新教材2024版高中英语Unit4HumourPartDLesson3MyFavouriteComedian学生用书北师大版选择性必修第二册

PartDLesson3MyFavouriteComedian【学习目标】课时词汇重点短语经典句式amuse,astonished,contrary,talent,convincedrelyon,makeanattempttodo,onthecontrary,showatalentfor1.it作形式主语，主语从句为真正的主语；2．现在分词(短语)作伴随状语；3．so/such...that...引导结果状语从句；4．This/Thatiswhy...的用法；5．Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分【单词巧练写准记牢】核心单词练习：请依据所给英语单词和词性写出汉意或依据汉意和词性写出正确单词1．comediann.________________2．________________n.名誉，名望3．________________vt.遇到4．episoden.________________5．steakn.________________6．rawadj.________________7．chewvi.&vt.________________8．vasen.________________9．pursen.________________10．contemporaryadj.________________11．screenwritern.________________12．mostlyadv.________________13．clumsyadj________________14．boardingschool________________15．attainvt.________________16．obtainvt.________________17．electricalengineering________________18．stuttern.________________19．mirrorn.________________20．geniusn.________________21．nationalityn.________________①________________n.国家②________________adj.国家的；全国性的22．amusevt.________________①________________adj.感到好玩的②________________adj.好笑的，好玩的③________________n.快乐；愉悦(pl.)消遣活动23．relyvi.________________________________adj.可信任的________________依靠；信任24．purelyadv.________________________________adj.纯的；纯粹的；干净的25．universaladj.________________________________n.宇宙26．astonishedadj.________________①________________vt.使惊异②________________adj.令人惊异的③________________n.惊异27．creationn.________________①________________vt.创建②________________adj.创建(性)的28．contraryn.__________________________________正相反29．academicadj.________________academyn.________________30．scholarshipn.________________scholarn.________________31．talentn.__________________________________表现出……天赋32．producern.________________________________vt.制造；制作(电影或戏剧)33．rarelyadv.________________________________adj.稀有的；罕见的34．convincedadj.________________________________vt.使确信；使信服[词语积累][1]recognisedadj.公认的[2]reputation/ˌrepjʊ'teɪʃən/n．名誉，名望haveareputationfor以……著称[3]constantlyadv.不断地；时常地[4]encounter/ɪn'kaʊntə/vt.遇到[5]awkwardadj.尴尬的；笨拙的[6]amuse/ə'mjuːz/vt.使快乐；逗笑amusedadj.被逗乐的；觉得好笑的[7]nationality/ˌnæʃə'næləti/n．国籍[8]purely/'pjʊəli/adv.完全地，纯粹地，仅仅purityn．纯净；纯度；纯净[9]relyon依靠；信任rely/rɪ'laɪ/vi.依靠[10]universal/ˌjuːnɪ'vɜːsəl/adj.广泛适用的；共同的，普遍的[11]episode/'epɪsəʊd/n．一集[12]fancyadj.昂贵的；奢华的[13]seatedadj.就座的；坐下来的seatvt.使坐下；可容纳……的[14]placevt.放置[15]asif(＝asthough)仿佛；似乎[16]astonished/ə'stɒnɪʃt/adj.惊讶的，惊异的astonishingadj.令人惊异的[17]appearvi.出现；显得[18]countv．数数；重要[19]withconcern担忧地；关切地[20]orderv．点(菜)；订购；吩咐[21]steak/steɪk/n．牛排steaktartare鞑靼牛排[22]raw/rɔː/adj.生的[23]makeanattempttodosth试图做某事[24]chew/tʃuː/vi.&vt.咀嚼[25]awfuladj.糟糕的；可怕的，极坏的awfullyadv.可怕地；很，特别，特别[26]indicatevt.标明；指出；预示；象征[27]busyvt.使忙于busyoneself(in)doingsth忙于做某事[28]vase/vɑːz/n．花瓶[29]desperateadj.舍命的，无望的[30]purse/pɜːs/n．女用手提包；女式钱包TEXT1MrBeanMrBeanisaninternationallyrecognised[1]comedycharacterinfilmsandTVseries.Hehasareputation[2]forconstantly[3]encountering[4]awkward[5]situations,whichgreatlyamuses[6]audiencesofallnationalities[7]andcultures【1】.Hishumourisalwaysmadeclearthroughaseriesofsimpleandfunnyactsthatrelypurely[8]on[9]bodylanguagethatisuniversal[10]【2】．