2022年江西省新余市高一下学期期末考试英语试题

新余市2021—2022学年度下学期期末质量检测高一英语试题考试时间：120分钟试卷总分：150分第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATherearemorethan35,000museumsintheUnitedStates—animpressivefigure,evenwhenconsideringthemassivesizeofthecountry.It’simpossibletovisitthemall,ofcourse,butyoucanprioritize(优先考虑)andconquerthemostimportantones.●TheArtInstituteofChicagoTheArtInstituteofChicago,foundedin1879,isoneoftheoldestandlargestartmuseumsintheUnitedStates.Itscollection,stewarded(统筹)by11curatorial(策展的)departments,isencyclopedic(百科全书般的)andincludesiconicworkssuchasGeorgesSeurat`sASundayonLaGrandeJatte,PabloPicasso’sTheOldGuitaristandGrantWood’sAmericanGothic.Address:111SMichiganAve,Chicago,IL60603Hours:Mon—Tue10:30am—5pm;Wed—Fri10:30am—8pm;Sat—Sun10:30am—5pm●TheFieldMuseumofNaturalHistoryTheFieldMuseumofNaturalHistoryisanaturalhistorymuseuminChicago,Illinois,andisoneofthelargestsuchmuseumsintheworld.Thediverse,high-qualitypermanentexhibitions,whichattractupto2millionvisitorsannually,rangefromtheearliestfossils(化石)topastandcurrentculturesfromaroundtheworldandinteractiveprogrammingdemonstratingtoday’surgentconservationneeds.Address:1400SLakeShoreDr,Chicago,IL60605Hours:Mon9am—5pm;Tue—WedClosed;Thu—Sun9am–5pm●TheMetropolitanMuseumofArtTheMetropolitanMuseumofArtofNewYorkCity,foundedin1870,isthelargestartmuseumintheUnitedStates.Itspermanentcollectioncontainsover2millionworks,dividedamong17curatorialdepartments.Themainbuildingisbyareaoneoftheworld’slargestartgalleries.Amuchsmallersecondlocationcontainsanextensivecollectionofart,architectureandartifactsfrommedieval(中世纪的)Europe.Address:10005thAve,NewYork,NY10028Hours:Mon—Thu10am—5:30pm;Fri—Sat10am—9pm;Sun10am—5:30pm●TheChildren`sMuseumofIndianapolisTheChildren’sMuseumofIndianapolisistheworld’slargestchildren’smuseum.Amongtheexhibitsareasimulated(模拟的)Cretaceousdinosaurhabitat,acarousel,asteamlocomotive(蒸汽机车)andtheglasssculptureFireworksofGlassTowerandCeiling.Themuseum`sfocusisfamilylearning;mostexhibitsaredesignedtobeinteractive,allowingchildrenandfamiliestoactivelyparticipate.Address:3000NMeridianSt,Indianapolis,IN46208Hours:Mon—Sun10am—5pm1.WhatcanvisitorsdointheArtInstituteofChicago?A.Observetheearliestfossils.B.Designbuildingmodels.C.AppreciatePicasso’sTheOldGuitarist.D.SeeFireworksofGlassTowerandCeiling.2.WhatdotheArtInstituteofChicagoandtheMetropolitanMuseumofArthaveincommon?A.BotharelocatedinChicago.B.Bothhaveahistoryofover200years.C.Bothfeaturemodernandfuturisticartworks.D.Botharemanagedbymorethan10curatorialdepartments.3.WhereshouldMrandMrsBrowngoiftheywanttospendadaywiththeirsonwholovesdinosaurs?A.TheArtInstituteofChicago. B.TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.C.TheFieldMuseumofNaturalHistory. D.TheChildren’sMuseumofIndianapolis.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国的一些博物馆以及其地址与开放时间等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。通过文章“TheArtInstituteofChicago”部分中的“includesiconicworkssuchasGeorgesSeurat’sASundayonLaGrandeJatte,PabloPicasso’sTheOldGuitaristandGrantWood’sAmericanGothic(里面有GeorgesSeurat的ASundayonLaGrandeJatte，PabloPicasso的TheOldGuitarist和GrantWood的AmericanGothic等标志性作品)”可知，theArtInstituteofChicago的参观者可以在里面欣赏Picasso的作品——TheOldGuitarist。