广东省新高考普通高中联合质量测评高三年级一轮10月份省级联考英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省新高考普通高中联合质量测评高三年级一轮10月份省级联考英语试题第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAfterstayingathomeforalongtime,manyofusfeeltheitchtotravelagain.Beforeyoustarttopackthecar,letthesefivesignaturedrivesinspireyourplansandwanderlust.No.1:America’sHighway:ROUTE66HistoricRoute66isthequintessentialAmericanexperience.“It’snottheroadandit’snottheattractions-it’sthepeople,”saysCEOofMotherRoadEnterprisesJimConkle.“It’sreallyacollectionofculturesandlanguages.IfyoutravelRoute66anddon’timmerseyourselfwiththepeople,you’remissingthekeytothewholeexperience,”hesays.No.2:UltimateFLORIDABEACHTripWith1,350milesofunbrokencoastline,FloridaisAmerica’sundisputed(不容置疑的)sand-and-surfplayground.ThetopbeachinFlorida-infact,inallofAmerica-isSiestaKey,justsouthofSarasota.Ifyouhaveneverheardofit,perhapsthat’sbecauseFloridianstrytokeepthismost-covetedsecrettothemselves.SiestaKeyisoneofmanynot-too-crowdedbeachesyou’llfindonthisdrivealongFloridaSunCoast.No.3:Iowa’sGREATRIVERROADTheMississippiRiverisourmostinspiringnaturallandmark.Thewateristhestarofthetrip,butthescenerythroughoutIowaputsonitsownshow.Athree-hourdrivenorthofKeokukbringsyoutoLeClaire,birthplaceofBuffaloBillCodyandhometothemuseumthathonorsbothhiscontributionsasanexploreroftheWestandtheNativeAmericanshemet.No.4:FiveinOneDrive:NATIONALPARKSSculptedbywindandwateroverthousandsofyears,theremotecanyonsandplateaus(高原)ofsoutheasternUtahwereamongthelastpartsoftheAmericanWesttobeseenbydriversfromtheEast.Today,thatrugged(多岩石的)landscapeishometosomeofthemostpopularnationalparksinthecountry.CollectivelyknownastheMightyFive,theyofferdramaticdesertlandscapes,soaringarches,deepslotcanyons,andreach-for-the-skyrockyspires.No.5:History&Foliage:NEWENGLANDNewEnglandvacationersessentiallywanttwothings:alittlebitofhistoryandalotofleaves.You’llfindthembothonMassachusetts’sMohawkTrail,oneofthenation’sfirstdesignatedscenichighways.TheMohawkpeopleonceusedthisbywayacrosstheBerkshireHillsasatradingroute,andarmiesfromColonialBostontraveledittodefendthewesternfrontier.1.Whichdrivebestsuitspeoplewhoenjoywatersports?A.America’sHighway:ROUTE66. B.UltimateFLORIDABEACHTrip.C.FiveinOneDrive:NATIONALPARKS. D.History&Foliage:NEWENGLAND.2.Whatdoes“MightyFive”inParagraph5referto?A.ThehomesintheAmericanWest. B.ThesculpturesintheAmericanWest.C.ThehighwaysinsoutheasternUtah. D.ThenationalparksinsoutheasternUtah.3.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.InvolvingyourselfwiththepeoplewillcapturetheessenceoftravelingRoute66.B.Ifyou’veneverheardofSiestaKey,that’sbecauseFloridianskeepitasecret.C.Athree-hourdrivesouthofKeokukleadsyoutothebirthplaceofBuffaloBillCody.D.ArmiesfromColonialBostontraveledacrosstheBerkshireHillstoprotectthewesternfrontier.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。介绍了五个美国具有特色的旅行目的地。〖答案〗1.B2.D3.A1．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据No.2:UltimateFLORIDABEACHTrip部分的“With1,350milesofunbrokencoastline,FloridaisAmerica’sundisputed(不容置疑的)sand-and-surfplayground.ThetopbeachinFlorida-infact,inallofAmerica-isSiestaKey,justsouthofSarasota.