第3章三层交换冯刚

实验时间：实验人：冯刚实验名称：三层交换与DHCP中继实验任务和目标：任务1.配置三层交换，是内部VLAN间互通【截图验证】任务2.配置DHCP中继，使VLAN2中的DHCPSERVER对VLAN3中的CLIENT生效【截图验证】相关命令补充：实验拓扑及网络规划：实验操作过程及配置说明：在这里我先做一下变化说明如下所示：Switch1F0/0<---->Router1E0/0Switch1F0/15<---->Switch2F0/15Switch2F0/2<---->XPCP0/1(net1vlan2，VS4，做DHCPSERVER)Switch2F0/3<---->XPCP0/0(net8vlan3，VS3CLIENT)在二层交换机上我只桥接了2台虚拟PC，VS4，VS3VS4：IP：192.168.2.1/24GW：192.168.2.54VLAN2VS3：IP：192.168.3.1/24GW：192.168.3.254VLAN3VLAN1不用。实验2：以下所示是实验拓朴图：和上面同的地方就是，我用一台路由器代替上面的PC机做DHCPSERVER，（VLAN3）。目的：能够让VLAN2中的PC机通过三层交换机上的DHCP中继功能从VLAN3中的路由器上的DHCPSERVER中得到IP地址。Switch1F0/15<---->Switch2F0/15Switch2F0/3<---->Router1E0/1(vlan3)Switch2F0/2<---->XPCP0/0(vlan2，net1)实验结果【可以是截屏图片】：以下是两个实验的详细过程，有什么不对的地方，请老师指导，TKS总结和分析、结论：实验1：详细方法如下所示：任务1：配置三层交换，是内部VLAN间互通1．sw1-3(config)#in(trunkstart)sw1-3(config)#interfacef0/15sw1-3(config-if)#swsw1-3(config-if)#switchportmosw1-3(config-if)#switchportmodetrsw1-3(config-if)#noshsw1-3(config)#interfacef0/0sw1-3(config-if)#swsw1-3(config-if)#switchportmosw1-3(config-if)#switchportmodetrsw1-3(config-if)#switchportmodetrunksw1-3(config-if)#nosh2.sw1-3#vlda(configvtpserver)sw1-3(vlan)#vtpdomaintestChangingVTPdomainnamefromNULLtotestsw1-3(vlan)#vtpserverDevicemodealreadyVTPSERVER.sw1-3(vlan)#vtppassword111111SettingdeviceVLANdatabasepasswordto111111.sw1-3(vlan)#vtpv2-modeV2modeenabled.sw1-3(vlan)#vtppruningPruningswitchedONsw1-3(vlan)#exit3.sw2-2starttrunk(和SW1-3相同配置，略)configvtpclient（和SW1-3配置差不多，略）4．sw1-3#vldasw1-3(vlan)#vlan2namev2VLAN2added:Name:v2sw1-3(vlan)#applyAPPLYcompleted.sw1-3(vlan)#vlan3namev3VLAN3added:Name:v3sw1-3(vlan)#applyAPPLYcompleted.sw1-3(vlan)#exitAPPLYcompleted.Exiting....sw1-3#exit5．CLIENTTESTsw2-2#showvlan-switchVLANNameStatusPorts----------------------------------------------------------------------------1defaultactiveFa0/0,Fa0/1,Fa0/2,Fa0/3Fa0/4,Fa0/5,Fa0/6,Fa0/7Fa0/8,Fa0/9,Fa0/10,Fa0/11Fa0/12,Fa0/13,Fa0/142v2active3v3active1002fddi-defaultactive1003trcrf-defaultactive1004fddinet-defaultactive1005trbrf-defaultactive6．sw2-2#conft（划分接口到VLAN中）Enterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.sw2-2(config)#interfacef0/2sw2-2(config-if)#switchportaccessvlan2sw2-2(config-if)#switchportmodeaccess（定义为二层接口）sw2-2(config-if)#noshsw2-2(config-if)#exitsw2-2(config)#interfacef0/3sw2-2(config-if)#switchportaccessvlan3sw2-2(config-if)#switchportmodeaccesssw2-2(config-if)#noshsw2-2(config-if)#exitsw2-2(config)#exitsw2-2#7．sw2-2#showvlan-switch(test)VLANNameStatusPorts----------------------------------------------------------------------------1defaultactiveFa0/0,Fa0/1,Fa0/4,Fa0/5Fa0/6,Fa0/7,Fa0/8,Fa0/9Fa0/10,Fa0/11,Fa0/12,Fa0/13Fa0/142v2activeFa0/23v3activeFa0/31002fddi-defaultactive1003trcrf-defaultactive1004fddinet-defaultactive1005trbrf-defaultactive8.sw1-3(config)#iprouting(start路由功能)9．sw1-3(config)#interfacevlan2（三层交换机上VLAN配IP。为二层VLANGW）sw1-3(config-if)#ipadd192.168.2.254255.255.255.0sw1-3(config-if)#noshsw1-3(config-if)#exitsw1-3(config)#interfacevlan3sw1-3(config-if)#ipadd192.168.3.254255.255.255.0sw1-3(config-if)#noshsw1-3(config-if)#exitsw1-3#showiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotsetC192.168.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Vlan2C192.168.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Vlan310．