2023年高考英语复习冲刺非谓语动词真题解析

102023高考英语复习冲刺非谓语动词真题解析一、 非谓语动词作状语〔一〕[学问要点]分词作状语，可表示缘由、时间、条件、结果、伴随状况和方式等等。现在分词与过去分词的区分：确定要结合分词的规律主语〔一般是句子的主语〕去理解它们的区分和推断用现在分词还是用过去分词。假设分词与其规律主语存在规律上的主谓关系，就用现在分词；假设存在被动关系，则用过去分词。3．分词作状语一般要和它的规律主语保持全都，但是有一些固定的分词短语却可以不和其generallyspeaking,considering…,given…,judgingfrom…等等。4完成式和完成时态的含义相像，表示动作先于谓语动词发生。[试题赏析]Themanager, itcleartousthathedidn’tagreewithus,leftthemeetingroom.whohasmade B.havingmade C.made D.makingThestormleft, alotofdamagetothisarea.caused B.tohavecaused C.tocause D.havingcaused fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.Beingseparated B.Havingseparated C.Havingbeenseparated D.Tobeseparated析：这几题都是考察现在分词的完成式作状语。例1选BA，A的考生没有从时态上去认真分析。假设要使选项Awhohadmade。现在分词的完成式此处作时间状语，相当于afterhehadmadeitcleartous…，而不能whohadmadeitclear…。2Dafterithaddonealotofdamagetothisarea3Cformillionsofyears去分析。此处分词短语可改为Asithasseparatedfromothercontinentsformillionsofyear。“Youcan’tcatchme!”Janetshouted, away.run B.running C.torun D.ranOilpriceshaverisenby32%sincethestartofthisyear, arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.havereached B.reaching C.toreach D.tobereachingDaddydidn’tmindwhatweweredoing,aslongasweweretogether, fun.had B.have C.tohave D.havingMoreandmorepeoplearesigningforYogaclassesnowadays, advantageofhealthandrelaxationbenefits.taking B.taken C.havingtaken D.havingbeentaken4B。runningaway作伴随状语，原句可改为：…Janetshoutedandranaway.5B6D。7A。Whilewatchingtelevision, .thedoorbellrang B.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellring D.wehearddoorbellringsC。watchingtelevisionwe。 inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.Dressed B.Todress C.Dressing D.Havingdressed inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.Havinglost B.Lost C.Beinglost D.Losing inuseinApril2023,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.Put B.Putting C.Havingput D.Beingput39ADressedinawhiteuniform=Whenhesdnae。例0选tnesrak=theyhadbeenlostinthemountainsforawee11APutinuseinApril2023=WhenitwasputinuseinApril2023。〔二〕[学问要点]不定式可作目的状语，通常在其前面加上短语nro/os，其否认形式不行tonotsoasnotto/inordernotto来表示。例如：Igotupearlyinordernottomisstheearlybustheotherday.不定式可作结果状语。留意其和现在分词作结果状语的区分：不定式表示出人意料的、偶然的结果，而现在分词表示符合规律的、必定发生的结果。例如：Ithasbeenrainingnonstopforoneweeksofar,completelyruiningmyholiday.Shehurriedtotheairport,onlytofindthattheplanehadtakenoff.[试题赏析]–Cantheprojectbefinishedasplanned.--Sure, itcompletedintime,we’llworktwomorehoursaday.havinggot B.toget C.getting D.getItwasunbelievablethatfanswaitedoutsidethegymforthreehoursjust lookatthesportsstars.had B.having C.tohave D.haveAllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately intimeforChristmas.inordertohavereceived B.inordertoreceiveC.soastobereceived D.soastobereceiving析：这几题都考察不定式作目的状语。例12B1314C。礼物是被收到，因此不定式要用被动式。二、 非谓语动词作主语、宾语[学问要点]不定式与-ingform均可作主语，有时可通用。谈论一般性的活动时往往用-ingform，谈论一个特定的动作，多用不定式。例如：Toseeistobelieve.(=Seeingisbelieving.)Itwasdifficulttosellmyoldcar.Sellinginsurance〔保险〕isaboringjob.接不定式作宾语的常见动词有：agree,afford,appear,ask,begin,choose,decide,,,,,,,,,,,,form作宾语的常见动词有：appreciate,avoid,consider,dislike,enjoy,escape,face,feellike,finish,giveup,can’thelpimagine,mind,miss,practise,putoff,risk,suggest,understand等。有些动词之后既可接不定式也可接-ingform，但是含义不同。接不定式表示动作发生-ingformremember,forget,stop,goon,regret等。gm,,hate,prefer等。[试题赏析]Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk thegoodopportunity.tolose B.losing C.tobelost D.beinglostIt’snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview. theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.Tohavehad B.Havinghad C.Have D.HavingWhenaskedbythepolice,hesaidthatheremembered atparty,butnot .WhentelephoningLondonnumbersWhentelephoningLondonnumbersfromabroad,dial1,not01.从外国往伦敦打，析15C。risk后面接-ingform16D。