(拥有1350英里绵延不绝的海岸线，佛罗里达是美国无可争议的沙滩冲浪乐园。佛罗里达州的顶级海滩——实际上是整个美国的顶级海滩——是萨拉索塔南部的午睡岛)”可知，喜欢水上运动的游客可以去UltimateFLORIDABEACHTrip。故选B。2．〖解析〗词句猜测题。根据No.4:FiveinOneDrive:NATIONALPARKS部分的“Sculptedbywindandwateroverthousandsofyears,theremotecanyonsandplateaus(高原)ofsoutheasternUtahwereamongthelastpartsoftheAmericanWesttobeseenbydriversfromtheEast.Today,thatrugged(多岩石的)landscapeishometosomeofthemostpopularnationalparksinthecountry.CollectivelyknownastheMightyFive(犹他州东南部偏远的峡谷和高原经过数千年的风和水的雕琢，是美国西部最后被来自东部的司机看到的地区之一。如今，这片崎岖不平的土地是美国一些最受欢迎的国家公园的所在地。被统称为MightyFive)”可知，MightyFive指的是上文犹他州东南部偏远的峡谷和高原所在的国家公园。故选D。3．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据No.1:America’sHighway:ROUTE66部分的“IfyoutravelRoute66anddon’timmerseyourselfwiththepeople,you’remissingthekeytothewholeexperience,”hesays.(‘如果你在66号公路上旅行，却没有沉浸在人群中，你就错过了整个体验的关键，’他说)”推知，沉浸在人群中是去Route66旅游的精髓。故选A。BPeggy,anine-year-oldbordercollie(柯利牧羊犬),wassignedovertotheRSPCA(皇家防止虐待动物协会)afterherhandlercouldnolongercommunicatewithher.Hethoughtshecouldnolongerworkbecauseshewasnotabletohearwhistlesorvoicecommands.However,afterbeinghandedtotheRSPCA,PeggywastakeninbyChloeShorten,ananimalwelfaremanagerfromtheorganization’smid-NorfolkandnorthSuffolkbranch.Shorten,28,andherhusbandJason,34,ashepherd,taughtPeggytounderstandhandsignalsandbodylanguage.ThecoupletrainedPeggywiththehelpofasheepdogtrainerandtheirtwootherworkingdogs,SidandNora.Shortensaid,“WecompletelyfellinlovewithPeggyalmostimmediately,anditsoonbecameclearthatshewouldn’tbegoinganywhere.WeknewPeggywantedtobeworking,sowestartedthelongprocessofteachingherhowtoherdandworkwithashepherdwithoutrelyingonvoicecommands.”ThecouplebeganbytrainingPeggytolookatthemtoreceivehandsignals.“Weusedrepetitiveandpositivereinforcement(加强)andinsteadofpairingaverbalcommandwithanactionwe’duseahandgesture.Shereadsourhandsignalsandbodylanguageasawayoftellingwhatwe’reaskingfor.Forexample,thumbsupmeans‘goodgirl’.Aflat,outstretchedpalmmeans‘stop’.”ShortenandherhusbandpointinacertaindirectiontoindicatewheretheywantPeggytogoandpattheirkneestosummonherbacktothem.Toaskhertoslowdown,Shortensaidshedoesawavinggesture.Peggyisnotworkingfull-timebutenjoyshelpingoutinthefields.“Itcanbedifficultwithadeafdog,becauseyouhavetowaveathertogetherattention,andsometimesshedoesn’trealizestraightaway,”shesaid.“Butshe’ssuchahappylittledog.She’snospringchicken,andsheisgenerallyretired,butshelovesgoingouttoworkwithusandrunningaroundinthefields.”4.WhatdowelearnaboutPeggyfromthepassage?A.PeggywastransferredfromherformerownertoRSPCAforheroldage.B.Peggywastrainedwithouttheaidofotherdogs.C.Peggywasadoptedbythecoupleshortlyafterthecouplemether.D.Peggyisfullofenergyandnowisworkingalldaylong.5.HowdidthecoupletrainPeggytounderstandtheirhandsignalsandbodylanguage?A.Byapplyingrepeatedandpositivereinforcement.B.Byparingaverbalcommandwithanaction.C.Bypattingtheirknees.D.Bydoingawavinggesture.6.WhatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedpartinParagraph7?A.notdeaf B.notyoung C.notenergetic D.notpositive7.