。【17题详解】依据小标题“Becarefulwithexcessfood”（当心过量的食物）和下一句“However,Eatingsmallerportionsandtakingbreakstocheckinwithyourbodyonhowfullyouarecanhelp.”（然而，少吃一点，休息一下，检查一下你的身体，看看你有多饱会有所帮助。）故可推知，上一句应描述Eatinglarge的坏处。结合选项E项Eatinglarge,heavymealscausesthebodytoworkhardertodigestthefoods.（吃大餐会使身体更加努力地消化食物。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选E项。【18题详解】由该题为段落小标题，可知为总结该段内容。该段下文“Manypeoplelookforwardtothatholidaynap,andoftenpointtotheturkeyasthecause.”（很多人都期盼着假日的小憩，并常常把火鸡作为缘由。）可知本段主要讲的是和nap有关。结合选项A项Bestrategicwithnaps.（午睡要有策略。）意思一样，为总结该段内容。故选A项。【19题详解】依据小标题可知，本空应给出与nap有关的建议，结合上文“Instead,it’stherich,processedfoods,suchascandiedsweetpotatoesorpecanpie,thataremakingyoufeeltired.”（相反，是丰富的加工食品，如蜜饯红薯或山核桃派，让你感到乏累。）提出是因为吃的太多影响小睡。结合选项D项Ifyoudodecidetohaveanap,besurenottodoittoosoonaftereating.（假如你确定小睡一会儿，确定不要在刚吃完饭的时候小睡。）为给出的建议，也是对上文内容的总结。上下文语意连贯。故选D项。【20题详解】依据小标题和上一句“Depressionandsleeparelinked.”（抑郁和睡眠有联系）故可推知，本空应描述睡眠和心情的关系。结合选项F项Poorsleepcandamageourmood,anddepressioncanleadtounhealthysleep.（睡眠不好会损害我们的心情，而抑郁会导致不健康的睡眠。）为描述睡眠和心情的关系，也是对上文内容的说明，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。第三部分语言学问运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)OneMarchmorning,myhusband,mychildrenandIwentouttoMcDonalds.Itwasjustourwayof____21____playtimewithourfamily.Wewerestandinginline,____22____tobeservedwheneveryonearoundusbegantobackaway.AsIturnedaround,Ismelleda____23____smell.Standingbehindmeweretwohomelessmen.AsIlookeddownattheshortman____24____tome,hewassmilingatme.Hisbeautifulblue____25____werefullofGod’sLight.Hesaid“Goodday”ashecountedthefew____26____hehadbeenholding.Thesecondmanwasfumbling(摆平)withhishands,standingbehindhisfriendandkeepinglaughingandtalkingtohimself.Irealizedthesecondmanwas____27____mentally(精神上)disabled.Theyoungladyatthecounteraskedtheshortmanwhathe____28____.Hesaid,“Coffeeisall,Miss.”Thatwasallhecould____29____.Tositinthe_____30_____andwarmup,theyhadtobuysomething.Justthen,Inoticedalleyesintherestaurant_____31_____me.Ismiledandaskedtheyoungladytogivemetwomorebreakfasts.Ithenwalkedtothetablethatthetwomenhadchosenasa_____32_____spot.Iputthe_____33_____onthetableandlaidmyhandontheshortman’scoldhand.Helookedupatmewithtearsinhiseyes,andsaid,“Thankyou.”WhenIsatdown,myhusbandsmiledatmeandsaid,“Thatis_____34_____Godgaveyoutome,honey—togivemehope.”Weheldhandsforamomentandatthattime,meknewthatwewerenotchurchgoersbutwewerebelievers.Thatshortman’ssmile_____35_____methepureLightofGod.21.A.wasting B.sharing C.saving D.earning22.A.waiting B.refusing C.regretting D.hesitating23.A.dangerous B.harmful C.horrible D.sweet24.A.close B.related C.addicted D.attached25.A.hair B.clothes C.eyes D.faces26.A.books B.newspapers C.cards D.coins27.A.gradually B.obviously C.officially D.suddenly28.A.begged B.sold C.offered D.wanted29.A.destroy B.employ C.afford D.observe30.A.supermarket B.concert C.cinema D.restaurant31.A.focusedon B.stoodfor C.ledto D.differedfrom32.A.living B.working C.learning D.resting33.A.meals B.wallets C.smartphones D.bills34.A.what B.why C.how D.when35.A.sent B.warned C.showed D.handed【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.A25.C26.D27.B28.D29.C30.D31.A32.D33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了作者一家人在快餐店麦当劳购餐时帮助无家可归人的阅历。