2022年陕西省渭南市澄城县高一下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题

澄城县2021～2022学年度第二学期期末教学质量检测高一英语注意事项：1.本试卷共10页，满分150分，时间120分钟；2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和准考证号填写在答题卡上；3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效；4.考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理；试题不回收。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列四篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGetreadytohaveatasteofEnglishhumourandlaughasyoureadthebestjokesinthistext.HuntingDisasterAmanwasonahuntingtripwithhisfriendwhenthefriendsuddenlyfelltothegroundandstoppedbreathing.Hecrazilycalled911andscreamedtotheoperator,“Myfriendisdead!WhatshouldIdo?”Theoperatortriedtocalmhimdown.“ItwillbeOK.Icantalkyouthroughthis.First,weneedtomakesurehe’sdead.“Finallyinthesilence,theoperatorheardashot(开枪)fired.“OK.Myfriendisdead.Whatnext?”themanasked.TheOriginofManAlittlegirlwaswonderingwherehumanscamefrom.Sheaskedhermom,andhermomgaveherareligiousexplanation,tellingherhowGodcreatedAdamandEve.Sheaskedherdad,andherdadtoldherthathumanscamefrommonkeys.Thelittlegirlwasveryconfused,sosheaskedhermom.“WhydidyoutellmethathumanscamefromGodanddadtoldmethathumanscamefrommonkeys?”Hermomjoked,“Well,IwastellingyoufromtheGod’ssidebecauseIcamefromGod.Yourdadwastellingyoufromthemonkeys’sidebecausehecamefrommonkeys.”CulturalDifferencesATexanmeetsanIvyLeaguegraduateatapartyandasks,“Whereareyoufrom?”TheIvyLeaguegraduatesresponds,“I’mfromaplacewherewedon’tendoursentencesinprepositions(介词).”TheTexanthinksaboutthisforamomentandthensays,“OK.Whereareyoufrom,Jerk?”1.HowdidthehunterfinallymakesurethathisfriendwasdeadinHuntingDisaster?A.Hefiredhisgunathisfriend. B.Hecheckedhisfriend’sbreath.C.Hecalledadoctortocheckhisfriend. D.Hethrewhisfriendtotheground.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutthemotherfromherreplyinTheOriginofMan?A.Shewasjustjoking. B.Shewantedtodefendherhusband.C.Shewasangrywithherhusband’sanswer. D.Shegaveascientificexplanationtoherdaughters.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroducethebestmovies. B.TotellsomefunnyEnglishjokes.C.ToadvertisesomeEnglishbooks. D.Tolistthemostattractiveplacesonearth.【答案】1.A2.A3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了三个有趣的英语笑话。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Finallyinthesilence,theoperatorheardashotfired.(最后，在一片寂静中，接线员听到一声枪响)”可知，猎人向他的朋友开了枪来确定他的朋友死了。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Hermomjoked,“Well,IwastellingyoufromtheGod’ssidebecauseIcamefromGod.Yourdadwastellingyoufromthemonkeys’sidebecausehecamefrommonkeys.”(她的妈妈开玩笑说：“嗯，我是从上帝的角度告诉你的，因为我来自上帝。你爸爸从猴子的角度告诉你，因为他来自猴子。”)”可知，TheOriginofMan中母亲的回答是在开玩笑。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“GetreadytohaveatasteofEnglishhumourandlaughasyoureadthebestjokesinthistext.(准备好品尝英式幽默吧，当你读到这篇文章中最有趣的笑话时，请放声大笑)”可知文章的目的是为了讲一些有趣的英语笑话。故选B。