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Signlanguageisofimportancetotrainingdogstoherd.B.HowRSPCArescuestheabandoneddogsandsendsthemtosomefamilies.C.HowShortenandJasonteachdeafdogstoherdandworkwithashepherd.D.Anelderlydeafsheepdogisnowworkingagainafterlearningsignlanguage.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了上了年纪的柯利牧羊犬佩吉失去听力后被饲养员送到皇家防止虐待动物协会。在那里，佩吉被肖顿夫妇收养，并重新开始工作。〖答案〗4.C5.A6.B7.D4．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第四段“WecompletelyfellinlovewithPeggyalmostimmediately,anditsoonbecameclearthatshewouldn’tbegoinganywhere.(我们几乎立刻就完全爱上了佩吉，很快就清楚她不会去其他的任何地方)”可知，这对夫妇见到佩吉后不久就收养了佩吉。故选C。5．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第五段“Weusedrepetitiveandpositivereinforcement(加强)andinsteadofpairingaverbalcommandwithanactionwe’duseahandgesture.(我们使用了重复和积极的强化，而不是将口头命令与动作相结合，我们会使用手势)”可知，这对夫妇是通过重复和积极的强化训练佩吉理解他们的手势和肢体语言的。故选A。6．〖解析〗词句猜测题。根据第七段“She’snospringchicken,andsheisgenerallyretired,butshelovesgoingouttoworkwithusandrunningaroundinthefields.(她是nospringchicken，而且她通常已经退休了，但她喜欢和我们一起出去工作，喜欢在田里跑来跑去)”可知，佩吉已经退休，已经不再年轻了，推测划线短语表示“不再年轻的”。故选B。7．〖解析〗主旨大意题。根据第一段“Peggy,anine-year-oldbordercollie,wassignedovertotheRSPCAafterherhandlercouldnolongercommunicatewithher.Hethoughtshecouldnolongerworkbecauseshewasnotabletohearwhistlesorvoicecommands.(佩吉是一只九岁的柯利牧羊犬，在她的饲养员无法再与她交流后，她被送到皇家防止虐待动物协会。他认为她不能再工作了，因为她听不到口哨声或语音命令)”以及第七段“butshelovesgoingouttoworkwithusandrunningaroundinthefields.(但她喜欢和我们一起出去工作，喜欢在田里跑来跑去)”可知，本文主要讲述了一只上了年纪的失聪牧羊犬佩吉在学习手势语后又开始工作了。故选D。CLastsummer,themissingwhite-letterhairstreakbutterflywasspottedinScotlandforthefirsttimein133years.Conservationistswonderedifthecreaturehadestablishedabreedingcolonyinthecountry.AsRussellJacksonreportsfortheScotsman,volunteernaturalistsrecentlyfoundaclusteroftinywhite-letterhairstreakeggsonanelmtreeinLennel,asmallvillagenearthecountryofBerwick-shire.VolunteerswiththeUK’sButterflyConservationhavebeencarefullytrackingwhite-letterhair-streakmigrationsformorethantenyears.ThebutterflyisnativetotheUKandwasoncewidespreadinEnglandandWales.Butwhite-letterhairstreaknumbershavedeclineddrasticallyinrecentdecades,largelyduetoanoutbreakofDutchelmdisease,andillnessthattookholdinthe1960s.ThediseasehaskilledmillionsofBritishelmtrees,whichisthefoodsourceforwhite-letterhairstreakcaterpillars(蝴蝶或蛾的幼虫).Recently,therehavebeensignsthatthebutterfly’spopulationsarerecovering.TheButterflyConservationteamhasobservedthewhite-letterhairstreakgraduallyspreadingnorthwards,possiblyduetowarmingclimates.Butthewhite-letterhairstreakisstillaveryraresightinScotland,andthevolunteerswhofoundtheclusterofeggs—KenHaydockandJillMills—werethrilledbythediscovery.