【1】encounteringawkwardsituations是动名词短语作介词for的宾语；whichgreatlyamuses...cultures是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词situations，关系代词在定语从句中作主语。【2】thatrelypurelyonbodylanguagethatisuniversal是定语从句，修饰先行词acts，在此定语从句中又包含一个定语从句thatisuniversal，修饰先行词bodylanguage，关系代词在从句中作主语。Oneofmyfavouriteepisodes[11]wasMrBeaninafancy[12]restaurant.Afterbeingseated[13]athistable【3】，MrBeantakesoutacard,writesafewwordsonit,putsitinanenvelopeandplaces[14]itonthetable【4】.Afteramoment,helooksbackattheenvelopebutthistimehelookssurprised,asif[15]hedidnotknowitwasthere【5】.Heopensittofindabirthdaycardandveryhappilyputsitonthetableforeveryonetosee【6】．【3】动名词短语beingseatedathistable作介词after的宾语。【4】本句是简洁句，takesout,writes,puts和places构成并列谓语。【5】asifhedidnotknowitwasthere是asif引导的方式状语从句。【6】本句是简洁句，opens和puts是并列谓语，tofindabirthdaycard是动词不定式短语作结果状语，foreveryonetosee是动词不定式的复合结构作目的状语。Whenhelooksatthemenu,anastonished[16]lookquicklyappears[17]onhisface.Hetakesallthemoneyoutofhiswallet,counts[18]itandputsitinasaucer【7】.Hethenlooksfromthemenutothemoneywithconcern[19]untilhefindsonethingthatmakeshimsmile【8】.Thenheorders[20]adishcalled“steak[21]tartare”【9】.Whenthedisharrives,heisshockedtodiscoverthat“steaktartare”isactuallyraw[22]hamburger【10】.Hemakesanattemptto[23]eatit,butitisclearfromthelookonhisfaceasheischewing[24]thathefindsthetastetrulyawful[25]【11】.Hecannothidehisfeelings,exceptwhenthewaitersaskifeverythingisallright【12】.Whenthishappens,hesmilesandnods,indicating[26]thateverythingisfine【13】.Whenthewaitersarenotlooking,however,hebusies[27]himselfhidingtherawmeatanywherehecanreach【14】—thesugarbowl,thetinyflowervase[28],insideabreadrollandunderaplate.Hebecomessodesperate[29]intheendthatheevenhidessomeinsidethepurse[30]ofawomansittingnearhimandthrowssomedownthetrousersoftherestaurant'sviolinist【15】！IliketowatchMrBeanonTVbutIwouldn'twanttomeetsomeonelikehiminreallife,andIcertainlywouldn'twanttohavedinnerwithhim【16】！【7】本句是简洁句，takes，counts和puts构成并列谓语。【8】until引导时间状语从句；thatmakeshimsmile是定语从句，修饰先行词thing，关系代词在从句中作主语；smile是省略to的不定式作宾补。【9】called“steaktartare”是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词dish，dish与call之间是被动关系。【10】todiscover...hamburger是动词不定式短语作状语，表示缘由。【11】it是形式主语，真正的主语是thathefindsthetastetrulyawful;asheischewing是时间状语从句。【12】whenthewaitersaskifeverythingisallright作介词except的宾语；ifeverythingisallright作动词ask的宾语。【13】indicatingthateverythingisfine是现在分词短语作伴随状语，逻辑主语即主句主语he与indicate是主谓关系。【14】hidingtherawmeat是动名词短语作宾语，前面省略了介词in;anywherehecanreach是地点状语从句，anywhere相当于连词。【15】so…that…“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句；sittingnearhim是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰woman，woman与sit之间是逻辑主谓关系。【16】towatchMrBeanonTV,tomeetsomeonelikehiminreallife和tohavedinnerwithhim都是动词不定武短语作宾语。课文1憨豆先生憨豆先生是一个国际知名的影视喜剧人物。他的著名之处在于总是遇到尴尬的情境，这使来自不同国家、不同文化背景的观众都觉得特别好笑。憨豆先生的幽默总是通过一连串简洁、可笑的动作清晰地表达出来，完全依靠肢体语言这一全世界都能理解的方式(普遍的)。我喜爱的一集是憨豆先生在一家高档餐厅用餐的故事。在餐厅里就座后，憨豆先生拿出一张卡片，在上面写了几个字，塞进信封，放在桌子上。过了一会儿，他再看那个信封，露出惊异的表情，似乎完全不知道它在那里。