2024届山西省高三下学期高考英语模拟试题（含答案）

/2024届山西省高三下学期高考英语模拟试题一、阅读理解1、NewYorkCityhasmanyremarkableparksandopencesthatareperfectforhangingoutinwarmweather.Herearefourofourfavoriteplacestotakeascenicwalk,pluswheretoeatnearby.LouisValentino,Jr.ParkDon’tletallofthefactoriesfoolyou—LouisValentino,Jr.ParkhasthebestviewoftheStatueofLiberty.Whenyougethungry,stopbyRedHookLobsterPoundformayo-coatedlobster(龙虾).Sitatoneofthecafe’sfirstcome,firstservedoutdoortables,oreatonthewaterfront.RiversideParkStretching4milesfrom72ndto158thSt,RiversideParkisperfectforhangingoutalongtheHudsonRiver,enjoyingbeautifulviewsofNewJersey.Ifwalkingthewholewayisn’tyourthing,there’sabikepathtoo.DailyProvisionsoffersfantasticsandwichchoices,likejuicychickenandsmokedbacon.CentralParkTherearemanyreasonstowalkthroughCentralParkthisspring:historiclandmarks,greatbirdwatchingspots,andhangingoutwithfriends.Andwhiletheseareenjoyableactivities,they’reevenbetterwithapastramisandwichfromPastramiQueen.RidgewoodReservoirAtRidgewoodReservoir,you’llfindaneasyhikingspotwithapeacefulnaturepreserveandskylineviewsofManhattan.Afterhiking,headtoRolo’sforvarioussandwichoptions.Ithasoutdoortablesbutnoheaters,soyoucantakeeverythingtogoifit’stoocoldout.【小题1】WhatisthebestspotforenjoyingviewsoftheStatueofLiberty?【小题2】WhatmakesRiversideParkanattractivedestination?【小题3】Whereisthisarticlemostlikelysourcedfrom?2、CharlieJeffers,17,asenioratRedwoodHighSchoolinMarinCounty,Calif.,haslovedLegosinceage4.HisroomisfullofLegobricks.NoticinghisfriendsstartthrowingawaytheiroldLegocollections,hehatchedaplan.“Legosarepricey,”henoted.“Manycan’taffordthem.”HestartedcollectingunwantedLegopartsfromfriendsandneighbors,spreadingthewordthroughcommunitynoticesanddoor-to-doorvisits.Theresponsewassurprising.DonationsofoldLegosetspouredin,propellingJefferstoformalizehiseffortsunderthebannerofPasstheBricks.Togetherwithadedicatedteamofvolunteers,Jeffersandhisteammatescarefullyclean,sort,andrepurposecollectedLegopiecesintoimaginativesets.Thesesets,eachwithroughly20to60pieces,arecarefullymadetocreatescenessuchasblinddatesorfamilyphotoshoots.Sinceitsstartin2020,PasstheBrickshasmadeasignificantsuccess.Withover3,000setsdonatedtodate,Jeffersandhisteamaredrivenbytwopurposes:toreducelandfillwasteandtoprovideLegostochildrenwhomightotherwisegowithout.JeffersstressestheeducationalvalueofLego,emphasizingitscapacitytoinspirecreativityandlearning.PasstheBrickshassinceexpandeditsreachnationwide,withvolunteersinseveralstatesdistributingsetstolocalcharities.Toensureeachsetispresentedwithcare,Jeffersusesdonationsandpersonalfundsfromhisjobatagymtopurchaseaffordablecardboardgiftboxesonline.Thesesets,accompaniedbyinstructionsandaphotoofthefinishedproduct,aredistributedtovariousorganizationsanddirectlytochildrenatlocalschools.Despitehisapproachingtocollege,JeffersremainsdevotedtohiscommitmenttoPasstheBricks.Heplanstocontinueandexpandtheinitiative,drivenbyadesiretosharethejoyandeducationalbenefitsofLegowithasmanychildrenaspossible.“We’regratefultosharethemwiththekidsandfamiliesweserve,”Jeffersexpresses.ReflectingonhisownLego-filledchildhood,heacknowledgesitsprofoundinfluence.“Iaimtoprovideotherswiththesamechance,”heemphasizes,echoinghisongoingcommitmenttosharingthejoyofLegowithall.【小题1】WhatistheprimarypurposeofPasstheBricks?【小题2】Whichbestreplacestheword“propelling”inparagraph2?【小题3】HowdoesJeffersensurethateachsetispresentedwithcare?