故选C项。【2题详解】推理判断题。通过文章“TheArtInstituteofChicago”部分中的“Itscollection,stewardedby11curatorialdepartments(它的藏品由11个策展部门统筹管理)”以及“TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt”部分中的“dividedamong17curatorialdepartments(被分配到17个策展部门)”可推知，theArtInstituteofChicago和theMetropolitanMuseumofArt的共同点是二者的藏品都由10多个策展部门管理。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。通过文章“TheChildren’sMuseumofIndianapolis”部分中的“AmongtheexhibitsareasimulatedCretaceousdinosaurhabitat(展品中有一个模拟的白垩纪恐龙栖息地)”可知，该博物馆中有一个模拟的白垩纪恐龙栖息地，从而推知，如果布朗夫妇想和热爱恐龙的儿子共度一天，他们应该去TheChildren’sMuseumofIndianapolis。故选D项。BRidingabikeandoftenwearingabluehat,JohnButler,an84-year-oldformerfarmerfromDerbyshire,England,hasbecomeaspiritual(精的)guidetoagrowingnumberofdevotedfans.Butler,anearlysupporteroforganicfarming,isalong-timefollowerofmeditation(冥想).Aspartofhisspiritualjourney,hebeganrecordinginspiringmessagesinthehopeofsharingthelessonshe’dlearnedwithothers.Thepeacefulspeaking,calmingpresence,andavoicelikeawarmglassofmilk,inwhichButlerdeliveredhisplainviewoflifeonline,soonstruckachord(引起共鸣)witharisingnumberofpeoplestrugglingtofreethemselvesfromtheday-to-dayanxiety.Butlerbecamefamousina2016BBCinterview.Aftertheinterview,hewaspickedoutbymembersoftheAutonomousSensoryMeridianResponse(ASMR)communityassomeoneworthattentionnotjustforwhathesaid,butforthewayinwhichhesaidit.Sincethen,thissenior’spopularityhasgrown.Havingalwaysstandingoffinacornerbyhimselfinsociety,Butlerwasmuchmoresurprisedbyhispopularitythananyoneelse.Beforehisongoingvideoproject,ButlersaidhehadneverheardofYouTubeandhadlittleknowledgeoftheInternet.ButButlerfeelsluckytobeabletoprovideagoodinfluenceforpeoplejustdoingtheirbesttodealwithmodern—daylife.“Somanypeoplehavethisproblem,andbecausetheynaturallyseeksomesortofbalance,theylookforrestorpeace,don’tthey?”ButlertoldtheBBC.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutButlerfromParagraph2?A.Heisatourguidewithmanyfans.B.Heenjoysthinkingcarefullyanddeeply.C.HeisanexpertonorganicfarmingD.HetriestobefamousontheInternet.5.WhatmadeButlersopopular?A.Hisinspiringexampleofcourage.B.Hispeacefulwayoflife.C.Hispresenceinaninterview.D.Hiswayofdeliveringopinionsonlife.6.WhywasButlersurprisedathispopularity?A.Hedidn’tenjoybeingwithothers.B.Hedidn’tshowvideosonYouTube.C.ManypeoplewerestrugglingwitD.Manypeoplewereuninterestedinhisvideoproject.7.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.AfarmerbecomesastarontheInternetB.ThewisdomofanoldmanC.Butler’sroadtosuccessD.Dealwithproblemsinlifepeacefully【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英格兰德比郡约翰·巴特勒因为他平静的生活方式在互联网上出名，成为一名精神领袖，拥有越来越多的粉丝。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Butler,anearlysupporteroforganicfarming,isalong-timefollowerofmeditation(冥想).Aspartofhisspiritualjourney,hebeganrecordinginspiringmessagesinthehopeofsharingthelessonshe’dlearnedwithothers.(巴特勒是有机农业的早期支持者，也是冥想的长期追随者。作为他心灵之旅的一部分，他开始记录鼓舞人心的信息，希望与他人分享他学到的经验教训。)”可推断，他喜欢仔细而深入地思考。