“ItwasalovelysunnymorningandweweresearchingtheelmtreesbytheRiverTweedatLennelwhenJillcalledmeover,”HaydocksaysinaButterflyConservationstatement,“Icouldseebythelookonherfacethatshehadfoundsomething.WewerebothsmilingwithdisbeliefanddelightwhenwerealizedwhatJillhadfoundandwithinsecondsIwasfumblinginmypackforthecamera—myhandswereshaking!”ThatHaydockandMillsmanagedtospottheeggsisquiteremarkable;accordingtoVittoriaTraversoofAtlasObscura,white-letterhairstreakeggsaresmallerthanagrainofsalt.Thevolunteerswerealsoexcitedtodiscoveranold,hatchedeggshellamidtheclusterofneweggs.AccordingtotheButterflyConservation,thissuggeststhatthewhite-letterhairstreakcouldhavebeenbreedingintheareasinceatleast2016.PaulKirkland,thedirectoroftheButterflyConservation’sScotlandchapter,saysinthestatementthatconservationistswill“needtohaveafewmoreyearsofconfirmedsightings”beforetheycanclassifythewhite-letterhairstreakasaresidentspeciesofScotland.“Ifthishappens,itwouldtakethetotalnumberofbutterfliesfoundinScotlandto34,”hesays,“whichreallywouldbesomethingtocelebrate.”8.Whatmainlyaccountedforthesharpdecreaseofthespecialbutterflyspecies?A.Anoutbreakofthebutterflydisease. B.Agreatlossduetoitsmassmigration.C.ThemassdeathofBritishelmtrees. D.Theconsequenceofglobalwarming.9.Whatwassaidaboutthewhite-letterhairstreakbutterfly?A.IthasbeennativetotheUSandspreadtoEngland.B.Itspopulationisdecreasingduetoglobalwarming.C.Signshaveshownthatitsnumberisrisingagainnow.D.PeoplecanseethemeverynowandtheninScotland.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthetwovolunteernaturalists?A.Itwasonarainydaythattheymadethediscovery.B.KenlookedpuzzledthemomentJillcalledhimover.C.Jillmadethediscoveryfirstandtookaphotoofit.D.Theyfeltitunbelievabletomaketheirdiscovery.11.WhydoesPaulKirklandthinksomethingisworthcelebrating?A.Volunteerscanfindmoreeggsofthespecialbutterflyinthefuture.B.ThetotalnumberofbutterflyspeciesfoundintheUKaddsupto34.C.Conservationistswillhavemoreyearsofconfirmedsightings.D.ThenumberofbutterflyspeciesfoundinScotlandincreasesagain.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了志愿博物学家意外地在苏格兰的贝里克郡附近的小村庄论内尔的一颗榆树上发现了白毛小灰蝶的卵，表明了它们可能一直在该地区繁殖。〖答案〗8.C9.C10.D11.D8．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第二段“Butwhite-letterhairstreaknumbershavedeclineddrasticallyinrecentdecades,largelyduetoanoutbreakofDutchelmdisease,andillnessthattookholdinthe1960s.ThediseasehaskilledmillionsofBritishelmtrees,whichisthefoodsourceforwhite-letterhairstreakcaterpillars(蝴蝶或蛾的幼虫).(但近几十年来，白字母斑纹的数量急剧下降，这主要是由于荷兰榆树病的爆发，这种病在20世纪60年代开始流行。这种疾病已经导致数百万棵英国榆树死亡，而榆树是蝴蝶或蛾的幼虫的食物来源)”可知，英国榆树的大量死亡导致了特殊蝴蝶种类的急剧减少。故选C。9．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第三段“Recently,therehavebeensignsthatthebutterfly’spopulationsarerecovering.(最近，有迹象表明蝴蝶的数量正在恢复)”可知，有迹象表明这种蝴蝶的数量正在恢复。故选C。10．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第四段“WewerebothsmilingwithdisbeliefanddelightwhenwerealizedwhatJillhadfoundandwithinsecondsIwasfumblinginmypackforthecamera—myhandswereshaking!(当我们意识到吉尔发现了什么时，我们都带着难以置信和喜悦的微笑，几秒钟后，我就在背包里摸索照相机——我的手在颤抖！)”可知，两位志愿者发现蝶卵时喜出望外，不敢相信这是真的。故选D。11．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ifthishappens,itwouldtakethetotalnumberofbutterfliesfoundinScotlandto34(如果发生这种情况，苏格兰发现的蝴蝶总数将达到34只)”可知，PaulKirkland认为在苏格兰发现的蝴蝶种类又增加了是一件值得庆祝的事。故选D。