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第04讲形容词和副词【学习目标】掌握形容词和副词的基本用法。掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成及用法。掌握形容词与副词的转换。【基础知识】I、形容词一、形容词的一般用法1、作定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面。It’sacoldandwindyday.2、作表语,放在系动词的后面。(look,feel,smell,sound….)Helookshappytoday.3、形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词时,须放在其后。Wouldyoulikesomethinghottodrink?4、表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词,应放在相应的名词之后。Howlongistheriver?It’sabouttwohundredmetreslong.5、只能作表语的形容词:afraid;alone;asleep;awake;alive;well健康的;ill;frightenedThemanisill.(正)Theillmanismyuncle.(误)6、只能作定语的形容词:little小的;only唯一的;wooden木质的;woolen羊毛质的;elder年长的MyelderbrotherisinBeijing.(正)Mybrotheriselder.(误)7、貌似副词的形容词:lonely;friendly;lively;lovely二、形容词常用句型1、“It’s+adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。=Sb+be+adj+todosth注意:这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,如good,kind,nice,polite,clever,foolish,lazy,careful,careless,right(正确的),wrong等。It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.(=Youareverykindtohelpme.)2、“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。=Todosthisadjforsb.注意:这一句型中常用的形容词有important,necessary,difficult,easy,hard,dangerous,safe,useful,pleasant,interesting,impossible等。It’snoteasyforthemtolearnaforeignlanguage.(=Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasyforthem.)3、表示感情或情绪的形容词,如glad,pleased,sad,thankful等常接不定式。I’mverysadtohearthebadnews.4、表示能力和意志的形容词,如ready(乐意的,有准备的),able(有能力的),sure(一定),certain(一定)等常接不定式。LeiFengisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Heissuretogettoschoolontime.Ⅱ、副词一、副词的分类副词按词汇意义可分为:方式副词:well,fast,slowly,carefully,quickly程度副词:very,much,enough,almost,rather,quite地点副词:here,there,out,somewhere,abroad,home时间副词:today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still频度副词:always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never否定副词:no,not,neither,nor疑问副词:where,how,why其他:also,too,only二、副词的基本用法:1)、副词是用来修饰形容词、其他副词,一般放在被修饰词之前.Heplaysthepianoverywell.2).、副词是用来修饰动词,常放在动词之后.Hegotupquickly3)、enough修饰adj/adv时,放在其后.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.三、常见副词用法辨析1、already与yet的区别already用于肯定句句中,表示“已经”;yet用于否定句句末,表示“还”,用于疑问句句末,表示“已经”HehadalreadyleftwhenIcalled.Haveyoufoundyourruleryet?2、very,much和verymuch.的区别very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级;much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级;修饰动词要用verymuch.Johnisveryhonest.Thisgardenismuchbiggerthanthatone.Thankyouverymuch.3、so与such的区别⑴、so修饰形容词或副词;such修饰名词MybrotherrunssofastthatIcan’tfollowhim.Heissuchaboy.⑵、so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词Heissocleveraboy.=Heissuchacleverboy.Itissuchcoldweather.Theyaresuch_goodstudents.⑶、名词前有many,much,few,little(少量的)用so不用such.(多多少少仍用so)但little表示“小的”用such.Thereare___littlesheeponthehill.4、also,too,aswell与either的区别also,aswell,too,用于肯定句,also常用于be动词,情态动词,助动词之后,行为动词之前;aswell,too用于句末;either用于否定句中,置于句末。例如,Myfatherisateacher.Mymotherisalsoateacher.=Myfatherisateacher.Mymotherisateacheraswell.=Myfatherisateacher.Mymotherisateacher,too.Ican’tspeakFrench……Jennycan’tspeakFrench,either.5、sometime,sometimes,sometime与sometimes的区别sometime:表示将来的或过去的某一个不确定的时间。sometimes:有时,不时的=attimessometime:一段时间sometimes:几次,几倍We’llhaveatestsometimenextmonth.Sometimeswearebusyandsometimeswearenot.HestayedinBeijingforsometimelastyear.IhavebeentoBeijingsometimes.6、ago与before的区别ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”,常与一般过去时连用,不可以单独使用。before指过去或将来的某时刻“以前”,也可泛指以前,常和完成时连用,可以单独使用。Isawhimtenminutesago.Hetoldmethathehadseenthefilmbefore.7、now,just与justnow的区别now:与一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用,意为“现在”just:与现在完成时连用,表示“刚……”justnow:和过去时连用,表示“刚才”Wheredoeshelivenow?Wehavejustseenthefilm.Hewasherejustnow.8、lonely/alone的区别1)、alone独自一人/没有同伴,既可作adj也可作adv.2)、lonely表示孤独,寂寞,也可修饰地点,表示荒凉,偏僻的,常与feel连用。3)、alone只作表语(以a开头的形容词一般只作表语,不作定语)而lonely既可作表语,也可作定语)Helivesaloneonalonelyisland.Heisalone,buthedoesn’tfeellonely.9、fast/quickly/soon的区别.fast表示速度之快quickly表示动作之快soon表示时间之快I’mleavinghomethisafternoon.Really?Whyso______?A.fastB.soonC.quicklyD.earlyⅢ、形容词,副词的比较级、最高级一、规则变化1、一般在词尾直接加er或est,tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest2、以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st,nice-nicer-nicest3、以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est,heavy-heavier-heaviest4、重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est,big-bigger-biggest注:大,红,湿,热,悲,瘦,胖.双写末辅再变级.(big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat)5、部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级,beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautiful注:表示否定意义在其前加less/leastimportant----lessimportant----leastimportantEnglishismoreinterestingthanChinese=ChineseislessinterestingthanEnglish.6、由“形容词+ly”构成的副词,在其前加more/mostslowly---moreslowly----mostslowly;但early—earlier---earliest二、不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldold/elderold/eldestbad/badly/illworseworstfarfarther(距离)/further(程度)farthest/furthest下列单、双音节词只能加more和most原级比较级最高级like(想似的)morelikemostlikereal(真的)morerealmostrealtiredmoretiredmosttiredpleasedmorepleasedmostpleasedoftenmoreoftenmostoftenⅣ、形容词,副词等级的用法一、原级的用法1、只能修饰原级的词,very,quite,so,tooHeistootiredtowalkon.MybrotherrunssofastthatIcan’tfollowhim.2、原级常用的句型结构(1)A=B-----A+as+adj/adv的原级+as+B表示“A和B一样”TomisasoldasKate.TomrunsasfastasMike.(2)A<B---A+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B表示“A不如B…”Thisroomisnotas/sobigasthatone.Hedoesn’twalkasslowlyasyou.二、比较级的用法1、可以修饰比较级的词.much,alot,far,…的多alittle,abit,…一点儿even甚至,still仍然LessonOneismucheasierthanLessonTwo.Tomlooksevenyoungerthanbefore.2、比较级常用的句型结构“甲+形容词/副词的比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”TomistallerthanKate.Igotupearlierthanmymotherthismorning.三、最高级的用法1)、结构:the+最高级+of+人或物(in+地点)HeisthetallestofalltheboysHeworkshardestinhisclass.注:副词的最高级前the可省掉2)、the+序数词+形容词的最高级+单数名词TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.3)、oneof+the+形容词的最高级+复数名词Heisoneoftheclevereststudentsinourclass.4)、“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者以上的比较。Whichseasondoyoulike(the)best,spring,summerorautumn?四、级别的转换1)、原级与比较级的转换a)、倍数+as…as→(倍数-1)+比较级+thanThisroomisfivetimesasbigasthatone=Thisroomisfourtimesbiggerthanthatone.b)、.notas…as与比较级的转换A+notas…as+B→A+比较级(反义词的比较级)+than+B→B+比较级+than+AMaryisnotasoldasTom.=MaryisyoungerthanTom.=TomisolderthanMary.Thisbookisnotasexpensiveasthatone=Thisbookischeaperthanthatone=Thatbookismoreexpensivethanthisone.2)、比较级与最高级的转换a)、the+最高级+of/in……b)、比较级+than+anyother+单数名词+theother+复数名词+anyoneelse+anyoftheother+复名c)、Nobodyelse+比较级+than……Tomisthetallestboyinourclass.Tomistallerthananyotherboyinourclass.Tomistallerthantheothersinourclass.NobodyelseistallerthanTominourclass.