新教材2024版高中英语Unit10ConnectionsPartDLesson3AnneofGreenGables学生用书北师大版选择性必修第四册

PartDLesson3AnneofGreenGables【学习目标】课时词汇adopt,apply,freeze,amazement,proceed,reveal,investigate,dare,dive常用短语burstinto,leavealone,takeup典型句式1.从属连词as引导的五种状语从句2．if引导的虚拟条件句Ⅰ.核心单词练习：依据所给词性和汉意，写出相应的英语单词1．____________vt.握紧，抱紧n.紧握，紧抱2．____________adj.挺的，硬的，不易弯曲的3．____________vi.扑向，急冲进；跳水，潜水4．____________vi.接着进行，接着做5．____________adj.空的，无装饰的；赤裸的，袒露的6．____________n.无望7．____________n.孤儿8．____________vt.揭示，揭露；呈现，显露9．____________vi.皱眉10．____________n.&vi.胆敢，敢于Ⅱ.写出下面所给单词的拓展形式1．investigatevi.&vt.查明，调查，侦查→____________n．调查，侦查2．adoptvi.&vt.收养，领养；实行某种方法、政策、看法→____________n．接受；收养；领养→____________adj.收养的，有收养关系的3．bonen．骨头；骨质物→____________adj.骨瘦如柴4．resoluteadj.坚决的→____________adv.坚决地，坚决地5．amazev．使惊异；使惊愕→____________n．惊异，惊异6．stormn．风暴→____________adj.暴风雨的；激烈的→____________adv.猛烈地，暴风骤雨地7．approvevt.批准，赞成→____________vi.不赞成，不同意→____________n．同意，赞成，批准8．painn．难受vt.使苦痛；使苦恼→____________adj.令人苦痛的，令人难受的→____________adv.令人苦痛地，费劲地9．orphann．孤儿→____________n．孤儿院10．deepadj.&adv.深的(地)→____________adv.深深地→____________vt.加深→____________n．深度[词语积累][1]gable/'ɡeɪbəl/n.山墙，三角墙[2]beseton以……为背景；以……为场景[3]applytodosth.申请做某事[4]adopt/ə'dɒpt/vi.&vt.收养，领养；实行某种方法、政策、看法[5]orphanagen．孤儿院[6]dueto由于；因为[7]mix-upn．错误；混乱[8]stiff/stɪf/adj.挺的，硬的，不易弯曲的[9]freeze/friːz/vi.&vt.呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结[10]amazement/ə'meɪzmənt/n．惊异，惊异inamazement惊异地，惊异地[11]clasp/klɑːsp/vt.握紧，抱紧n．紧握，紧抱[12]burstinto突然……起来(尤指唱歌、哭、笑等)[13]proceed/prə'siːd/vi.接着进行，接着做[14]stormilyadv.猛烈地；暴风骤雨般地[15]reveal/rɪ'viːl/vt.揭示，揭露；呈现，显露[16]tear-stained/'tɪəsteɪnd/adj.有泪痕的[17]orphan/'ɔːfən/n.孤儿[18]investigate/ɪn'vestɪɡeɪt/vi.&vt.查明，调查，侦查[19]havenoappetite没有胃口；没有食欲[20]sigh/saɪ/n.&vi.叹息，叹气[21]inthedepthsof在……的深处[22]despair/dɪ'speə/n.无望[23]decideon确定；选定[24]three-leggedadj.三条腿的[25]bedclothesn．床上用品[26]dare/deə/n.&vi.胆敢，敢于[27]putout熄灭；出版；生产[28]set...onfire放火烧……[29]lookaround环顾四周[30]painfullyadv.令人苦痛地，费劲地painfuladj.令人苦痛的；令人难受的；不欢乐的painn．难受v．使苦痛；使苦恼[31]bare/beə/adj.空的，无装饰的；赤裸的，袒露的[32]faucet/'fɔːsɪt/n.水龙头[33]shiver/'ʃɪvə/n.&vi.颤抖，哆嗦，颤抖[34]bone/bəʊn/n.骨头；骨质物[35]sob/sɒb/n.&vi.&vt.抽噎，抽泣；哭诉[36]pillow/'pɪləʊ/n.枕头[37]awkwardlyadv.笨拙地；局促地awkwardadj.令人尴尬的；笨拙的；麻烦的[38]disapprovinglyadv.不以为然地；不赞成地disapprovingadj.表示反对的；不赞成的disapprovev．不赞成；不同意approvev．批准；赞成；认可[39]dive/daɪv/vi.扑向，急冲进；跳水，潜水[40]putaway放好；储存[41]frown/fraʊn/vi.皱眉[42]resolutely/'rezəluːtli/adv.坚决地，坚决地AnneofGreenGables[1]Thestoryisseton[2]Canada'sPrinceEdwardIslandearlyinthe20thcentury.Abrotherandsister,MatthewandMarillaliveonafarmcalled“GreenGables”.Theyapplyto[3]adopt[4]aboyfromanorphanage[5]astheyneedhelpontheirfarm【1】.Dueto[6]amix-up[7]，theyaresentared-haired11-year-oldgirlnamedAnne.Onthedaysheisduetoarrive,Matthewpicksherupatthetrainstation...【1】此句为主从复合句，其中as引导缘由状语从句。MarillasawMatthewinthefrontyardandimmediatelyrushedtothedoor.Butwhenhereyesfellontheoddlittlefigureinthestiff[8]，uglydress,withthelongredhairandtheeager,brighteyes,shefroze[9]inamazement[10].“MatthewCuthbert,who'sthat？”sheasked.“Whereistheboy？”“Therewasn'tanyboy，”saidMatthew.