高等学校英语应用能力考试A级-词汇与结构

选择题常考语法:1.时态和语态2.状语从句3.非谓语动词4.虚拟语气5.定语从句6.强调句7.倒装句8.其他词汇与结构2021/5/91一.时态和语态(10次)1.Accordingtothetimetable,thetrainforBeijing

at9:10pmfromMondaytoFriday.(2010.6)A.wasleavingB.isleavingC.leavesD.hasleave2.Theteamisgoingouttoholdapartytomorrowafterit

theproject.(2010.12)A.completesB.completedC.willcompleteD.willhavecompleted词汇与结构表现阶段习惯性的动作和存在的状态在时间、条件和让步状语从句表将来的动作。2021/5/92一.时态和语态3.Bytheendofnextyear,I

forthecompanyfor10years.（2010.12）

A.workB.amworkingC.hadworkedD.willhaveworked

词汇与结构将来某一时刻或某行为之前所完成的动作，常与“bythetime+句子”，“bytheendof+现在或未来的时间状语”。（3次）2021/5/93一.时态和语态4.Lastweektwoengineers

tohelpsolvethetechnicalproblemsoftheproject.(2012.6)A.havesentB.weresentC.sentD.hadsent5.Theprogram

tohelpstudentspreparefortheirfirstyearatourcollege.(2013.12)A.isdesignedB.designedC.designsD.hasdesigned词汇与结构2021/5/94二、状语从句(16次)1.Thenewdrugwillnotbeputonthemarket

ithasprovedsafeonhumans.(时间状语2010.6,该语法点考了2次)A.ifB.untilC.sinceD.when2.Don’triskanyofyourmoneyinthebusiness

youarenotafraidoflosingit.(条件状语2010.12,该语法点考了2次)A.afterB.beforeC.unlessD.when词汇与结构Not…until,直到…才，主句的谓语通常为瞬间动词。

引导条件状语从句的连词有if,unless,so/aslongas(只要),sofaras(只要),onconditionthat(如果),incase,suppose,supposing.2021/5/95二、状语从句(16次)3.peopleinvestmoneyinthiscompany

theybelieveitwillmakeprofit.(原因状语2011.12)A.thoughB.becauseC.unlessD.until4.TherewasnoprooftoshowthatCharleshadcommittedthecrime,

hewassetfree.(结果状语2012.12)A.butB.forC.orD.so词汇与结构还有由nowthat，seeingthat,inthat,forthereasonthat引出。引导结果状语从句的连词有sothat,so…,that…,so…that,such…that,withtheresultthat().2021/5/96二、状语从句(16次)5.

youchoosetocontactus,youcanexpectourefficientandhelpfulservice.(让步状语2011.12)A.NosoonerthanB.EversinceC.NomatterhowD.Eventhough词汇与结构

让步状语从句通常由although,though,however,whatever,whoever,nomatter(how,what,etc),evenif,eventhough。2021/5/97三.非谓语动词(12次)1.

greatlossesinthefinancialcrisis,thecompanycloseddownlastyear.(2012.6)A.BeingsufferedB.TosufferC.HavingsufferedD.suffered2.Thecompanyisofferingafivepercentdiscounttocustomersasaway

itsonlinesales.(2012.6)A.promotingB.promotedC.topromoteD.promotes词汇与结构逻辑主语company和从句动词suffer是主动关系，遭受损失发生在倒闭之前。asawaytodosth.作为某事的一种方式，不定式为定语。2021/5/98三.非谓语动词(12次)3.Theproposal

atthemeetingnowisofgreatimportancetoourdepartment.(2010.6)A.beingdiscussedB.tobediscussedC.havingdiscussedD.discussing词汇与结构2021/5/99四.虚拟语气(4次)1.Tommightnothavemadesuchaseriousmistakeifhe

youradvice.(2010.6)A.followedB.followsC.hadfollowedD.hasfollowed词汇与结构例：⑴、IfIhadcomehereyesterday,Iwouldhaveseenhim.⑵、IfIwereateacher,Iwouldbestrictwithmystudents.⑶、Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,theycouldn'tgoout.

2021/5/910

非真实条件句对三种时间的虚拟条件从句主句现在动词的过去式（be的过去式一般用were）

would/should/could/might+动词原形

过去had+过去分词

would/should/could/might+have+过去分词

将来动词过去式(did/were)wereto+动词原形，should+动词原形would/should/could/might+动词原形

2021/5/911四.虚拟语气(4次)2.EveryMondaymorningwhenIaminmysmalloffice,IwishI

inamultinationalcompany.(2011.6)A.wereworking B.haveworkedC.amtoworkD.work词汇与结构2021/5/912四.虚拟语气(4次)词汇与结构Wish

引导的虚拟语气

虚拟语气用在

wish

后的宾语从句中，（常常省去连词that），表示不可能实现的愿望。1．表示与现在事实相反的愿望构成：主语+

wish

(that)+从句主语(动词过去式,be一律用were）例如：I

wish

Ikneweverythingintheworld.2.表示与过去事实相反的愿望构成：主语+

wish

(that)+从句主语+(had+过去分词)例如：I

wish

thatyouhadcalledyesterday.3．表示将来不大可能实现的愿望构成：主语+

wish

(that)+从句主语+(would/should/could/might+原形动词)例如：I

wish

thathewouldtryagain.2021/5/913五、定语从句(7次)1.Infact,therearedifferentreasons

peopleareworkinglonghours.(

2012.6该语法点考了3次)A.where

B.whichC.whyD.how2.Wetakegreatprideinourcampus,

isoneofthemostbeautifuluniversitysettingsinthecountry.(2013.12)A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when词汇与结构how不用于定从，where表地点，which表物，why表原因2021/5/914六、强调句(4次)1.Itwasnotuntilyesterday

thebusinessnegotiationfinallycametoasuccessfulend.(

2013.12)A.whenB.thatC.sinceD.after2.Itwasbecauseofhisgoodperformanceattheinterview

hegotthejobwiththebigcompany.(2010.6)A.soB.whatC.thatD.how词汇与结构2021/5/915七、倒装(6次)1.Onlywhenwehurriedtotheairport

thebusinessnegotiationfinallycometoasuccessfulend.(

2010.6)A.wefoundB.didwefindC.havewefoundD.wehavefound2.Nosooner

hisjobinasmallcompanythanhereceivedanofferfromabiginternationalfirm.(2013.12)A.hequitB.hehadquitC.hadhequitD.doeshequit词汇与结构2021/5/916七、倒装(6次)1.

省略if的虚拟条件从句的倒装是将were,had和should移至主语前。e.g.shouldhecometomorrow,hewouldhelpuswithourwork.2.so,neither/nor开头。

结构为So+be(have,助动词、情态动词)+主语；neither/nor+be(have,助动词、情态动词)+主语。3.句首为否定意义的词。如never,notonly,notuntil,hardly/scarecely…when,seldom,nosooner…than,innoway等。4.句首为“only+副词”、“only+介词词组”、“only+状语分句”时。词汇与结构2021/5/917填空题Steps:1.根据句子理解句子意思。2.根据填空题前后的词性确定所填单词的词性、数目、时态、语态。词汇与结构2021/5/918词汇与结构近几年常考题型:1.单词的名词形式（出现13次）。e.g.Employersinasmall

(organize)areespeciallyinterestedinindividualswithgoodcommunicationskills.

需要考虑填名词形式的情况。缺少的部分是句子（从句）的主语、宾语。1、前面有形容词修饰。2.前面有定冠词“the”、不定冠词“a、an、many、any”、不定代词“your,his,her,their.etc”且空的后面不为名词时.3.前面同时有“1”和“2”的情况。例外：the+形容词=名词。organization2021/5/919词汇与结构4.“of”的后面，且其后没有名词

。e.g.Thepaintonthefencecameoffastheresultof

(expose)totherain.5.“With”的后面，前面可以有形容词。注意：注意名词单复数形式。Exercise:ModelTest7.exposure2021/5/920词汇与结构2.单词的形容词形式（出现15次）。e.g.Ofallthemarketingplansproposedatthemeeting,thisoneisbelievedtobethe

(practical).

需要考虑填形容词形式的情况。缺少的部分是定语或表语时。1、在系动词和感官动词如“feel,taste、smell、look、sound”后面做表语。2、后面有名词。3.前面有定冠词“the”、不定冠词“a、an、many”、指示代词“your,his,her,their.etc”且空的后面为名词时.mostpractical2021/5/921词汇与结构4.“of”的后面，且其后有名词

。5.“With”的后面，其后有名词。注意：注意形容词有原形、比较级、最高级形式。

有些动词的-ed,和-ing形式可以做形容词。Exercise(2013.12):1.wemakeeveryefforttoensurethatourtransactionprocessissafeandthatyour

(person)informationissecure.2.Itisnot

(surprise)thatthisnewstyleofhandbagismainlypurchasedbyyoungwomen.3.Salesinthefirsthalfoftheyearwere

(slow)thanexpected,buttheyareexpectingstrongersalesinthesecondhalf.personalsurprisingslower2021/5/922词汇与结构3.单词的动词形式（出现39次）。e.g.Attheendofyesterday’sinterview,she

(offer)thepositionadvertisedinthenewspaper.

场合：1、谓语动词形式。2、非谓语形式，动词的-ed,-ing,to+动词。

3、固定搭配wasoffered2021/5/923词汇与结构

1）.谓语动词(主句或从句中的谓语21次)

动词有时态，过去，现在，将来时

动词有语态，

主动、被动

动词有数的变化。（复数、第三人称单数）e.g.Thetotaloutputofthisfactory

(double)sinceitwasputintooperationin2006.Mostofthehighschoolstudentswho

(interviewed)yesterdaybelievedthattheyshouldcontinuewiththeireducation。Itisreportedthattheconstructionofthenewsubway

(complete)nextmonth.hasdoubledwereinterviewedwillbecompleted2021/5/924词汇与结构2）.非谓语动词（9次）todo,doing,done;e.g.Accordingtothesurvey

(conduct)recently,52%ofAmericanbusinesspeoplebookedtheirbusinesstravelonlinelastyear.Pleasereadthroughtheinformationbel