五、级别的惯用法1、“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。Heisgettingtallerandtaller.2、“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyou’llmake.3、“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo+……”表示“甲是两者中较……的”。(ofthetwins/parents…)Lookatthetwoboys.Mybrotheristhetallerofthetwo.4、当adj的最高级前有物主代词,名词所有格,指示代词时,不用the.Thisismybestbookofall.5、相比较的前后两部分必须是同类比较.Mypencilislongerthanyours.6、比较时不能与自身相比注:当相比较的两者属于同一范围/类别时,为了与自身相比较,要用anyother+单数名词.若两者不属于同一范围/类别时,不必用other,直接用any+单数名词.Heistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.Heistallerthananyboyinourclass.7、有些含有比较级的句子里,常用that(单数、不可数名词)、those(复数名词)代替前面提到的词,以避免重复。TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinGuangzhouinwinter.Theboysinourclassaremorethanthoseinyourclass.【考点剖析】考点1、形容词或副词辨析1.Thereisalotoftrafficinthestreet.Pleasedrive________.A.careful B.careless C.carefully D.carelessly2.—Susan,howwasyourparty?—Prettygood.Wesanganddanced________allnight.A.happily B.hardly C.politely D.clearly考点2、形容词和副词的比较级1.WiththeeffortofChinesegovernment,thelifeofTibetansbecomes________.A.goodandgood B.wellandwell C.betterandbetter D.worseandworse2.—Lucy,haveyouchangedamobilephonewith5G?—Yes,Ithinkthemobilephonewith5Gcansendvideosmuch________thantheonewith4G.A.fast B.fastest C.thefastest D.faster考点3、形容词和副词的最高级1.—Whatistheworld’s________mountain?—MountQomolangma.A.lower B.lowest C.higher D.highest2.Mikelives_______fromschoolofallthestudents,sohealwaystakesabustoschool.A.far B.farther C.further D.thefarthest考点4、形容词和副词的级别惯用法1.Ithink________childrenlearntolookafterthemselves,________itisfortheirfuture.A.theearlier;thebetter B.theearliest;thebest C.theearly,thegood2.—Ofthetwoshirts,whichonedidMombuy?—Sheboughtthe________onebecauseshecouldsavesomemoneyforacap.A.cheapest B.cheaper C.moreexpensive D.mostexpensive3.Shanghaiisbiggerthan________inJiangsuandbiggerthan________inChina.A.anycity;anyothercity B.anycities;anycities’C.anyothercity;theothercities D.anyothercity;anycity4.—Chinahasbecomethesecond________economycountryintheworld.—Yes.Ithasdeveloped________thesedaysthanbefore.A.larger;morequickly B.largest;morequicklyC.larger;mostquickly D.largest;mostquickly5.Ithink“heroesinharm’sway(逆行者)”mustbeoneofthe________wordsontheInternetlastyear.A.hottest B.widest C.cleverest D.driest【真题演练】1.Theoldmanlives________,buthedoesn’tfeel________.A.lonely;alone B.alone;alone C.alone;lonely D.lonely;lonely2.Themathproblemisso________,andthestudentscansolveit________.A.easy;easily B.easy;easy C.easily;easy D.easily;easily3.________youpractice,_________youwillbeatmath.A.Themore;thebetter B.Themore;thebestC.Themost;thebetter D.Themost;thebest4.—Italkedwithmylittleuncleonthecomputerlastnight.—TheInternetmakestheworld________.A.smallandsmall B.smallerandsmaller C.smallandsmaller D.smallerandsmall5.Cindyisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Ithinksheis________studentinmyclass.A.good B.better C.best D.thebest6.—Look!Itisraining________.—That’sright.Therainistoo________togoshopping.A.heavily;heavy B.heavily;heavilyC.heavy;heavy D.heavy;heavily7.—Kellyalwaysdoesherhomeworkvery_________.—Yes.That’swhyshemakesfewmistakesinherhomework.A.hardly B.loudly C.carefully D.politely8.Ilearnedtoskatequickly.Atfirst,Ifelldownafewtimes,butnowI________falldown.A.always B.often C.sometimes D.seldom9.HespeaksFrenchwell,butofcoursehedoesn’tspeak_______apersonfromFrance.A.asclearas B.clearerthan C.asclearlyas D.themoreclearly10.—DoyouknowthatChinaisoneof________countriesintheworld?—Yes,Ido.It’s________olderthanAmerica.A.theoldest;very B.old;veryC.theoldest;much D.old;much11.—Whichcountryhasthe________populationintheworld?—China.It’salittle________thanthatofIndia.A.most,most B.biggest,biggerC.more,most D.bigger,bigger12.Bobisoneof________boysinClass1,Grade9.A.clever B.cleverer C.themostclever D.thecleverest【过关检测】一、单项选择1.—MrsLinispopularamongthestudents.—Yes.Herclassesare________livelyandinteresting.A.seldom B.always C.hardly D.never2.Thesouptastes________becauseit’stoosalty.Iputsaltintoittoo________inahurry.A.terribly;carefully B.terrible;careful C.terrible;carelessly D.terribly;careless3.—DoesTaraoftengetupas________asTina?—No,shedoesn’t.A.early B.earlier C.earliest D.theearliest4.—Wouldyoupleasespeak________?
—Oh,sorry!Ispeaktoofast!A.slowly B.moreslowly C.mostslowly D.faster5.Ofallherfriends,Emmalookedafterherpetdog________.A.morecareful B.morecarefully C.themostcareful D.mostcarefully6.—Wholives________schoolinyourclass?—Jimmydoes.Hishomeisjustnexttoourschool.A.closeto B.closestto C.farfrom D.farthestfrom7.YuanLongpingisoneof________scientistsintheworld.A.great B.greater C.greatest D.thegreatest8.—AsfarasIknow,Chinahasapopulationofmorethan1.41billion(十亿)now.—Yes,ithas________populationintheworld.A.thelargest B.themost C.largest D.most9.Tomisthesecond________studentinourclass.HeisonlyshorterthanLiLei.A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.mosttall10.Jackdoesn’tdothingsso________asMary,butheis________inourgroup.A.carelessly,themostcareful B.carefully,themostcareful C.carefully,themostcareless二、根据句意填空11.Itismuch_______todaythanyesterday.Ifeelliketakingoffthewintercoat.12.—Howareyoufeelingnow?—Even________.IthinkImustgotothedoctor’s.13.Itsnowedso______yesterdaythatwecouldn’tgotoschool.14.Theoldmanlived________inasmallvillage.Hischildrenallworkedinbigcities.三、用所给单词的正确形式填空15.The________(strict)ourteachersare,thebetterwewillbehaveatschool.16.Hesaidtheweatherwasbeyondourcontrolandwasoneofthe________(hot)onrecord.17.—Howshallwetravel?Bytrainorbyplane?—Let’sgobytrain.It’s________(cheap)18.Thestreetsaremuch________(crowd)atweekends,soweshoulddrivemorecarefully.19.Whichseasonisthe________(dry)oftheyearinJiangsu?20.Helenisas________(help)asMaria,theyarealwaysreadytohelpothers.第04讲形容词和副词【学习目标】掌握形容词和副词的基本用法。掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成及用法。掌握形容词与副词的转换。【基础知识】I、形容词一、形容词的一般用法1、作定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面。It’sacoldandwindyday.2、作表语,放在系动词的后面。(look,feel,smell,sound….)Helookshappytoday.3、形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词时,须放在其后。Wouldyoulikesomethinghottodrink?4、表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词,应放在相应的名词之后。Howlongistheriver?It’sabouttwohundredmetreslong.5、只能作表语的形容词:afraid;alone;asleep;awake;alive;well健康的;ill;frightenedThemanisill.(正)Theillmanismyuncle.(误)6、只能作定语的形容词:little小的;only唯一的;wooden木质的;woolen羊毛质的;elder年长的MyelderbrotherisinBeijing.