2024山东中学联盟高考考前热身押题卷英语试题及答案

英语2024.5注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置。2.选择题的作答：选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ASmallWaysYouCanDonateMoneyToCharityThereareplentyofinnovativewaysthatyoucanhelppeopleinneed,evenwhenmoneyistight.Herearejustafewuniquewaystogive.FoodAngel,HongKongFoodinsecurityhasbecomeaglobalproblemforfamilies.InHongKong,thepeoplebehindtheFoodAngelprogramcollect45tonnesofediblesurplusfoodeachweekthatgrocerystores,restaurantsandindividualswouldotherwisedisposeof.Thatincludesfreshfruitsandvegetablesandotherperishables(易腐烂的食物)thataren’tnormallyacceptedinfood-donationboxes.Theimpactissignificant:Volunteersmakeandservearound20,000mealsanddistributemorethan11,000othermealsandfoodpackseveryday.FrigosSolidaires,FranceImagineifthoseinneedcouldhelpthemselvestofoodwithanonymity(匿名)anddignity.FrigosSolidaires,orSolidarityFridges,wasstartedwiththataimbyDouniaMebtoul,ayoungrestaurateurinParis.Now,130fridgesinstalledinfrontofplacessuchasshopsandschoolsofferfreefoodtothehungryacrossFrance.StuffABus,CanadaInEdmonton,thetransitserviceparksvehiclesinfrontofsupermarketsforitsannual“StuffaBus”campaigneachNovember.Volunteerscollectfoodandcashdonationsfromshopperstofillbusesboundforfoodbanks.Sinceitsstartin1995,thecampaignhascollected553,000kilogramsoffoodandroughlyhalfamilliondollars.RiceBucketChallenge,IndiaHeardoftheIceBucketChallenge?Youtakeavideoofyourselfdumpingabucketoficewateroveryourhead,thennominate(指定)threemorepeopletodothesame.Insomeversions,theparticipantdonates$100iftheydon’tcompletethechallenge.“IthoughtitwasanamazingwaytoraiseawarenessofALSandraisefunds,”recallsManjuKalanidhi,ajournalistinHyderabad,India.Butitdidn’tmakesenseinhercountry,wherewateristooprecioustowaste,evenforagoodcause.Thenin2014,ithither:WhynotmakeitaRiceBucketChallengetofighthunger?“Igaveabucketofricetosomeoneinneedandclickedaphoto.IshareditonFacebookandsaid,‘ThisisaRiceBucketChallenge.Whydon’tyoudoit,too?’”Participantsdonateabucketofricetoanindividualorfamily—no,it’snotdumped—takeaphotoandpostitonsocialmediawithamessageencouragingotherstodothesame.1.Whichonecanhelppeopleinneedgetfoodwithouthurtingtheirpride?A.FoodAngel,HongKongC.StuffABus,CanadaB.FrigosSolidaires,FranceD.RiceBucketChallenge,India2.WhatdoyouknowaboutRiceBucketChallengeinIndia?A.ItisanamazingwaytoraiseawarenessofALS.B.ItwasinspiredbytheIceBucketChallenge.C.Abucketofriceisgivenanddumped.D.Abucketofwaterisdonatedforagoodcause.3.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toexplainhowimportanttohelppeopleinneed.B.Toinspirereaderstostartanon-profitorganization.C.Tointroducesomecreativewaystogiveaway.D.Toappealtoreaderstodonatemoneytocharity.BWhichoftheseingredientshaveyoucookedwithoreaten,wildrice,rabbitsorroses?Actually,theywerepartofNativeAmericancuisineinthepast.SeanShermanisacheffromtheOglalaLakotatribe,whoisattemptingsomethingremarkable.Throughhiscompanyandhisrestaurant,Shermanisbringingtheseingredientsbackintothepubliceye.SeanShermangrewuponthePineRidgeReservation.Asareservationkid,Shermanusuallydidn’thaveaccesstohigh-qualityortastyfood.HisfamilyreliedontheCommoditySupplementalFoodProgram,whichmeantcannedgoods,tastelessfood,andpowderedmilk.Afterhighschool,ShermanstartedworkingfortheForestService.Aspartofhisjob,hehadtolearnthenamesoftheplants,whichraisedhiscuriosityaboutindigenous(本土的)plantsandfoods.Shermanstarteddoinglotsofresearchonhisown,andhestartedhiscompanyin2014.Afewyearslater,ShermanopenedhisrestaurantOwamni,whereheshowednativeingredientsandflavors.Themostsignificantfeatureoftherestaurantisthenativeingredients,noneofwhichisrelatedtoEuropeancivilizations.Thevibeintherestaurantistotallyuniqueaswell.There,alotofpeoplearereallystruckbyit,becauseit’snottypicaltobeabletogosomeplaceandseetheirnativefoodsonthemenu,seenativepeoplecookingthefoodandlistentonativemusic.Therefore,it’sawhollyuniqueexperienceandit’ssomethingthat’sreallyspecial.Nativecuisineallowsnativepeopletoexploretheirhistoriesandcultures.Itsupportslocalbusinessesandcomeswithahostofhealthbenefits.“WeshouldhavenativerestaurantsineverycitytoshowthediversityandflavorsofallthedifferenttribesacrossNorthAmericaandthushaveafuturewherenativecuisineismorewidespread,andingredientsaremorefamiliarandwellknown,”Shermanexplains.4.WhendidSeanShermanbecomeinterestedinnativefoods?A.Ashewasareservationkid.B.Beforeheenteredhighschool.C.Whenheworkedasachefinarestaurant.D.Whenhewasworkingintheforestdepartment.5.WhatisthemostimportantfeatureofSherman’srestaurant?A.Theingredientsusedarenative.B.Nativemusicisplayedallthetime.C.Diverseingredientsarecombinedineachdish.D.Itisareflectionofmodernnativecivilization.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vibe”inparagraph4mean?A.Service.B.Decoration.C.Scenery.D.Atmosphere.7.WhydoesShermansuggesteachcityshouldhavenativerestaurants?A.Toboosttheprofitsoflocalbusinesses.B.Tohelpnativepeopletohonortheirhistory.C.Topresentandpromotethenativecuisine.D.Toservefoodswithvarioushealthbenefits.CInthe1950s,BritishhistorianNorthcoteParkinsoncameupwithaconceptwhichwaslaterknownasParkinson’sLawofTriviality（琐事）.Itstatesthattheamountoftimespentdiscussinganissueinanorganizationisoppositelyassociatedwithitsactualimportance.Parkinson’sLawofTrivialityisalsoknownas“bike-shedding”(车棚),afterthestoryParkinsonusestoillustrateit.Heasksreaderstoimagineafinancialcommitteemeetingtodiscussathree-pointagenda.Thepointsareasfollows:Aproposalfora£10millionnuclearpowerplant;Aproposalfora£350bikeshed;Aproposalfora£21annualcoffeebudget.Whathappens?Thecommitteeendsuprunningthroughthenuclearpowerplantproposalinlittletime.It’stooadvancedforanyonetoreallydigintothedetails.Thediscussionsoonmovestothebikeshed.Here,everyone’sanexpert.Intheend,thecommitteerunsoutoftimeanddecidestomeetagaintocompletetheiranalysis.Bike-sheddinghappensbecausethesmalleramatteris,themorepeoplewillhaveanopiniononit,evenwhenthereisnogenuinevaluetoadd.Whensomethingisoutsideourcircleofcompetence,likeanuclearpowerplant,wedon’teventrytoexpressanopinion.Butwhensomethingiscomprehensible,everyonewantstoshowthattheyknowaboutthetopicathand.Howcanweavoidbike-shedding?Themainthingyoucandoistohaveaclearpurpose.PriyaParker,theauthorofTheArtofGathering:HowWeMeetandWhyItMatters,saysthatanysuccessfulgatheringneedstohaveafocusedpurpose.“Specificity,”shesays,“isacrucialelement.”Whenitcomestochoosingyourlistofinvitees,Parkerwrites,“ifthepurposeofyourmeetingistomakeadecision,youmaywanttoconsiderhavingfewercooksinthekitchen.”Gettingtheresultyouwant—athoughtful,educateddiscussionaboutthatpowerplant—dependsonhavingtherightpeopleintheroom.8.WhatisParkinson’spurposeofpresentingtheimaginarymeeting?A.Tostateafact.B.Toclarifyaconcept.C.Tomakeaprediction.D.Tointroduceanewpoint.