Python程序设计周辉课后参考答案

第1章课后习题参考答案一、选择题CADDB二、填空题1、机器语言2、机器语言 汇编语言3、编译 解释4、脚本语言5、可移植性6、pip第2章课后习题参考答案一、选择题DBCAC ACDDA二、填空题1、缩进2、整数，浮点数，复数，布尔类型3、5554、'h' 'Pytho' 'yth' 'nhy' 'Pytho'5、0.0001236、'P'7、False8、'PYTHONSTRGNI'9、换行10、如果a=3，b=-2，那么执行语句a+=b后a的值为1。三、上机操作题1、代码如下：C=float(input('请输入摄氏温度：'))F=C*1.8+32print('转换后的华氏温度是：{:.2f}'.format(F))2、代码如下：r=float(input('请输入球的半径：'))area=4*3.14*r*rv=4/3*3.14*r*r*rprint('球的表面积为：{:2.2f}，体积为：{:2.2f}'.format(area,v))3、代码如下：a=1b=-10c=16v=b*b-4*a*cx1=(-b+v**0.5)/(2*a)x2=(-b-v**0.5)/(2*a)print(x1,x2)代码如下：name=input('请输入姓名：')year=int(input('请输入出生年份：'))age=2023-yearprint('您好！{}。您{}岁。'.format(name,age))代码如下：s='/digi/'print(s.count('i'))print(s.index('ifeng'))s=s.replace('.','-')print(s[13:18],s[-15:-10],s[-15:18])print(s[23:27],s[-5:-1],s[23:-1])s=s.upper()print(len(s))print(s+'core')代码如下：money=10000#本金m_rate=0.20#保证金比率d_rate=0.0005#日利率p_rate=0.005#日罚息率real_money=money-money*d_rate*360-money*m_rate#实际发放金额print(f'放款日实际收到借款平台发放的贷款金额为{real_money:.2f}元。')#6200.00interest=money*d_rate*360*2#借款2年的总利息penalty=money*(1+p_rate)**360-money#第2年的总罚息print(f'借款两年后需要支付的本利和为{money+interest+penalty:.2f}')#63825.75print(f'一年后按时还款的实际借款金额为{real_money:.2f}')print(f'一年后按时还款的实际借款利息为{money-real_money-money*m_rate:.2f}')print(f'一年后按时还款的实际借款利率为{(money-real_money-money*m_rate)/real_money:.2%}。')#29.03%print(f'两年后偿还所有本金利息的实际借款金额为{real_money:.2f}')两年后偿还所有本金利息的实际借款金额为6200.00print(f'两年后偿还所有本金利息的实际支付利息和罚息金额为{interest+penalty:.2f}')print(f'两年后偿还所有本金利息的实际利率为{(interest+penalty-money*m_rate)/real_money:.2%}')#835.90%第3章课后习题参考答案一、选择题CDBACDADAD DDAC二、填空题1、while for2、continue break3、冒号4、93python225、3,5,7,9 46、True7、case8、FalseTrue9、Ctrl+C组合键（或者break语句）三、上机操作题1、代码如下：a="-"b="+"c="|"d=""foriinrange(11):ifiin[0,5,10]:print(f"{b}{a*4}{b}{a*4}{b}")else:print(f"{c}{d*8}{c}{d*8}{c}")2、代码如下：i=1j=0sum=0a=6whilei<=10:j=10*j+asum=j+sumi=i+1print(sum)3、代码如下：n=int(input("请输入一个整数n:"))sum=0foriinrange(1,n+1):sum=sum+(-1)**(i+1)*(2*i-1)print(sum)代码如下：s=input("请输入一个字符串:")count=0whiles!="stop":foriins:if'z'>=i>='a':count+=1print(f"其中小写字母的个数为：{count}")count=0s=input("继续输入字符串，直到stop结束：")代码如下：st=input("输入一个字符串：")pair=0forsinst:ifs=="'":pair+=1ifpair==0:print("没有单引号")elifpair%2==0:print(f"找到了{pair//2}对单引号")else:print(f"有{int(pair/2)}对配对单引号，存在没有配对的单引号")代码如下：importturtleastt.pensize(10)t.penup()t.goto(-400,200)t.pendown()t.write("BEIJING2022",font=("Arial",60,"italic"))color1=["blue","black","red"]color2=["yellow","green"]t.penup()t.goto(-300,-100)t.pendown()foriincolor1:t.color(i)t.circle(100)t.penup()t.forward(200)t.pendown()t.penup()t.goto(-200,-200)t.pendown()foriincolor2:t.color(i)t.circle(100)t.penup()t.forward(200)t.pendown()t.done()代码如下：importturtleastt.pensize(10)t.color("green")t.left(90)t.circle(100,180)foriinrange(3):t.right(90)t.circle(100,180)第4章课后习题参考答案一、选择题CCCDA BCACA二、填空题1、方括号 英文半角顿号2、有序索引 0 加1 3、True True4、sort() reverse 降序排列 升序排列5、sorted() 不改变 [4,2,1,3,5] [1,2,3,4,5]6、逗号 圆括号 不可以 可以7、花括号 逗号 键值对 键 值8、无序序列 键 无序9、唯一 不允许 允许10、{} dict()11、大括号 不能 