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thepeacefulspeaking,calmingpresence,andavoicelikeawarmglassofmilk,inwhichButlerdeliveredhisplainviewoflifeonline,soonstruckachord(引起共鸣)witharisingnumberofpeoplestrugglingtofreethemselvesfromtheday-to-dayanxiety.(巴特勒在网上以平和的口吻、平静的神态、像一杯热牛奶一样的声音讲述了他对生活的平淡看法，很快就引起了越来越多努力摆脱日常焦虑的人的共鸣。)”以及第四段“Aftertheinterview,hewaspickedoutbymembersoftheAutonomousSensoryMeridianResponse(ASMR)communityassomeoneworthattentionnotjustforwhathesaid,butforthewayinwhichhesaidit.(采访结束后，他被ASMR团体的成员选为值得关注的人，不仅因为他说了什么，还因为他说话的方式。)”可推断，他受欢迎的原因是他表达对生活看法的方式。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Havingalwaysstandingoffinacornerbyhimselfinsociety,Butlerwasmuchmoresurprisedbyhispopularitythananyoneelse.(因为巴特勒在社会上总是独来独往，他比任何人都更惊讶于自己的受欢迎程度。)”可知，他对自己这么受欢迎感到惊讶是因为他不喜欢和别人待在一起。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Ridingabikeandoftenwearingabluehat,JohnButler,an84-year-oldformerfarmerfromDerbyshire,England,hasbecomeaspiritual(精的)guidetoagrowingnumberofdevotedfans.(来自英国德比郡的84岁农民约翰·巴特勒骑着自行车，经常戴着一顶蓝色的帽子，他已经成为越来越多忠实粉丝的精神导师。)”可知，文章主要介绍了来自德比郡的84岁农民成为越来越多忠实粉丝的精神导师。以及第四段“Butlerbecamefamousina2016BBCinterview.(2016年，巴特勒在接受BBC采访时成名。)”可知，他开始成名。所以最佳标题是A“AfarmerbecomesastarontheInternet(一个农民成为网络明星)”。故选A。CUsingaraisedeyebroworsmile,peoplewithspeechorphysicaldisabilitiescannowoperatetheirAndroid-poweredsmartphoneswithoutusingtheirhands,GooglesaidonThursday.Twonewtoolsputmachinelearningandfront-facingcamerasonsmartphonestowork,identifyingfaceandeyemovements.Userscanlookattheirphonescreensandselectataskbysmiling,raisingeyebrows,openingtheirmouths,orlookingtotheleft,rightorup.TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionstatesthat61millionadultsintheUnitedStateslivewithdisabilities,whichhaspushedGoogle,AppleandMicrosofttomakeproductsandservicesmoreaccessibletothem.“Everyday,peopleusevoiceinstructions,like‘HeyGoogle’,ortheirhandstooperatetheirphones,”thetechgiantGooglesaidinablogpost.“However,that’snotalwayspossibleforpeoplewithseriousphysicalorspeechdisabilities.”Thechangesaretheresultoftwonewfeatures:Oneiscalled“CameraSwitches”,whichletspeopleusetheirfacesinsteadoftapstointeractwithsmartphones.TheotherisProjectActivate,anewAndroidapplicationwhichallowspeopletousethosegesturestostartanaction,likehavingaphoneplayarecordedphrase,sendtext,ormakeacall.ThefreeActivateappisavailableinAustralia,Britain,CanadaandtheUnitedStatesattheGooglePlayStore.Apple,GoogleandMicrosofthavekeptrollingoutinventionsthatmakeInternettechnologymoreaccessibletopeoplewithdisabilitiesorwhofindthatagehasmadesometasks,suchasreading,moredifficult.Voice-instructeddigitalassistantsbuiltintospeakersandsmartphonescanenablepeoplewithsightormovementchallengestotellcomputerswhattodo.Thereissoftwarethatidentifiestextonwebpagesorinimagesandthenreadsitaloud,aswellasautomaticgenerationofcaptionsthatdisplaywhatissaidinvideos.Applebuilt“AssistiveTouch”intothesoftwarepoweringitssmartwatches.Itletstouchscreendisplaysbecontrolledbysensingmovementssuchasfingerpinchesorhandclenches.8.Whatisthemainroleofthetwonewtools?A.Takingsharperphotographswithaphone. B.Usingsmartphoneswithfacegestures.C.Curingpeople’sspeechorphysicaldisabilities. D.Increasingthefunofplayingwithsmartphones.9.WhatdoweknowabouttheProjectActivateapp?A.It’ssoldatahighprice. B.It’smainlyusedtosendtexts.C.It’sinstructedbyvoice. D.It’sbeingusedinafewcountries.