打开信封后，发觉是张生日贺卡，他便兴奋地把贺卡放在桌上向大家炫耀起来。看菜单时，憨豆先生脸上马上露出震惊的表情。他把钱包里全部的钱都拿出来，数了数，放进碟子里。他担忧地一会儿看看菜单，一会儿看看钱，最终找到了一种食物，脸上露出了微笑。然后他点了一道“鞑靼牛排”可上菜的时候，憨豆先生惊异地发觉“鞑靼牛排”其实就是生肉馅。他尝了尝，从他那咀嚼的表情就能清晰地看出，这东西一点都不好吃。他无法掩饰自己的感觉，除了在服务员问他是否一切满足时。服务员问他的时候，他笑着点点头，装作一切都好的样子。然而，当服务员没有留意的时候，他却忙着把生肉藏在他能够到的任何地方——糖碗、小花瓶、小圆面包里和盘子下面。最终他无计可施，尽然把一部分生肉藏在旁边女士的钱包里，塞进餐厅小提琴手的裤子里！我喜爱看电视里的憨豆先生，却不希望在现实生活中遇到像他这样的人，更不想和他共进晚餐！[1]contemporary/kən'tempərəri/adj.当代的[2]RowanAtkinson/'rəʊənatkɪnsen/罗温·艾金森[3]comedian/kə'miːdiən/n．喜剧演员[4]screenwriter/'skriːnˌraɪtə/n．影视剧本作家，编剧[5]mostly/'məʊstli/adv.主要地；大部分[6]befamousfor...以……著名befamousas...作为……著名[7]clumsy/'klʌmzi/adj.笨拙的，不敏捷的[8]amusing/ə'mjuːzɪŋ/adj.好笑的，好玩的[9]creation/kri'eɪʃən/n．创建物，作品[10]beinfor...免不了遭遇……[11]contrary/'kɒntrəri/n．正相反，恰恰相反onthecontrary正相反contraryto与……相反[12]growup成长，长大[13]strictadj.严格的，严厉的[14]believein...信任……；信仰……[15]academic/ˌækə'demɪk/adj.学术的[16]awardvt.授予awardsbsth.授予某人某物[17]scholarship/'skɒləʃɪp/n．奖学金[18]boardingschool寄宿学校[19]Newcastle/'njuːkaːsəl/纽卡斯尔[20]attain/ə'teɪn/vt.得到，获得[21]Oxford/'ɒksfəd/牛津[22]obtain/əb'teɪn/vt.获得，得到[23]electricalengineering电力(电气)工程学[24]stutter/'stʌtə/n．结巴，口吃[25]primaryadj.初级的；主要的[26]talent/'tælənt/n．天资，天赋，才能showatalentfor显示出……的天赋[27]keyadj.关键的，主要的n.关键；钥匙thekeyto...……的关键[28]occurv．发生；出现；存在(occurred)occurto发生；被想到Itoccurstosbthat...某人突然想到……[29]mirror/'mɪrə/n．镜子[30]discoverv．发觉discoveryn．发觉[31]JohnLloyd/dʒɒnlɔid/约翰·劳埃德[32]producer/prə'djuːsə/n．制作人，制片人[33]rarely/'reəli/adv.很少，难得[34]genius/'dʒiːniəs/n．天才，天赋；天才人物[35]convinced/kən'vɪnst/adj.确信的，信服的beconvincedthat...确信[36]CharlieChaplin/'tʃɑːli'tʃæplɪn/查理·卓别林TEXT2TheContemporary[1]ChaplinRowanAtkinson[2]isanEnglishactor,comedian[3]andscreenwriter[4].InBritain,MrAtkinsonismostly[5]famousfor[6]manysuccessfulTVshowsbutinternationallyweknowhimbestastheawkward,clumsy[7]，butalwaysamusing[8]MrBean.IfyouthinkthatRowanAtkinsonisanythinglikehisfamouscreation[9]，thenyouareinfor[10]asurprise.Onthecontrary[11]，heisnothinglikeMrBean.Rowanwasbornon6January,1955.Hegrewup[12]onafarmwithhisparentsandthreeolderbrothers.Hisfatherwasverystrict[13]anddidnotbelievein[14]thevalueoftelevision.Rowanhadaverysuccessfulacademic[15]career.Attheageof13,hewasawarded[16]ascholarship[17]toaboardingschool[18].Later,hestudiedatNewcastle[19]Universitywhereheattained[20]thehighestmarksinhisyear【1】.AtOxford[21],heobtained[22]hismaster'sdegreeinelectricalengineering[23].Thismayexplainwhyhelovesfastcars,ofwhichhehasmany【2】．【1】whereheattained...是where引导的定语从句，where在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词NewcastleUniversity。【2】ofwhich引导定语从句，修饰先行词fastcars，which作介词of的宾语，不能用that替换。WhenRowanwasyoung,hehadastutter[24]andtomakehisspeechclearer【3】，hebegantospeakverycarefully.Thismaybewhysomeofhischaractershaveunusualwaysofspeaking【4】．【3】tomakehisspeechclearer是动词不定式短语作目的状语。【4】whysome...speaking是why引导的表语从句。Asearlyasprimary[25]school,Rowanhadalreadyshownatalent[26]foracting,butitwasonlylateratuniversitythathedecidedtobecomeanactor【5】.Akey[27]eventoccurred[28]onedayin1976whenhewasplayingaroundandpullingafaceinthemirror[29].