DThecold,wetweatherofwinteroftenputsoutanywildfiresthatarestillburning,butnotinthefarNorthareas,suchasAlaska,Canada,andotherpartsofNorthAmerica.Someforestfiresjustdon’tdieintheseplaces.Thinkofthefiresas“zombies”(僵尸):Scientistsdo.Whensummersarewarmerthannormal,somefirescanhidethroughthewinter.Theyburndeadplantmatterandsoilsundersnow.InMay2021,scientistsreportedtheirworktoascientificjournal.Thescientistssawthatzombiefiresarerarebuttheycouldbecomemorecommonastheworldwarms,thestudywarns.“Someyears,newfireswerestartingveryclosetothepreviousyear’sfire,”explainsRebeccaScholten.ShestudiesEarthandenvironmentalsciencesatVrijeUniversityAmsterdamintheNetherlands.Thenewfiresmadescientistswonderhowoftenfiresmightsurvivethewinter.Thescientistsstartedbycombingthroughfirefighterreports.ThentheycomparedthesewithsatelliteimagesofAlaskaandnorthernCanada.Thescientistslookedforfiresthatbeganclosetofiresfromtheyearbefore.Theyalsofocusedonblazesstartingbeforethemiddleofsummer.Randomlightningorhumanactionssparkmostfiresinthearea,Scholtensays.Butthosefireshappenlaterintheyear.Zombiefiresaccountedforlessthan1percentofthetotalareaburnedbyfiresfrom2002to2018.Butitchangedfromyeartoyear.Take2008,forexample.AzombiefireburnedAlaskathatyear.Itcausedalmostone-thirdoffiredamagethatyear.Oneclearpatternemerged:Zombiefiresweremorelikelytohappenafterverywarmsummers.Hightemperaturesmayallowfirestoreachmoredeeplyintothesoil.Suchdeepburnsaremorelikelytosurvivetospring.Thezombiefirethreatcouldgrow.Theclimateiswarming.ForestsinthefarNorthalreadyarewarmingfaster.“We’reseeingmorehotsummersandlargerfiresandintenseburning,”Scholtensays.Plus,zombiefirescouldcausemoreissues.Thefiresreleasehugeamountsofgreenhousegases.ThesetrapheatintheEarth’satmosphere.TheatmosphereisalayerofgasesthatsurroundtheEarth.Scholten’sresearchcouldhelpfiremanagement.Firefighterswouldknowtocheckforthemafterwarmsummers.12.Whatmayleadtozombiefiresaccordingtothepassage?A.wetweather B.hottersummersC.lowtemperatures D.coldwinters13.WhatcanwelearnaboutzombiefiresfromParagraph2?A.Whereflamesbrokeoutprovidedtheclue.B.Changingclimateplaysaroleinthezombiefirethreat.C.Zombiefiresarelesslikelytohappenafterverywarmsummers.D.Itisoflittleusecomparingfirefighterreportswithsatelliteimages.14.Whatconclusionwillbepossiblymadebasedonthelastparagraph?A.Itisimportanttounderstandzombiefires.B.Zombiefiresarelikelytobeundercontrolsoon.C.Firefighterscannotdomuchtostopthezombiefires.D.Westillhavemuchtolearnaboutthewarmingclimate.15.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethesuitabletitleofthepassage?A.“Zombie”wildfiresdogreatdamagetolandB.“Zombie”wildfiresreleasegreenhousegasesC.“Zombie”wildfiressparkedbyhumanactionsD.“Zombie”wildfiresreappearafterwinteringunderground【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了什么是“僵尸火”、“僵尸火”发生的原因及其危害等。〖答案〗12.B13.A14.A15.D12．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第一段的“Someforestfiresjustdon’tdieintheseplaces.Thinkofthefiresas“zombies”(僵尸):Scientistsdo.Whensummersarewarmerthannormal,somefirescanhidethroughthewinter.(在这些地方，有些森林火灾是不会熄灭的。把火灾想象成“僵尸”：科学家就是这样认为的。当夏天比平常温暖时，一些火灾可以隐藏整个冬天。)”可知，热的夏天可能会导致僵尸火灾。故选B。13．