B“It’snevertoolatetostartsomethingnew”.Havinghadalongcareerinhealthcareandacademicachievement,MagiSquefoundthisadvicetotallyinspiringasthisisexactlywhatMagiRoseisallabout!Whenshewas17MagiSque—whothenwentbythenameofRosie—hadthebeginningsofadream.OnSaturdayssheworkedintheCalypsoclothingfactoryinOchoRios,Jamaica,andaftereachshiftshehandedher£5wagetohermother.ShewassavingforherpassagetoEngland,whereshehopedtobecomeanurse.Aftereightyears,SquemovedtoCanadawithheryoungdaughter.ThereSquecompletedadegreeinnursingatSurreyUniversity.Sheearnedthemasterscertificate,too.Atatalkonorgandonation,shekneworgandonorscansavethelivesofuptoeightpeople.Shebecameanexpert,developingatheoryof“dissonantloss”—theneedfordonorfamiliestosolvetheimbalancebetweenalovedonebeingclinically(临床上)braindeadandlookingnormalbeforetheycanagreetodonation.ForfivedecadesSquepracticed,studiedandtaughtnursing,eventuallybecomingaprofessoratWolver-hamptonUniversity,allthewhilenudgingherdreamsofbeingafashiondesignerfurtherintothefuture.Asshecametoher70thbirthday,shebegantothink:“Ohno,notanotherpapertoread,notanotherarticletocorrect.”Andthensheheardherselfsay:“It’stimetomoveon.”Shetriedoutforaweekendcourseforstartupsand,in2019,daysbeforesheturned72,SquesetupMagiRose—“special,funtowear,fordowntimeandholidays”.4.HowdidMagiSquegetthemoneytorealizeherdream?A.Beingsupportedbyherfamily. B.Workingparttimeonherown.C.GoingtoTorontotoearnmoney. D.Workingonorgandonation.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMagi’sachievementinorgandonation?A.Ordinary. B.Traditional. C.Effective. D.Useless.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nudging”meaninParagraph4?A.Pushing. B.Forcing. C.Dividing. D.Changing.7.WhatcanwelearnfromMagiSque’sstory?A.Lovebreaksdownbarriers. B.Educationisthekeytosuccess.C.Oneshouldfollowsuittosucceed. D.There’snoendtopursuingone’sdream.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在医疗保健和学术成就方面有着长期职业生涯的MagiSque用自己的经历告诉我们：开始新事物永远不晚。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“OnSaturdayssheworkedintheCalypsoclothingfactoryinOchoRios,Jamaica,andaftereachshiftshehandedher£5wagetohermother.ShewassavingforherpassagetoEngland,whereshehopedtobecomeanurse.(星期六，她在牙买加奥乔里奥斯的卡利普索服装厂工作，每次轮班后，她都把5英镑的工资交给母亲。她正在攒钱准备去英国，希望在那里成为一名护士)”可知，MagiSque通过自己兼职挣钱来实现梦想。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Havinghadalongcareerinhealthcareandacademicachievement,MagiSquefoundthisadvicetotallyinspiringasthisisexactlywhatMagiRoseisallabout!(在医疗保健和学术成就方面有着长期的职业生涯，MagiSque发现这个建议非常鼓舞人心，因为这正是MagiRose的全部！)”以及第三段“Shebecameanexpert,developingatheoryof“dissonantloss”—theneedfordonorfamiliestosolvetheimbalancebetweenalovedonebeingclinically(临床上)braindeadandlookingnormalbeforetheycanagreetodonation.(她成为了一名专家，发展了一种“不和谐损失”理论，即在同意捐献之前，捐赠者家庭需要解决所爱的人临床上脑死亡与看起来正常之间的不平衡)”可知，Magi在器官捐献方面的成就很瞩目，由此可推知她的器官捐献理论是有效的。故选C项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“ForfivedecadesSquepracticed,studiedandtaughtnursing,eventuallybecomingaprofessoratWolver-hamptonUniversity,allthewhilenudgingherdreamsofbeingafashiondesignerfurtherintothefuture.(50年来，Sque一直从事护理工作，学习和教学，最终成为了沃尔弗·汉普顿大学的一名教授，同时nudging她未来成为一名时装设计师的梦想)”以及第五段“Asshecametoher70thbirthday,shebegantothink:“Ohno,notanotherpapertoread,notanotherarticletocorrect.”Andthensheheardherselfsay:“It’stimetomoveon.”(当她70岁生日时，她开始思考：“哦，不，不要再读一篇论文，也不要再修改一篇文章。”然后她听到自己说：“是时候继续生活了。”)”