无序三、上机操作题1、代码如下：importrandoma=[str(i)foriinrange(0,10)]b=[chr(i)foriinrange(97,97+26)]c=[chr(i)foriinrange(65,65+26)]d=a+b+cforiinrange(10):password=""forjinrange(8):k=random.randint(0,len(d)-1)password+=d[k]print(password)2、代码如下：lst=[9,6,7,3,1,8,4,3,6]odd=[]even=[]foriinlst:ifi%2==0:even.append(i)else:odd.append(i)print(odd+even)3、代码如下：a_list=[4,10,12,4,9,6,3]b_list=[12,8,5,6,7,6,10]a_list.extend(b_list)res=sorted(list(set(a_list)),reverse=True)print(res)4、代码如下：a_list=[4,6,8,6,4,2,6,6,5,7,4,2,1,7,6,7,4]result_dict={}foriina_list:ifinotinresult_dict:result_dict[i]=1else:result_dict[i]+=1foriinresult_dict:print(i,"在列表中出现",result_dict[i],"次")5、代码如下：digits=(1,2,3,4)result=[]foriindigits:forjindigits:forkindigits:ifi!=jandj!=kandi!=k:result+=[i*100+j*10+k]print(result)6、代码如下：dicts={'Aaa':80,'Bbb':75,'Ccc':88,'Ddd':65,'Eee':90,'Fff':95,'Mmm':58,'Www':86,'Yyy':78}m=list(dicts.items())m.sort(key=lambdax:x[1])print(m)total=0average=0foriindicts.values():total+=iprint('学生的总分为',total,',平均分为',round(total/len(dicts),2))forname,gradeindicts.items():ifgrade>85:print(name,end="")7、代码如下：#文本字符分析str=input("请输入要分析的字符串，回车表示结束：")whilestr!='':#创建字典类型保存结果counts={}#扫描字符串，统计出现频率forchinstr:counts[ch]=counts.get(ch,0)+1#改变类型为列表类型，按照出现频率降序排列items=list(counts.items())#利用sort函数排序items.sort(key=lambdax:x[1],reverse=True)#打印输出foriinrange(len(items)):word,count=items[i]print("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word,count))str=input("请输入要分析的字符串，回车表示结束：")8、代码如下：importjiebaexcludes={"两个","一个","只见","如何","那里","哥哥","不能","如此","说道","军马","次日","军士","头领","左右","一齐","引兵","里面","梁山泊","只得","于是","今日","不敢","知府","都督","人马","不知","先锋","前面","将来","弟兄","众人","这里","小人","出来","妇人","好汉","便是","问道","起来","却是","我们","因此","甚么","这个","正是","三个","且慢","兄弟","不是","只是","不曾","且说","不得","一面","看时","如今","来到","当下","原来","将军","山寨","喝道","兄长","大喜","天子","商议","那个","商议","公人","性命","城中","那厮","小弟","东京","下山","不见","怎地","上山","随即","不要","一条","和尚","背后","洒家","许多","太尉","答道","收拾","却说","一声","小喽啰","那汉","教头","银子"}txt=open('水浒.txt','r',encoding='utf-8').read()words=jieba.lcut(txt)counts={}forwordinwords:iflen(word)<=1:continueelse:counts[word]=counts.get(word,0)+1forwordinexcludes:delcounts[word]items=list(counts.items())items.sort(key=lambdax:x[1],reverse=True)foriinrange(20):name,count=items[i]print(name,'出现的次数为：',count)第5章课后习题参考答案一、选择题选择题第7题的第2行代码需要缩进DDCAC CCBCD二、填空题1、global2、None3、[2,3,4]4、65、[3,3,3]6、1三、上机操作题1、代码如下：intcount=[]upstrcount=[]lowstrcount=[]othercount=[]defnumber(a):foriina:ifi.isdigit():intcount.append(i)elifi.isupper():upstrcount.append(i)elifi.islower():lowstrcount.append(i)else:othercount.append(i)return{'数字的个数':len(intcount),'大写字母的个数':len(upstrcount),'小写字母的个数':\len(lowstrcount),'其他字符的个数':len(othercount)}a=input('请输入一个字符串：')tem=number(a)print(tem)2、代码如下：lis=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]square=lambdax:x**2new_lis=list(map(square,lis))print(new_lis)3、代码如下：递归：deffib(q):ifq==1orq==2:return1returnfib(q-1)+fib(q-2)foriinrange(1,21):print(f"{fib(i):>5}",end='')if(i==10):print("")非递归：deffib(n):a,b=0,1foriinrange(n+1):a,b=b,a+breturnaforiinrange(20):print(f"{fib(i):>5}",end='')if(i==9):print("")代码如下：importrandomdeffunc():a=list(random.choice(range(1,10))foriinrange(1,100))print("元组为:",a)b=tuple(str(max(a)))c=tuple([ifori,xinenumerate(a)ifx==max(a)])d=b+cprint("第一个元素为列表中最大值，其余元素为最大值在列表中的下标为：",d)第6章课后习题参考答案一、选择题CDDDD CBDDC A二、填空题1、文本文件 二进制文件2、encoding 3、getcwd()4、w+5、seek()6、try except finally7、mask三、上机操作题1、代码如下：fp=open(r'6-01.txt','r+',encoding='utf-8')txt=fp.read()forcin'~`!