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第二段的“Someyears,newfireswerestartingveryclosetothepreviousyear’sfire(有些年份，新的火灾发生的地点与前一年的火灾非常接近)”和“Thescientistslookedforfiresthatbeganclosetofiresfromtheyearbefore.(科学家们寻找的是前一年附近发生的火灾。)”可知，火灾发生的地点提供了僵尸火灾的线索。故选A。14．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Plus,zombiefirescouldcausemoreissues.Thefiresreleasehugeamountsofgreenhousegases.ThesetrapheatintheEarth’satmosphere.TheatmosphereisalayerofgasesthatsurroundtheEarth.Scholten’sresearchcouldhelpfiremanagement.Firefighterswouldknowtocheckforthemafterwarmsummers.(另外，僵尸火灾可能会引发更多问题。大火释放出大量的温室气体。它们将热量困在地球大气中。大气层是环绕地球的一层气体。Scholten的研究可能有助于火灾管理。在温暖的夏天之后，消防员会知道要检查它们。)”可知，根据最后一段可能得出的结论是了解僵尸火灾很重要。故选A。15．〖解析〗主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Thinkofthefiresas“zombies”(僵尸):Scientistsdo.Whensummersarewarmerthannormal,somefirescanhidethroughthewinter.Theyburndeadplantmatterandsoilsundersnow.InMay2021,scientistsreportedtheirworktoascientificjournal.Thescientistssawthatzombiefiresarerarebuttheycouldbecomemorecommonastheworldwarms,thestudywarns.(把火灾想象成“僵尸”：科学家就是这样认为的。当夏天比平常温暖时，一些火灾可以隐藏整个冬天。它们燃烧死的植物和积雪下的土壤。2021年5月，科学家们向一家科学杂志报告了他们的工作。研究警告说，科学家们发现僵尸火灾很罕见，但随着全球变暖，它们可能会变得越来越普遍。)”可知，本文主要讲的是僵尸火灾很罕见，但随着全球变暖，它们可能会变得越来越普遍，因此最好的题目是D选项““Zombie”wildfiresreappearafterwinteringunderground(“僵尸”野火在地下过冬后再次出现)”。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项：选项中有两项为多余选项Youfindyourselfstuckintrafficwhenahastydrivercutsyouoff.Beforeyouknowit,yourbloodpressurehasspikedandyouimpulsivelyyellangeroutofthewindow.Thiskindofscenehappenstoeveryoneatsomepoint.Frequentburststhatincreasequickly,though,maybeasignthatyou’redealingwithashorttemper._____16_____Practicemindfulnessmeditation._____17_____Closeyoureyesandnoticethephysicalsensationofangertravelthroughyourbody,whetherit’sthroughyourrapidheartrateoryourclenched(紧张的)jaw.Inhaledeeplyandallowallthoughtsofangertoreleaseasyouexhale.Repeat2to3timesperdayorwheneveryoustarttofeelangerarise._____18_____Comeupwithsomeconcretestrategiesfordealingwithsituationsthatyouknowwilltriggeryourtemper.Ifyouknowyourdailycommutetendstosetyouoff,forexample,setasidesometimetofocusonalternativeoptions.Wakingupearliertocatchanemptiertrainorcarpooling(拼车)withacoworkermightmakeallthedifference.Getphysical.Whenyoustarttofeelyourbloodboil,workitoffwithanexercisesession.Gooutforaquickran,playasportthatgetsyourheartpumping,orswimafewlapsintheneighborhoodpool._____19_____Useadailymoodchart.Trackepisodesofangerandirritability(易怒)bykeepingadailyrecordofyourmoods._____20_____Togetanextraclearpictureofyourmoods,trytoalsotakenotesofyourintakeofcaffeineorothersubstances,qualityofsleep,stressfulsituationsorconversations,andanyunderlyingemotionslikefearordisappointment.A.Refocusonyourenergy.B.Howtostayincontrol?C.Shorttemperwillmakeamessofyourlife.D.Findaquietroomandacomfortableplacetosit.E.Youcandothisinanotebookorevendownloadanapp.F.Physicalactivitycanbuildupyourbodyandrefreshyourmind.G.Regularphysicalactivityisaneffectivewayofcalmingyourmindandbody.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些控制暴躁脾气的方法。〖答案〗16.B17.D18.A19.G20.E16．