Havingtheanswersready充当主A17C。rememberdoingsth.表示记得过去做过某事，remembertodosth.表示记得要去做某事。三、连词之后加分词[学问要点]分词短语常常可以用在一些介词或连词如after,before,since,when,while,whenever,once,until,on之后，例如：AftertalkingtoyouIalwaysfeelbetter.跟您谈谈之后，我总是觉得好一些。101。Oncedeprivedofoxygen,thebraindies. 一旦缺氧，脑子就死了。Leaveinovenuntilcookedtolightbrowncolor. 放在烤炉里烤成焦黄色为止。[试题赏析]When help,oneoftensays“Thankyou.”Or“It’skindofyou.”offering B.tooffer C.tobeoffered D.offered析D。when后面直接接过去分词，相当于一个省略了的状语从句：Whenoneisofferedhelp。四、非谓语动词作补语[学问要点]1．分词作宾补，其前面的宾语就是分词的规律主语，现在分词表示主动的、正在进展的动作，过去分词表示被动的、完成的动作。具有这种用法的谓语动词多为表示感觉的动词如：find,see,hear,smell,watch,notice,lookat,listento等。另外，有些使役动词如：have,set,get,catch,keep,leave,send等亦可如此使用。例如：Isawhimhittingthedogwithastick.Isawthenethauledin. 我观看网拉上来了。Isawthenetbeinghauledin. 我观看网正在拉上来。I’llhavemycarrepairedtomorrow.2．不定式作宾补可接动词原形作宾补的动词有：feel,see,hear,watch,notice,make,let,have,helpto要补起来。可接带o的不定式作宾补的动词有,,,,,,,want,order,wish等。有些动词如say,consider,think,suppose,believe,report等用在被动语态中，后面可接动词不定式。[试题赏析]–IsBobstillperforming?--I’mafraidnot.Heissaid thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.A.tohaveleft B.toleave C.tohavebeenleft D.tobeleft析A…Itissaidthathehasleftthestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.五、含非谓语动词的独立构造[学问要点]分词有其独立的规律主语，这种主语常常是名词或代词主格，置于现在分词之前，二者构成一种分词独立构造。例如：Weatherpermitting,wewillgocampingtomorrow. [表条件]Theriverhavingriseninthenight,thecrossingwasimpossible. [表缘由]Allthethingsbought,shewentbackhome. [表时间]Shegazed,herhandsclaspedtoherbreast. [表伴随状况]当分词短语表示伴随状况的时候，其主语常常用with来引导，构成“with+复合宾语”的构造。例如：Acarroaredpastwithsmokepouringfromtheexhaust.一辆小汽车呼地开了过去，排气管冒出一团团黑烟。独立主格构造有时由独立主格+动词不定式构成。不定式可表示将要发生的动作。请比较：Allthesegiftstobuy,Tomhurriedtotheshoppingcenter.Allthesegiftsbought,Tomlefttheshoppingcenterimmediately.[试题赏析]Isendyoul00dollarstoday,therest inayear.A.follows B.followed C.tofollow D.beingfollowed析Csendyou100dollarsandtherestwillfollowinayear.六、结合句型考察非谓语动词[学问要点]1．祈使句+从句。主句为祈使句，从句一般是条件、时间状语从句。从句用现在时，主句Don’t+动词原形。Don’tbringherbackunlesssheinsistsoncomingback.Callmeupassoonasyouarrive.2．祈使句+and/or+主句。这种句型中的祈使句相当于一个条件从句，用and连接，or连接，那么祈使句相当于一个否认的条件从句。例如：Hurryuporyou’llbelateforthemeeting.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbelateforthemeeting.Workhardandyourdreamwillcometrue.=Ifyouworkhard,yourdreamwillcometrue.命题人利用一些含有非谓语动词的固定句型来考察非谓语动词。1〕Havesome/notrouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.做某事方面有/没有困难。Aseverybodyknewhim,Ihadnodifficultyfindinghishouse.2〕It’snogood/usedoingsth.做某事没有用。It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.3〕There’snopointindoingsth.做某事没有意义。Thereisnopointinarguingwithhim,forhewon’tchangehismind.[试题赏析]–WhatshouldIdowiththispassage?-- themainideaofeachparagraph.findingout B.Foundout C.Findout D.TofindoutAtlast,wefoundourselvesinapleasantparkwithtreesprovidingshadeand downtoeatourpicniclunch.sitting B.havingsat C.tosit D.sat21C22D。satdownfound构成并列的谓语动词。【实战演练】单项语法填空〔用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空〕Ittakessingle-useplasticbagshundredsofyears (take).【2023北京卷】Apieceofstone (find)onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives,knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.【2023北京卷】Technologicalinnovations, (combine)withgoodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.【2023江苏卷】Thespeedof6Gwillexceed125GB/s, (accountfor)anewgenerationofvirtualreality.【2023江苏卷】Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 (find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.【2023全国卷I】Theymakegreatgiftsandyou seethemmanytimes (decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.【2023II】Theyareeasy (care)forandmakegreatpresents.2023II】Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandseto