2011-2012学年高一英语必修1 (冀教版)素材(含教案和练习)MenandWomenDifferent教学案

MenandWomenDifferent教学案

2011-2012学年高一英语必修1(冀教版)素材(含教案和练习)

Unit3MenandWomenDifferentRolesinSociety(2)

一.教学内容：

Unit3(II)

语法讲解：

直接引语和间接引语

引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号标出,

叫做直接引语；用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号叫做间接引语，实际上

间接引语大都是宾语从句(其中由祈使句转换的间接引语除外，其转换后是不定

式)。那么直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句，转换为间接引

语时，句子的结构、人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等都要有变化，如何变化

呢？

1.人称的转变

(1)直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称，如：

Hesaid,“Iamverysorry."—Hesaidthathewasverysorry.

(2)直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称，

如：

“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,“myfathertoldme.—

MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.

(3)直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人

称。如:

Shesaidtoherson,“Hlcheckyourhomeworktonight."一

Shesaidtohersonthatshewouldcheckhishomeworkthatnight.

（4）人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如：

Heaskedme,“Willyougotothestationwithmetomeetafriendof

minethisafternoon?”一

HeaskedmewhetherIwouldgotothestationwithhimtomeetafriend

ofhisthatafternoon.

总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。

2.时态的转换

直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引

语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实

际也是宾语从句的时态要求），变化如下：

直接引语间接引语直接引语间接引语

一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时

现在进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时

现在完成时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时

一般将来时过去将来时

例如：

“Iamverygladtovisityourschool”,shesaid,f

Shesaidshewasverygladtovisitourschool.

Tomsaid,“Wearelisteningtothepopmusic."f

Tomsaidthattheywerelisteningtothepopmusic.

Motherasked,“HaveyoufinishedyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV?”

MotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforeIwatchedTV.

Heaskedtheconductor,“WhereshallIgetofftochangetoaNo.3

bus?”一

HeaskedtheconductorwherehewouldgetofftochangetoaNo.3bus.

“Whydidsherefusetogothere?”theteacherasked,f

Theteacheraskedwhyshehadrefusedtogothere.

Motheraskedme,“Hadyoufinishedyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatched

TV?”一

MotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforeIwatchedTV.

Tomsaid,“Wewerehavingafootballmatchthistimeyesterday.“一

Tomsaidthattheywerehavingafootballmatchthattimethedaybefore.

Hesaid,“Ihaventheardfrommyparentsthesedays."一

Hesaidthathehadntheardfromhisparentsthosedays.

3.直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况

(1)当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候，如：

Healwayssays,“Iamtiredout."-^Healwayssaysthatheistired

out.

(2)当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如：

Hewillsay,11trymybesttohelpyou."—Hewillsaythathe

willtryhisbesttohelpme.

(3)当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时，如:

Hesaid,“Iwenttocollegein1994.”-^Hetoldusthathewentto

collegein1994.

(4)当直接引语中有以when,while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时，如：

Hesaid,“WhenIwasachild,Iusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.”

―>

Hesaidthatwhenhewasachild,heusuallyplayedfootballafterschool.

(5)当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时，如：

Ourteachersaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound."一

Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

(6)当引语是谚语、格言时，如：

Hesaid,“Practicemakesperfect."—Hesaidthatpracticemakes

perfect.

(7)当直接引语中有情态动词should,would,could,hadbetter,would

rather,might,must,oughtto,usedto,need时，如：

例如：

Thedoctorsaid,“Youdbetterdrinkplentyofwater."f

ThedoctorsaidIdbetterdrinkplentyofwater.

Hesaid,“Shemustbeateacher."fHesaidthatshemustbeateacher.

Hesaid,“Sheoughttohavearrivedherofficebynow."一

Hesaidthatsheoughttohavearrivedherofficebythen.

Theteachersaid,“Youneednthandinyourcompositionstoday."一

Theteachersaidweneednt/didntneedto/didnthavetohandinour

compositions.

Sheasked,“MustItakethemedicine?”fSheaskedifshehadtotake

themedicine.

［注］:此处用hadto代替must更好

(8)此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定，不能机械照搬，如果当地转述，

here不必改为there,动词come不必改为go,如果当天转述yesterday,tomorrow,

thisafternoon等均不必改变。如：

Teacher：Youmayhavetheballgamethisafternoon.

Student：Whatdidtheteachersay,Monitor?

Monitor：Hesaidwemighthavetheballgamethisafternoon.