“Idiscovered[30]myface，”hesaidlater.【5】本句是强调句型，强调了时间状语onlylateratuniversity。强调句型基本结构：Itis/was...that/who...JohnLloyd[31],whoworkedasaproducer[32]forBBCTelevision【6】，saysthatonerarely[33]meetssomeonewithsuchgenius[34],andthatwhenheworkedwithAtkinsonhebecameconvinced[35]thatRowanwouldbemorefamousthanCharlieChaplin[36].【6】who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词JohnLloyd，关系代词who在从句中作主语。课文2当代卓别林罗温·艾金森，英国喜剧演员、编剧。艾金森先生在英国的名气主要源于他参演了许多胜利的影视剧。但在国际上，我们所熟识的他是那个尴尬、笨拙，但总能把人逗乐的憨豆先生。假如你认为罗温·艾金森和他扮演的著名的憨豆先生角色一样(作品)，那你确定会感到惊异。相反，他本人事实上一点儿也不像憨豆先生。罗温诞生于1955年1月6日，随父母在农场长大，家中有三个哥哥。他的父亲特别严厉，不信任电视的价值。罗温的学术生涯特别胜利。他13岁就获得了一所寄宿学校的奖学金，之后就读于纽卡斯尔高校，并以专业第一名的优异成果毕业(获得)。随后，他又取得了牛津高校电机工程硕士学位。这或许是他为什么那么喜爱跑车，而且保藏了许多跑车的缘由吧。罗温小时候有口吃的毛病，为了讲话更清晰，他说话特别细致。这可能也是他所塑造的一些角色讲话方式别出心裁的缘由。早在小学时，罗温就表现出了表演天赋，但直到高校毕业，他才确定当一名演员。1976年的一天发生了一件关键的事情，闲玩之中他对着镜子做鬼脸。后来他说，“我发觉了自己的另一副面孔。”英国广播公司电视台的制片人约翰·劳埃德说，遇到这样的天才很难得，与罗温的合作使他信任罗温会比查理·卓别林更出名。Ⅰ.课文结构图示Ⅱ.课文预习自测1.WhatcanweknowfromTEXT1?A．MrBeanisaninternationallyrecognisedcomedycharacterinfilmsandTVseries.B．MrBean'shumourreliespurelyonaseriesofsimplebutfunnyacts.C．MrBeanencountersawkwardsituationsinhisreallife.D．SomeforeignersmayhavedifficultyinunderstandingMrBean'shumour.2.Whatcanweknowfromtheepisodetheauthorlikesbest?A．MrBeandidn'tknowwhatwasonthebirthdaycard.B．MrBeanlikesthesteaktartareheorderedintherestaurantverymuch.C．MrBeaneatsallthesteaktartareheordered.D．MrBeanhidestherawsteakeverywherehecanfind,includingthepurseofalady.3.WhatcanweknowfromTEXT2?A．RowanAtkinsonisanEnglishactress,comedianandscreenwriter.B.RowanAtkinsonisreferredtoasthecontemporaryChaplin.C．RowanAtkinsonisbestknownforhissuccessfulTVshows.D．RowanAtkinsononceworkedasaproducerforBBCTelevision.4．WhichistherightorderofwhathappenedtoRowanAtkinson?a．HestudiedatNewcastleUniversity.b．Hewasawardedascholarshiptoaboardingschool.c．Heobtainedhismaster'sdegreeinelectricalengineering.d．Heshowedhistalentforacting.A．a,b,c,dB．d,b,a,cC．d,a,b,cD．a,d,b,c►第一版块：核心单词1．reputationn.[CU]名誉，名望(教材P14)Hehasareputationforconstantlyencounteringawkwardsituations,whichgreatlyamusesaudiencesofallnationalitiesandcultures.他的著名之处在于总是遇到尴尬的情境，这使来自不同国家、不同文化背景的观众都觉得特别好笑。haveagood/badreputation名誉好/坏haveareputationforsth.因……而著名；以……著名earn/win/gain/acquireareputation赢得声誉establish/buildareputation建立/树立声誉haveareputationas...作为……而著名damage/ruinone'sreputation损害/毁坏某人的名声liveuptoone'sreputation名副其实acquire/earn/establish/build/deserveareputation获得/赢得/确立/树立/应得声誉ofgreat/good/highreputation很有声望的；享有盛名的❶Shehasareputationforbeingpositiveandenthusiastic.她以主动热忱著称。❷Theheadofourdepartmentearnsagoodreputationforhiscommitmenttotheuniversity.我们系的系主任因对这所高校的奉献而赢得良好的声誉。[词语辨析]reputation与fame(1)reputation可指好名声也可指坏名声，强调在人们心目中的印象。(2)fame仅指好名声，强调较高的知名度。ShewenttoHollywoodinsearchoffameandfortune,butearnedabadreputation.她为了追逐名利去了好莱坞，却得到了不好的名声。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Theyoungping-pongplayerhasareputation________hischampionship.②Hehasareputation________afashiondesigner.完成句子③Theprofessor________________(有很好的名声)forhisdevotiontohiscareer.④TuYouyouhas________________(赢得好声誉)forhercontributiontomedicine.