(正)Mybrotheriselder.(误)7、貌似副词的形容词:lonely;friendly;lively;lovely二、形容词常用句型1、“It’s+adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。=Sb+be+adj+todosth注意:这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,如good,kind,nice,polite,clever,foolish,lazy,careful,careless,right(正确的),wrong等。It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.(=Youareverykindtohelpme.)2、“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。=Todosthisadjforsb.注意:这一句型中常用的形容词有important,necessary,difficult,easy,hard,dangerous,safe,useful,pleasant,interesting,impossible等。It’snoteasyforthemtolearnaforeignlanguage.(=Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasyforthem.)3、表示感情或情绪的形容词,如glad,pleased,sad,thankful等常接不定式。I’mverysadtohearthebadnews.4、表示能力和意志的形容词,如ready(乐意的,有准备的),able(有能力的),sure(一定),certain(一定)等常接不定式。LeiFengisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Heissuretogettoschoolontime.Ⅱ、副词一、副词的分类副词按词汇意义可分为:方式副词:well,fast,slowly,carefully,quickly程度副词:very,much,enough,almost,rather,quite地点副词:here,there,out,somewhere,abroad,home时间副词:today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still频度副词:always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never否定副词:no,not,neither,nor疑问副词:where,how,why其他:also,too,only二、副词的基本用法:1)、副词是用来修饰形容词、其他副词,一般放在被修饰词之前.Heplaysthepianoverywell.2).、副词是用来修饰动词,常放在动词之后.Hegotupquickly3)、enough修饰adj/adv时,放在其后.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.三、常见副词用法辨析1、already与yet的区别already用于肯定句句中,表示“已经”;yet用于否定句句末,表示“还”,用于疑问句句末,表示“已经”HehadalreadyleftwhenIcalled.Haveyoufoundyourruleryet?2、very,much和verymuch.的区别very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级;much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级;修饰动词要用verymuch.Johnisveryhonest.Thisgardenismuchbiggerthanthatone.Thankyouverymuch.3、so与such的区别⑴、so修饰形容词或副词;such修饰名词MybrotherrunssofastthatIcan’tfollowhim.Heissuchaboy.⑵、so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词Heissocleveraboy.=Heissuchacleverboy.Itissuchcoldweather.Theyaresuch_goodstudents.⑶、名词前有many,much,few,little(少量的)用so不用such.(多多少少仍用so)但little表示“小的”用such.Thereare___littlesheeponthehill.4、also,too,aswell与either的区别also,aswell,too,用于肯定句,also常用于be动词,情态动词,助动词之后,行为动词之前;aswell,too用于句末;either用于否定句中,置于句末。例如,Myfatherisateacher.Mymotherisalsoateacher.=Myfatherisateacher.Mymotherisateacheraswell.=Myfatherisateacher.Mymotherisateacher,too.Ican’tspeakFrench……Jennycan’tspeakFrench,either.5、sometime,sometimes,sometime与sometimes的区别sometime:表示将来的或过去的某一个不确定的时间。sometimes:有时,不时的=attimessometime:一段时间sometimes:几次,几倍We’llhaveatestsometimenextmonth.Sometimeswearebusyandsometimeswearenot.HestayedinBeijingforsometimelastyear.IhavebeentoBeijingsometimes.6、ago与before的区别ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”,常与一般过去时连用,不可以单独使用。before指过去或将来的某时刻“以前”,也可泛指以前,常和完成时连用,可以单独使用。Isawhimtenminutesago.Hetoldmethathehadseenthefilmbefore.7、now,just与justnow的区别now:与一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用,意为“现在”just:与现在完成时连用,表示“刚……”justnow:和过去时连用,表示“刚才”Wheredoeshelivenow?Wehavejustseenthefilm.Hewasherejustnow.8、lonely/alone的区别1)、alone独自一人/没有同伴,既可作adj也可作adv.2)、lonely表示孤独,寂寞,也可修饰地点,表示荒凉,偏僻的,常与feel连用。