可知，MagiSque最终成为沃尔弗·汉普顿大学的一名教授，这推动着她开始追逐自己成为时装设计师的梦想，推测划线单词表示“推动”，与pushing同义。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段““It’snevertoolatetostartsomethingnew”.Havinghadalongcareerinhealthcareandacademicachievement,MagiSquefoundthisadvicetotallyinspiringasthisisexactlywhatMagiRoseisallabout!(“开始新事物永远不晚”。在医疗保健和学术成就方面有着长期的职业生涯，MagiSque发现这个建议非常鼓舞人心，因为这正是MagiRose的全部！)”可知，MagiSque一直在追求自己的梦想，她的故事告诉我们追求梦想没有终点。故选D项CSignlanguage,theprimaryformofcommunicationofthedeafcommunity,hasbeeninuseforhundredsofyears.You'reprobablymostfamiliarwithAmericanSignLanguage,butsignlanguageisusedallovertheworldandhasnearly150variations.Signlanguageinterpreterscanbeseeneverywherefromclassroomsandgraduationceremoniestomajorsportingevents.Whenyouthinkofsignlanguage,youmostlikelyimaginesignersusingtheirhandstoformwordsandletters.However,handsareonlyoneofthemanydifferentbodylanguagetechniquesthatsignersusetogettheirmeaningacross.Infact,muchofthegrammaticalstructureofsignlanguageisnotindicatedbythesigner'shands.Whilethehandsareresponsibleforformingthewordsthemselves,markerscalled"non-manualelements"controlmuchofthelanguages'grammaticalstructure.Non-manualelements(ormarkers)arebodylanguagetechniquesthatdon'tusethehands.Theseincludeheadmovements,bodypositioningandfacialexpressions.Usedtogetherwiththesigns.theseelementsgivesignlanguageasubtleandextremelycomplicatedgrammaticalstructure.LinguistAndreaLacknerfromAlpcn-AdriaUniversityinAustriadidastudythatshowsjusthowimportantthesenon-manualelementsaretosignlanguageusers.Thestudyassessedjusthowmanydifferentthingsnon-manualelementscando.Forthisstudy,allparticipantsweredeafusersofAustrianSignLanguage.Theywatchedavideoofsomeoneusingsignlanguage,andtheyhadtodescribethepurposeofeachnon-manualelement.Theresultswereverycomplicated.Forinstance,thingsassubtleasthedirectionofthesigner'sgazecanindicatewhetherornotastatementishypothetical(假设的).Asingleheadmovementcanindicatetheemotionofastatement,aconditionalorifsituation,orasigner'sfeelingstowardahypotheticalquestion.Bodylanguageisalwaysimportant,butinsignlanguage,itcanchangetheentiremeaningofasentence!8.Whatdosignersusetheirhandstodomostly?A.Toknowpeople'swordsandletters. B.Tounderstandpeople'smeanings.C.Toformthegrammaticalstructure. D.Toformwordsandletters.9.Whatdonon-manualelementsinclude?A.Words,signlanguageandbodylanguage.B.Headmovements,bodylanguageandsigns.C.Headmovements,bodypositioningandfacialexpressions.D.Bodypositioning,facialexpressionsandsigns.10.Whatdoesthestudyshowaboutsignlanguage?A.Themainfunctionofthenon-manualelements.B.Theimportanceofthenon-manualelements.C.Theinfluenceofbodylanguageonsignlanguage.D.Theinfluenceofsignlanguageonbodylanguage.11.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.Non-manualElementsCountsinSignLanguage B.WaystoAvoidBeingMisunderstoodC.GrammaticalElementsinSignLanguage D.TheImportanceofSignLanguage【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。手语是聋人交流的主要形式，已经使用了数百年。然而，手势只是手语者用来表达意思的多种肢体语言中的一种。事实上，手语的许多语法结构并不是通过手语来表达的。虽然手本身负责单词的形成，但被称为“非手动元素”的标记控制着大部分语言的语法结构。文章主要论述了非手工元素对手语使用者的重要性。8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Whenyouthinkofsignlanguage,youmostlikelyimaginesignersusingtheirhandstoformwordsandletters.