⑤Theyoungmanusedtobeunmotivatedinhiswork,which________________(损害了他的名声).⑥Hereally________________(名副其实)asa“walkingdictionary”．2.amusevt.使快乐；逗笑；给……供应消遣/消遣(＝entertain)amuseoneselfwith以……自娱beamusedtodo...因做……而感到兴奋/好笑beamusedat/by/with...以……为乐；觉得……好玩/好笑keepsb.amused使某人欢乐；使某人消遣toone'samusement使某人感到好笑的是withamusement开心地❶Theperformerpretendedtothrowhimselfforwardstoamusethechildren.表演者假装扑向前来逗孩子们快乐。❷Weoftenamuseourselvesbyplayinghide-and-seek,thoughitisunusualforadultstodothat.我们常常玩捉迷藏来取乐，虽然成年人很少这样做。❸Itamusedusthat/Whatamuseduswasthatthehostwithasenseofhumourplayedtricksonthefamousactorinpublic.使我们感到好玩的是，具有幽默感的主持人当众戏弄了那位著名演员。❹Atthatamusementpark,wewereallamusedat/byaplayer'samusingperformance.在那个游乐园里，我们都被一名表演者好玩的表演逗乐了。❺Whenweweresmallchildren,toouramusement,theriverseemedtoflowintheoppositedirection.当我们还是小孩子的时候，让我们感到好玩的是，这条河似乎是朝相反的方向流的。❻Wesatcomfortablyonthesofa,enjoyingacrosstalkwith/inamusement.我们舒舒适服地坐在沙发上，兴致勃勃地听着相声。[词语积累]amusedadj.被逗乐的；觉得好笑的keepsbamused使某人感到好玩beamusedat/by被……逗乐amusingadj.好笑的；好玩的amusementn．愉悦；消遣；消遣活动toone'samusement令某人感到愉悦的是with/inamusement兴致勃勃地[即学即练]单句语法填空①What________(amuse)usmostwasthatthecomedianpretendedtorollbitterly.②Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumourandalwayskeepshercolleagues________(amuse)withherstories.③However________(amuse)thestoryis,Ihavetoputitawayanddevotemyselftostudythisweek.④________ourgreatamusement,thethree-year-oldgirlcouldkeepsinginganddancinghappilyontheplatform.⑤Wecouldn'thideour________(amuse)whenourmotherwaschatteringaway.完成句子⑥Sometimeswe__________________(通过……取乐)analysingthecharacterofothers.⑦Identifyingpicturesofsmallanimalscan____________________(使孩子们感到好玩)forhours.3.relyvi.依靠(教材P14)Hishumourisalwaysmadeclearthroughaseriesofsimpleandfunnyactsthatrelypurelyonbodylanguagethatisuniversal.憨豆先生的幽默总是通过一连串简洁、可笑的动作清晰地表达出来，完全依靠肢体语言这一全世界都能理解的方式。relyon/upon(＝dependon/upon)依靠；依靠；信任，信任relyonsb.forsth.希望某人以得到某物relyonsb.doingsth.信任某人会做某事relyonsb.todosth.希望某人做某事relyonitthat...(＝dependon/uponitthat...)信任……(it是形式宾语，that从句是真正的宾语)relyonone'sowneffort自食其力❶Thepoliticiansayswecanrelyonthecompanyforhelp.那位政治家说我们可以依靠公司的帮助。❷Don'trelyonotherstohelpyousolvealltheproblems.不要依靠他人帮助你解决全部的问题。❸Shealwaysreliesonhimtodealwiththedifficultysheencountersintheirlife.她总是依靠他来处理他们生活中遇到的困难。❹Youmayrelyonitthatshewon'tbeabsentforacoupleofmonths.你可以放心，她不会缺席几个月的。❺Ishallseetoitthatheistakengoodcareofwhenyouareabsent.你不在的时候我保证把他照看好。[词语积累]reliableadj.可信任的；牢靠的(＝dependable)[词语链接]seeto,depend/relyon,liein等由动词和介词构成的短语动词后接that引导的宾语从句时，先加形式宾语it，再接that从句。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Youmustrely________yourselftounderstandthesetheories.②Youenduprelyingonyourownimmunesystem________(recover)fromtheflu.③Youcanrelyonme________(keep)yoursecret.④Youcanrelyonit________itwillrainthisweekend.⑤Youcanrelyon________thatIwillfigureouthistraittoseeifheissuitableforthejob.⑥Despitehisemotionalproblems,heisa________(rely)man.完成句子⑦____________________________(你可以信任)Peterwouldliketobecommittedtothecommittee.4.astonishedadj.惊讶的，惊异的astonishv．使惊异astonishmentn．