4.时间状语、地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词变化

(1)时间状语：

直接引语间接引语直接引语间接引语

nowthentomorrowthenext(following)day

todaythatdaynextweekthenext(following)week(month,year)

yesterdaythedaybeforetwodaysagotwodaysbefore

lastweek(month,year)theweek(month,year)beforethisweekthat

week(month,year)

(2)指示代词：these变成those

(3)地点状语：here变成there

Shesaid,“Iwontcomehereanymore."-Shesaidthatshewouldn'

tgothereanymore.

(4)动词：come变成go,bring变成take

5.直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化

(1)陈述句。用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可

用直接引语中的said,也可用told来代替，注意，可以说saidthat,saidtosb.

that,toldsb.that,不可直接说toldthat,如：

Hesaid,“IhavebeentotheGreatWall."—Hesaidtousthathehad

beentotheGreatWall.

Hesaid,“IllgiveyouanexaminationnextMonday."f

HetoldusthathewouldgiveusanexaminationthenextMonday.(不

可说toldthat)

此外主句中的谓语还常有：

repeat,whisper,answer,reply,explain,announce,declare,think等，

又如：

Hesaid,“Imlatebecauseoftheheavytraffic."fHeexplainedto

usthathewaslatebecauseoftheheavytraffic.

如果间接引语是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列从句，第一个连词可以

省略，以后的连词一般不省略，以免混乱。

Thedoctorsaid,“Youarenotseriouslyill,Youwillbebettersoon.”

―►

Thedoctorsaid(that)IwasnotseriouslyillandthatIwouldbebetter

soon.

(2)直接引语为一般疑问句，(也称是否疑问句，)间接引语用连词whether

或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等)，语序是陈述

句的语序，这一点非常重要。

Hesaid,“Doyouhaveanydifficultywithpronunciation?”

Heasked(me)whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithmypronunciation.

Hesaid,“YouareinterestedinEnglish,arentyou?”一

HeaskedwhetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.

(3)直接引语为选择疑问句，间接引语用whether…or…表达，而不用i『・・

or…，也不用either…or…。如：

Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorFrench???一

HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorFrench.

Iasked,“Willyoutakebusortaketrain?一

Iaskedhimwhetherhewouldtakebusortaketrain.

(4)直接引语为特殊疑问句，改成间接引语时，原来的疑问词作为间接引语

的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask(sb.)来表达，语序改为陈述句语序。如：

Heasked,“Whatsyourname?”fHeasked(me)whatmynamewas.

Heaskedus,“Howmanycarfactorieshavebeenbuiltinyourcountry?”

Heaskedushowmanycarfactorieshadbeenbuiltinourcountry.

(5)直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，用带to的不定式表达，谓语动词

常是ask,advise,tell,warn,order,request等。如asksb.todo,(由肯

定祈使句变成)asksb.nottodo(由否定祈使句转变)，并且在不定式短语中

的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化。如：

Hesaid,“Beseated,please."fHeaskedustobeseated.

“Dobecarefulwithyourhandwriting."Hesaid.一

Hetoldmetobecarefulwithmyhandwriting.

“Nevercomehereagain!”saidtheofficernearby.一

Theofficerorderedthevillagersnevertogothereagain.

“Donttouchanythinginthelabwithoutpermission,theteachersaid.

―►

Theteacherwarnedthestudentsnottotouchanythinginthelabwithout

permission.

(6)有些含有“建议”f、“劝告”一的祈使句，可用suggest,insist,

offer等动词转述，如：

Hesaid,“Letshavearest."—Hesuggestedourhavingarest.

Hesaid,“Letmehelpyou."fHeofferedtohelpme.

(7)当直接引语形式上是疑问句，有表示请求，建议意义时，可用asksb.to

dosth./suggestdoing/advisesb.todosth.等形式转述。如：

“Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?”heasked,fHeaskedmetoopen

thedoor.

“Whynotgoingoutforawalk?”heaskedus.一

Headvisedustogooutforawalk.或Hesuggestedwegooutforawalk.

(8)直接引语是感叹句时，变间接引语可用what或how引导，也可用that

引导,如：

Shesaid,“Whatalovelydayitis!”fShesaidwhatalovelydayit

was.或Shesaidthatitwasalovelyday.

【模拟试题】(答题时间：60分钟)

一、阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。

A

Myneighbor's8-year—olddaughterusedtostayinthecountryside,her

nativeplace.Recentlyherparentsbroughthertotowntolivewiththem.

Rudeandwild,shewouldswearoruseimpolitewordswhenshewasdispleased.

Sometimesshewentsofartorollontheground,tothedisgustofallpeople

around.Herparentstriedtotameherbybeatingandkicking,onlytoresult

inmoreviolentperformance.Finallytheybecamethoroughlydisappointed

ofher.