可知当你想到手语时，你很可能会想到手语者用他们的手来组成单词和字母。由此可知，手语使用者用他们的手去组成单词和字母。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Non-manualelements(ormarkers)arebodylanguagetechniquesthatdon'tusethehands.Theseincludeheadmovements,bodypositioningandfacialexpressions.可知非手动元素（或标记）是不使用手的肢体语言技术。这些动作包括头部动作、身体姿势和面部表情。由此可知，非手动元素包括头部动作，身体姿势和面部表情。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中LinguistAndreaLacknerfromAlpcn-AdriaUniversityinAustriadidastudythatshowsjusthowimportantthesenon-manualelementsaretosignlanguageusers.可知来自奥地利alpcna-adria大学的语言学家AndreaLackner做了一项研究，表明了这些非手动元素对手语使用者的重要性。由此可知，关于手语的研究表明了非手动元素的重要性。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中LinguistAndreaLacknerfromAlpcn-AdriaUniversityinAustriadidastudythatshowsjusthowimportantthesenon-manualelementsaretosignlanguageusers.可知来自奥地利alpcna-adria大学的语言学家AndreaLackner做了一项研究，表明了这些非手动元素对手语使用者的重要性。以及最后一段中Bodylanguageisalwaysimportant,butinsignlanguage,itcanchangetheentiremeaningofasentence!可知肢体语言总是很重要，但在手语中，它可以改变整个句子的意思！结合文章说明了手语是聋人交流的主要形式，已经使用了数百年。然而，手势只是手语者用来表达意思的多种肢体语言中的一种。事实上，手语的许多语法结构并不是通过手语来表达的。虽然手本身负责单词的形成，但被称为“非手动元素”的标记控制着大部分语言的语法结构。文章主要论述了非手工元素对手语使用者的重要性。由此可知，A选项“非手动元素在手语中很重要”最符合文章标题。故选A。DWhenpeoplethinkoffarmingtoday,theyusuallypictureatractor(拖拉机)ratherthanhorsesinthefarmland.That’sbecausetractorsthatreliedonenginesrevolutionizedfarminginthelate1800s.Nowanewtypeoftractorcandothesameinthe21stcentury.Agriculturehasbeenchangingdramaticallyinthelastfewdecades.Thepushforinnovationisfedbytheneedtoproducelargeramountsoffoodforagrowingworldpopulation.Autonomoustractorsmaybethekeytosolvingthischallenge.Theycanbeusedtocarryoutlabor-intensive(劳动密集型)farmingwhileallowingfarmerstodootherwork.Abigplusisthatitcanincreasecropoutputwhilereducingcostsbecausetheautonomousmachinescanworkinallweatherconditionswithoutanyrest.Partofpushforautomationisashortageoffarmworkersduetopeople’sdesiretohavehigherpayingjobswithbetterworkconditions.FarmownersarecompetingagainstcompanieslikeAmazonandrestaurantsthatareraisingwagestoattractworkers.“Withlaborshortagesandtheincreaseinthehourlywagesthathavetobepaidinordertobecompetitive,allofasuddenautomationseemslikeamorereasonabledecision,”saidDavidSwartz,aprofessoratPennStateUniversity.Manybelievethetimeisripeforanautonomousrevolutionbecauseroboticsisalreadyinuseinagriculture.OnecompanythatisworkingtobringautonomoustractorsintomainstreamfarmingisBlueandWhiteRobotics,anIsraeliagriculturaltechnologycompany,whosemissionistomakeafullyautonomousfarm.ThecompanyreleasedanautonomoustractorkitinFebruary2021thatcanbefixedonanyexistingtractor.Thekitincludescameradetection,speedcontrols,aswellasananti-crashsystem.BlueandWhite’skitisbeingusedbyWestCoastgrowersintheUS.Itmaysooncometoafarmnearyou.12.WhatcontributestotheagriculturalrevolutionaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Theurgetofeedmorepeople.B.Theextremeweatherconditions.C.Theneedtoreducefarmingcost.D.Thedesireforautomaticfarming.13.WhatisSwartz’sattitudetoautomation?A.Critical. B.Negative. C.Supportive. D.Tolerant.14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutBlueandWhite’skit?A.Ithasbeenwidelyused.B.Itcanbemadeinmanyfirms.C.Itcanimprovesafetyoftractors.D.Itwilldetectthewayoffarming.15.Whatmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AutomationIsTransformingAgricultureB.BigCompaniesAreMakingADifferenceC.DriverlessTractorsAreWorthInvestingD.TraditionalFarmingIsFallingoutofDate【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述自动化在农业中的应用，并改变了农业。