惊异；惊愕(教材P14)Whenhelooksatthemenu,anastonishedlookquicklyappearsonhisface.看菜单时，憨豆先生脸上马上露出震惊的表情。beastonishedat/by...对……感到惊异beastonishedtodosth惊异地做某事(动词常用see,find,hear,learn)Itastonishesmethat...令我惊异的是……astonishingadj.令人惊异的Itisastonishingthat...……实在惊人anastonishingstory令人惊异不已的故事toone'sastonishment令某人惊异的是in/withastonishment惊异地；惊异地beastonishedattheirsunburntshoulders看到他们晒伤的肩膀大为惊讶❶Weareastonishedtofindachildcanseetheproblemfromanewangle.我们惊异地发觉一个孩子能从一个新的角度来看待这个问题。❷Itastonishesmethatnoonehasthoughtofthisbefore.令我惊异的是以前谁也没想到这一点。❸Wewereallastonishedatthenews/tohearthathehadpassedhisdrivingtest.听到他通过驾照考试的消息，我们都感到惊异。❹Toourastonishment,heactuallyarrivedontime.使我们惊异的是，他事实上准时到达了。❺Wefeltquiteastonishedthatthedesignerhadmadeanastonishingdecision.那个设计师做出了一个惊人的确定，我们对此感到特别惊异。[易混辨析]amazed/astonished/surprisedamazed强调“惊异的；困惑的”，还有“惊羡的；佩服的”的意思，是意义很强的词astonished表示“大吃一惊”，但没有“赞美”的意思surprised语气较上述两个词弱，只表示“出乎意料的惊异”[名师点津]对toone'sastonishment(令某人惊异的是)说明在介词to前面加much来加强程度；在情感类名词前用great,deep等形容词修饰。用于这一结构的通常是一些表示兴奋、惊异、哀痛、满足、悲观、缺憾等情感的名词。常见的有：astonishment(惊异)，amazement(惊愕)，annoyance(苦恼，恼火)，delight(兴奋)，dismay(惊愕、丧气)，disappointment(悲观)，joy(兴奋)，relief(欣慰，释然)，regret(缺憾)，surprise(惊异)，satisfaction(满足)，sorrow(哀痛)等。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Theaudiencelooked________whentheylearnedthatthegirlhadsuchan________talentforsinging(astonish).②Wewereallastonished________thenewsthathehaddroppedoutofhighschool(astonish).③Toour________，hewasn't________atthe________newsatall.④Ifoundit________(astonish)thattheyoungmanshouldacceptsuchademandingjob.⑤Wilsonhascoveredan________(astonish)64,000miles,andhashadcountlesshumorousconversationswiththestudents.完成句子⑥We________________________(对……感到惊异)thefactthatthechildmadeschoolasecondaryconsideration.5.contraryn．正相反，恰恰相反adj.相反的，相对的contradictionn．冲突；否认，反对(教材P15)Onthecontrary,heisnothinglikeMrBean.相反，他本人事实上一点也不像憨豆先生。becontraryto与……相反quitethecontrary恰恰相反tothecontrary相反的；相反地onthecontrary 正相反，相反地，恰恰相反❶IwillcomeonMondayunlessyouwritealettertothecontrary.我将于星期一来，除非你写信叫我别来。❷Hisopinioniscontrarytomine.他的看法与我的看法相反。❸Hisvotewastothecontrary.他投了反对票。❹Contrarytopopularbelief,moderateexerciseactuallydecreasesyourappetite.与通常的看法相反，适度的运动事实上降低你的食欲。[易混辨析]opposite/contraryopposite指“对面的”，表示处于相对位置，不确定有对抗的含义，强调分别。contrary指“对立的”，常有对抗的意思，强调冲突。①“Hot”and“cold”arecontraryterms.“热”和“冷”是相对的概念。②“Black”and“white”areopposite.“黑”和“白”是截然相反的。③Ishouldhavewrittenthenotesintheoppositeorder.我本应按相反的依次记笔记的。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Theweatherwasthe________(contrary)ofwhatIexpected.②Jackisnotlazy.________thecontrary,hestudiesveryhard.③Despiteallevidence________thecontrary,hebelievedhisplanwouldsucceed.完成句子④除非有相反的证据，否则我们就不应当跟他们辩论。Unlessthereisevidence________________________________，weoughtnottodebatewiththem.⑤与普遍的看法相反，这部影片处于很尴尬的境地。__________________________________________________________popularbelief,thefilmturnedouttobeasevereembarrassment.6.attainvt.得到，获得；达到(教材P15)Later,hestudiedatNewcastleUniversitywhereheattainedthehighestmarksinhisyear.之后，他就读于纽卡斯尔高校，并在同级的学生中取得了第一名的优异成果。attainableadj.可获得的，可达到的unattainableadj.