3)、alone只作表语(以a开头的形容词一般只作表语,不作定语)而lonely既可作表语,也可作定语)Helivesaloneonalonelyisland.Heisalone,buthedoesn’tfeellonely.9、fast/quickly/soon的区别.fast表示速度之快quickly表示动作之快soon表示时间之快I’mleavinghomethisafternoon.Really?Whyso______?A.fastB.soonC.quicklyD.earlyⅢ、形容词,副词的比较级、最高级一、规则变化1、一般在词尾直接加er或est,tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest2、以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st,nice-nicer-nicest3、以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est,heavy-heavier-heaviest4、重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est,big-bigger-biggest注:大,红,湿,热,悲,瘦,胖.双写末辅再变级.(big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat)5、部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级,beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautiful注:表示否定意义在其前加less/leastimportant----lessimportant----leastimportantEnglishismoreinterestingthanChinese=ChineseislessinterestingthanEnglish.6、由“形容词+ly”构成的副词,在其前加more/mostslowly---moreslowly----mostslowly;但early—earlier---earliest二、不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldold/elderold/eldestbad/badly/illworseworstfarfarther(距离)/further(程度)farthest/furthest下列单、双音节词只能加more和most原级比较级最高级like(想似的)morelikemostlikereal(真的)morerealmostrealtiredmoretiredmosttiredpleasedmorepleasedmostpleasedoftenmoreoftenmostoftenⅣ、形容词,副词等级的用法一、原级的用法1、只能修饰原级的词,very,quite,so,tooHeistootiredtowalkon.MybrotherrunssofastthatIcan’tfollowhim.2、原级常用的句型结构(1)A=B-----A+as+adj/adv的原级+as+B表示“A和B一样”TomisasoldasKate.TomrunsasfastasMike.(2)A<B---A+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B表示“A不如B…”Thisroomisnotas/sobigasthatone.Hedoesn’twalkasslowlyasyou.二、比较级的用法1、可以修饰比较级的词.much,alot,far,…的多alittle,abit,…一点儿even甚至,still仍然LessonOneismucheasierthanLessonTwo.Tomlooksevenyoungerthanbefore.2、比较级常用的句型结构“甲+形容词/副词的比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”TomistallerthanKate.Igotupearlierthanmymotherthismorning.三、最高级的用法1)、结构:the+最高级+of+人或物(in+地点)HeisthetallestofalltheboysHeworkshardestinhisclass.注:副词的最高级前the可省掉2)、the+序数词+形容词的最高级+单数名词TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.3)、oneof+the+形容词的最高级+复数名词Heisoneoftheclevereststudentsinourclass.4)、“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲,乙,or丙?”用于三者以上的比较。Whichseasondoyoulike(the)best,spring,summerorautumn?四、级别的转换1)、原级与比较级的转换a)、倍数+as…as→(倍数-1)+比较级+thanThisroomisfivetimesasbigasthatone=Thisroomisfourtimesbiggerthanthatone.b)、.notas…as与比较级的转换A+notas…as+B→A+比较级(反义词的比较级)+than+B→B+比较级+than+AMaryisnotasoldasTom.=MaryisyoungerthanTom.=TomisolderthanMary.Thisbookisnotasexpensiveasthatone=Thisbookischeaperthanthatone=Thatbookismoreexpensivethanthisone.2)、比较级与最高级的转换a)、the+最高级+of/in……b)、比较级+than+anyother+单数名词+theother+复数名词+anyoneelse+anyoftheother+复名c)、Nobodyelse+比较级+than……Tomisthetallestboyinourclass.Tomistallerthananyotherboyinourclass.Tomistallerthantheothersinourclass.NobodyelseistallerthanTominourclass.五、级别的惯用法1、“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。Heisgettingtallerandtaller.2、“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyou’llmake.3、“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo+……”表示“甲是两者中较……的”。(ofthetwins/parents…)Lookatthetwoboys.Mybrotheristhetallerofthetwo.4、当adj的最高级前有物主代词,名词所有格,指示代词时,不用the.Thisismybestbookofall.5、相比较的前后两部分必须是同类比较.Mypencilislongerthanyours.6、比较时不能与自身相比注:当相比较的两者属于同一范围/类别时,为了与自身相比较,要用anyother+单数名词.