Onedaytheirnext-doorneighbor,aretiredwomanteacher,gavethegirl

asnow-whitedress,whichwasverybeautiful.Itimmediatelyarousedsparks

inhereyesandmadethemshinebrilliantly.Thegirlputonthedressand

becamequiteanotherperson.Shenolongersaidrudewordsorhitothers,

evenlessrolledonthefloor.Sheknewrunningwildwasbeneathherinsuch

abeautifuldress.Sincethenthegirlhasbeengentle,neatandlovely.

Thestorysetmethinkingalot.Maybeeverybodyhasabeautifuldress

hiddensomewhereinhisorherheart.Onlysomepeoplearen,tawareofit,

forgetitorloseit.Beautyisalsoapowerfulforce.Itcanarisefine

qualitiesthathumansarebornwithbuthavesofarunrevealed.Ithas

soul-shakinginfluencethatisindeedunparalleled.

1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat.

A.thegirlwaspleasedtoswearanduserudewords

B.notallthepeoplearounddislikedher

C.thegirlbecamepoliteafterbeingbeatingandkicking

D.thegirlwashardtotame

2.Thetextismainlywrittentoexplain.

A.beatingandkickingisnoteverything

B.everyonecanbeeducated

C.everybodydreamsofhavingabeautifuldress

D.beautyispowerfulandeffective

3.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.RetiredWomanTeacherB.ANaughtyGirl

C.ABeautifulDressD.AMovingStory

B

TheAmericansdividedtheirholidaysintotwodifferentsystems.Inthe

firstsystemaretheofficialgovernmentholidays.Mostofthesearefixed

tothenearestMondaytoprovideathree-dayweekendsforofficestaffs.

Thethreesummerholidays—MemorialDay,theFourthof

July（IndependenceDay）andLabourDay一arelegaloutdoorbarbecues（烤肉

野餐）.AllacrossthecountryhomemembersdustofftheirWebergrill（烤

架），openpacksorhotdogsforthechildrenandtakeoutchicken,steak

orribsfortheadults.

Thepopulationatlargealsoobservesadozenormoreunofficial

holidays.St.Patrick'sDayturnseverybodyintheUnitedStatesinto

honoraryIrishmenandwomen.Everythingturnsgreen.Barsservegreenbeer,

bakeriesproducegreenbread,Chicagogoestheextramileanddyestheriver

green.

NewYear'sEvecelebrationsontheEastCoastcenteraroundtelevision

eventsfromTimes

Square,NewYork,theofficialorganizationannounceswhentheNewYear

arrives.ButsincetheUnitedStatescoversfivetimezones,theNewYear

jumpsacrossthecountryinone-hourjumps,andbythetimeHawaiistrikes

itsclockfortheNewYear,therestofthecountryisfastasleep.

4.WhydomostofthefirstsystemholidaysarefixedtonearestMonday?

A.Becausemostofthethemareofficialgovernmentholidays.

B.Becausethelargepopulationofthemareunofficialholidays.

C.Inordertoprovidealongerholidayforofficestaffs.

D.Inordertoprovideweekendsforofficestaffs.

5.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtoofficialgovernment

holidays?

A.St.Patrick'sDayB.TheFourthofJuly

C.LabourDayD.MemorialDay

6.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?

A.Onoutdoorbarbecues,providingpacksofhotdogsforthechildren

andadults.

B.OnSt.Patrick'sDay,everythingturnsordyesgreen,includingbeer

breadandriver.

C.TheNewYeariscelebratedatthesametimeinUSA.

D.BythetimeHawaiistrikesitsclock,itmeansthattheNewYearis

cominginUSA.

C

Inthepast,peoplewhograduatedfromcollegefeltproudoftheir

academicachievementandbelievethattheirdegreewouldhelpthemtofind

agoodjob.

However,inthepastfouryearsthejobmarkethaschangeddramatically.

Thisyear'scollegegraduatesarefacingoneoftheworstjobmarketsin

years.Forexample,RyanStewart,agraduateofSanJoseStateUniversity,

gotadegreeinreligiousstudies,buthehasnotgottenanyjoboffers.

Hepointsoutthatmanypeoplealreadyworkingaregettinglaidoffanddon'

thavejobs,soit,sevenharderfornewcollegegraduatestofindjobs.

Fouryearsago,thefuturelookedbrightfortheclassof2003.There

weremanyhigh-tech("dotcom")jobopportunities,graduatesreceived

manyjoboffers,andtheywereabletogetjobswithhighsalariesand

benefitssuchasinsuranceandpaidvacations.However,“Timeshave

changed.It'sanewmarket,“accordingtoCherylAllmen-Vinnidgeofthe

SanJoseStateCareerCenter.