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Agriculturehasbeenchangingdramaticallyinthelastfewdecades.Thepushforinnovationisfedbytheneedtoproducelargeramountsoffoodforagrowingworldpopulation.(农业在过去几十年里发生了巨大的变化。为不断增长的世界人口生产更多粮食的需求推动了创新)”可推知，因为世界人口的增长，需要生产更多的粮食来养活更多的人，这促成了农业革命，故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“‘Withlaborshortagesandtheincreaseinthehourlywagesthathavetobepaidinordertobecompetitive,allofasuddenautomationseemslikeamorereasonabledecision,’saidDavidSwartz,aprofessoratPennStateUniversity.(宾夕法尼亚州立大学教授DavidSwartz说：“随着劳动力短缺和为了保持竞争力而必须支付的小时工资的增加，突然之间，自动化似乎是一个更合理的决定”)”可知，DavidSwartz认为自动化是合理的决定。故推知DavidSwartz支持自动化，故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThecompanyreleasedanautonomoustractorkitinFebruary2021thatcanbefixedonanyexistingtractor.Thekitincludescameradetection,speedcontrols,aswellasananti-crashsystem.(该公司于2021年2月发布了一款自动拖拉机配套设备，可以固定在任何现有的拖拉机上。该设备包含摄像头检测、速度控制以及防撞系统)”可知，BlueandWhite’skit包含摄像头检测、速度控制以及防撞系统，由此推知BlueandWhite’skit能够提高拖拉机的安全性，故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Agriculturehasbeenchangingdramaticallyinthelastfewdecades.(在过去的几十年里，农业发生了巨大的变化)”及第三段“‘Withlaborshortagesandtheincreaseinthehourlywagesthathavetobepaidinordertobecompetitive,allofasuddenautomationseemslikeamorereasonabledecision,’saidDavidSwartz,aprofessoratPennStateUniversity.(宾夕法尼亚州立大学教授DavidSwartz说：“随着劳动力短缺和为了保持竞争力而必须支付的小时工资的增加，突然之间，自动化似乎是一个更合理的决定”)”可知，自动化正应用在农业中，并改变农业。所以文章的标题应是“AutomationIsTransformingAgriculture(自动化正在改变农业)”，故选A。第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HaveyoualwayswantedtovisitDisneyWorldorDisneylandbutwerewaitingfordifferentreasons?Thehappiestplaceonearthisn’tfaroutofreach.____16____.Disneygetsbadfameforraisingtheirticketpricesoften.Throughoutmuchofthe2010s,Disneyraisedfeesatalmostdoubletherateofinflation(通货膨化),accordingtotheWallStreetJournal.____17____.InFebruary2020,Disneyland,inCalifornia,raisedpricesonitsone-dayparkticketsabout5percent.Thisisaratherlargepriceincreasebecauseit’sthefirsttimeDisneylandparkticketshavecrossed$200.WhenDisneyWorldopened,stayingattheBoraBoraBungalowscost$29pernight.Nowitcancostasmuchas$3,400!____18____?Disneyisn’thuntingformoney,withanetincomein2019of$10.44billion.Butherearesomereasons:____19____SinceWaltDisneyWorldopenedinOrlandoin1971,Disneyhasexpandedfasterandfaster,withnewparksandattractions,pullingaheadofthecompetitionandattractingdoublethevisitorsofitsclosestcompetitor.ToAttractWealthierCustomers____20____,withprivatetoursdinnerswithprincesses,andtheopeningofafive-starhotel.“Theyknowthatthemoneyisintheupperclass,thetop10percent,thetop1percent.”Nilessays.