“Therewasonlyher.”Henoddedatthechild,rememberingthathehadneverevenaskedhername【2】．“Noboy!Buttheremusthavebeenaboy【3】，”insistedMarilla.“WesentwordtoMrsSpencertobringaboy.”“Well,shedidn't.Shebroughther.Shearrivedattrainstationandcouldn'tbelefttherealone【4】．”Duringthisdialoguethechildhadremainedsilent.Suddenlysheseemedtograspthefullmeaningofwhathadbeensaid【5】.Shesprangforwardastepandclasped[11]herhands.“Youdon'twantme！”thegirlcried.“Youdon'twantmebecauseI'mnotaboy!Imighthaveexpectedit.Imighthaveknownitwasalltoobeautifultolast.Imighthaveknownnobodyreallydidwantme【6】.Oh,whatamIgoingtodo?I'mgoingtoburstinto[12]tears！”Burstintotearsshedid.Sittingdownonachairbythetable,throwingherarmsonit,andburyingherfaceinthem,sheproceeded[13]tocrystormily[14]【7】.MarillaandMatthewlookedateachother.Neitherofthemknewwhattosayordo.FinallyMarillasteppedintotrytocomfortthechild.“Well,well,there'snoneedtocrysoaboutit.”“Yes,thereisneed！”Thechildraisedherhead,revealing[15]atear-stained[16]face【8】.“Youwouldcry,too,ifyouwereanorphan[17]andhadcometoaplaceyouthoughtwasgoingtobehomeandfoundthattheydidn'twantyoubecauseyouweren'taboy【9】．”“Well,don'tcryanymore.We'renotgoingtosendyouofftonight.You'llhavetostayhereuntilweinvestigate[18]thisaffair.What'syourname？”“Anne，”saidthechildsadly.“Well,comealong,Anne.It'sdinnertime.”【2】此句为主从复合句，句子主干为Henoddedatthechild，现在分词短语remembering...作伴随状语，thathehadneverevenaskedhername作remembering的宾语。【3】此句为musthavedone结构，用于确定句中，对过去发生的事进行确定推想。【4】此句为简洁句，含有两个并列谓语，其中其次个谓语为情态动词的被动形式。此句可转换为并列句“Shearrivedatthetrainstationandwecouldn'tleavehertherealone.”。【5】此句为主从复合句，what引导的从句作介词of的宾语。【6】此处连续三个句子含有mighthavedone结构。may/mighthavedone表示“原来应当/可以做某事(事实上没做)”。【7】此句为简洁句，其中三个并列的现在分词短语Sittingdownonachairbythetable,throwingherarmsonit和buryingherfaceinthem作伴随状语。【8】此句为简洁句，revealingatear-stainedface作伴随状语，表示与谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生的动作。【9】此句为主从复合句，if引导的从句是一个虚拟条件句，表示与现在事实相反的假设，这时条件状语从句中的谓语用一般过去时(be动词用were)，而主句中的谓语用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。TheyallsatdownfordinnerbutAnnecouldnoteat.Shetriedtoenjoythebreadandbutterandtheapplejamoutofthelittleglassdishbyherplatebutshehadnoappetite[19].“You'renoteatinganything，”saidMarillasharply,eyingherasifitwereaseriousproblem【10】.Annesighed[20].“Ican't.I'minthedepthsof[21]despair[22].Canyoueatwhenyouareinthedepthsofdespair？”“I'veneverbeeninthedepthsofdespair,soIcan'tsay，”respondedMarilla.“Weren'tyou?Well,didyouevertrytoimagineyouwereinthedepthsofdespair？”“No,Ididn't.”“Iguessshe'stired，”saidMatthew.“Bestputhertobed,Marilla.”【10】此句是主从复合句，现在分词短语eyingher后面跟了由asif引导的状语从句。该状语从句是虚拟语气在asif/though引导的状语从句中的应用。若表示与现在事实相反的虚拟，从句中的谓语用一般过去时(be动词用were)。MarillahadbeenwonderingwhereAnneshouldbeputtobed【11】.Shedecidedon[23]thesmallbedroomonthefirstfloor.ShelitacandleandtoldAnnetofollowher,whichAnnedid,takingherhatandbagfromthehalltableasshepassed【12】.Thehallwasperfectlyclean;thelittleroominwhichshefoundherselfseemedstillcleaner【13】．Marillasetthecandleonathree-legged[24]tableandturneddownthebedclothes[25].