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只是我们和家人共享玩耍时间的方式。A.wasting奢侈；B.sharing共享；C.saving保存；D.earning赚得。依据“OneMarchmorning,myhusband,mychildrenandIwentouttoMcDonalds.”可知，去麦当劳是作者和家人共享玩耍时间的方式。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们站成一排，等着供应，这时四周的人都起先往后退。A.waiting等待；B.refusing拒绝；C.regretting缺憾；D.hesitating迟疑。依据“Wewerestandinginline,”可知，作者一家排队等待取餐。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我转过身，我闻到了一股可怕的气味。A.dangerous紧急的；B.harmful有害的；C.horrible可怕的；D.sweet甜的。依据“Wewerestandinginline,____2____tobeservedwheneveryonearoundusbegantobackaway.”可知，因为闻到了可怕的气味，所以人们纷纷退让。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我低头看着靠近我的那个矮个子男人时，他正在对我微笑。A.close靠近的；B.related相关的；C.addicted沉溺的；D.attached附加的。依据“hewassmilingatme.”可知，矮个子男人离作者很靠近。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他漂亮的蓝眼睛里充溢了上帝的光线。A.hair头发；B.clothes衣服；C.eyes眼睛；D.faces脸。依据“Hisbeautifulblue”和“fullofGod’sLight”可知，矮个子男人眼睛是蓝色的。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一边数着手里的几枚硬币，一边说了声“你好”。A.books书；B.newspapers报纸；C.cards卡片；D.coins硬币。依据“Thatwasallhecould____9____.”可知，矮个子男人只能付得起咖啡的钱，所以手里拿的是硬币。故选D。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我意识到其次个人明显是智障人士。A.gradually渐渐地；B.obviously明显地；C.officially正式地；D.suddenly突然地。依据“Thesecondmanwasfumbling(摆平)withhishands,standingbehindhisfriendandkeepinglaughingandtalkingtohimself.”和常识可知，作者意识到其次个人明显是智障人士。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：柜台边的年轻女士问那个矮个男人想要什么。A.begged请求；B.sold卖；C.offered供应；D.wanted想要。依据“Hesaid,“Coffeeisall,Miss.””可知，柜台服务员问矮个男人想要买什么。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是他所能负得起的。A.destroy摧毁；B.employ雇佣；C.afford付得起；D.observe视察。依据“Hesaid“Goodday”ashecountedthefew____6____hehadbeenholding.”可知，几枚硬币只能买得起一杯咖啡。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了在餐厅里坐着温煦温煦，他们得买些东西。A.supermarket超市；B.concert音乐会；C.cinema电影院；D.restaurant饭馆。依据文章首句“OneMarchmorning,myhusband,mychildrenandIwentouttoMcDonalds.”可知，两个无家可归的人是为了在餐厅里坐着温煦温煦，所以到麦当劳餐厅。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我留意到餐厅里全部的目光都集中在我身上。A.focusedon关注；集中；B.stoodfor代表；C.ledto导致；D.differedfrom与……不同。依据“Wewerestandinginline,____2____tobeservedwheneveryonearoundusbegantobackaway.”可知，其他顾客都纷纷退让，只剩下作者一人，所以其他人的目光都集中在作者身上。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我走到那两个人选择的休息地点。A.living生活；B.working工作；C.learning学习；D.resting休息。依据“Ithenwalkedtothetable”可知，作者把两份早餐送到两个无家可归人休息地点。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把食物放在桌子上，把手放在矮个子男人冰冷的手上。A.meals膳食；B.wallets钱包；C.smartphones智能手机；D.bills账单。依据“Ismiledandaskedtheyoungladytogivemetwomorebreakfasts.”可知，作者把两份早餐送给两个无家可归人。故选A。【34题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：当我坐下时，我的丈夫微笑着对我说：“这就是为什么上帝把你给了我，敬重的——给我希望。”A.what什么；B.why为什么；C.how怎么；D.when什么时候。依据“Godgaveyoutome”可知，丈夫说这是上帝把作者给了他的缘由。Thatiswhy…那就是为什么，连接副词why引导表语从句。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个矮个男人的微笑让我看到了上帝纯净的光线。A.sent派送；B.warned警告；C.showed展示；D.handed递交。依据“Thatshortman’ssmile”可知，矮个男人的微笑向作者展示了上帝的纯净之光。故选C。其次节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Theworldwitnessedwhatwasdescribed____36____“Chongqingspeed”inpeople’sunitedactioninChina’sChongqingthatputoutover10forestfiresinlessthan10days.On