〖解析〗根据前文“Frequentburststhatincreasequickly,though,maybeasignthatyou’redealingwithashorttemper.(然而，频繁的快速爆发可能表明你正在面临脾气暴躁。)”和后文“Practicemindfulnessmeditation.(练习正念冥想。)”可知，此处是指如何控制自己的暴躁脾气，所以选项B“如何保持控制？”切合文意。故选B。17．〖解析〗根据前文“Practicemindfulnessmeditation.(练习正念冥想。)”和后文“Closeyoureyesandnoticethephysicalsensationofangertravelthroughyourbody,whetherit’sthroughyourrapidheartrateoryourclenched(紧张的)jaw.(闭上你的眼睛，注意愤怒的物理感觉在你的身体中传播，无论是通过你快速的心跳还是你紧咬的下巴。)”可知，此处是指需要找一个舒适的空间坐下来练习正念冥想，所以选项D“找一个安静的房间和一个舒适的地方坐着。”切合文意。故选D。18．〖解析〗根据后文“Comeupwithsomeconcretestrategiesfordealingwithsituationsthatyouknowwilltriggeryourtemper.Ifyouknowyourdailycommutetendstosetyouoff,forexample,setasidesometimetofocusonalternativeoptions.(想出一些具体的策略来处理那些你知道会引发你脾气的情况。例如，如果你知道每天的通勤往往会让你心烦意乱，那就留出一些时间专注于其他选择。)”可知，此处是指将注意力转移，将精力集中在别的地方，且段首应用祈使句，所以选项A“重新集中精力”切合文意。故选A。19．〖解析〗根据前文“Getphysical.Whenyoustarttofeelyourbloodboil,workitoffwithanexercisesession.Gooutforaquickran,playasportthatgetsyourheartpumping,orswimafewlapsintheneighborhoodpool.(动起来。当你开始感到热血沸腾时，通过锻炼来消除它。出去跑一跑，做一项让你的心脏跳动的运动，或者在附近的游泳池里游几圈。)”可知，此处是指锻炼可以控制暴躁的脾气，所以选项G“有规律的体育活动是使你的思想和身体平静下来的有效方法。”切合文意。故选G。20．〖解析〗根据前文“Useadailymoodchart.Trackepisodesofangerandirritability(易怒)bykeepingadailyrecordofyourmoods.(使用每日情绪表。通过每天记录自己的情绪来追踪愤怒和烦躁的发作。)”可知，此处是指用笔记本或应用软件记录自己的情绪，所以选项E“你可以在笔记本上做，甚至可以下载一个应用程序。”切合文意。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。DebraFerrellgotthestandardwellwishesonFacebookonher53rdbirthday,butshegotsome_____21_____messagestoo.OnewasaboutafamilyinMinnesotawhohadjustlosttheirfour-year-oldsontocancer.Hisolderbrother,autistic(自闭症)andnonverbal,wasespecially_____22_____.CouldFerrellhelp?Thatmessageandthe30orsootherslikeitwere_____23_____whatFerrellwaslookingfor.Shewantedto_____24_____53randomactsofkindnessbytheendofherbirthmonth,andsheneededinformationonpeoplewhocould____25____one.Whenshegotthe_____26_____abouttheMinnesotafamily,she____27____awindchime(风铃)withthemessage“ListentothewindandknowthatIamnear”.Itnowhangsinthefour-year-old’sbedroom,wherehisbrothercangotolistentoitwheneverhewants.ThisisnotthefirsttimethatFerrellhasdecidedtogive_____28_____forherbirthday.Forher47th,in2014,shefoundedLovewithSkinOn,anorganizationdevotedtodoinggood_____29_____nearherhomeinRoanoke.Virginia,andbeyond.Itsmottoissimple:BeLove,DoStuff.Overtheyears,Ferrellhas____30____andtouchedwellover100_____31_____,somefoundviaFacebookcallouts,otherswithhelpfromhergrandkids.Inanotheractof_____32_____,shesharesherfavoriteinexpensiveandcreativegiftideasonPinterestforotherstouse.Ferrell_____33_____foreverythingherself:giftcards,pay-it-forwardpurchasesatdrive-throughs,andcarepackages,aswellasthegasittakestoplayfairygodmother.Herfamilyoftengiveshersome_____34_____birthdaycashwithawarningnottospenditonanyoneelse,whichshe_____35_____ignores.