“Well,undressasquickasyoucanandgotobed.I'llcomebackinafewminutesforthecandle.Idaren't[26]trustyoutoputitout[27]yourself.You'dlikelysettheplaceonfire[28].”WhenMarillahadgone,Annelookedaround[29]hersadly.Thewhitewashedwallsweresopainfully[30]bare[31].Thefloorwasbare,too.Inonecornerwasthebed,ahigh,old-fashionedoneofdarkwood.Midwaybetweentableandbedwasthewindow,withanicywhitecurtainoverit【14】.Therewasnorestroom,buttherewasawashstandwithafaucet[32]intheothercorner.Thewholeroomfeltcoldandunwelcoming,whichsentashiver[33]throughAnne'sbones[34]【15】.Withasob[35]shequicklyundressed,putonhernightclothesandjumpedintobedwhereshepressedherfacedownintothepillow[36]andpulledtheclothesoverherhead.WhenMarillacameupforthelight,shesawtheuntidywaytheclothinghadbeenthrownonthefloor.ShecarefullypickedupAnne'sclothes,placedthemneatlyonayellowchair,andthen,takingupthecandle,wentovertothebed.“Goodnight，”shesaid,alittleawkwardly[37],butnotunkindly.Anne'swhitefaceandbigeyesappearedoverthebedclothes.“HowcanyoucallitagoodnightwhenyouknowitmustbetheveryworstnightI'veeverhad？”shesaiddisapprovingly[38].Thenshedived[39]downintothebedclothesagain.TobedwentMatthew.Andtobed,whenshehadputherdishesaway[40],wentMarilla,frowning[41]mostresolutely[42].Andup-stairs,intheeastgable,alonely,heart-hungry,friendlesschildcriedherselftosleep.【11】此句为主从复合句，where引导的从句作wondering的宾语；主句时态为过去完成进行时，它表示该动作从过去的过去起先，始终持续到过去某个时间点。【12】此句为主从复合句，which引导非限制性定语从句；as引导时间状语从句；现在分词短语taking...作伴随状语。【13】此句以分号为界，前后为并列分句；后一个分句是主从复合句，含有inwhich引导的定语从句。【14】此句为倒装句，表方位的词位于句首引起完全倒装，withanicywhitecurtainoverit为with复合结构作定语，修饰thewindow。【15】此句为主从复合句，which指代前面整个主句的内容。绿山墙(gable)的安妮(故事以20世纪初加拿大的爱德华王子岛为背景。马修和玛丽拉是一对兄妹，他们住在一个叫做“绿山墙”的农场里。他们申请从一家孤儿院领养(adopt)一个男孩，因为他们的农场须要帮助。因为出了差错，一个名叫安妮的红头发的11岁女孩被送来了。她应当到达的日子到了，马修去火车站接她……)玛丽拉望见马修到前院了，立刻冲到门口。但当她的目光落在那个衣服不合身(stiff：硬的)又难看、长着红色长头发、眼睛热切而光明的怪异小人身上时，她惊(amazement)呆(freeze)了。“马修·卡斯伯特，她是谁？那个男孩子呢？”她问道。“没有男孩子，只有她在那里。”马修答道。他向那孩子点了点头，突然想起自己甚至还没有问过女孩儿的名字。“没有男孩儿！可是确定得有个男孩儿，”玛丽拉坚持说。“我们给斯宾塞太太捎口信要带个男孩子来的呀。”“好吧，她没有。斯宾塞太太只带来了这个孩子。她到了火车站，总不能把她一个人扔在那儿吧。”俩人说话时，这孩子一声不吭。突然，她似乎完全明白了他们说话的意思。她冲上前一步，双手紧握(clasp)。“你们不想要我！”她大喊道。“你们不想要我，就因为我不是男孩儿！我早就应当料到。我早就应当知道这件事太奇异，无法许久。我早就应当想到没人真的想要我。哦，我该怎么办呀？我立刻就要(burstinto：突然……起来)哭出来了！”她立刻哭了起来。她一下坐到桌边的椅子上，扑到桌上，脸埋在臂弯里，放声大哭(proceed：接着进行)。玛丽拉和马修面面相觑，都不知道该说什么，也不知道该做点儿什么。最终玛丽拉走上前试图劝慰这个孩子。“好啦，好啦，没必要为这事儿哭成这样。”“有，有必要！”那孩子抬起头，露出(reveal)一张泪痕斑斑的(tear-stained)脸。“假如你是个孤儿(orphan)，来到一个满以为会成为自己家的地方，却发觉他们并不想要你，因为你不是个男孩，你也会哭的。”“好吧，别再哭了。今晚我们不会送你走的。在我们搞清晰(investigate)这件事之前，你先待在这儿。你叫什么名字？”“我叫安妮，”孩子哀痛地说。“好的，来吧，安妮，该吃晚饭了。”他们都坐下来吃饭，但安妮吃不下。她试图吃点儿面包、黄油和摆在她盘子旁边小玻璃碟里的苹果酱，但一点胃口都没有。“你什么都没吃，”玛丽拉严厉地说，眼睛盯着她，似乎这是个严峻的问题。安妮叹了口气(sigh)。“我吃不下。我彻底无望(despair)了。你彻底无望的时候还能吃得下东西吗？”“我从来没有完全无望的时候，所以没法回答，”玛丽拉回答道。“你没有过吗？好吧，那你有没有试图想象自己陷入了无望的深渊？”“不，没想过。”“我想她确定是累了，”马修说，“最好让她去睡觉吧，玛丽拉。”玛丽拉始终在想应当让安妮睡在哪里，最终确定支配在二楼的小卧房。她点了根蜡烛，叫安妮跟着她。安妮跟了上来，路过大厅时从桌子上拿起自己的帽子和包。大厅特别干净，她发觉自己进来的这间小屋似乎更干净。玛丽拉把蜡烛放在一张三腿桌上，铺开床褥。“好了，赶快脱掉衣服上床睡觉吧。几分钟后我会回来拿蜡烛。我可不放心(dare：胆敢)让你自己吹灭蜡烛。你很可能会放火烧了这个地方。”玛丽拉走后，安妮哀痛地环顾四周。四周的墙壁粉刷得洁白，什么装饰也没有(bare：空的)。地板上也空荡荡的。角落里有一张床，一张高高的老式深色木床。桌子和床的中间有一扇窗，窗上挂着一块冰白色的窗帘。房间里没有洗手间，但另一个角落有一个带水龙头(faucet)的洗漱台。整个房间让人感到寒冷而生疏，安妮浑身(bone：骨头)打了个冷战(shiver)。