“They’vecreatedawidevarietyofnewproductstotry,and,honestly,earnmoremoneyfromtherichpeople.”A.TooccupythemarketB.HowdoesDisneybecomepopularC.SowhyaretheticketsgettingsoexpensiveD.ToearnmoremoneyfromdifferentpeopleE.However,itscontinuouslyrisingticketpricesmightmakeyoufrustratedF.DisneyhasalsoincreasinglyattractedpeoplewithmoremoneytospendG.Infact,bothU.S.parkshavealreadymadepriceincreasein2020【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.A20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了迪士尼乐园票价上涨的原因。【16题详解】上文“Thehappiestplaceonearthisn’tfaroutofreach.(世界上最幸福的地方并非遥不可及)”以及下文“Disneygetsbadfameforraisingtheirticketpricesoften.(迪斯尼因经常提高票价而名声不好)”可知，迪士尼乐园并非遥不可及，但是它的票价持续上涨，E项“然而，不断上涨的票价可能会让你感到沮丧”承上启下，符合题意。故选E。【17题详解】上文“Throughoutmuchofthe2010s,Disneyraisedfeesatalmostdoubletherateofinflation,accordingtotheWallStreetJournal.(据《华尔街日报》报道，在21世纪前十年的大部分时间里，迪士尼的上涨的费用几乎是通货膨化的两倍)”以及下文“InFebruary2020,Disneyland,inCalifornia,raisedpricesonitsone-dayparkticketsabout5percent.(2020年2月，加州迪斯尼乐园将其一日游公园门票的价格提高了约5%)”说明美国的迪士尼乐园在2022年初都涨价了，G项“事实上，美国的两个公园在2020年都已经涨价了”承上启下，符合题意。故选G。【18题详解】下文“Disneyisn’thuntingformoney,withanetincomein2019of$10.44billion.Butherearesomereasons(迪士尼并不是在寻找资金，2019年的净收入为104.4亿美元。但以下是一些原因)”说明要介绍迪士尼上涨票价的原因，C项“那么，为什么门票变得如此昂贵”提出问题，引出下文介绍原因，符合题意。故选C。【19题详解】下文“SinceWaltDisneyWorldopenedinOrlandoin1971,Disneyhasexpandedfasterandfaster,withnewparksandattractions,pullingaheadofthecompetitionandattractingdoublethevisitorsofitsclosestcompetitor.(自1971年沃尔特迪士尼世界在奥兰多开业以来，迪士尼的扩张速度越来越快，拥有了新的公园和景点，领先于竞争对手，吸引的游客数量是其最接近的竞争对手的两倍)”可知，迪士尼乐园票价上涨的原因之一是它领先于竞争对手，占领更大的市场，A项“为了占领市场”总括下文，符合题意。故选A。【20题详解】标题句“ToAttractWealthierCustomers(为了吸引更富有的顾客)”说明迪士尼乐园票价上涨是为了吸引更富有的顾客，F项中peoplewithmoremoneytospend是关键，F项“迪士尼也越来越吸引富有的人”承接上文，符合题意。故选F。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Aprofessorwasteachinghisclass.Allthestudentswerelisteningtohis____21____withgreatinterest.Buttherewasonestudentwhoseabsenceofmindshowedhewasinabadmood.Theprofessortooknoticeofthisstudentonthefirstday____22____didnotsayanything.Butwhenthis____23____foraweek,heasked,“Youare____24____inspiritsallthetime.Whatisthematter?Havesometrouble?”“Sir,that...”thestudentsaid.“...somethinghashappenedinmypast,____25____whichIremaintroubled.Idon’tknowwhattodo.”Theprofessorwasa(n)____26____goodperson.Hecalledthestudentathishouseintheevening.Whenthestudent____27____theprofessor’shouse,hewasgreetedwitha____28____welcome.Theprofessorwenttothekitchenandstartedmakinglemonadeforhisstudent.He____29____putmoresaltinthelemonade._____30_____thestudenthadatasteofit,hismouthbecamesour._____31_____this,theprofessorasked,“Didyounotlikethelemonade?”“No,sir,thisisnotthe_____32_____.Justalittlemoresaltinthedrink,”thestudentsaid.“Nowit’suseless.Iwillthrowitaway.”Theprofessor_____33_____hishandtogettheglassofdrinkfromthestudent.Butthestudentrefused,saying,“No,sir.Ifyouaddmore_____34_____,thetastewillbefine.”Uponhearingthis,theprofessorbecameseriousandsaid,“Youareright.That’swhatIwantto_____35_____.Justassaltcannotbetakenoutofthelemonade,thosebadexperiencesalsocannot_____36_____life.Addingmoresugarcanchangethetasteoflemonade.Ina(n)_____37_____way,sweetnesshastobedissolved(溶解)inlifetoforgetbadexperiences.Iwantyoutotakethesweetnessinyourlifeinto_____38_____now.”Tohisrelief,thestudent_____39_____himanddecidedfromthenonhewouldnotbetroubledbythe_____40_____.21.A.custom