无法得到的，难以达到的attainvt.(通常经过努力)获得，得到；达到(某年龄、水平、状况)attainone'sgoal达到某人的目标attainone'sgoalofdoing...实现了做……的目标attainone'saim/target/ambition实现目的/目标/志向attaindistinction/fame出名❶Thisstandardiseasilyattainablebymoststudents.这个标准大多数学生都简洁达到。❷Hiseffortspaidoffandheattainedhisgoalatlast.他的努力得到了回报，他最终达到了目标。❸Sometheoriesbelievethattoattainahighleveloffluencyandaccuracyinaforeignlanguage,youneedtobesurroundedbyit.一些理论认为，要达到高水平外语流利程度和精确性，你须要置身于该语言(环境)中。❹Hehasexertedallhisstrengthtoattainhisgoal.他已尽了全力以达到自己的目标。❺Toattainthegoal,theproducerhasselectedateamofhighqualityandhighefficiency.为了达到这个目标，制作人选择了一个高素养、高效率的团队。[误区警示]attain用作及物动词时接名词或代词作宾语，用作不及物动词时常与介词to连用，介词宾语多为名望、职务、权力、学问或某种志向的境界等。如：attain(to)theageof25届满二十五。attain的近义词有obtain,acquire,get,earn,gain等。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Alwaysbelievethatyourgoalis________(attain)aslongasyoudevoteyourselftoit.②Competitionfrominvestors,developers,andestablishedlargefarmersmakesowningone'sownland________(attainable)formanynewfarmers.单句写作③为了达到我们的目标，我们须要更努力。(attain)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7.obtainvt.获得，得到(教材P15)Atoxford,heobtainedhismaster'sdegreeinelectricalengineering.在牛津高校，他获得了电气工程硕士学位。obtainone'spermission得到某人许可obtainanadmissionto/into获准进入/加入obtaininformationfromtheheadoffice从总部获得资料obtainthepermissionfromtheprincipal得到校长的许可obtainfinancialsupport得到财政支持obtainhisrespect赢得他的敬重obtainadmissionfromtheUnitedStatesDepartmentofEducation得到美国教化部的准许❶YoucanobtainthisinformationontheInternet.可以从因特网上获得这一信息。❷Youneedtoobtainpermissionfromtheprincipal.你须要得到校长的许可。❸Youcanobtainknowledgethroughpractice.你可以从实践阅历中获得学问。❹Itisdifficulttoobtainreliableevidence.很难获得牢靠的证据。[易混辨析]acquire/obtain/attain/gain的辨析acquire指经过不懈努力才获得的技术、学问等抽象的东西。obtain指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间得到所须要的东西。attain正式用语，指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完备境地。gain指通过斗争、竞争或付出劳动而获得某种优势或达到某种目的，其宾语常为阅历、优势、利益等。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Furtherinformationcanbe________(obtain)fromtheheadoffice.②Heobtainedalotofmoney________hardwork.③SheobtainedherMaster'sdegree________computerscienceatYale.④Sheobtainedadmission________QinghuaUniversity.⑤Heattainedhisgoal________becomingateacher.8.electricalengineering电力(电气)工程学electric,electrical,electronicelectric通常指电动或者当一种没有把电能转化为另一种能量的时候，一般用electric，如anelectricguitar电吉他；electricmotor电机electrical指关于电的或与电相关的，如electricalengineering电力工程学；electricalsystem电力系统electronic指与电子有关的、电子器件的、电子设备的，如anelectronicdictionary电子词典。[即学即练]用electric,electrical,electronic填空①Thereisrarelyafaultinthe________system.②An________powercompanystopsthepowersupplyinthisarea.③Iliketoreadbookson________music.9.talentn．天资，天赋，才能(＝gift)(教材P15)Asearlyasprimaryschool,Rowanhadalreadyshownatalentforacting...早在小学时，罗温就表现出了表演天赋……haveatalentfor(＝haveagiftfor)有……的天赋/才能showatalentfor(＝showagiftfor)显示出……的天赋atalentshow/competition才艺表演/大赛❶Thetriathletealsohasatalentforpainting,forwhichIadmirehimverymuch.这位铁人三项运动员也有绘画的天赋，为此我特别观赏他。❷Thecomedianshowedatalentformakingpeoplelaughatanearlyage.这位喜剧演员在很小的时候就显示出了使人们发笑的才能。