她抽泣(sob)着，快速脱下衣服，穿上睡衣，跳到床上，把脸埋在枕头(pillow)里，拉过棉被蒙住脑袋。玛丽拉回来取蜡烛时，看到安妮的衣服一塌糊涂地扔在地上，便细致地捡起衣服，整齐地放在黄色的椅子上，然后拿起蜡烛，走到床边。“晚安，”她口气有些生硬，但透着一丝温情说。安妮从被子里露出苍白的脸蛋和大眼睛。“你明明知道这确定是我度过的最糟糕的一晚，还说什么晚安呢？”她反对道。然后她又钻进(dive)了被子里。马修上床睡觉了。玛丽拉整理完盘子，紧紧地(resolutely：坚决地)皱着眉头(frown)，也回到房间休息了。楼上东山墙那边的房间里，一个孤独、心灰意冷、没有挚友的孩子，哭泣着进入了梦乡。Ⅰ.课文结构图示Ⅱ.课文预习自测1．HowdidMarillafeelthefirsttimeshesawAnne?A．Surprised. B．Delighted.C．Sad. D．Calm.2．WhendidAnneburstintotears?A．AfterMarillasawher.B．AfterMarillaquarrelledwithMatthew.C．Aftertheyhaddinner.D．Beforeshegottosleep.3．WhydidMarillacomebackandtakeawaytheonlycandle?A．Shehadnoothercandletouse.B．ShewascrueltoAnne.C．ShewasafraidthatAnnewouldsettheplaceonfire.D．Shedidn'tlikeAnne.4．Whycouldn'tAnneeatwhenshetriedtoenjoythefood?A．Shehatedallthosefoods.B．Shewastired.C．Shedidn'tlikeMarillaatall.D．Shewasinthedepthsofdespair.►第一版块：核心单词1．adoptvi.&vt.收养，领养；实行某种方法、政策、看法(教材P14)Theyapplytoadoptaboyfromanorphanageastheyneedhelpontheirfarm.他们申请从一家孤儿院领养一个男孩，因为他们的农场须要帮助。❶Tobeaccurate,thewomanadopted11childreninherlife.精确地说，这个女人一生中收养了11个孩子。❷adoptanapproach/apolicy/anattitude实行某种方法/政策/看法❸Theyadoptedanewtechniqueinraisingsheep.他们接受了一种新的养羊技术。adoptanewtechnique接受新技术adoptanapproach/apolicy/anattitude实行一种方法/政策/看法adoptasuggestion接受某一建议adoptachild收养孩子归纳拓展：adoptedadj.收养的，领养的adoptionn．收养；接受；选定Hisadoptedsonpaidavisittohimfrequentlywhenhelivedinthecountryside.他住在乡下时，他的养子常常去看他。形近词：adaptv．(使)适应；改编adapt(oneself)to(使自己)适应……(to是介词)beadaptedfor被改编成……beadaptedfrom改编自……经典例句：TheTVplaywasadaptedfromanovel.这部电视剧是由一部小说改编而来的。即学即练单句语法填空①Theyhadtohavetheirson________(adopt)forlackofmoneyinthepast.②Withanewteachingapproach________(adopt),thestudentsarebecomingmoreandmoreinterestedintheirstudy.③Wearguedherintothe________(adopt)oftheplan.辨析填空：adopt/adapt④Tohisparents'satisfaction,he________apositiveattitudetohisstudyandlife.⑤Theyoungcouplehadnochildrenoftheirownand________anorphan.Afterafewmonths,theorphancameto________tohisnewlife.2.applyv．申请；适用；应用apply(tosb.)forsth.(向某人)申请某物applytodosth.申请做某事applyto...适用于……apply...to...把……应用于……applyoneselfto...致力于……，专心于……❶Theymayapplytojointheorganization.他们可以申请加入该组织。❷Youshouldapplyinperson/byletter.你应当当面/写信申请。❸Thenewtechnologywasappliedtofarming.这项新技术被应用于农业。❹Sheappliedforajobwiththelocalnewspaper.她申请当地报社的一个职位。归纳拓展：appliedadj.应用的；好用的appliedscience应用科学appliedpsychology应专心理学applicationn．申请；应用；涂抹anapplicationform申请表anapplicationletter申请信applicantn．申请人即学即练单句语法填空①Studentslearnedthepractical________(apply)ofthetheorytheyhadlearnedintheclassroom.完成句子②当面临作出选课的最终确定时，我确定申请反映我爱好的那门课。Whenthetimecametomakethefinaldecisionforacourse,Idecidedto________________theonethatreflectedmyinterest.③我写信是想申请加入其中，我认为我能胜任这份工作。I'mwritingto________________joinit,thinkingthatI'mwellqualifiedforthejob.④假如你尽全力做这份工作，我认为你很快就会得到提升。Ifyou________________thejob,inmyopinion,you'llsoongetpromoted.3.freezevi.&vt.呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结(教材P14)．..shefrozeinamazement.……她惊呆了。(1)nearlyfreezetodeath差点冻死freezewithhorror吓呆了freezeup(突然)呆住；冻住freezeover(表面)结冰，封冻freezewages冻结工资sb.'sbloodfreezes某人的血液凝固(2)frozenadj.