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“rollingout”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Pickingout. B.Referringto. C.Bringingout. D.Reactingto.11.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.TopromoteAndroid-poweredsmartphones.B.Toencouragemoremovementssuitableforthedisabled.C.Toexplaintheproblemsdisabledsmartphoneusershave.D.Tointroducesomeotherinventionsbenefitingthedisabled.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了谷歌周四称，有语言或身体残疾的人现在可以通过扬起眉毛或微笑来操作他们的安卓智能手机，而不用用手。文章介绍了具体的工具使用方法以及其他一些有益于残疾人的发明。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Twonewtoolsputmachinelearningandfront-facingcamerasonsmartphonestowork,identifyingfaceandeyemovements.Userscanlookattheirphonescreensandselectataskbysmiling,raisingeyebrows,openingtheirmouths,orlookingtotheleft,rightorup.(两种新工具让智能手机上的机器学习和前置摄像头发挥作用，识别面部和眼部运动。用户可以看着手机屏幕，通过微笑、扬起眉毛、张大嘴巴、向左、向右或向上看来选择任务)”可知，这两个新工具的主要作用是帮助用户使用带有面部表情的智能手机。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“ThefreeActivateappisavailableinAustralia,Britain,CanadaandtheUnitedStatesattheGooglePlayStore.(这款免费的Activate应用程序在澳大利亚、英国、加拿大和美国的谷歌PlayStore中都可以使用)”可知，Activate应用程序在一些国家被使用。故选D。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“inventionsthatmakeInternettechnologymoreaccessibletopeoplewithdisabilitiesorwhofindthatagehasmadesometasks,suchasreading,moredifficult”可知，苹果、谷歌和微软不断推出新发明，让残障人士或那些发现年龄使阅读等一些任务变得更困难的人更容易使用互联网技术。故画线词意思是“推出”。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Apple,GoogleandMicrosofthavekeptrollingoutinventionsthatmakeInternettechnologymoreaccessibletopeoplewithdisabilitiesorwhofindthatagehasmadesometasks,suchasreading,moredifficult.Voice-instructeddigitalassistantsbuiltintospeakersandsmartphonescanenablepeoplewithsightormovementchallengestotellcomputerswhattodo.Thereissoftwarethatidentifiestextonwebpagesorinimagesandthenreadsitaloud,aswellasautomaticgenerationofcaptionsthatdisplaywhatissaidinvideos.Applebuilt“AssistiveTouch”intothesoftwarepoweringitssmartwatches.Itletstouchscreendisplaysbecontrolledbysensingmovementssuchasfingerpinchesorhandclenches.(苹果、谷歌和微软不断推出新发明，让残障人士或那些发现年龄使阅读等一些任务变得更困难的人更容易使用互联网技术。内置在扬声器和智能手机中的语音指示数字助理可以让视力或行动有困难的人告诉电脑该做什么。有一种软件可以识别网页或图片中的文字，然后大声朗读，还可以自动生成字幕，显示视频中的内容。苹果将“AssistiveTouch”内置到支持其智能手表的软件中。它可以通过感应手指捏或握拳等动作来控制触摸屏显示)”可推知，作者写最后一段的目的是介绍其他一些有益于残疾人的发明。故选D。DIfMarswerethepopularkidinschool,Venus(金星)wouldbetheunwelcomeonesittinginthecorner,largelyignored.VenushasnearlythesamemassandsizeasEarth,butbeingclosertothesun,itgetsnearlytwiceasmuchheatfromthesun.However,insteadofhavingaclimatethatisjustawarmerversionofEarth’s,Venus’ssurfaceandatmosphereareunbearable:cloudsofsulphuricacid(硫酸)blankettheplanet,whileatgroundlevel,itishotenoughtomeltlead.Despitethis,thereisnowasignthatVenusmayharbourlife.JaneGreavesatCardiffUniversity,UK,andhercolleaguesrecentlydetected(发现)phosphine(磷化氢)inVenus’satmosphere,withonepotentialexplanationthatitistheby-productofbiology.ThatisbecausetheonlywaythisgasismadeonEarthisinlaboratoriesorbymicrobes(微生物).Thoughthisdoesn’tmeanitwasproducedbylifeonVenus,attemptstofindnon-biologicalexplanationsforitspresencehavesofarfailed.OurbestwayofconfirmingorrejectingthepossibilityoflifeonVenusistogoandhaveaproperlook.WhileMarshasbeenthefocusofinterplanetary(行星间的)explorationeffortslately,thephosphinediscoveryletspeoplelookatVenusinanewlight.AsNASAadministratorJimBridenstinetweeted:“It’stimetoprioritizeVenus.”Inthemonthsandyearstocome,computersimulations(模拟)willbeusedtofurtherstudythepossiblechemistriesoftheatmosphereonVenus.Morelaboratoryexperimentswillbeconductedtotrytoidentifyotherwaysthephosphinetherecouldbeproduced.However,thereisnoguaranteethattheseeffortswillrevealthetruenatureofthissubstanceonVenus.Anewly-proposedstrategyistodirectlysampletheatmosphereandsurfaceofVenus.Bydoingso,wewouldbeabletotakedirectmeasurementsofphosphine.ThediscoveryofphosphineinVenus’satmosphereisagreataccomplishment.Thescientificeffortsmaybejustwhatweneedtofinallyrefocusonthisneglectedworld.Possibly,thequietkidinthecornermaygetthelastlaugh12.WhichdescriptionaboutVenusisNOTtrue?A.Ithastheunbearablesurfaceandatmosphere.B.IthasnearlythesamemassasEarth.C.ItisalmostaslargeasEarth.D.IthasawarmerEarth-likeclimate.13.WhatcanthediscoveryofphosphineonVenusindicate?A.Thiskindofgasisverycommon. B.Theremightexistsignsoflife.C.Manyproductscanbemadewithit. D.Experimentswereonceconductedthere.14.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thenecessitytoanalysephosphine.B.ThepowerofcomputersimulationsC.Theimportanceofobservations.D.Theapproachestoexploringphosphine15.Whichcanbestdescribetheauthor’sattitudetotheexplorationofVenus?A.Casual B.Doubtful. C.Supportive. D.Unclear.【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对金星的探究。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“VenushasnearlythesamemassandsizeasEarth,butbeingclosertothesun,itgetsnearlytwiceasmuchheatfromthesun.(金星的质量和大小几乎与地球相同，但由于离太阳更近，它从太阳获得的热量几乎是地球的两倍。)”可知选项B“IthasnearlythesamemassasEarth(它的质量和地球相当)”以及选项C“ItisalmostaslargeasEarth.(它几乎和地球一样大)”是正确的；再根据第二段“However,insteadofhavingaclimatethatisjustawarmerversionofEarth’s,Venus’ssurfaceandatmosphereareunbearable:cloudsofsulphuricacid(硫酸)blankettheplanet,whileatgroundlevel,itishotenoughtomeltlead.(然而，金星的气候并不是地球的暖化版本，它的表面和大气层是令人难以忍受的:硫酸云覆盖着这个星球，而在地面，它的温度足以融化铅。)”可知，选项A“Ithastheunbearablesurfaceandatmosphere.(它的表面和气候令人难以忍受)”是正确的；而选项D“IthasawarmerEarth-likeclimate.(它有着类似地球的温暖气候。)”是错误的。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Despitethis,thereisnowasignthatVenusmayharbourlife.JaneGreavesatCardiffUniversity,UK,andhercolleaguesrecentlydetected(发现)phosphine(磷化氢)inVenus’satmosphere,withonepotentialexplanationthatitistheby-productofbiology.ThatisbecausetheonlywaythisgasismadeonEarthisinlaboratoriesorbymicrobes(微生物).Thoughthisdoesn’tmeanitwasproducedbylifeonVenus,attemptstofindnon-biologicalexplanationsforitspresencehavesofarfailed(尽管如此，现在有迹象表明金星可能存在生命。英国卡迪夫大学的简·格里夫斯和她的同事最近在金星的大气层中发现了磷化氢，有一种可能的解释是它是生物学的副产品。这是因为地球上产生这种气体的唯一途径是实验室或微生物。