❸Thegirlistalented/giftedinrugby.＝Thegirlhasatalent/giftforrugby.这个女孩在橄榄球方面很有天赋。[词语积累]talentedadj.有天赋的，有才华的(＝gifted)betalentedin在……方面有天赋(＝begiftedin)[即学即练]单句语法填空①Averagepeoplehavenotalent________musicandwillnotattainmuch.②Undernormalcircumstances,hispaintingswinfirstprize.Afterall,heistalented________art.③Hisrejectionmadeitcleartomethathewasnot________(talent)inthisaspectatall.完成句子④Brian________________________(有……的天赋)amusingpeople;heisverylikelytobeanotherMrBean.10.convincedadj.确信的，信服的(教材P15)．..hebecameconvincedthatRowanwouldbemorefamousthanCharlieChaplin.……他信任罗温会比查理·卓别林更出名。convincevt.使确信；劝服convincesb.＋that从句使某人信任……convincesb.ofsth.使某人信任某事convincesb.todosth.劝服某人做某事❶Inordertoconvinceusofhishonesty,hegaveusseveralconvincingcaseswhichcouldmakeusconvincedofit.为了使我们信任他的诚恳，他给我们列举了几个有劝服力的事例，这些事例可以使我们信任他的诚恳。❷Iamconvincedofthetalentofthescreenwriterwhosecreationispopularwithus.我信任这个编剧的才华，他的作品很受我们欢迎。❸Seeingherfrightenedexpression,Iwasconvincedofthesnake'slength.看到她惊恐的表情，我信任了这条蛇的长度。❹Iamfullyconvincedthathisleadershipwillmakeourcitybetterandbetter.我完全信任，他的领导将使我们的城市越来越好。[联想拓展]beconvincedof...确信……beconvinced＋that从句确信……keepsbconvincedof/that...使某人确信……convincingadj.令人信服的，有劝服力的[即学即练]单句语法填空①Scientistsareconvinced________thepositiveeffectoflaughteronphysicalandmentalhealth.②Iamnot________(convince)thatthecreationisthatextraordinary,butitdeservesthepraise.Afterall,itwascreatedbysuchalittlegirl.③Theytriedtoconvincehim________(support)theminanimalconservation.④Nobodycouldcomeupwitha________(convince)reasonwhythedinosaurdiedout.⑤Itwasobviousthathe________________(确信)mywordsbecauseImadereferencetoMrSmith.⑥Whenchildrenwatchmovies,they________________(确信)thevariedbadguyswillbewipedoutintheend.11.occurv．发生occurrencen．[C]发生的事[U]发生(教材P15)Akeyeventoccurredonedayin1976whenhewasplayingaroundandpullingafaceinthemirror.1976年的一天，发生了一件关键的事情，闲玩之中他对着镜子做鬼脸。occurtosb.突然被想到；突然出现在某人脑海中Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人想起做某事。Sth.occurstosb.某人突然想起……Itoccurstosb.that从句某人突然想起……❶Didn'titoccurtoyoutoturntothatpolicemanforhelp?莫非你没有想到向那个警察求助吗？❷AgoodideaoccurredtomewhenIwasontheflighttoShanghai.我在坐飞机去上海的时候突然想到一个好办法。❸ItoccurredtomethatIhadforgottenmykeys.我突然想起来，我忘带钥匙了。[易混辨析]occur/happen/takeplace/breakout这四个词(组)都含有“发生”的意思，都是不及物动词，没有被动语态。occur既指突然发生也可指有安排地发生，在以详细事物、事务作主语时，可与happen互换运用，表示在脑海中出现某种想法时用occur，不能用happen；happen是表示“发生”的最一般的用词，常用于句型“Whathappenedtosb./sth.？某人/物发生了什么事？”takeplace多指有安排、有组织地发生/实行；breakout指斗争、灾难、疾病等突然发生。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Agoodideaoccurred________theagent.②________suddenlyoccurred________him________hehadlefthiskeysinthecar.►其次版块：重点短语1．busyoneself(in)doingsth.忙于做某事(教材P15)Whenthewaitersarenotlooking,however,hebusieshimselfhidingtherawmeat...然而，当服务员没有留意的时候，他却忙着把生肉藏在……❶Thescientistbusieshimself(in)studyingrocketlauncheverydaysothathehaslittletimetostaywithhisfamily.这位科学家每天忙于探讨火箭放射，几乎没有时间和他的家人待在一起。❷Theeducationalistthinksitworthwhiletobebusywitheducationallday.这位教化家认为成天忙于教化是值得的。[名师点津]“忙于做某事”的几种表达：bebusyeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(（in）doingsth.,withsth.))occupyon