状语从句课件 高三上学期英语一轮复习专项

状语从句状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，常见时间、地点、原因等。1.WeworkinBeijing.我们在北京工作。（“inBeijing”作地点状语修饰谓语“work”.）2.WearelearningEnglishnow.我们正在学英语。（“now”作时间状语修饰谓语“arelearning”）3.ShereadsEnglishloudly.她大声地朗读英语。（副词“loudly”作方式状语修饰谓语“reads”）4.Helmetsaremadetoprotectourbrain.头盔是用来保护我们的大脑的。（不定式“toprevent”作目的状语修饰谓语“aremade”）5.Heworksveryhard.他工作非常努力。（副词“very”作程度状语修饰“副词”“hard”）Itisaverybeautifulpicture.它是一幅非常美丽的图画。（“very”修饰形容词beautiful）6.Unluckily,hedidn‘tpasstheexam.很不幸，他没通过考试。（副词“unluckily”作状语，用来修饰“整个句子”）状语从句在复合句中一般修饰主句或主句中的谓语动词。状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等种类。位于句首时，常用逗号与主句分开，位于句末时，前面一般不用逗号。如，Ifeelveryhappywhenyoucometoseeme.Whenyouarecrossingthestreet,youmustbecareful.一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连接词有:when,as,while,after,before,since,eversince,assoonas,once,till,until,whenever,nosooner…than,hardly/scarcely...when,themoment/minute/instant/second,everytime,eachtime,anytime,thefirsttime,nexttime,lasttime,allthetime,bythetime,directly,immediately,instantly等。

1、表示“一···就···”的句型1)assoonas/onceAssoonashearrives,I'llcallyou.他一到，我就给你打电话。（assoonas侧重时间或动作先后衔接紧，而once侧重条件，表示“一旦...”）2）themoment,theinstant,theminute,thesecondThemomentIsawhim,Irecognizedhim.

我一看见他，就认出了他。

We'llleavetheminuteyouareready.

你一准备好，我们就出发。4)有些副词如：instantly,immediately,directly可用作连词，后接从句。

Ileftimmediatelytheclockstruck5.2.、when,while,as引导时间状语从句1)when的用法①when既指时间点，也指时间段（即：从句动词可以是短暂的也可是延续的）；主从句动作可同时也可先后发生。

IwasthinwhenIwasachild.当我是个孩子的时候,我很瘦。

ItwasrainingwhenIarrived.我到达时，天正在下雨。②when在下列结构中,译成“这时”,它引导的是并列句beabouttodo...when,bedoing...when,haddone···when,beonone'sway...when,beonthepointofdoing...when2）while用法while只能指一段时间，从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。强调某一段时间内发生主句动作，相当于duringthetimethat....MymotherwascookingwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.

当我在做作业时，妈妈在做饭。

IamsafewhileIamhere.我在这儿的时候，我很安全。注：while除引导时间状语从句外，还引导对比句，作“然而”讲；并可在句首引出让步状语从句作“虽然···但”讲。

IlikewatchingTV,whilehelikesreading.我喜欢看电视，而他喜欢读书。3.、until和till1)“延续性动词肯定式+until”表示“动作延续到…为止，”译为“直到…为止”，如：Iwaitedforhimuntilhecameback.我一直等到他回来。2)“终止性动词的否定式+until”表示“直到···才”。Hedidn'tgotobeduntilhehadfinishedhiswork.直到完成工作他才睡觉。3)用于强调句式“Itisnotuntil...that...”Itwasnotuntiltheprofessorcamethatwebegantheexperiment.在教授到来之后，我们才开始实验。4)notuntil放在句首时，主句倒装。Notuntilhegraduateddidhesucceedinobtainingthiscompound.

直到他毕业他才成功获得这种化合物。二、地点状语从句1、地点状语从句主要由where,whereveranywhere,everywhere引导。

Wemustcampwherewecangetwater.

我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。

Iwillfollowyouwhereveryougo.

无论你到何处我都要跟随你。注：地点状语从句与定语从句的区别：where引导定语从句，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词。

Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.（where引导地点状语从句）

Gobacktothevillagewhereyoucamefrom.（where引导定语从句，village为先行词）三、原因状语从句原因状语从句由because,as,since,now(that)（既然）,inthat（因为，多于口语中）,seeing(that)（鉴于，由于）,consideringthat（考虑到）等引导。1、because用来回答why提出的问题，表直接的因果关系，用于告知对方不知道的原因，语气最强，可用于强调句。

Hedidn'tattendthemeetingbecausehewasill.