【小题4】WhatdoesJeffershopetoachievebycontinuingPasstheBricks?3、Ifyou’reluckyenoughtolivenearforests,you’llknowthatit’scoolerunderthetreesduringhotmid-days.Evenifyouliveinacitywithmorebuildingsthantrees,visitingalocalparkorgardencanhelpyoustaycool.AstudyfromtheUniversityofSurreyintheUKfoundthatbotanicalgardenscanmakecityaircoolerbyupto5degreesCelsius.Wetlandsandraingardensaren’tfarbehind,coolingtheairbyabout4.7and4.5degreesCelsius.Treesalongstreetsalsohelp,loweringairtemperaturesby3.8degreesCelsius,whilecityparkscanmakeit3.2degreesCelsiuscooler.Thepapernotesthatanairtemperatureof40.3℃(104.5℉)brokerecordsintheUKonJuly19,2022.Some62,862deathswerelinkedtosummerheatacrossEuropeinthesameyear,whilethe2003heatwaveinEuropeledtoaneconomiclossof€16billionduetodroughtandcropfailures.AccordingtotheIPCC,“greenandblueurbaninfrastructure(基础设施)elements,includingparks,engineeredgreeningprojects,wetlands,greenwalls,andbotanicalgardens,areparticularlyeffectiveinreducingairtemperaturesincities”.We’vealreadyseenanumberofarchitectureprojectsaroundtheworldemploylargeamountsofgreenerytopromotelocalcooling,alongwithbeneficiallandscaping.However,it’simportanttorecognizethatthereisn’tonesimplesolutiontosuiteverysite,andmuchwilldependoneffectiveplanning.“Ourpaperconfirmsjusthowmanywaystherearetokeepcool,”addedProfessorMariadeFatimaAndradeattheUniversityofSaoPaulo,Brazil."Butitalsorevealshowmuchworkislefttodo.Institutionsaroundtheworldneedtoinvestintherightresearch-becausewhat’sveryclearfromourstudyisthatthereisnouniversalsolution.Itdependsonwhatworksforyourcommunity.”【小题1】Whatcanweconcludefromthefirsttwoparagraphs?【小题2】Whydoestheauthormention“Europe”inparagraph3?【小题3】WhatdoesProfessorAndradeemphasizeaboutcoolingsolutions?【小题4】Whatmightbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?4、AteamofscientistsfromtheCenterforCognitionandSocialityandtheDataScienceGroupattheInstituteforBasicScience(IBS)madeanexcitingdiscoveryabouthowcomputersandhumanbrainsworksimilarlywhenrememberingthings.Theyfoundoutthatthewayartificialintelligence(AI)models,likethoseinsmartrobots,storememoriesisalotlikehowourbrain’smemorycenter,calledthehippocampus(海马体),doesit.Thispartofthebrainisreallyimportantforfeelingsandmemories.UnderstandinghowAIlearnsandkeepsinformationiskeytomakingitsmarter.ThescientistslookedintohowourbrainslearnandrememberbyfocusingonaspecialprocessinvolvingtheNMDAreceptor,acriticalpartofthehippocampus.Thisreceptorworkslikeasmartdoorinourbrainthathelpswithlearningandremembering.Itopenswhencertainbrainchemicalsarepresent,allowingthecelltoreceivesignalsandcreatememories.Aspecificelement,magnesium,actslikeaguard,onlylettingsubstancesinundertherightconditions.Interestingly,theteamfoundthatTransformer,atypeofAImodel,usesasimilar“guarding”methodtomanageitsmemory.TheywonderediftheycouldmaketheTransformer’smemorybetterbycopyingthebrain’sprocess.ByadjustingsomesettingsintheTransformertomimic(模拟、模仿)thebrain’smemorydoor,theyimproveditsabilitytorememberthingslong-term,justlikeadjustingmagnesiumlevelscanaffecthowwellwerememberstuff.ThisdiscoveryisabigdealbecauseitshowswecanusewhatweknowaboutthebraintomakeAIsmarter.C.JustinLEE,aneuroscience(神经学)directorattheinstitute,mentionedthatthisresearchwasabigstepforwardforbothAIandbrainscience.ItopensupnewwaystounderstandhowthebrainworksandtocreatemoreadvancedAIbasedontheseinsights.So,insimpleterms,scientistshavefiguredoutthatcomputerscanlearnandrememberinwaysthataresurprisinglysimilartous,whichcouldhelpmakethemevensmarterinthefuture.【小题1】Whatdoestheterm“NMDAreceptor”inparagraph2mostlikelyreferto?【小题2】WhatdidtheteamdiscoveraboutTransformer?【小题3】WhatisthesignificanceoftheresearchfindingsaccordingtoC.JustinLEE?【小题4】Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?5、 HowtoDevelopCriticalThinkingSkillsThere’snomagicmethodtochangeyourthinkingprocesses.Improvementhappenswithsmall,intentionalchangesinyoureverydayhabitsuntilamorecriticalapproachtothinkingisautomatic.Herearesometipsforbuildingstrongerself-awarenessandlearninghowtoimprovecriticalthinking:Becareful