Allmen-Vinnidgesaysstudentswhodofindjobsstartedpreparingtwo

yearsago.Theyworkedduringsummervacations,theyhavehadseveral

internships,andtheymajoredinfieldsthatarestillpayingwell,such

asaccountingornursing.

Eventeachingisnotasecureprofessionnow.RyanStewartwantedto

beateacher,butinsteadhewillprobablygobacktoschoolinorderto

becomeacollegeteacher.Hethinkscollegeteachingcouldbeagoodcareer

eveninabadeconomy.

Inconclusion,thesedaysacollegedegreedoesnotautomaticallylead

toagoodjobwithahighsalary.Somestudentscanonlyhopethatthevalue

oftheirdegreewillincreaseinthefuture.

7.Thisstorymentionscollegegraduatesat

A.SanJoseStateCareerCenter.B.SanJoseCommunityCollege.

C.SanJoseStateUniversity.D.SanJosePolytechnicHighSchool.

8.Themainideaofthisstoryisthat

A.RyanStewarthasnotbeenabletofindajob.

B.acollegecareercenterisacrossroadsbetweencollegeandthereal

world.

C.insomefields,salarieshaveincreasedinthepastyear.

D.between1999and2003,thejobmarketchangeddramatically.

9.Whichofthefollowingthingsdidnothappeninthefouryearsthat

theclassof2003wasincollege?

A.Dotcomopportunitiesdecreased.

B.Thenumberofteachingjobsincreased.

C.Salariesinchemicalengineeringincreased.

D.Thenumberofjobswithbenefitsdecreased.

10.Whichofthefollowingmajorshasthebestjobprospects,according

tothestory?

A.Informationsystemsmanagement.

B.Accounting.

C.Computerscience.

D.Teaching.

D

SteveNashscoredsevenofhis39pointsinovertime（力口时赛）after

hittingagame-tyingthree-pointerinregulation,andthePhoenixSuns

earnedtheirfirsttriptotheWesternConferencefinalsin12yearswith

athrilling（激动人心的）130-126victoryoverDallasonFriday.Phoenix

wontwostraightgamestotakethisseries4-2andsetupameetingwith

theSanAntonioSpursbeginningSunday.ItwillbetheSunsfirstappearance

intheconferencefinalssincetheirNBAFinalsseasonin1993.Nash

continuestobackuphisMVPstatus（最有价值球员）withmemorablegames.In

additiontohis39points,hegrabbed（抓住）ninereboundsandhandedout

12assists一一continuallysettinguphisteammatesforclutchfieldgoals

atkeymomentsinthegame.Hisleaningthree-pointerwith5.7secondsleft

inregulationtiedthegameandquietedanAmericanAirlinesCentercrowd

thatusedtocheerforhimwhenheplayedfortheMavericks.

11.Accordingtothenews,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.ItwasthefirsttimethatThePhoenixSunshadgottentotheWestern

Conferencefinals.

B.SteveNashplayedanimportantroleinthePhoenixSuns'earning

theirtriptotheWesternConferencefinals.

C.ThePhoenixSunswilldefeattheSanAntonioSpurs.

D.NashjustplayedforThePhoenixSuns.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“backup"mean?

A.gobackwardB.blockC.supportD.change

E

AtechnologyforfindingWebsitesbytypingwordsintotheaddressbar

ofabrowser（浏览）iscomingoutinSouthKoreaafterfailingintheUnited

States,andcouldmaketheInternetmoreaccessible（可用的）fornon-English

speakers.

ThetechnologyistheworkofacompanycalledNetpiathataimstocut

outsearchengines.Italreadyworksforhundredsofthousandsof

Korean-languageaddressesrecognizedbyNetpia'sdatabase（数据库）,and

thecompanyistestingitinanother95languages.

WebsiteoperatorshavetoregisterkeywordswithNetpia,forafee,

tomaketheservicework.

“Two-thirdsoftheworldusenon-Englishlanguageandifthis

technologyisadopted（采用）,itwillmakeitmucheasiertofindaWeb

siteandthusboost（增强，提高）cybertransactionsandaccessibilityto

Webinformation,,,LeePan-jung,chiefexecutiveatNetpia,saidinarecent

interview.

“Peoplefeelmorecomfortablewiththeirmotherlanguageandthis

technologyisaveryusefultooltospur（激励，策动）theuseoftheInternet

asitappeals（引起兴趣）eventochildrenandelderlypeoplewithno

knowledgeofEnglish.”