sw1-3#showipinbr（TEST）InterfaceIP-AddressOK?MethodStatusProtocolFastEthernet0/0unassignedYESunsetupupFastEthernet0/1unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/2unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/3unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/4unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/5unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/6unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/7unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/8unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/9unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/10unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/11unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/12unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/13unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/14unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/15unassignedYESunsetupupVlan1unassignedYESunsetupupVlan2192.168.2.254YESmanualupupVlan3192.168.3.254YESmanualupup11．测试不同VLAN间是否可PING通VLAN2VS4：VLAN3VS3：12．在三层交换机上配置路由接口和IP，并运行RIP。在路由器上配置相应接口的IP，并运行RIP，结果，使VALN2和VLAN3中的主机可以通过三层交换和外部相通。sw1-3(config-if)#interfacef0/0sw1-3(config-if)#noswitchport（关掉接口交换功能）sw1-3(config-if)#ipadd192.168.5.1255.255.255.0sw1-3(config-if)#noshsw1-3(config-if)#exitsw1-3(config)#exitsw1-3#showipinbrInterfaceIP-AddressOK?MethodStatusProtocolFastEthernet0/0192.168.5.1YESmanualupupFastEthernet0/1unassignedYESunsetupdownsw1-3(config)#routerrip（运行RIP）sw1-3(config-router)#network192.168.5.0sw1-3(config-router)#network192.168.2.0sw1-3(config-router)#network192.168.3.0sw1-3(config-router)#exitsw1-3(config)#exitsw1-3#sw1-3#showiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotsetC192.168.5.0/24isdirectlyconnected,FastEthernet0/0R192.168.6.0/24[120/1]via192.168.5.2,00:00:03,FastEthernet0/0C192.168.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Vlan2C192.168.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Vlan3sw1-3#R1(config)#interfacee0/0R1(config-if)#ipadd192.168.5.2255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#noshR1(config-if)#exiR1(config)#interfacelo0（环回）R1(config-if)#ipadd192.168.6.1255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#noshR1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#exitR1#showipinbrInterfaceIP-AddressOK?MethodStatusProtocolEthernet0/0192.168.5.2YESmanualupupEthernet0/1unassignedYESunsetadministrativelydowndownEthernet0/2unassignedYESunsetadministrativelydowndownEthernet0/3unassignedYESunsetadministrativelydowndownLoopback0192.168.6.1YESmanualupupR1(config)#routerrip（运行RIP）R1(config-router)#network192.168.5.0R1(config-router)#network192.168.6.0R1(config-router)#exitR1(config)#exitR1#showiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotsetC192.168.5.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Ethernet0/0C192.168.6.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Loopback0R192.168.2.0/24[120/1]via192.168.5.1,00:00:03,Ethernet0/0R192.168.3.0/24[120/1]via192.168.5.1,00:00:03,Ethernet0/013．测试。VLAN2：VLAN3：14．。任务1OK！任务2：.配置DHCP中继，使VLAN2中的DHCPSERVER对VLAN3中的CLIENT生效在VLAN2的主机中配置DHCPSERVER本VALN2中的CLIENT申请IPVLAN3中的CLIENT申请IP：以上原因很明显，之所以VLAN3中的CLIENT没有得到IP，是因为不同VLAN之间相通是要通过路由的，而在，申请IP时，用的是广播地址，路由是隔离广播的，所以，没有得以IP，解决的方法就是在，SW1-3上面做中继代理：sw1-3(config)#interfacevlan2sw1-3(config-if)#iphelper-address192.168.2.1sw1-3(config-if)#exitsw1-3(config)#interfacevlan3sw1-3(config-if)#iphelper-address192.168.2.1sw1-3(config-if)#exitsw1-3(confi测试VLNA3中的CLIENT是否能够得到IP测试成功！