虽然这并不意味着它是由金星上的生命产生的，但迄今为止，为它的存在寻找非生物解释的尝试都失败了。)”可推断，在金星上发现磷化氢暗示了那里可能存在生命的迹象。故选B。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Inthemonthsandyearstocome,computersimulations(模拟)willbeusedtofurtherstudythepossiblechemistriesoftheatmosphereonVenus.Morelaboratoryexperimentswillbeconductedtotrytoidentifyotherwaysthephosphinetherecouldbeproduced.(在未来几个月或几年里，计算机模拟将被用来进一步研究金星大气层可能的化学成分。更多的实验室实验将进行，以试图确定其他方法可以生产磷化氢。)”可知，第三段主要介绍的是关于探索磷化氢的方法。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThediscoveryofphosphineinVenus’satmosphereisagreataccomplishment.Thescientificeffortsmaybejustwhatweneedtofinallyrefocusonthisneglectedworld.(在金星大气层中发现磷化氢是一项伟大的成就。科学的努力也许正是我们最终需要重新关注这个被忽视的世界的所需要的。)”可知，作者认为在金星大气层中发现磷化氢是一项重大的发现，因此可知，作者对于探索金星是抱有支持的态度的。选项A“Casual(随意的)”；选项B“Doubtful(怀疑的)”；选项C“Supportive(支持的)”；选项D“Unclear(不清晰的)”。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下而短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。YoumayhaveheardofNiagaraFalls,oneofthebiggestwaterfallsintheworld.ButdoyouknowabouttheNiagaraEscarpment（断崖）?___16___.Earlierthismonth,ourschoolwentonahikingtriptothisbeautifulplace.Theweatherwascold,cloudyandwindy,soweworemanylayerstostaywarm.Wewereseparatedintotwogroupsandwentondifferentroutes（路线）.Thewholeescarpmentis725kilometerslong.___17___.Myfavoritepartoftherouteswasthecave.Thecavewasformedfrommanydifferentshapedrocks.___18___.Weclimbeddownintotherockswiththehelpofourteachers.Therocksweresteepandslipperybecausetheywerecoveredwithwetleaves.Itwasfunandexcitingexperienceforallofus.___19___.Afterwalking5kmwithoutanyrest,wewerehungryandtired.Whenourteacherfinallysaidwecouldstoptohavelunch,wewerethrilled.Afterall,thisroutewasalittledifferentfromtheoneswewereusedto.Itwasmorerugged,withlotsofrocksonthepath,whichmadeithardertowalk.Butitwasgreatexercise.___20___,butremembertostaywarm,stayhydrated（保持体内水分）andhavefunalongtheway!A.HikingisveryinterestingB.WechosetheeasierroutetoclimbC.Wecovered8kminourfour-hourjourneyD.AnotherexcitingmomentwaslunchE.SomewerehugewhilesomeweresmallF.ItwasachallengingtaskindeedG.It'salong,steepslopethatrunsthroughtheUSandCanada【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.D20.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了一次在尼亚加拉悬崖徒步旅行的有趣经历。【16题详解】根据前文“ButdoyouknowabouttheNiagaraEscarpment（断崖）?”（但是你知道尼亚加拉悬崖吗?）可知，此处是介绍尼亚加拉悬崖的具体信息，所以选项G（这是一个又长又陡的斜坡，贯穿美国和加拿大）切合文意。故it指代上文的NiagaraEscarpment。故选G。【17题详解】根据前文“Thewholeescarpmentis725kilometerslong.”（整个陡坡有725公里长。）可知，此处是讲“我们”的旅程距离来突出由于坡度长导致旅行速度慢，距离短。所以选项C（我们在四小时的旅程中走了八公里）切合文意。故选C。【18题详解】根据前文“Thecavewasformedfrommanydifferentshapedrocks.”（这个洞是由许多形状不同的岩石形成的。）可知，此处描述洞里的岩石，所以选项E（有的很大，有的很小）是指这些岩石有大有小，所以切合文意。some指代上文的rocks。故选E。【19题详解】根据后文“Whenourteacherfinallysaidwecouldstoptohavelunch,wewerethrilled.”（当老师最后说我们可以停下来吃午饭时，我们都很兴奋。）可知，此处讲到“我们”在旅途中的午餐，所以选项D（另一个激动人心的时刻是午餐）切合文意，且和前文“Myfavoritepartoftherouteswasthecave.”（我最喜欢的路线是洞穴。）并列，讲述除了发现洞穴之外另一个激动人心的时刻。故选D。【20题详解】根据后文“butremembertostaywarm,stayhydrated（保持体内水分）andhavefunalongtheway!”（但是记住要保持温暖，保持水分，并在旅途中享受乐趣!）可知，此处是讲徒步旅行之后的感受。所以选项A（徒步旅行很有趣）切合文意。与后文为转折关系。