AU.S.companycalledRealnameshadofferedasimilarkeywordaddressing

serviceandoncetriedtotakeoverNetpia.ButthedealfailedandRealnames

stoppedoperationslastyearafterMicrosoftCorp,endedapartnershipthat

madetheserviceworkwithitsExplorerbrowser.

Someanalystsarepessimistic（悲观的）aboutwhetheritcancompete

withsearchenginessuchasGoogle,whichisavailableinsome90languages.

“Idon'texpectmanytoregisteradditionaladdresses.Onlysome

corporate（社团的公司的）clients（顾客）arelikelytodoso,“saidPark

Jong-min,ananalystatSamsungSecurities.

“Peoplearelikelytopreferrunningsearchenginesthantryingkeyword

addressinthefirstplacewhentheyarenotsurewhethersuchaddresses

existornot.”

13.Thenewtechnologycanmakecomputerusers.

A.findwebsitesbysearchengines

B.findwebsitesbytypingtheirnativelanguagesintotheaddressbar

ofbrowser

C.createtheirownwebsiteseasier

D.runtheircomputersmuchfaster

14.Ifyouwanttousethisnewtechnology,you.

A.cangettheserviceforfree

B.mustgotoNetpia'sdatabase

C.mustn,tusesearchengines,especiallyGoogle

D.mustpayfortheservice

15.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOT

true?

A.AU.Scompany一RealnamesonceworkedwithMicrosoftCorp.

B.Thenewtechnologywillevenmaketheelderpeoplewithnoknowledge

ofEnglishinterestedintheinternet.

C.Manypeopleincludingtheauthorarepessimisticaboutthenew

technology.

D.It'snotclearwhetherthenewtechnologywilltaketheplaceof

searchengine.

16.Thebesttitleofthepassageshouldbe.

A.non-Englishsearchtooltakesthewebworldwider

B.moreandmorepeoplebegintousenon-Englishsearchtool

C.non-Englishsearchtooltakestheplaceofsearchengines

D.NetpiadefeatsRealnames

F

Itisclearthatwomensroleshavechangedgreatlyinrecentyears.Women

havelostsomeofthecontroloversmallchildrenthattheyformerlyenjoyed

asthe“primaryteacher,,,fortheyarenowcompetingwithschoolteachers

andtheTVset,amongotherforces.Womenhavealsosufferedalossintheir

traditionaleconomicrole.Thefoodcropswomenonceproducedhavebeen

replacedwithimported（进口的）foodinmanypartsofMicronesiatoday.

Locallygrown,breadfruitandbananashavebeenreplacedbyrice,bread,

andotherforeign-boughtfoodstuffs（食品）.

Men,ofcourse,havesufferedasimilarfate.Infact,whenthemoderator

（仲裁）calledforavoteonwhethermaleorfemaleroleshadchangedmore

inrecentyears,mostfeltthatmenhadsufferedevengreaterchangesthan

women.Men,forinstance,arenotrequiredtogofishingasoftenasthey

oncedidsincethestoreoffersaselectionoffrozenandcannedprotein

itemsfromabroad.Theytooseemtohavefoundtheirteachingrolesweakened.

Thedifference,asoneparticipantputit,isthis.Ifmenstraditional

roleshaveeroded（受侵蚀）overtime,newroleshavetakentheplaceofthe

old.Whenwomensroleswerelostinthecourseofchange,however,theywere

neverreplaced.Women,whowereonceseenascontributors（贡献者）totheir

societyonapar（同等）withmen,arenowbecomingevermoreeconomically

ignored.Theyareseenprimarilyashousewivesdependentuponmale

bread-winners,inthewordsofoneperson.Menhavebeengenerallygiven

access（通道）tonewrolesinthemodernsociety,whilewomenhavenot.

17.What'sthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Men'sroleinsociety.

B.Women'sroleinsociety.

C.Thedifferencebetweenthechancesofmen'sroleinsocietyandwomen,

s.

D.Menandwomenshouldbeonapar

18.What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“putit”inthe3rd

paragraph?

A.sayB.layC.correctD.brake

19.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat

A.womenlovetheirownchildrensomuchthattheycannotworkas

teachers.

B.inmanypartsofMicronesiapeopletodaymainlyliveonLocallygrown

breadfruitandbananas.

C.ascontributorstosociety,womenwerenevertreatedequal（平等）.

D.whentraditionalroles'changetakeplace,menaremucheasierto

getnewones.

20.Thewritergivesanexamplethatmenarenotrequiredtogofishing

asoftenastheydidbeforetosupporttheideathat

A.It'sclearthatwomen,sroleshavegreatlyincreasedinrecent

years

B.It'sclearthatmen'sroleshavechange