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Themoreyouknow,thelessyouspeak.B.Whatissimpleforyoumaybetoughforothers.C.Whatisimportantmayachievelessinvolvement.D.Themoreyouputin,thebetteryourresultwillbe.10.Whichistheauthor’ssuggestionforasuccessfulmeeting?A.Planningbeforethemeeting.B.Gettingtherightpeopletothetable.D.Takingdifferentopinionsintoaccount.C.Spendinglesstimeontheminorissues.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Purpose:TheKeytoanEffectiveMeeting.B.Talent:ACrucialElementinOrganizations.C.BikeShedEffect:LessTimeonUnimportantThings.D.NuclearPowerPlant:TheLess-knownProposal.DGoldfishmayseemlikesimplecreaturesswimminginaglasstank,buttheypossessarathercomplicatednavigationsystem,asdiscoveredbyresearchersattheUniversityofOxford.LedbyDr.AdelaideSibeaux,thestudyaimstoshedlightonourunderstandingofhowfish,andpotentiallyhumans,estimatedistancesusingwhatcouldbedescribedasaninternalGPS.WritinginthejournalProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB,Sibeauxandcolleaguesreporthowtheycreatedatankintheirexperimentwith2cm-wideblackandwhiteverticalstripes(垂直条纹)onthewalls,connectedbysimilarstripesacrossthefloor.Theteamtrainedninegoldfishtoswimasetdistanceof70cmandthenreturntotheirstartingpointwhenwavedat.Theexperimentaimedtoinvestigatehowthefishwouldestimatethisdistancewithoutanygestures,underdifferentpatterns.Overmultipletrials,thegoldfishaveragedaswimdistanceof74cm,giveortake17cm,whenpresentedwiththevertical2cm-widestripes.However,whenthestripepatternwasalteredtoeithernarrowerverticalstripes,checkedpatterns,orhorizontalstripes,thefish’sbehaviorchangedsignificantly.Narrowerverticalstripesledthemtooverestimatingthedistanceby36%,whilehorizontalstripesresultedinhighlyinconsistentestimations.Accordingtotheresearchers,thegoldfishappearedtobeusingan“optic(光学的)flowmechanism”basedonthevisualdensityoftheirenvironment.Theykepttrackofhowfrequentlytheverticalpatternswitchedbetweenblackandwhitetoestimatehowfartheyhadtraveled.Thestudysuggeststhatdifferentopticflowmechanismsareusedbymammals,includinghumans,basedonangular(有角度的)motionofvisualfeatures.Thestudyimpliesthattheuseofvisuallybaseddistanceinformationcouldhaveemergedearlyintheevolutionarytimeline.“Thisstudyisnovelbecause,despiteknowingthatfishrespondtogeometricinformationregardingdirectionanddistance,wedon’tknowhowtheyestimatedistances,”ProfessorColinLever,althoughnotinvolvedinthestudy,said,“it’sexcitingtoexplorefishspatialmappingbecausefishnavigationevolvedearlierandbetterthanmostmammals.”12.WhydidDr.AdelaideSibeauxconductthestudyongoldfish?A.Totesttheaccuracyofgoldfish’sinternalGPS.B.Tocreateanadvancednavigationsystemforhumans.C.TouncoverhowaninbuiltGPShelpscalculatedistances.D.Toexploretherelationshipsbetweengoldfishandhumans.13.Whatcanwelearnabouttheexperiment?A.Peoplegesturedthegoldfishthroughouttheexperiment.B.Thetankwasdecoratedwithcolorfulbackgroundpatterns.C.Goldfishtendedtounderestimatedistanceswithhorizontalstripes.D.Thechangeinthetanksettingledtothegoldfish’sincorrectjudgment.14.Whatcanbeconcludedfromparagraph4?A.Opticflowmechanismisuniquetohumans.B.Mammalsdevelopedflowmechanismlongbeforegoldfish.C.Goldfishevaluatedthedistancewithmultidimensionalvisualinformation.D.Visualdensityoftheenvironmentstrengthenedthelocatingabilityofgoldfish.15.WhatattitudedoesProfessorColinholdtowardsthestudy?A.Objective.B.Ambiguous.C.Disapproving.D.Favorable.