冻僵的；冷冻的befrozenwithhorror吓呆befrozentodeath被冻死❶Thegroundfrozesolid.地面冻实了。❷It'ssocoldthateventheriverhasfrozen.天气冷得河都封冻了。❸Thecoldweatherhasfrozentheground.寒冷的天气使地面都冻硬了。归纳拓展：freezingadj.&adv.冰冻的(地)，极冷的(地)n．冰点freezingcold寒冷；相当冷afreezingwinter寒冷的冬季freezingfog冰雾freezingpoint冰点above/belowfreezing在冰点以上/以下学法点拨：freezingcold极冷burninghot燥热prettyill病得厉害freezing，burning，pretty用作副词，意为“特别，颇”即学即练单句语法填空①Withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesun'sheat,theearthatnightwouldbe________(freeze)cold.②Inearly________(freeze)todeathwatchingthatfootballmatch.③Herfingerswere________inthe________weather.(freeze)完成句子④__________________________(气温仅仅到冰点以下)whenweleft.4．amazementn．惊异，惊异(1)toone'samazement令某人惊异的是inamazement惊异地(2)anamazingachievement/discovery/performance惊人的成就/发觉/表演findsb./sth.amazing觉得……了不得Itisamazingthat/how...……真是惊人(3)beamazedat/by/that...对……大为惊异beamazedtodosth.因做某事而感到惊异❶Muchtomyamazement,thefireledtosuchaseriousconsequence.令我特别惊异的是，这场火灾导致了如此严峻的后果。❷Hestoodthere,staringatthepaintinghanginginthegalleryinamazement.他站在那里，惊异地盯着挂在画廊里的那幅画。词语积累：amazevt.使惊异amazedadj.惊异的，惊异的beamazedat/by对……感到惊异beamazedtosee/find惊异地看到/发觉……amazingadj.令人大为惊异的amazementn．惊异，惊异即学即练单句语法填空①Itis________(amaze)thatsuchagirlworkinginabakerytomakealivingshouldbesohonest.②Visitorsareoften________(amaze)todiscoverhowlittletheancienttownhaschanged.③Fromhis________look,IknewJohncouldn'tunderstandyour________opinionabouttheuniverse.(amaze)④I'mamazed________(hear)frommyschoolteacheragain.Ithasbeentenyearssincewemetlasttime.⑤Toour________，theboyshouldhavecompletedsuchan________performance,atwhichwewereso________thatweallwatchedin________．(amaze)5．proceedvi.接着进行，接着做；行进；前往(教材P14)．..sheproceededtocrystormily.……她接着放声大哭。proceedwith接着做proceedtodosth.接着做某事❶Workisproceedingslowly.工作进展缓慢。❷Havingsaidshewasn'thungry,shethenproceededtoorderathree-coursemeal.她先说不饿，接着点了一份有三道菜的饭。❸PassengersforRomeshouldproceedtoGate32forboarding.前往罗马的旅客，请到32号登机口登机。归纳拓展：proceedfrom从……动身proceedagainst起诉；控诉toproceed接着即学即练单句语法填空①We'renotsurewhetherwestillwanttoproceed________thesale.②Heoutlinedhisplansandthenproceeded________(explain)theminmoredetail.6．revealvt.揭示，揭露；呈现，显露(教材P14)Thechildraisedherhead,revealingatearstainedface.那孩子抬起头，露出一张泪痕斑斑的脸。reveal...to...向……泄露……Detailsofthemurderwererevealedbythelocalpaper.地方报纸披露了谋杀的微小环节。经典例句：Itwasrevealedthatimportantevidencehadbeengivenaway.据透露，重要的证据被泄露了。即学即练单句语法填空①Sherevealedthesecret________herbestfriendaccidentally.完成句子②________________________________(据透露)hewouldbesenttothecityandworktherefortwomonths.③Insomecases,asimplesearchontheInternetcan________________________________(透露你想什么).7．investigatevi.&vt.查明，调查，侦查(教材P15)You'llhavetostayhereuntilweinvestigatethisaffair.在我们搞清晰这件事之前，你先待在这儿。investigatetheincident调查此事务investigatetheaccident调查此次事故investigatetheirsuggestions调查他们的建议❶Thepolicesetouttoinvestigatewhethertheauthorhadsomesortsoflinkswiththemedia.警方着手调查那位作者是否与媒体有某种联系。❷TheFBIhasbeencalledintoinvestigate.联邦调查局奉命进行调查。词语积累：investigationn．调查；侦查investigatorn．调查者；侦查员经典例句：Theresearchinvestigateshowforeignspeakersgainfluency.这项探讨旨在调查讲外语的人如何增加流利程度。