实验2：详细过程：在SW1-3和SW2-2中打开F0/15为中继端口（TRUNK，同上，略）在SW1-3和SW2-2上做VTP，并且，新建VLAN2，3。（同上，略）SW1-3为VTPSERVER，并新建VLAN2，3。2SW2-2为VTPCLIENT。在SW1-3和SW2-2中分别测试VLAN是否OK！（同上，略） SW2-2中划接口F0/2到VLAN2，划接口F0/3到VLAN3。sw2-2#conft（划分接口到VLAN中）Enterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.sw2-2(config)#interfacef0/2sw2-2(config-if)#switchportaccessvlan2sw2-2(config-if)#switchportmodeaccess（定义为二层接口）sw2-2(config-if)#noshsw2-2(config-if)#exitsw2-2(config)#interfacef0/3sw2-2(config-if)#switchportaccessvlan3sw2-2(config-if)#switchportmodeaccesssw2-2(config-if)#noshsw2-2(config-if)#exitsw2-2(config)#exitsw2-2#5．sw2-2#showvlan-switch(test)VLANNameStatusPorts----------------------------------------------------------------------------1defaultactiveFa0/0,Fa0/1,Fa0/4,Fa0/5Fa0/6,Fa0/7,Fa0/8,Fa0/9Fa0/10,Fa0/11,Fa0/12,Fa0/13Fa0/142v2activeFa0/23v3activeFa0/31002fddi-defaultactive1003trcrf-defaultactive1004fddinet-defaultactive1005trbrf-defaultactive6．sw1-3(config)#iprouting7．sw1-3(config)#interfacevlan3sw1-3(config-if)#ipadd192.168.3.254255.255.255.0sw1-3(config-if)#noshsw1-3(config-if)#exitsw1-3(config)#insw1-3(config)#intersw1-3(config)#interfacevlan2sw1-3(config-if)#ipadd192.168.2.254255.255.255.0sw1-3(config-if)#noshsw1-3(config-if)#exitsw1-3(config)#exitsw1-3#h8．sw1-3#showipinbrInterfaceIP-AddressOK?MethodStatusProtocolFastEthernet0/0unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/1unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/2unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/3unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/4unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/5unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/6unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/7unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/8unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/9unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/10unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/11unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/12unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/13unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/14unassignedYESunsetupdownFastEthernet0/15unassignedYESunsetupupVlan1unassignedYESunsetupupVlan2192.168.2.254YESmanualupupVlan3192.168.3.254YESmanualupup9．sw1-3#showiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotsetC192.168.2.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Vlan2C192.168.3.0/24isdirectlyconnected,Vlan310．R1(config)#interfacee0/1R1(config-if)#ipadd192.168.3.1255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#nosh11．sw1-3#conftEnterconfigurationcommands,oneperline.EndwithCNTL/Z.sw1-3(config)#routerripsw1-3(config-router)#network192.168.2.0sw1-3(config-router)#network192.168.3.0sw1-3(config-router)#exitsw1-3(config)#exi12．Router#showiprouteCodes:C-connected,S-static,R-RIP,M-mobile,B-BGPD-EIGRP,EX-EIGRPexternal,O-OSPF,IA-OSPFinterareaN1-OSPFNSSAexternaltype1,N2-OSPFNSSAexternaltype2E1-OSPFexternaltype1,E2-OSPFexternaltype2i-IS-IS,su-IS-ISsummary,L1-IS-ISlevel-1,L2-IS-ISlevel-2ia-IS-ISinterarea,*-candidatedefault,U-per-userstaticrouteo-ODR,P-periodicdownloadedstaticrouteGatewayoflastresortisnotsetC