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Agardenisaprojectthatoftenrequiresafairlylargeinitialinvestmentofbothtimeandmoneyfromthestart—aswellasacommitmenttomaintainit.16.Thosewholiketheirhomegardenfinditrewardingbothasaplacetorelax,andasafunandhealthyhobby.Ifyou’reluckyenoughtohaveabackyard,youcanimaginetheenjoymentyou’dreceivefromchangingthatdusty,weedydeadspaceintoagreen,relaxingenvironment.17.Withregular,low-levelmaintenanceitwillcontinuetothrive(茁壮成长）andprovideyouwithpleasure.So,howcanyoubuildapleasanthomegarden?Someclevergardenersusedrought-resistantplantssuchascacti(仙人掌),andalittlebitofwateringandinspirationtoproducespacesthatarebothrelaxingandpleasingtotheeye.18.19.Ifyouputintheplantsandwalkwaysyourself,itwillbegoodforyourhealth.Manypeoplefindthatspendingawhilediggingholesfortreesorpullingweedsiseasiertostomachthanhalfanhouronarunningmachine,andwhocanblamethem?Itmighttakeawhiletoseethefitnessresults,butafewdays’workcanliterallytransformyouryard.Therearemanypopularhomegardenbooksandmagazines.20,asmanybookscontaindetailedplansforcomplexprojects.Usetheseresourcesasastartingpointandputtogethersomethinguniquelyyours—withinthelimitsofyourtimeandbudget.A.AtriptothelibrarycanhelpyougetstartedB.However,itisadeservingchallengeformanypeopleC.AhomegardencanbeagoodworkoutaswellasaplacetorelaxD.TheshapeofthespaceisoftenasimportantasitscontentsorsizeE.SomedoitforexerciseandspendalittletimeoutdoorsonasunnydayF.Nomatterwhatthecircumstances,it’spossibletocreatealovelyhomegardenG.Manygardenersalsoenjoyemployingtouchessuchasstonepathstocreateaniceatmosphere第二部分:语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Bornwithnorightleg,AnthonyRobles,oneofthebestwrestlersintheNCAA,startedwrestlingwhenhewasinhighschool.Whenhiscousinfirst21himtowrestling,Robleswasn'ta/an22.However,hegraduallyfellinlovewithitandhehasbeendoingiteversince.Whilesomepeoplemighthave23hisdecisiontotakeonthesport,hisfamilywasahuge24ofsupportandencouragement.Hesaid:“They25inmefromayoungagethatIcoulddowhateverIgivemeanyspecial27.Theyraisedmelikeothers.”26_mymindto.“Theydidn'tWhilethephysicalaspectsofthesportseemedtobethemostchallengingpart,atonepointRoblesrealizedheneededtobe28tougher.After29seventhatnationalsinhisjunioryear,hetooka30_fromwrestlingforalittlewhile.Hesaid.“Iwas31.Thatreallyjusthelpedmetomentallygetbacktothesport.”Thencamethelastmatch.Robleswassoscaredthathewasalmoststartingtocry.Whenhedefeateddefendingnationalchampion7-1,the32werequitedifferent.“Icouldn'teven33it.”Hesaid,“Itwasjustagreatexperience.”NowRoblesisreadyforthenextpageinhislife,“Ireallywanttohelpotherpeopleachievethingsintheirlivesthatothersmightsayare_34.”Roblesplanstoputhisamazingattitudeandenergyto35asamotivational(激励)speaker.21.A.showed22.A.partner23.A.questioned24.A.amount25.A.planted26.A.exchange27.A.effectB.recommendedB.fanC.introducedC.masterD.attractedD.audienceD.affectedD.supplyB.admiredB.sourceC.honoredC.floodB.breathedB.improveB.creditC.deliveredC.buryD.registeredD.applyC.confidenceC.formallyC.finishingC.busD.treatmentD.mentallyD.becomingD.flight28.A.gradually29.A.succeeding