2025版新教材高中英语Unit3FascinatingParksSectionⅣ写作指导提能作业新人教版选择性必修第一册

UNIT3SectionⅣⅠ.阅读理解(2024·上海市宜川中学高一下学期期中)BecauseofthepoliticsandhistoryofAfrica,wildanimalsthere,whichareinterestedinfindingfoodandwaternotinpolitics,areintrouble.Inthepast,therewerenobordersbetweenAfricancountries,andtheanimalscouldtravelfreelyaccordingtotheseasonortheweather.However,inthe19thand20thcenturies,thecontinentwasdividedupintocoloniesandthenintonations.Fenceswereputupalongtheborders,sotheanimalscouldnolongermoveaboutfreely.Somecountriesdecidedtoprotecttheiranimalsbycreatingnationalparks.KrugerNationalPark,createdinSouthAfricain1926,wasoneofthefirst.Bytheendofthetwentiethcentury,ithadbecomeanimportanttouristattractionandahomeformanykindsofanimals.Amongthese,therewereabout9,000elephants,toomanyforthespaceinthepark.Itwasnotpossibletoletanyelephantsleavethepark,however.Theywouldbekilledbyhunters,ortheymightdamagepropertyorhurtpeople.SouthAfricanparkofficialsbegantolookforothersolutionstotheelephantproblem.Asearlyas1990,thegovernmentsofSouthAfricaandMozambiquehadbeguntalkingaboutforminganewparktogether.In1997,Zimbabweagreedtoaddsomeofitslandtothepark.AnewparkwouldcombinetheKrugerNationalParkwithparksinMozambiqueandZimbabwe.Therewouldbenonationalborderfenceswithinthepark,sothatelephantsandotheranimalsfromthecrowdedKrugerParkcouldmovetoareasofMozambiqueandZimbabwe.Thisnew“transfrontier”parkwouldcover13,150squaremiles(35,000squarekilometers)．Theideaofatransfrontierparkinterestedseveralinternationalagencies,whichgavemoneyandtechnicalassistancetoMozambiquetohelpbuilditspartofthepark.InApril2001,thenewparkwasopened,withnewbordersandanewname:TheGreatLimpopoTransfrontierPark.AbordergatewasopenedbetweenKrugerNationalParkandMozambique,andsevenelephantswereallowedthrough.Theywerethefirstof1,000elephantsthatwouldbetransferredtotheworld'sgreatestanimalpark.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。为了解决克格鲁国家公园面临的空间不足的问题，非洲三个国家一起合作建立了一个新的公园。1．ThepassagebeginswithB.A．acommonsense B．afactC．amysteriesevent D．atheory解析：微小环节理解题。依据第一段中的“Inthepast,there...aboutfreely.”可知，之前动物可以在陆地自由走动，但是因为国家的成立，设立边界后，动物就不能在国家间自由地走动了，因此文章是由讲解并描述过去的事实起先的，故选B。2．WhichofthefollowingwasaproblemfacingKrugerNationalPark？AA．Itwasnotbigenoughtoholdallitselephants.B．Alotofhuntersslippedintohuntanimals.C．AsthefirstnationalparkinAfrica,itwasnotwelldesigned.D．Toomuchtourismdidgreatdamagetoit.解析：微小环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Amongthese,therewereabout9,000elephants,toomanyforthespaceinthepark.”可知，克格鲁国家公园面临的问题是它没有足够多的空间来容纳全部的大象，故选A。3．Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutthenewpark？CA．Itisdividedintothreepartsbyfencesalongborders.B．Itisbuiltmainlyforelephantsratherthanotheranimals.C．ItislocatedacrosstheborderofSouthAfricaandMozambique.D．ItistheresultofatalkbetweenMozambiqueandsomeinternationalagencies.解析：推理推断题。依据第三段中的“Therewould...13,150squaremiles(35,000squarekilometers)．”可知，这是一个“跨境公园”，由此可推知，这个新的公园跨越南非和津巴布韦，故选C。4．ThepassagetalksmainlyaboutC.A．howinternationalaidhasfunctionedinAfricaB．howtheKrugerNationalParkwillsaveitselephantsC．howthreeAfricancountriescooperatedtomakeanewparkD．howmanyAfricananimalshavesufferedbecauseofnaturaldisasters解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，本文主要讲解并描述三个国家一起致力于新公园的建设来解决大象生存空间的问题，故选C。Ⅱ.七选五依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2024·1月浙江高考卷)Withgaspricesrisingandairportsecuritylinessnakinglongerthanever,whynotbookyournextdomesticvacationonatrain?Comparedtootheralternatives,it'scomfortableandrelaxing.Hereissomeadviceonhowtomakeatripbyrailaspleasantaspossible.Planahead.Mostlong­distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaraccommodations,selloutveryquickly.1.DButnomatterwhenyoutravel,it'sagoodideatomakeyourreservationsatleast90daysinadvance.Useatravelagent.Considerturningyourtravelplanovertoatravelagentandlettinghimdouble­checkallthedetails,makesuggestions,andthenhandletheactualreservations.Agoodonecansometimesfindyoudiscountedtickets.2.GThenyouwon'thavetowalkthroughseveralcarsonamovingtrainthreetimesadayforyourmeals.Bringablanket.Whenyou'reridingontrains,youwon'tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.3.CInthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.Arriveearly.Mosttrainsoperatejustonceadayandsomerunonlythreetimesaweek,somissingyourscanbeadisaster.4.ENote:Thetimeslistedontheschedulesaredeparturetimes,notarrivaltimes.Havefun.5.AReadabook,knit,doacrosswordpuzzle,orsimplywatchtheworldunfoldoutsidethewindow.Tocalculateyourspeedasyoudo,divide3,600(thenumberofsecondsinanhour)bythenumberofsecondsittakesyoutotravelonemile(thedistancebetweentwomileposts).Ifittakesthetrain53secondstotravelonemile,you'regoing67.92mph.A．Traintripsaren'tforimpatienttypes.B．You'llhaveviewsfrombothsidesofthetrain.C．Thetemperatureonrailcarsisoftenhardtocontrol.D．That'sparticularlytrueduringbusysummermonths.E．Youmighthavetowaitlongerthan24hourstocatchthenextone.F．Chancesarethecostwillbealotlessthanthecostofonebedroom.G．Hemayalsobookyouinasleepingcarthat'srightnexttothediner.文章大意：本文是说明文。文章讲解并描述一些关于如何使坐火车旅行尽可能欢乐的建议。解析：1．依据上文“Planahead.Mostlong­distancetrains,especiallythesleepingcaraccommodations,selloutveryquickly.(提前支配。大多数长途火车，尤其是卧铺，很快就卖光了。)”以及下文“Butnomatterwhenyoutravel,it'sagoodideatomakeyourreservationsatleast90daysinadvance.(但无论你什么时候去旅行，最好至少提前90天预订。)”可知，大多数长途火车的卧铺很简洁被定完，所以要提前支配预定，D项“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此。”符合语境，D项中“busysummermonths”与前后文呼应，说明劳碌的夏季尤其须要提前支配。故选D项。2．依据上文“Agoodonecansometimesfindyoudiscountedtickets.(一个好的旅行社有时可以帮你找到打折的票。)”以及下文“Thenyouwon'thavetowalkthroughseveralcarsonamovingtrainthreetimesadayforyourmeals.(这样你就不必为了吃饭而每天三次在行驶的火车上穿过几节车厢了。)”可知，好的旅行社帮你预定，不仅可以找到打折的票，还可以节约从卧铺到餐车的距离，G项中“bookyouinasleepingcarthat'srightnexttothediner”与前后文对应，因此推断G项“他可能还会给你预订餐厅旁边的卧铺车厢。”符合语境。故选G项。3．依据上文“Whenyou'reridingontrains,youwon'tbeprovidedwithablanketforfree,evenifyourtripisanovernightone.(当你乘坐火车时，你不会免费获得一条毯子，即使你的旅行是过夜的。)”以及下文“Inthesummerinparticular,theairconditioningcanmakethemquitecold.(特别是在夏天，空调会让他们很冷。)”可知，这里提到了车厢内温度的问题，提示乘客最好自备毛毯，C项中“Thetemperatureonrailcars”与前后文对应，因此推断C项“列车上的温度通常很难限制。”符合语境。故选C项。4．依据上文“Mosttrainsoperatejustonceadayandsomerunonlythreetimesaweek,somissingyourscanbeadisaster.(大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。)”以及下文“Note:Thetimeslistedontheschedulesaredeparturetimes,notarrivaltimes.(留意：时刻表上列出的时间是动身时间，不是到达时间。)”可知，本段提示要提前支配时间，错过时间是很麻烦的事情，E项中“Youmighthavetowaitlonger”与前后文对应，说明错过火车导致的结果，因此推断E项“你可能要等超过24小时才能赶上下一班。”符合语境。故选E项。5．依据上文“Havefun.(玩得欢乐)”以及下文“Tocalculateyourspeedasyoudo,divide3,600(thenumberofsecondsinanhour)bythenumberofsecondsittakesyoutotravelonemile(thedistancebetweentwomileposts)．”(要计算你的速度，用3600(一小时的秒数)除以你走一英里(两个里程碑之间的距离)所花费的秒数。)”可知，本段讲解并描述如何度过乘车时间，A项中讲到火车旅行不适合没有耐性的人与后文要计算时间，用不同的方式打发时间对应，符合语境。故选A项。Ⅲ.完形填空阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2024·湖南省长郡中学下学期高一期中)TwodolphinsracearoundinabigpoolintheOceanPark.Thesmallerdolphin,Grace,showsoffafewofher1.B,turningaroundandwavinghellotothe2.A.Themostamazingthingabouther,however,isthatshe'sevenswimmingatall.Shedoesn'thavea3.B.Gracelosthertailasababywhenshe4.Cinafishtrap.WhenthedolphinarrivedattheOceanParkinDecember2005,shewas5.Aforherlife.Overthepastsixyears,shehaslearnedtoswimwithouthertail.Grace6.Bherselftomoveanotherway—likeafish!Shepushesherself7.Dthroughthewaterbymovingherpeduncle(背鳍)fromsidetoside.The8.CputharmfulpressureonGrace'sbackbone.Soacompany9.Btocreateaman­madetailforher.Thetailhadtobe10.DenoughtostayonGraceassheswambutsoftenoughthatitwouldn't11.Aher.ThefirsttimeGraceworetheman­madetail,shesoon12.Citoffandletitsinktothebottomofthepool.Now,sheisstilllearningtousethetail.Thismonth,GracewillstarinDolphinTale,afilmthatfocusesonher13.Dandrecovery.Herprogresshasinspiredmorethanjustanewmovie.Manypeopletravelfromnearandfarto14.Cher.SeeingGraceswimwithherman­madetailgivespeoplesomuch15.A.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了失去尾巴的Grace(格雷丝)在海洋馆里戴着人造尾巴努力地生活，带给人们欢乐。1．A.hobbies B．tricksC．inventions D．greetings解析：依据后文“turningaroundandwavinghellotothe”可知，海豚在表演自己的技巧。故选B。2．A.crowd B．keepersC．partner D．enemies解析：依据前文“TwodolphinsracearoundinabigpoolintheOceanPark.”可知，这两只海豚在海洋公园表演给人们看。故选A。3．A.choice B．tailC．baby D．head解析：依据后文“Gracelosthertail”可知，它没有了尾巴。故选B。4．A.waslost B．turnedupC．gotcaughtup D．stayedup解析：依据后文“inafishtrap”可知，Grace小时候缠到了渔网中，失去了自己的尾巴。故选C。5．A.fighting B．waitingC．caring D．longing解析：依据前文“Gracelosthertailasababywhenshe4inafishtrap.”可知，Grace失去了尾巴，生活很艰辛，刚到海洋馆时，很努力地活着。故选A。6．A.explored B．taughtC．led D．caused解析：依据前文“Overthepastsixyears,shehaslearnedtoswimwithouthertail.”可知，Grace自学游泳。故选B。7．A.upward B．downwardC．backward D．forward解析：依据前文“Grace6herselftomoveanotherway—likeafish！”可知，Grace学会了像鱼一样在水中向前游泳。故选D。8．A.idea B．attemptsC．movements D．success解析：依据前文“bymovingherpeduncle(背鳍)fromsidetoside”可知，像鱼一样运动(游泳)对Grace有害。故选C。9．A.pretended B．offeredC．happened D．managed解析：依据前文“The8putharmfulpressureonGrace'sbackbone.”以及后文“tocreateaman­madetailforher”可知，一家公司情愿为它供应人造尾巴来减轻用背鳍游泳的损害。故选B。10．A.big B．longC．cute D．strong解析：此处指在Grace游泳的时候尾巴必需足够坚实才不会脱落。故选D。11．A.hurt B．annoyC．embarrass D．kill解析：hurt“损害”；annoy“苦恼”；embarrass“使尴尬”；kill“杀害”。依据“softenough(足够松软)”可知，人造尾巴必需松软，才能不损害到小海豚。故选A。12．A.took B．preferredC．shook D．cut解析：依据后文“letitsinktothebottomofthepool”可知，Grace刚戴上这个尾巴时，很不适应，把它甩落了。故选C。13．A.range B．behaviorC．nature D．rescue解析：依据前文“Gracelosthertailas...shewas5forherlife.”以及后文“recovery”可知，Grace被救回来，送到了海洋公园。故选D。14．A.help B．foolC．meet D．approach解析：依据后文的“Seeing”可知，此处指Grace的故事吸引了很多人前来看它的表演。故选C。15．A.courage B．experienceC．fun D．equipment解析：依据前文可知，Grace小时候失去了尾巴，但是照旧努力地活着，带给人们欢乐，这给了人们很大的生活志气，鼓舞了人们。故选A。Ⅳ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2024·全国乙卷)Beijingisacitybridgingtheancientandthemodern.FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutong1.toroyalpalaces,itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully2.built(build)systemofringroads.Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace3.which/thatwelcomesthefast­paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st­centuryarchitectural4.wonders(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn'twork,5.butsomehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.6.Havingvisited(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,I7.wasamazed(amaze)bytheco­existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears8.recording(record)everythingIdiscovered.The9.remarkable(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,10.means(mean)thereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合，同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时疼惜其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了这座城市的变更，并表示将来还会接着拍摄北京的风貌。1．考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市始终保持着细心建立的环城道路系统。依据上文的“FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums”可知，空处和上文保持一样，表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。2．考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着细心建立的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词充当定语，表示“细心建立的……”，和被修饰词“systemofringroads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。3．考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“aplace”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。4．考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；依据下文的“historicalbuildingsofthepast”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。5．考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个迥然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn'twork，”和空后“somehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊异于这里的新旧共存，惊异于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；依据时间状语“overthelast10years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Havingvisited。7．考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊异于这里的