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选可以填入空白处的最佳选项ZhangMengqiu,bornin2002,wontwogoldandthreesilvermedalsinallfiveeventsofthewomen’salpineskiingstandingattheWinterParalympicGames.She____21____viewersbystylingfivedifferenthairdosatawardceremoniesto____22____herconfidence,beauty,aswellasoptimismtowardslife.Zhang,whosufferedfromfunctionalmovementdisorderasaconsequenceofcerebralpalsy(脑瘫),was____23____toAlpineskiinginHebeipara-teamin2016.Zhang’s____24____speedwasslightlyslowerthanothersduetoher____25____disadvantage.Whenshefirsthittheslopes,Zhang____26____shewasaslowlearner.____27____,shedecidedtoputinextrahours____28____tomasterthesport’sskills,believingthat“therearenotmany____29____battlesonecanmeetinlife,soyouneedtosparenoeffortbeforethebattles.”Ayearlater,Zhangwasselectedtothenationalteam.With_____30_____andambition,shebeganto_____31_____atinternationalcompetitions,winningnumerousmajor_____32_____.Duringthecampaign_____33_____300millionpeopleinwintersportsinChina,Zhangimprovedrapidlyinrecentyears.“lamnotgoodat_____34_____butIhopethegoldcanletmorepeopleknowthateffortseventuallywillbeturnedinto_____35_____”Zhangsaid.21.A.conducted B.favoured C.informed D.surprised22.A.track B.process C.reveal D.permit23A.attached B.glued C.introduced D.devoted24.A.defence B.delivery C.procedure D.reaction25.A.intellectual B.mental C.physical D.emotional26.A.proved B.admitted C.declared D.signalled27.A.Thus B.Instead C.Besides D.Indeed28.A.instore B.incharge C.inpractice D.inturn29.A.appealing B.limited C.further D.significant30.A.talent B.determination C.appreciation D.wisdom31.A.shine B.belong C.quit D.explore32.A.credits B.titles C.affairs D.funds33.A.applying B.involving. C.locating D.benefiting34.A.commenting B.profiting C.expressing D.protesting35.A.trials B.rewards C.awards D.recipes【答案】21.D22.C23.C24.D25.A26.B27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.B33.B34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冬残奥高山滑雪运动员张梦秋。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖典礼上，她做了五种不同的发型，展现了她的自信、美丽和对生活的乐观，让观众很惊讶。A.conducted引导；B.favoured支持；C.informed告诉；D.surprised惊讶。根据“bystylingfivedifferenthairdosatawardceremoniesto____2____herconfidence,beauty,aswellasoptimismtowardslife.”可知，张梦秋在颁奖典礼上让观众很惊讶。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖典礼上，她做了五种不同的发型，展现了她的自信、美丽和对生活的乐观，让观众很惊讶。A.track追踪；B.process加工；C.reveal显示；D.permit允许。根据“bystylingfivedifferenthairdosatawardceremonies”可知，张梦秋做了五种不同的发型，展现了她的自信、美丽和对生活的乐观。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于脑瘫，张梦秋患有功能性运动障碍。2016年，张梦秋被介绍到河北省伞兵组参加高山滑雪比赛。A.attached附上；B.glued粘贴；C.introduced介绍；D.devoted致力于。根据“AlpineskiinginHebeipara-teamin2016.”可知，张梦秋被介绍参加高山滑雪比赛。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于智力上的劣势，她的反应速度比其他人稍慢。A.defence防御；B.delivery递送；C.procedure程序；D.reaction反应。根据“slightlyslowerthanothers”可知，张梦秋因为智力上的劣势，所以她的反应速度比其他人稍慢。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于智力上的劣势，她的反应速度比其他人稍慢。A.intellectual智力的；B.mental精神上的；C.physical物质的；D.emotional感情的。根据“Zhang,whosufferedfromfunctionalmovementdisorderasaconsequenceofcerebralpalsy(脑瘫),”可知，张梦秋因为患有脑瘫，所以智力上具有劣势。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她第一次滑上斜坡时，张梦秋承认自己学得很慢。