他没参加会议，因为他病了。

Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tgowithus.

因为他有病，他没有和我们一起去。注：because和becauseof的区别：because是连词，引导从句，becauseof是短语介词，后接名词性词语，如：

Thefootballmatchwasputoffbecauseitrained.Thefootballmatchwasputoffbecauseoftherain.

因为下雨，足球赛延期了。since,as,nowthat也可引导原因状语从句。2、for也可以表示原因，属并列连词，不是说明直接原因，而是对某种情况加以推断，表示补充说明理由。而推断的理由会因人而异。语气很弱，它引出的分句必须放在另一分句后。

Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.四、条件状语从句1．由if,unless（if...not）,so/aslongas,supposing(that)（假设）,incase（万一…,以防…）,so/asfaras（就...而言）,onconditionthat（条件是...）,provided/providing(that)（假若）引导。Tellmeaboutitifyouhavetime.Iwon'tgounlessI'minvited.Takeanumbrellawithyouincaseitrains.Youmayusetheroomas/solongasyoucleanitupafterwards.e.g.Shouldhebeheretomorrow,Iwouldgivehimahand.五、目的状语从句由sothat（以便），inorderthat（为了），forfearthat（=incase）（以免），lest（以防）引导，谓语常含may,might,can,could,will,would等情态动词。Theysetoutearlysothattheymightarriveatthestationingoodtime.I'llspeakslowlysothat/inorderthatyoucanunderstand.Hewrotethenamedownforfearthat（lest）hewouldforget.注：当从句与主句主语一致时，可用todo,soastodo,inordertodo结构换。

Heworkeddayandnightinorderthathecouldsucceed.Heworkeddayandnightinordertosucceed.六、结果状语从句1.常用的连词有sothat，so...that,such...that,that。（结果状语从句中一般无情态动词）

Hehadoversleptsothathewaslateforwork.他起晚了，所以上班迟到了。

MypenfellundermydeskthatIcouldn'tseeit.我的笔掉到桌子底下，所以我看不到。2.so/such...that所用句式①so+adj（adv)+that从句

TheboxissoheavythatIcan'tcarryit.这个箱子很重，以至于我拿不动它。②so+adj+a/an+单名+that从句＝sucha/an+adj.+单名+that从句

Sheissobeautifulagirlthatalltheboysofourclasslikeher.=Sheissuchabeautifulgirlthatalltheboysofourclasslikeher.

③somany/few+复名+that从句

somuch/little+不可数名词+that从句Therearesomanyapplesonthedeskthatweeachhaveone.Thereissolittlewaterthatyoucan'tdrink.④such+a/an+adj+单名+that从句

Sheissuchagoodgirlthatshecanhelpyou.⑤such+adj+复名/不可数名+that从句

Itwassuchbadweatherthatweallstayedhome.Hehassuchinterestingbooksthathekeepsreadingallday.知识拓展：little表“小，可爱”时，用such不用so修饰。

Heissuchalittleboythathispatentsoftenteachhimsomething.七、方式状语从句由as,asif(asthough)引导。

Doasyoulike.Hespokeasifhehadbeentherebefore.注意asif,asthough从句与事实相反时用虚拟语气，与事实相符，不用虚拟语气。八、比较状语从句①常用连词than,as...as...,notas/so...asHeranasfarashecould.I'mnotas/sotallashe/him.ShestudiesharderthanI（study）．②themore...themore...引导

Theharderyoutry,thebetteryouwillunderstand.九、让步状语从句由though,although,as,evenif/though,nomatterwh-,wh-ever词，whether...or（不管...都），when,while等引导。1.though,although这两个连词用法基本一样，只是前者口语化，后者较正式，常位于句首，都不与but连用，但可以和yet，still，nevertheless连用。though还可作副词单独放在句尾，表示“然而”的意思。

AlthoughtheTVsetisverydear,Istillwanttobuyit.Though/Althoughhewaswornout,hekeptonworking.2.as引导让步状语时，从句部分用倒装语序，句型为:①形容词/副词/名词+as+主+谓②动词+as+主+情态动词Childasheis,heknowsalot.Proudasthesenoblesare,theyareafraidtoseeme.3.evenif（尽管；即使）,eventhough（尽管）这两个复合连词意义基本相同，常用以强调让步概念，有退一步想的意思（有时用于虚拟）。表“即使”时有假设含义，一般用evenif。