若两者不属于同一范围/类别时,不必用other,直接用any+单数名词.Heistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.Heistallerthananyboyinourclass.7、有些含有比较级的句子里,常用that(单数、不可数名词)、those(复数名词)代替前面提到的词,以避免重复。TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinGuangzhouinwinter.Theboysinourclassaremorethanthoseinyourclass.【考点剖析】考点1、形容词或副词辨析1.Thereisalotoftrafficinthestreet.Pleasedrive________.A.careful B.careless C.carefully D.carelessly答案:C【详解】句意:这条街上车辆很多。请小心驾驶。考查形容词副词辨析。careful仔细的,形容词;careless粗心的,形容词;carefully仔细地,副词;carelessly粗心地,副词;根据“Thereisalotoftrafficinthestreet.”及常识可知,此处应该是建议小心驾驶,排除B/D选项;空处修饰动词,要用副词,故选C。2.—Susan,howwasyourparty?—Prettygood.Wesanganddanced________allnight.A.happily B.hardly C.politely D.clearly答案:A【详解】句意:——苏珊,你的派对怎么样?——很好。我们整夜快乐地唱歌跳舞。考查副词辨析。happily快乐地,高兴地;hardly几乎不,几乎没有;politely有礼貌地,斯文地;clearly清晰地,清楚地。根据上文“Prettygood”可知是高兴地唱歌跳舞;故选A。考点2、形容词和副词的比较级1.WiththeeffortofChinesegovernment,thelifeofTibetansbecomes________.A.goodandgood B.wellandwell C.betterandbetter D.worseandworse答案:C【详解】句意:在中国政府的努力下,西藏人民的生活越来越好。考查形容词辨析。good好的;well好地;better更好;worse更坏。“比较级and比较级”表示“越来越……”,根据“WiththeeffortofChinesegovernment”可知,在中国政府的努力下,西藏人民的生活越来越好。故选C。2.—Lucy,haveyouchangedamobilephonewith5G?—Yes,Ithinkthemobilephonewith5Gcansendvideosmuch________thantheonewith4G.A.fast B.fastest C.thefastest D.faster答案:D【详解】句意:——露西,你换了5G手机了吗?——是的,我认为5G手机比4G手机发送视频要快得多。考查副词比较级。fast副词原级;fastest副词最高级形式;thefastest副词最高级;faster副词比较级形式。根据空后than的提示可知,空处应用副词比较级形式。故选D。考点3、形容词和副词的最高级1.—Whatistheworld’s________mountain?—MountQomolangma.A.lower B.lowest C.higher D.highest答案:D【详解】句意:——世界上最高的山是什么?——珠穆朗玛峰。考查形容词辨析和形容词最高级。low低的;high高的。根据“MountQomolangma.”和常识可知,珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山,故选D。2.Mikelives_______fromschoolofallthestudents,sohealwaystakesabustoschool.A.far B.farther C.further D.thefarthest答案:D【详解】句意:在所有的学生中,迈克住得离学校最远,所以他总是乘公共汽车上学。考查副词最高级。根据“ofallthestudents”可知,是三者以上的比较,用副词最高级修饰,故选D。考点4、形容词和副词的级别惯用法1.Ithink________childrenlearntolookafterthemselves,________itisfortheirfuture.A.theearlier;thebetter B.theearliest;thebest C.theearly,thegood答案:A【详解】句意:我认为孩子们越早学会照顾自己,对他们的未来就越好。考查“the+比较级+主谓,the+比较级+主谓”结构。根据句子结构可知,句子应用:the+比较级+主谓,the+比较级+主谓,“越……越……”;early,早,比较级形式为earlier;good,好的,比较级形式为better。故选A。2.—Ofthetwoshirts,whichonedidMombuy?—Sheboughtthe________onebecauseshecouldsavesomemoneyforacap.A.cheapest B.cheaper C.moreexpensive D.mostexpensive答案:B【详解】句意:——在这两件衬衫中,妈妈买了哪一件?——她买了便宜一点的,因为她可以省些钱买一顶帽子。考查形容词比较级和形容词辨析。cheapest最便宜的;cheaper更便宜的;moreexpensive更贵的;mostexpensive最贵的。根据上文比较范围“Ofthetwoshirts...”可知。两则相比较,应用比较级,排除A和D;由“becauseshecouldsavesomemoneyforacap”可知买了便宜一点的,故选B。3.Shanghaiisbiggerthan________inJiangsuandbiggerthan________inChina.A.anycity;anyothercity B.anycities;anycities’C.anyothercity;theothercities D.anyothercity;anycity答案:A【详解】句意:上海比江苏的任何城市都大,比中国的任何其他城市都大。考查不定代词和比较级。any“任何的”,用于不同范围的比较;anyother“任何其他的”,用于相同范围的比较;两者后都跟单数名词。theother+名词复数=theothers“其余的(表示在一个范围内的其他全部)”。第一空因为上海不在江苏范围内,填anycity;第二空因为上海在中国范围内,要排除自己,填anyothercity。故选A。4.—Chinahasbecomethesecond________economycountryintheworld.—Yes.Ithasdeveloped________thesedaysthanbefore.A.larger;morequickly B.largest;morequicklyC.larger;mostquickly D.largest;mostquickly答案:B【详解】句意:——中国已成为世界第二大经济体。——是的。现在它发展得比以前更快了。考查形容词和副词的比较级和最高级用法。the+序数词+形容词最高级+单数名词+in+范围“在某范围内……是第几最……”,根据“Chinahasbecomethesecond...economycountryintheworld.”