A.proved证明；B.admitted承认；C.declared宣布；D.signalled发信号。根据“shewasaslowlearner.”可知，张梦秋承认自己学得很慢。故选B。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，她决定多花时间练习，掌握这项运动的技能，她认为“人生中没有多少重要的战斗，所以你需要在战斗前不遗余力。”A.Thus因此；B.Instead反而；C.Besides此外；D.Indeed的确。根据“Whenshefirsthittheslopes,Zhang____6____shewasaslowlearner.”可知，张梦秋因为学得慢，因此多练习。前后句之间为因果关系。故选A。【28题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，她决定多花时间练习，掌握这项运动的技能，她认为“人生中没有多少重要的战斗，所以你需要在战斗前不遗余力。”A.instore准备着；B.incharge负责；C.inpractice在实践中；在不断练习中；D.inturn轮流。根据“tomasterthesport’sskills,”可知，张梦秋花时间不断练习。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，她决定多花时间练习，掌握这项运动的技能，她认为“人生中没有多少重要的战斗，所以你需要在战斗前不遗余力。”A.appealing引起兴趣的；B.limited有限的；C.further更远的；D.significant重要的。根据“soyouneedtosparenoeffortbeforethebattles.”可知，张梦秋认为人生中没有多少重要的战斗。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭着决心和雄心，她开始在国际比赛中大放光芒，赢得了无数的重要的头衔。A.talent天才；B.determination决心；C.appreciation欣赏；D.wisdom智慧。根据“andambition”可知，张梦秋凭着决心和雄心，赢得了无数的冠军。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：凭着决心和雄心，她开始在国际比赛中大放光芒，赢得了无数的重要的头衔。A.shine照耀；使发光；B.belong属于；C.quit放弃；D.explore探索。根据“winningnumerousmajor____12____.”可知，张梦秋在国际比赛中大放光芒。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭着决心和雄心，她开始在国际比赛中大放光芒，赢得了无数的重要的头衔。A.credits信用；B.titles头衔；冠军；C.affairs事务；D.funds基金。根据“shebeganto____11____atinternationalcompetitions,”可知，张梦秋通过自己的努力，赢得了无数的重要的头衔。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这场涉及中国3亿人的冬季运动中，张梦秋近年来进步迅速。“A.applying申请；B.involving包含；涉及；C.locating坐落于；D.benefiting有益于。根据“300millionpeopleinwintersportsinChina,”以及常识可知，冰雪运动涉及中国3亿人参与其中。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不擅长表达，但我希望这枚金牌能让更多的人知道，努力最终会变成回报。A.commenting评论；B.profiting得益；C.expressing表达；D.protesting抗议。根据“butIhopethegoldcanletmorepeopleknowthateffortseventuallywillbeturnedinto____15____”可知，张梦秋不擅长表达。故选C。35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不擅长表达，但我希望这枚金牌能让更多的人知道，努力最终会变成回报。A.trials实验；B.rewards回报；C.awards奖品；D.recipes秘诀。根据“effortseventually”和常识可知，努力最终会变成回报。故选B。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Inthepastfewyears,morethanhalfofbookstoresinChinahavecloseddown,____36____istheresultofthe___37___(compete)fromonlinebookstores.ButthesuccessofSisypheBookstore,oneofthe____38____(big)privately-ownedbookstorechainsinChina,myaserve___39___agreatexample.____40____(found)in1993,Sisyphestartedtotransformandupgradeitsbusinessin2009toseekitsprofitability.Now,itnotonlydevotesitselfto___41___(sell)books,butcombinesthefunctionsofbookstore,caféandsaleof____42____(create)culturalproducts.Sisypheopensitsbookstoresinshoppingmallsinordertotakeadvantageofthelargenumberofconsumersofshoppingmallstosellitsbooks,anditalso___43___(able)peopletoenjoyspendingtimereadinganddrinkingcoffee.Inreturn,bookstoreshaveimprovedtheculturalatmosphereofshoppingmalls,so___44___ismutuallybeneficialtohavesuchcooperation.Sofar,thegovernment___45___(offer)taxreductionforbookstorestoencouragethedevelopmentofphysicalbookstores.Perhapsitisearlytosaytheboomofphysicalbookstoreshascome,butdefinitely,weseetheturningpointtothem.【答案】36.which37.com