B.lecture C.measure D.campaign22.A.but B.and C.so D.or23.A.heldon B.livedon C.wenton D.movedon24.A.along B.away C.up D.down25.A.dueto B.insteadof C.atease D.inadvance26.A.hardly B.really C.finally D.luckily27.A.arrivedat B.searchedfor C.tookover D.escapedfrom28.A.rude B.patient C.cold D.warm29.A.purposely B.absolutely C.sadly D.gratefully30.A.Solongas B.Assoonas C.Asthough D.Evenif31.A.Tasting B.Searching C.Seeing D.Smelling32.A.deal B.amount C.benefit D.case33.A.reached B.removed C.released D.relaxed34.A.salt B.sugar C.oil D.wine35.A.sufferfrom B.getthrough C.getacross D.breakup36.A.beincludedin B.beseparatedfrom C.belookedfor D.besavedfrom37.A.strange B.natural C.original D.similar38.A.energy B.advice C.account D.effort39.A.confused B.warned C.understood D.rejected40.A.theory B.majority C.duty D.past【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.A28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.A34.B35.C36.B37.D38.C39.C40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位教授用柠檬水开导情绪低落的学生的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有的学生都饶有兴趣地听他的讲座。A.custom风俗；B.lecture讲座；C.measure测量；D.campaign运动。根据上文“Aprofessorwasteachinghisclass.”可知，此处表示学生们在听讲座。故选B项。【22题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：教授在第一天就注意到了这个学生，但什么也没说。A.but但是；B.and和；C.so所以；D.or或者。根据下文“Butwhenthis____3____foraweek,heasked”可知，第一天教授就注意到了学生，但是什么也没说。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，当这种情况持续了一个星期后，他问道：“你一直情绪低落。怎么了？有什么麻烦吗？”A.heldon坚持不懈；B.livedon以……为食；C.wenton持续；D.movedon继续前进。根据下文“foraweek”以及语境可知，此处表示这种情况持续了一个星期。故选C项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你一直情绪低落。A.along沿着；B.away在对方场地上比赛的；C.up向上的；D.down情绪低落的。根据上文“Buttherewasonestudentwhoseabsenceofmindshowedhewasinabadmood.”可知，学生一直情绪低落。故选D项。【25题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我的过去发生了一些事情，由于这些我一直很困扰。A.dueto由于；B.insteadof而不是；C.atease自由自在；D.inadvance提前。根据上文“somethinghashappenedinmypast,”以及语境可知，由于过去发生了一些事情，学生一直很困扰。故选A项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位教授真的是个好人。A.hardly几乎不；B.really真地；C.finally最后；D.luckily幸运的是。根据下文“Hecalledthestudentathishouseintheevening.”以及语境可知，看到学生情绪低落会想办法安慰，教授真的是个好人。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当学生到达教授家时，他受到了热烈的欢迎。A.arrivedat到达；B.searchedfor搜索；C.tookover接管；D.escapedfrom逃离。根据下文“hewasgreetedwitha8welcome.”可知，此处表示学生到达教授家。故选A项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当学生到达教授家时，他受到了热烈的欢迎。A.rude粗鲁的；B.patient有耐心的；C.cold冷的；D.warm温暖的。根据下文“Theprofessorwenttothekitchenandstartedmakinglemonadeforhisstudent.”可知，学生受到了热烈欢迎。故选D项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他故意在柠檬水中加盐。A.purposely故意地；B.absolutely绝对地；C.sadly伤心地；D.gratefully感激地。根据下文“Iwantyoutotakethesweetnessinyourlifeinto____18____now.”可知，教授故意在柠檬水中加了盐。故选A项。【30题详解】考查连词短语辨析。句意：这个学生一尝，嘴巴就酸了。A.Solongas只要；B.Assoonas一……就……；C.Asthough好像；D.Evenif即使。根据下文“thestudenthadatasteofit,hismouthbecamesour.”可知，此处表示学生一尝柠檬水，嘴巴就酸了，空处应用assoonas引导时间状语从句。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到这个，教授问道：“你不喜欢柠檬水吗？”A.Tasting品尝；B.Searching搜索；C.Seeing看到；D.Smelling闻到。根据上文“____10____thestudenthadatasteofit,hismouthbecamesour.”可知，此处表示教授看到学生的反应。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不，先生，不是这样的。A.deal交易；B.amount数量；C.benefit益处；D.case具体情况。根据下文“Justalittlemoresaltinthedrink,”可知，此处表示学生在解释具体的情况。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：教授伸手要从学生手中拿过那杯饮料。A.reached伸手；B.removed移开；C.released发布；D.relaxed放松。根据下文“hishandtogettheglassofdrinkfromthestudent.”可知，教授伸出手要拿到学生的那杯饮料。故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你再加些糖，味道就好了。A.salt盐；B.sugar糖；C.oil油；D.wine酒。根据下文“Addingmoresugarcanchangethetasteoflemonade.”可知，此处表示再加些糖，味道就好了。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这就是我想传达的。A.sufferfrom遭受；B.getthrough通过；C.getacross传达，使……理解；D.breakup分手。根据下文“Justassaltcannotbetakenoutofthelemonade,thosebadexperiencesalsocannot____16____life.Addingmoresugarcanchangethetasteoflemonade.”可知，学生说的正是教授想要传达给学生的。故选C项。【36题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：正如盐不能从柠檬水中去掉一样，那些不好的经历也不能从生活中分离出来。A.beincludedin被包含在；B.beseparatedfrom被分离；C.belookedfor被寻找；D.besavedfrom保存自。根据上文“Justassaltcannotbetakenoutofthelemonade,thosebadexperiencesalsocannot”可知，此处表示不好的经历不能从生活中分离出来。故选B项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同理，甜味必须在生活中溶解，才能忘记不好的经历。A.strange奇怪的；B.natural天然的；C.original原来的；D.similar类似的。根据上文“Addingmoresugarcanchangethetasteoflemonade.”可知，教授将柠檬水比作生活，inasimilarway表示“同样的道理”。故选D项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望你现在考虑到生活中的甜蜜。A.energy能源；B.advice建议；C.account说明，叙述；D.effort努力。根据上文“sweetnesshastobedissolved(溶解)inlifetoforgetbadexperiences.Iwantyoutotakethesweetnessinyourlifeinto”可知，教授希望学生考虑到生活中的甜蜜，takesth.intoaccount表示“考虑到某物”。故选C项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：让他松了一口气的是，这个学生理解了他，并决定从那时起不被过去困扰。A.confused使困惑；B.warned警告；C.understood理解；D.rejected拒绝。根据下文“decidedfromthenonhewouldnotbetroubledbythe____20____.”可知，学生理解了教授的意图。故选C项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：让他松了一口气的是，这个学生理解了他，并决定从那时起不被过去困扰。A.theory理论；B.majority大多数；C.duty责任；D.past过去。根据上文“somethinghashappenedinmypast,____5____whichIremaintroubled.”可知，此处表示学生决定不会被过去困扰。故选D项。第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Longjingtea,____41____hastoppedthelistofthetenmostfamousteasinChinawithitscolor,tasteandshape,____42____(name)afteritsregionofproduction—LongjingVillageofWestLake.Thegoodenvironmentandwaterresourcesaregoodforthe____43____(grow)ofthetea,confirming(证实)thesayingthat“Longjingteaisthe____44____(good)amongalloftheteasintheworld”.Thanks____45____EmperorQianlongoftheQingDynasty,theteahasearnedahighreputation.ItissaidthatEmperorQianlongvisitedamountainofLongjingVillageofWestLakeonhistravelsinHangzhou,andhesawsomeladiespickingtheteaat____46____footofthemountain.Hewassointerestedintheirmovementsthathedecidedtohaveagohimself.While____47____(pick)thetea,hereceivedthenewsofhismothersillness,sohecarelesslyputtheleavesinhispocketand____48____(leave)HangzhouforBeijing.Hevisitedhismotherimmediatelyupon____49____(he)arrivalinBeijing,andhismothersmeltthepleasantsmellofthetealeavesfromhispocketandwantedtohaveataste.Afterdrinkingacupoftea,shefoundherselfcomp