可知,此处使用large的最高级largest“最大的”修饰country“国家”。再根据“Ithasdeveloped...thesedaysthanbefore.”可知,此处使用quickly“快速地”修饰develop“发展”,再结合than“比”,quickly要用比较级,前面加more。故选B。5.Ithink“heroesinharm’sway(逆行者)”mustbeoneofthe________wordsontheInternetlastyear.A.hottest B.widest C.cleverest D.driest答案:A【详解】句意:我认为“逆行者”肯定是去年互联网上最热门的词汇之一。考查最高级辨析。hottest最热的;widest最宽的;cleverest最聪明的;driest最干燥的;根据“heroesinharm’sway(逆行者)”及实际情况可知,逆行者是网络上最热门的词,故选A。【真题演练】1.Theoldmanlives________,buthedoesn’tfeel________.A.lonely;alone B.alone;alone C.alone;lonely D.lonely;lonely答案:C【详解】句意:这位老人独自生活,但并不感到孤独。考查形容词和副词的用法。lonely孤独的,形容词,强调内心孤独;alone独自,可以当副词,也可以当形容词,强调一个人,根据第一个空前的“lives”可知,第一个空应该用副词修饰动词,排除A和D,由第二个空前的“feel”可知,应该是感到孤独,强调内心感受,所以第二个空用lonely,排除B,故选C。2.Themathproblemisso________,andthestudentscansolveit________.A.easy;easily B.easy;easy C.easily;easy D.easily;easily答案:A【详解】句意:这个数学题如此简单,学生们可以很容易地解出来。考查形容词、副词用法。easy“简单的”,形容词;easily“容易地”,副词。第一空作be动词后的表语,应用形容词“easy”,第二空修饰动词“solve”,用副词“easily”,故选A。3.________youpractice,_________youwillbeatmath.A.Themore;thebetter B.Themore;thebestC.Themost;thebetter D.Themost;thebest答案:A【详解】句意:你练习得越多,你的数学就会越好。考查比较级用法。“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”表示“越……就越……”,是固定搭配。故选A。4.—Italkedwithmylittleuncleonthecomputerlastnight.—TheInternetmakestheworld________.A.smallandsmall B.smallerandsmaller C.smallandsmaller D.smallerandsmall答案:B【详解】句意:——我昨晚和我的小叔叔在网上聊天了。——网络让世界变得越来越小了。考查形容词比较级的用法。“越来越……”英语表达是“比较级+and+比较级”;根据句意可知此处要表达:网络让世界世界“越来越小”,英语是“smallerandsmaller”,故选B。5.Cindyisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Ithinksheis________studentinmyclass.A.good B.better C.best D.thebest答案:D【详解】句意:辛迪总是乐于助人。我认为她是我班上最好的学生。考查最高级,good好的;better更好的;best最好的。根据最高级句型:the+最高级+in+范围,表示在……范围里最……。可知thebest符合语境,故选D。6.—Look!Itisraining________.—That’sright.Therainistoo________togoshopping.A.heavily;heavy B.heavily;heavilyC.heavy;heavy D.heavy;heavily答案:A【详解】句意:——看!雨下得很大。——没错。雨太大了不能去购物。考查形容词和副词的用法。heavily大量地,副词;heavy巨大的,形容词。第一个空用副词heavily修饰动词rain,表示“雨下得很大”。第二个空用形容词heavy,修饰名词therain,放在be动词之后作表语,表示“雨是大的”。故选A。7.—Kellyalwaysdoesherhomeworkvery_________.—Yes.That’swhyshemakesfewmistakesinherhomework.A.hardly B.loudly C.carefully D.politely答案:C【详解】句意:——凯莉总是很认真地做家庭作业。——是的。这就是她作业很少出错的原因。考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不;loudly大声地;carefully认真地;politely有礼貌地。根据“That’swhyshemakesfewmistakesinherhomework.”可知,她做作业非常认真。故选C。8.Ilearnedtoskatequickly.Atfirst,Ifelldownafewtimes,butnowI________falldown.A.always B.often C.sometimes D.seldom答案:D【详解】句意:我很快学会了滑冰。起初,我摔倒了几次,但现在我很少摔倒了。考查频度副词辨析。always总是;often经常;sometimes有时;seldom几乎不、少。根据“Atfirst,Ifelldownafewtimes,”和转折词but,可知应是说现在我很少摔倒了,故选D。9.HespeaksFrenchwell,butofcoursehedoesn’tspeak_______apersonfromFrance.A.asclearas B.clearerthan C.asclearlyas D.themoreclearly答案:C【详解】句意:虽然他法语说得很好,但是他当然不如法国人说得清晰。考查副词的原级比较。首先,根据下文句首but表示转折关系,可知上文表达他法语说得好,下文表达的就是不如法国人说得好,“不如……”要用“notas…as”表述,中间要用形容词或副词的原级;speak表示“说”,是动词,要用副词修饰,所以as…as中间要用副词的原级;clear表示“清楚的”,是形容词,对应的副词要在词尾加ly,即clearly;故选C。10.—DoyouknowthatChinaisoneof________countriesintheworld?—Yes,Ido.It’s________olderthanAmerica.A.theoldest;very B.old;veryC.theoldest;much D.old;much答案:C【详解】句意:——你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗?——是的,我知
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