即学即练单句语法填空①Thisisnotthefirsttimethathehasbeeninvestigatedbythepolice________breakingtherules.②Thepolicehavecompletedtheir________(investigate)intotheaccident.③Thepoisoningincidentinthecanteen________(investigate).完成句子④Scientists________________________(正在探讨……的作用)dietonfightingcancer.8.dare(教材P15)Idaren'ttrustyoutoputitoutyourself.我可不放心让你自己吹灭蜡烛。(1)n.胆敢，敢于；挑战，激将Heclimbedontotheroofforadare.他受到激将爬上了房顶。(2)v.胆敢，敢于①通常与一般动词一样构成否定式和疑问式，后接带to的动词不定式，常用于否定句中：Hedidn'tdaretotellhiswifethathehadtheirdaughteradopted.他不敢告知他的妻子他把女儿送人了。②dare亦可作情态动词，尤其在英式英语中的现在时否定式中，后接不带to的动词不定式：Dareweadmitthis？我们敢承认这件事吗？Thelittlegirldaren'tgooutonsuchafreezingnightforfearthatshewouldbefrozentodeath.这个小女孩不敢在这样寒冷的夜晚出去，她怕被冻死。归纳总结：情态动词：多用于否定句和疑问句中darenot(daren't)do不敢做……DareI/you/he...？我/你/他敢……吗？Howdareyou...？你竟敢……？Idaresay....我想……；我认为……实义动词：在人称、数和时态等形式变更上与其他实义动词相同daretodo敢做……don't/doesn'tdaretodo不敢做……即学即练完成句子①He________________(不敢说出)whathethought.②They____________________(不敢要)anymoremoney.③____________________(你竟敢)talktomelikethat?9．divevi.扑向，急冲进；跳水，潜水；俯冲(dived/dove;dived)n．跳水，潜水；猛扑，冲(教材P15)Thenshediveddownintothebedclothesagain.然后她又钻进了被子里。diveinto一心投入；快速把手伸入；(头朝下)跳入diveforsth.扑向某物divefromthedivingboard从跳板上跳水godiving去潜水divefrom10，000feetto5，000从一万英尺下降到5000英尺divevertically垂直俯冲diveforward向前俯冲❶Assoonasheundertookthistask,hedivedintohiswork.他一担当这项任务，就埋头于工作。❷Shedivedintoherpocketandtookoutagoldchain.她快速把手伸入口袋掏出了一条金链子。❸Hedivedintotherivertosavethegoat.他一头跳进河里，去救那只山羊。归纳拓展：gointoasteepdive起先陡直俯冲pulloutofadive停止俯冲make/takeadivefor...冲向……经典例句：Shemadeadiveforthedoor.她冲向门口。Therewouldbeadiveforthebarassoonastheshowfinished.表演一结束，人们就会冲向酒吧。即学即练写出句中diveinto的含义①Justthen,themandivedintothebagandtookoutasharpknife.____________②Findahobbyoranactivityyouenjoyanddiveintoit.____________③Youshoulddiveintotheseatofindapearl.____________单句语法填空④Shedidabeautifuldive________thepool.⑤She________(dive)intoacademicstudies.⑥Allthepupilsmadeadive________theplaygroundthemomentthebellbeganringing.►其次版块：重点短语1.burstinto突然……起来(尤指唱歌、哭、笑等)(教材P14)I'mgoingtoburstintotears！我立刻就要哭出来了！❶Thelittlegirlburstintotearswhensheheardthenewsthatherparentsintendedtohaveheradopted.当听到她的父母准备让别人收养她的消息时，那个小女孩突然哭了起来。❷WhenIwasfixingmyeyesonthetheoryontheforum,Iburstoutlaughing.当我的眼睛盯着论坛上的理论时，我突然大笑起来。burstintotears＝burstoutcrying突然大哭起来burstintolaughter＝burstoutlaughing突然大笑起来误区警示：burstinto＋n.＝burstout＋doing，意为“突然起先(某事)，突然发生……”。burstinto除了表示“突然……起来”之外，还可表示“突然闯入”之意。into是介词，后接宾语。burstin也表示“突然闯入”之意，但in是副词，后不接宾语。burstinonsb./sth.突然闯进而打断某人/某事物。即学即练单句语法填空①Iwalkedinandeveryoneburst________laughter,whichmademeembarrassed.②Oneminutesheburstinto________(tear)andthenextminutesheburstout________(laugh).Wejustcouldn'tcatchhermoodatanymoment.完成句子③Onhearingthejoke，we________________________(突然大笑起来).④Whenhefoundhislostsoninthebakery,he________________________(突然大哭起来).2.leavealone不管；不打搅；让(某人)独自待着；不处理(某事)❶Iwishyoujustgoawayandleavemealone.我希望你走开，让我一个人待着。❷Theyleftthechildaloneinthehouseallnight.他们把那孩子整夜独自留在家中。归纳拓展：leavefor动身去leavebehind落下，忘带；留下；把……抛在后面leaveaside搁置一边，不考虑leaveout遗漏，省去；忽视，冷落feelleftout感觉被冷落leaveoff停止，中断即学即练单句语法填空①Whenitcomestootherpeople'sarguments,it'sbetter________(leave)themalone.