“IgotacoupleofAmazongiftcardsformybirthdaythisyear.”It’sFerrell’sparty,andshe’llgiveifshewantsto.21.A.unbelievable B.unusual C.unknown D.uncomfortable22.A.wonder-stricken B.panic-stricken C.grief-stricken D.poverty-stricken23.A.exactly B.accurately C.generally D.specially24.A.conclude B.cover C.commit D.continue25.A.understand B.discover C.see D.use26.A.paper B.news C.picture D.note27.A.sent B.borrowed C.ordered D.made28.A.money B.gifts C.lessons D.toys29.A.deeds B.work C.turns D.ways30.A.broughtout B.stoodout C.reachedout D.figuredout31.A.kids B.students C.strangers D.volunteers32.A.living B.giving C.crying D.talking33.A.applies B.checks C.designs D.pays34.A.important B.extra C.extraordinary D.useful35.A.possibly B.casually C.proudly D.naturally【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女性社会服务工作者黛布拉·费雷尔长期致力于为陌生人做好事并且在网上分享了自己最喜欢的创意礼物，以供他人使用。〖答案〗21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D26.D27.A28.B29.A30.C31.C32.B33.D34.B35.D21．〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她53岁生日那天，黛布拉·费雷尔在脸书上收到了常规祝福的同时也收到了几条不寻常的留言。A.unbelievable难以置信的；B.unusual不同寻常的；C.unknown不出名的；D.uncomfortable不舒服的。根据上文的“standardwellwishes”和but表示转折可知，与常规祝福相对的是不寻常的留言。故选B。22．〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：患有自闭症且无法说话的哥哥因弟弟的死而悲痛万分。A.wonder-stricken惊奇万分的；B.panic-stricken惊慌失措的；C.grief-stricken悲痛欲绝的；D.poverty-stricken悲痛欲绝的。根据上文的“OnewasaboutafamilyinMinnesotawhohadjustlosttheirfour-year-oldsontocancer.”可知，去世孩子的哥哥会感到极度悲伤。故选C。23．〖解析〗考查副词词义辨析。句意：像上面那样的留言，包括其余30条类似的留言都正是费雷尔想收到的。A.exactly恰好；B.accurately精确地；C.generally一般地；D.specially特殊地。根据上文的“CouldFerrellhelp?”和下文的“whatFerrellwaslookingfor”可知，需要帮助的人的信息正好是DebraFerrell所需要的。故选A。24．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：她想在自己生日那一月月底前做53件随心的善举，并向网友征求需要帮助者的信息。A.conclude总结；B.cover覆盖；C.commit保证做某事，承诺；D.continue继续。根据空后的“53randomactsofkindnessbytheendofherbirthmonth”可知，她想要做53件充满爱心的事情。故选C。25．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：她想在自己生日那一月月底前做53件随心的善举，并向网友征求需要帮助者的信息。A.understand理解；B.discover发现；C.see看到；D.use使用。根据倒数第二段的“shesharesherfavoriteinexpensiveandcreativegiftideasonPinterestforotherstouse”可知，她需要关于可以使用善举的人的信息，use是〖提示〗词。故选D。26．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：当收到这个来自明尼苏达州的家庭的留言后，她寄出了一个风铃，铃舌上面写着一句话“听风知我在”。A.paper纸；B.news新闻；C.picture图片；D.note便条。根据前文的message可知，此处需要选择与它意思相同的词。故选D。27．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：当收到这个来自明尼苏达州的家庭的留言后，她寄出了一个风铃，铃舌上面刻着一句话：听风知我在。A.sent邮寄；B.borrowed借；C.ordered命令；D.made制作。根据下文的“ThisisnotthefirsttimethatFerrellhasdecidedtogive…forherbirthday.”可知，费雷尔为这个家庭寄送了一个风铃。故选A。28．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：这已经不是费雷尔第一次决定在自己的生日当天向他人送礼了。A.money钱；B.gifts礼物；C.lessons课；D.toys玩具。根据前文的“she…awindchimewiththemessage”可知，DebraFerrell会在她生日之际给陌生人送礼物。故选B。29．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：2014年，在她47岁的生日那天，她创立了LoveWithSkinOn，一个在她家弗吉尼亚州罗阿诺克市附近以及周边地区致力行善的组织。A.deeds行为；B.work工作；C.turns轮流；D.ways方式。根据前文的“Shewantedto…53randomactsofkindnessbytheendofherbirthmonth”可知，DebraFerrell多年来坚持在她生日之际给陌生人送礼物，这是在做好事。故选A。30．〖解析〗考查动词短语辨析。句意：多年来，费雷尔已经伸出援手帮助了100多个陌生人，其中一些人是通过脸书联系找到的，另一些人是在她孙辈的帮助下找到的。A.broughtout带来；B.stoodout突显出来；C.reachedout伸出手，联系；D.figuredout弄清楚。根据下文的“somefoundviaFacebookcallouts,otherswithhelpfromhergrandkids”可知，DebraFerrell伸出援助之手帮助别人，touched（联系）是〖提示〗词。故选C。31．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，费雷尔已经伸出援手帮助了100