@#$%^&*()_+-=[]{}\|;\':",./<>?':txt=txt.replace(c,'')words=txt.split()dt={}forwordinwords:dt[word]=dt.get(word,0)+1fork,vindt.items():fp.write(f'{k}:{v}\n')fp.close()2、代码如下：whileTrue:try:m=int(input('请输入第1个整数:'))n=int(input('请输入第2个整数:'))print(f'{m}/{n}={m/n}')exceptValueError:print('输入的不是整数，请重新输入！')exceptZeroDivisionError:print('输入的除数为0！请重新输入！')else:break3、代码如下：importjiebaimportwordcloudwithopen(r'6-03.txt','r',encoding='utf8')asfp:txt=fp.read()words=jieba.lcut(txt)txt=''.join(words)w=wordcloud.WordCloud(width=800,height=600,font_path='simhei.ttf',background_color='white',min_word_length=2)w.generate(txt)w.to_file('20threport.png')第7章课后习题参考答案一、选择题BACC二、填空题1、None2、['to','to']3、{6}4、re.I re.M5、*6、'Itiseasytolearnprogramming'7、['x','y','z','']三、上机操作题1、代码如下：importres1=input('请输入第1个字符串：')s2=input('请输入第2个字符串：')s3=input('请输入第3个字符串：')x1=re.match(r'\A\d{17}[\dXx]\Z',s1)x2=re.match(r'\A0\d{2,3}-[1-9][0-9]{6,7}\Z',s2)x3=re.match(r'^https?://([\w-]+\.)+[\w-]+(/[\w\-\.?%&=#]*)*$',s3)print(f"{s1}{'是'ifx1else'不是'}身份证号码。")print(f"{s2}{'是'ifx2else'不是'}国内电话号码。")print(f"{s3}{'是'ifx1else'不是'}HTTP网址。")2、代码如下：importres='wearearetheworld!'print(re.sub(r'\b(?P<n>\w+)\b\W+\b\1\b',r'\1',s))3、代码如下：importres=input('请输入一段英文文本：')print(re.findall(r'\ba\w{4}\b',s))第8章课后习题参考答案一、选择题BCCCCABCDD二、填空题1、.2、派生3、__del__4、self.5、False三、上机操作题1、代码如下：classCircle:def__init__(self,r):self.__radius=rdefgetArea(self): importmathreturnmath.pi*self.__radius*self.__radiusc=Circle(15.6)print(c.getArea())2、代码如下：classCat:def__init__(self,weight,age):self.__weight=weightself.__age=agedefgetWeight(self):returnself.__weightdefgetAge(self):returnself.__agecat1=Cat(11.4,3)print(cat1.getWeight(),cat1.getAge())cat2=Cat(15,5)print(cat2.getWeight(),cat2.getAge())3、代码如下：classPoint:def__init__(self,x=0,y=0,z=0):self.__x=xself.__y=yPoint._z=zdefsetVal(self,x,y,z):self.__x=xself.__y=yPoint._z=zdefgetX(self):returnself.__xdefgetY(self):returnself.__ydefgetZ(self):returnPoint._zp=Point(4.5,22.1,9)print(p.getX(),p.getY(),p.getZ())4、代码如下：classA:def__init__(self,x):self.__x=xdefmove(self,mx):self.__x+=mxdefgetX(self):returnself.__xclassB(A):def__init__(self,x,y,z):super().__init__(x)self.__y=yself.__z=zdefgetY(self):returnself.__ydefgetZ(self):returnself.__zdefmove(self,nx,ny,nz):super().move(nx)self.__y+=nyself.__z+=nzdefgetX(self):returnsuper().getX()b=B(20,30,-10)b.move(10,15,5)print(b.getX(),b.getY(),b.getZ())5、代码如下：classDim:def__init__(self,x=0,y=0,z=0):self.__x=xself.__y=yself.__z=zdefsetval(self,nx,ny,nz):self.__x=nxself.__y=nyself.__z=nzdef__iadd__(self,d):self.__x+=d.__xself.__y+=d.__yself.__z+=d.__zreturnselfdef__isub__(self,d):self.__x-=d.__xself._