②Wewereneveractually________(leave)behindinastrangecity,butweweren'tabouttotakeanychances.3．takeup拿起；占用；起先从事；接受；接着❶Theseboxesofyourstookuptoomuchroom/space.你这些箱子占去了太多的空间。❷ThemantookupEnglishatfifty,andnowhecanusethelanguagefreely.那个人50岁起先对学习英语感爱好，现在他能自如地运用这门语言了。takeuproom/space占空间takeupone'stime占用某人的时间takeupduties履行职责takeupwriting起先从事写作takeupanewsubject起先探讨一个新课题takeupthechallenge接受挑战takeupthestory把故事接着讲下去归纳拓展：takeaway带走；拿走；清除takeafter长得像takenoticeof留意到takein吸取；欺瞒takeon呈现；雇用takeback收回(诺言)；带回takeover接管；占据takeoff(飞机)起飞；脱下(衣服)；突然大受欢迎；休假即学即练完成句子①你能举荐一位能担当相应工作的同学吗？Canyourecommendaclassmatewhocan________________thecorrespondingjob?②他听了天文学家作的报告，但没听懂多少。Helistenedtothelecturemadebytheastronomer,butdidnot________________much.③一些昆虫通过呈现它们四周环境的颜色来疼惜自己。Someinsects________________thecolouroftheirsurroundingstoprotectthemselves.④亨利写道，是他的一些同事激励他接受这次挑战的。Henrywrotethatitwassomeofhiscolleagueswhoinspiredhim________________thechallenge.⑤汽车与削减扩张的观念南辕北辙，它们占用的地方和产生的影响使城市体验不那么令人欢乐。Carsgoagainsttheideaofreducingspreadandmakecityexperiencelessenjoyablebytheareathey________________andtheimpacttheyhave.►第三版块：典型句式1.从属连词as引导的五种状语从句(1)as引导缘由状语从句(教材P14)Theyapplytoadoptaboyfromanorphanageastheyneedhelpontheirfarm.他们申请从一家孤儿院领养一个男孩，因为他们的农场须要帮助。[句式分析]此句是主从复合句，其中从属连词as引导缘由状语从句。❶Asheisatailor,heknowswhattodowiththismaterial.由于他是个裁缝，他知道怎样利用这块布料。(2)as引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。❷ShecameupasIwascooking.她在我做饭时走过来。(3)as引导让步状语从句，需将从句中的表语、状语以及谓语中的实义动词提前至从句句首，引起倒装；作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需省去。❸Childasheis，heknowsalot.虽然他是个孩子，但他知道的很多。❹Tryashemight,hestillfoundtheworkintheclinicinthesuburbmorethanalittlechallenging.尽管他努力了，他还是觉得郊区诊所的工作很有挑战性。(4)as表示“依据”“依照”“像”，引导方式状语从句，从句置于主句之后。Youshoulddoastheteachertellsyou.你应当依据老师告知你的去做。(5)as引导比较状语从句Jackdoesn'tstudyashardasTomdoes.杰克学习不如汤姆努力。学问归纳：as的用法归纳总结：as作为介词时，用法和意义较单一，其含义为“作为”。但是as作为连词词性时，其用法和功能较多，可以引导各类从句，as引导缘由状语从句、时间状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句和定语从句。经典例句：MuchasIlikeit,Iwon'tbuyit.虽然我很宠爱它，但我不会买它。Youngasmysisteris,sheoftengivesmeencouragementwhenIamindespair.虽然我妹妹很年轻，但她常常在我无望时给我激励。老师提示：在做as引导的让步状语从句时，首先要分清句子从句属于哪种结构，然后比按例题和讲解，弄清倒装的详细方式和该留意的易错点。只有这样才能把题做对。即学即练推断as引导的是哪种状语从句①Theabsenceofairalsoexplainswhythestarsdonotseemtotwinkleinspaceastheydofromtheearth.____________②Fastasyouread,youcan'tfinishthebookintwodays.____________③Ashehasn'tfinishedhishomework,hecan'tgohikinginthesuburbwithhisfriends.____________④Hardassteelis,itwillbendorbreakundertheactionofastrongforce.____________⑤Asthesteamexpands,thetemperaturefalls.____________⑥Thenecklacewasasgoodastheonehelentme.____________单句语法填空⑦Therunnersstarted________thegunwentoff.⑧Hot________thenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.⑨________timegoesby,hegraduallytakesaninterestinhisworkanddivesintoitheartandsoul.2.if引导的虚拟条件句(教材P14)Youwouldcry,too,ifyouwereanorphanandhadcometoaplace...假如你是个孤儿，来到一个……的地方，你也会哭的。