【小题1】

.Oneofthekeyprinciplesofcriticalthinkingisaskingquestionsandanalyzingtheavailableinformation.Youmightsurpriseyourselfatwhatyoufindwhenyoustoptothinkbeforetakingaction.Beforemakingadecision,useevidence,logic,andreasoningtosupportyourownopinionsorchallengeideas.

【小题2】

.Askopen-endedquestions“Yes”or“no”questionsinviteagreementratherthanreflection.

【小题3】

.Diggingdeepercanhelpyouidentifypotentialbiases,uncoverassumptions,andarriveatnewpossiblesolutions.LearntobequietActivelisteningistheintentionalpracticeofconcentratingonaconversationpartnerinsteadofyourownthoughts.

【小题4】

.Ifyou’rebrainstormingwithyourteamorhavinga1:1withacoworker,listen,askclarifyingquestions,andworktounderstandotherpeople’sviewpoints.Thiswillhelpyoufindweaknessesinargumentsforbettersolutions.PutitdownRecordingyourthoughtswithpenandpapercanleadtostrongerbrainactivitythantypingthemoutonakeyboard.Ifyou’restuckandwanttothinkmorecriticallyaboutaproblem,writingyourideascanhelpyouprocessinformationmoredeeply.

【小题5】

.Ideasaremorelikelytoremaininthebackgroundofyourmind,leadingtodeeperthinkingthatinformsyourdecision-makingprocess.二、完形填空6、Onesunnyafternoon,Lilyfoundalostkittenhidingbehindabush.Itwasmewingwithtears.Lily’sheartmelted(融化)atthe

.Withouthesitation,shepickeditupandhelditinher

.Fromthatmomenton,Lilyandthekitten,whomshenamedWhiskers,became

.Theyspenttheirdaysexploringthewoods,runningafterbutterflies,andeven

secrets.LilywouldoftenreadherfavoritebooksaloudtoWhiskers,whoseemedto

happilybyherside.Astheseasons

andyearspassed,theirbondonlygrew

.Whiskersgrewintoabigcat,buthisloveforLilyremainedfirm.Hewasherconstantfriend,offering

duringherchallengingtimes.Onewinter’sday,aheavysnowstormsweptthroughthetown,leavingeverything

inwhite.Lily,worriedaboutWhiskersbeingoutinthecold,searched

forhim.Afterhoursofsearching,shefoundhimhuddled(蜷缩)beneathatree,hisfurwas

infrost.Withtearsinhereyes,LilygentlypickedupWhiskersandrushedhimhome.She

himinawarmblanket,nestledhimbythefireplace,andheldhimclose.Astheysattogether,lyinginthe

,LilyrealizedjusthowmuchWhiskersmeanttoher.Fromthatdayforward,Lilypromisedtoalwaysvaluethespecial

theyshared.Throughthickandthin,theywouldstandbyeachother’s

,theirheartsforeverintertwinedinabondofunconditionalloveandfriendship.【小题1】【小题2】【小题3】【小题4】【小题5】【小题6】【小题7】【小题8】【小题9】【小题10】【小题11】【小题12】【小题13】【小题14】【小题15】三、语法填空7、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。JaneEyre(《简爱》)isatimelessclassicthatattractsreaderswithitspowerfulstorytellingandunforgettablecharacters.