We'llmaketripevenif(though)theweatherisbad.EvenifIwereinyourplace,Iwouldn'ttakethejob.（虚拟）4.“whether...or...”可引导让步状语从句

Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.5.“nomatter+wh-”引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句时“疑问句-ever”相当于“nomatter+疑问词”，此时：nomatterwho=whoevernomatterwhat=whatevernomatterwhich=whichevernomatterwhere=wherevernomatterhow=howeverNomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.It'saniceroomnomatterwhom(whoever)itbelongsto.6.“nomatter+wh-”结构只能引导让步状语从句，而“wh-ever”形式除引导让步状语从句外，还可以引导名词性从句。引导名词性从句时：whoever=anyonewho任何…的人…whatever=anythingthat任何…的事（物）whenever=anyplacewhere任何…的地方Iwillgivethebooktowhoeverneedsit.Ilikewhateveryoulike.7.when引导让步状语从句时置于主句后①虽然·却·，尽管·但·Hewalkswhenhemighttakeataxi.②本（应...，可以...）却...。when从句用虚拟式为：could/should...havedoneShestoppedtryingwhenshemightsucceednexttime.8.while引导让步状语从句时置于主句前，与though同，但though从句可到装，while从句不可倒装。9.让步状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。

Nomatterwhatheis,hewillbepunished.十、状语从句的省略现象当状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同或为it,同时从句谓语含be动词，就可省去从句的主语和be动词。①时间状语从句中：Don’tspeakuntil(youare)spokento.While(Iwas)inBeijing,Ilivedwithmyuncle.Iwanttogoswimmingwhen(itis)possible.②条件状语从句中：Cometomorrowif(itis)possible.If(itis)so,youwouldbepunished.③方式状语从句中：Shestoodatthegateasif(shewas)waitingforsomeone.④其他状语从句中：Though(itwas)cold,hestillworeashirt.Fillintheblankswithproperwordswhere(itis)necessary小测：1.Hepretendedthathewasill_______hecouldstayathome.

A.sothatB.evenifC.thoughD.unless2.Somepeoplewastea

lot

of

food，_______othershaven‘tenoughtoeat.题目出错。A.sinceB.whenC.asD.while3.Readitloud______thewholeclasscanhearyou.A.sothatB.ifC.whenD.although4.Busy_________hewas，hetriedhisbesttohelpyou.|A.asB.whenC.sinceD.for5.Leaveyourkeywithaneighbor______youmaylockyourselfoutoneday.A.eversinceB.evenifC.soonafterD.incase6.Popmusicissuchanimportantpartofsociety_____ithaseveninfluencedourlanguage.A.asB.thatC.whichD.where7._________youareoldenoughtojudgethings，youshouldstartyourowncareer.A.EvenifB.AlthoughC.AsD.Nowthat8.______muchofthetownisfairlynew，theyareolder，untouchedcomerswherelocalsgetonquietlywiththeirlives.A.SinceB.WhileC.WhenD.Unless9.Hehurriedoutoftheroom______themeetingwasover.A.themomentB.amomentagoC.afteraminuteD.aminutelater10.Wehadscarcelyleftourschool_____therainbegan短暂性动词.A.beforeB.thanC.

whileD.when11.Iagreetohissuggestion_____thathedropsallcharges.A.ifB.aslongC.onconditionD.incase12.______wehaveenoughevidence，wecan'twinthecase.A.OnceB.AslongasC.UnlessD.Since13.Mendifferfromanimals_____theycanthinkandspeak.A.forwhichB.forthatC.inthatD.inwhich14.MarkneedstolearnChinese______hiscompanyisopeningabranchinBeijing.A.unlessB.untilC.althoughD.since15.Johnthinksitwon'tbelong_____heisreadyforhisnewjob.A.whenB.afterC.beforeD.sinceitwon‘tbelongbefore…不久就16.Youcanseetheproducttobeadvertised______yougo.A.whateverB.whoeverC.whereverD.whichever17.Ifyouhappentogetlostinthewild，you'dbetterstay_youareandwaitforhelp.A.whyB.whereC.whoD.what18.Jackwasn'tsayinganything，buttheteachersmiledathim______hehaddonesomethingveryclever.A.asifB.incaseC.whileD.though19.______happens，weshallneverlosehope.A.NomatterhowB.WhoeverC.HoweverD.Whatever20.Youshouldhaveputthebook____youfoundit.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where21.It'smucheasiertoachievesuccess______youcangethelpfromyourfamily.A.unlessB.whenC.eventhoughD.sothat22.IwillnotgotoBeijing______