[句式分析](1)if引导的从句是一个虚拟条件句，表示与现在事实相反的假设，这时条件状语从句中的谓语用一般过去时(be动词用were)，而主句中的谓语用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。❶IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'tturndownhisinvitationtothecinema.假如我是你，我就不会拒绝他看电影的邀请。❷Ifhehadtime，heshouldgowithyou.假如他有时间，他会和你一起去。(2)表示与过去事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语用过去完成时，主句中的谓语则用“would/should/might/could＋have＋过去分词”。❸Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceededinpassingtheexamination.假如他接受了我的建议，他就能胜利通过考试。(3)表示与将来事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语用一般过去时或“should/wereto＋动词原形”，而主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。❹Ifitrained/shouldrain/weretoraintomorrow,thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff.假如明天下雨，足球赛就延期。误区警示：if引导的虚拟条件句中谓语部分有were，助动词had，should时，可省略if，而把were,had,should放在主语前，构成倒装结构。WereIinhisposition(＝IfIwereinhisposition),Iwouldn'tdoitthatway.假如我在他的位置，我不会那么做。Hadn'tyouhelpedme(＝Ifyouhadn'thelpedme),Iwouldhavefailed.要是没有你的帮助，我就失败了。Shoulditsnowtomorrow(＝Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow),whatshouldwedo？万一明天下雪，我们该怎么办？即学即练单句语法填空①IfI________(have)HIV,IwouldknowbecauseIwouldfeelsick.②IfIwereyou,I________(give)theAIDSpatientahug.③IfI________(take)youradvice,Iwouldn'thavemadeamistake.④Ifhe________(be)there,itwouldn'thavehappened.⑤Ifit________(rain)tomorrow,theywouldn'tgoforanouting.⑥Ithinkwe________(do)it,ifweplanneditproperlyandcouldborrowthetools.⑦Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff,we________(enjoy)averyhappylife.⑧Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI________(have)time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.将下列句子改为倒装句⑨IfIwereyou,Iwouldacceptthepart-timejobinthebakery.→__________________________，Iwouldacceptthepart-timejobinthebakery.⑩IfIshouldhavetimetomorrow,Iwouldridetothesuburbwithmybestfriends.→____________________________tomorrow,Iwouldridetothesuburbwithmybestfriends.⑪IfIhadadoptedthehomelessdog,itwouldn'thavebeenfrozentodeath.→__________________________thehomelessdog,itwouldn'thavebeenfrozentodeath.3.情态动词＋havedone(教材P14)Imighthaveexpectedit.我早就应当料到。[句式分析]mighthaveexpected为“情态动词＋havedone”结构，表示对过去发生事情的推想，表示过去可能发生了什么。“情态动词＋havedone”结构既可以表示虚拟语气的意义，也可以表示对过去发生事情的推断。musthavedone过去确定做了……can't/couldn'thavedone过去不行能做过……mighthavedone过去或许做了……should/oughttohavedone本该做……而未做shouldn't/oughtnottohavedone本不该做……却做了needn'thavedone本没有必要做……却做了couldhavedone原来能够做……而未做❶Tothinkheissleepingonthestreetstonightwhenhecouldhavestolenthemoneyandpaidforaplacetostayin.想想看，他本可以偷走这些钱，花钱找个地方住下，今晚他却睡在大街上。❷Georgecan'thavegonetoofar.Hiscoffeeisstillwarm.乔治不行能走太远，他的咖啡仍是温的。❸Pauldidagreatjobinthespeechcontest.Hemusthavepractisedmanytimeslastweek.保罗在演讲竞赛中表现得很好。他上星期确定练习了很多次。经典例句：Theymighthavefoundabetterhoteliftheyhaddrivenafewmorekilometers.他们假如再往前开几千米，或许会找到一家更好的旅馆。经典例句：Youneedn'thaveworkedthatlatelastnight.Itwasharmfultoyourhealth.你昨晚原来不必工作到那么晚的。那对你的健康有害。即学即练依据上下文，完成句子①They________________(could,help)us,buttheydidn't.②You________________(can,catch)thebus,butyoudidn't.Whatapity!③Ifyou________________(listen)tohercarefully,you________________(could,understand)whatshetaugh