【小题1】

(write)byCharlotteBronte,thisnovelfollowsthejourneyofJaneEyre,apooryoungwomanwhoovercomesadversity

【小题2】

(find)loveandindependence.ThenovelisamasterpieceofVictorianliterature,exploringthemesoflove,morality,andsocialclass.JaneEyre’sstrongsenseofself-worthandindependencemakesherattractive,whileherloveforMr.Rochesteraddsdepth

【小题3】

thestory.Bronte’swritingstyleis

【小题4】

(elegance)andinteresting,drawingreadersintoJane’sworldandengagingthemintherichlydetailedsettingsofThornfieldHallandYorkshire.Thenovel’satmosphericdescriptionsandvividimagerybringthestorytolife,

【小题5】

(create)anabsorbingreadingexperience.OneofthemostmemorableaspectsofJaneEyreisits

【小题6】

(explore)ofcomplexinnerstrugglesof

【小题7】

(it)characters.FromJane’sinternalconflictstoMr.Rochester’stroubledpast,thenovelexploresthedepthsofhumanemotionwithsensitivity.Overall,JaneEyreisaneverlastingmasterpiece

【小题8】

continuestoattractreadersofallages.Itspowerfulthemes,memorablecharacters,andengagingstorytellingmakeit

【小题9】

must-readforanyoneseekinganunforgettablenovel.Sofar,JaneEyre

【小题10】

(leave)alastinglegacy(遗产),inspiringnumerousadaptationsinfilm,television,andtheater.Itstimelessthemescontinuetoattractaudiencesofallages,makingitabelovedclassicforgenerationstocome.四、书信写作8、假定你是李华，下周英语口语课上，你班同学将就“体育老师能不能当班主任”这一话题进行交流。请你准备一份发言稿，向大家分享你的看法并陈述理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Hello,everyone!I’mgladtohavethischancetosharemyviewon…_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thanksforlistening!五、书面表达9、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Asaneducator,IhavediscoveredthatthelifelessonsthatstudentsbringwiththemtoschoolaretheonesthatItrulyneedtolearn.Onestorythatdescribesthisawesomeresponsibilitystartswithasecondyearcollegestudent.Everyday,hewouldcomeintomymathclass,sitintheverybackandavoideyecontact.WhenIwouldasktheclassquestions,Icouldhearadeepvoicecomingfromhisdirectionsayingthecorrectanswereverysingletime.Iimmediatelybegantoinvestigateandfoundthathehadhighstandardizedtestscoresbuthisreportcardinschooldidnotmatchhisperformances.Iknewsomethinghadtochange.Throughourschoolmentoring(辅导制)program,Iaskedhimifhewouldliketobeapartofasupportteamthatwasspecificallydesignedtohelphimgraduateontimewithhisclassmates.Thisprogramrequiredmetovisitallofhisclassroomteachers,helphimcompleteeveryassignment,providehimwithmaterialstofinishprojects,andconstantlyremindhimthatsuccesscouldbeachievedifhestayedonthispath.Inhissenior,hewasabletomaketheHonorRoll(光荣榜).Thisstudenthadbeenlivingwithhisgreat-grandfatherinsteadoflivingwithhismotherandsixsiblings(姊妹).Theconceptoffamilyhadnotbeendemonstratedinhislife.However,atschool,thisprogramprovidedhimwithateamthatfocusedonhisacademicneedsaswellascelebratedhissuccesses.Theideaoffamily,wherehewascaredforandwasseenasimportant,wasabletobecomeareality.Unfortunately,duringhissenioryear,hisgreat-grandfatherpassedaway,whichterriblyinfluencedhisnewlypositiveviewoflife.Butbecauseofthebondthatwasestablishedoverthepasttwoyearsthroughtheprogram,Iwasabletokeephimfocusedonwhathecouldcontroltoachievehisgoal.Heshoweddeterminationandperseverance,andhebecameaseniorwithhisoriginalclassandhadtheopportunitytograduatewithhisfriends.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Sadly,whengraduationdayapproached,herefusedtoattendtheceremony._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Icans