30.A.breakB.obviouslyB.goingB.job31.A.cutout32.A.decisions33.A.impressed34.A.useless35.A.restB.leftoutB.emotionsB.concentratedB.extraC.stressedoutC.approachesC.designD.checkedoutD.goalsD.believeD.impossibleD.testC.confusingC.useB.place第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Over400piecesorsetsofDehuawhiteporcelain(德化白瓷)areondisplayintheNationalMuseumofChinainBeijing,withtheexhibition36(run)fromAug26forthreemonths.Dehuawhiteporcelainisfamousforitspurewhitecolor.AccordingtoChenChao,37artistdedicatedtoporcelainresearch,Dehuaporcelainisalowpercentageofiron,39(make)theporcelainstainless(无瑕的)likewhitejade.SittinginQuanzhoucity,40theancientMaritimeSilkRoadstarted,Dehuawhiteporcelain38(extraordinary)pureandwhitebecausethekaolin(高岭土)inDehuacountyinFujianhas41(sell)wellathomeandabroadsincetheSongDynasty(960-1279).In2006,Dehuawhiteporcelainwaslistedasanationalintangibleculturalheritage.42thepastglories,Dehuacraftsmen(工匠)neverstoprefining(精进)theirskills.One43(impress)skillis“theeggshelltechnique”(薄胎技艺).Chensaidthatitisjustoneofthe44__(achievement)thatChineseporcelaincraftsmenhavemadeonthelongpathofinnovation.“CombiningtraditionalChineseartisticskillswithmoderndisciplines(学科),wewillcreateevenmoreoutstandingworks45(increase)theculturalconfidenceoftheChinesepeople.”saidChen.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter在来信中提到，他要开设一门选修课来帮助英国学生更好地了解中国文化，请给他回信，内容包括:1.你对选修课的建议及理由；2.你的祝愿。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearPeter,Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。They’dbeenplanningthisforever.Fromherbirth,mostlikely.Mya’smother,Helenalovedhostingparties.AndAuntBeatricelovedbirthdays.Together,they’dmakeherSweetSixteenahundredtimesbigger,bolder,andbrighterthanitneededtobe.Theyselectedathemeeveryyearandstucktoit.Herfourteenthhadbeenthe“SnowWhite”andherninthhadbeenthe“Frozen”.Theynevertoldherwhatthethemewasthedaybefore.She’djustwakeupherbirthdaymorning,abrandnewbirthdayoutfit(一套服装）laidneatlyonherdresser(anoutfitrelatedtothetheme,ofcourse)andshewouldopenherdoortoseetheadventurethatlayaheadofherthatday.Myahadafewguessesastowhatthisyear’sthemewouldbe.Aplayonthewords“SweetSixteen”waslikely—acandythemedparty,perhaps?Butshe’dhadabakingpartyafewyearsago—andHelenawasanythingbutrepetitive.Myadidn’thaveanyinterestincars,soshedoubtedasports—carpartywasonthemenu.She’dtriedtolookthroughhermother’spurchasehistoryonline,buthermotherhadbeencarefulenoughtodeleteeverythingrecent.Sotheonlyclueleftwasthebirthdayoutfitshewouldreceivethenextmorning.May1st,Myawoke.Thebrightsunlightbeggedhereyestoopenandshelovedthedaythatherbirthdaytookplace.ItwasalwaysniceoutonMay1standitneverrained.Thismorningwasnodifferentthanherpreviousbirthdays.Shesatupinherbedandlookedtoherdresserbeforeslippingoutofbedandinspectingtheoutfit.Sheunfoldeditandhelditagainstherbody,seeinghowitwaslike.Itreacheddown,justabovetheankle.Myadressed,eyedherselfinthemirrorandfounditwasnotsomuchaprettyoutfitasshehadreceivedbefore.Itwastotallyoneforblue-collarworkers!注意：1.续写词数要求应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Suddenlyherthoughtswereinterruptedbyaknockonthedoor.Witheverythingdone,herfaceshonewithasweetsmile.山东中学联盟2024年高考考前热身押题英语答案解析2024.5A篇应用文，人与社会，介绍几种做慈善的新方式。原创命题：Reader’sDigest:Jan,20241.B判断推理题Imagineifthoseinneedcouldhelpthemselvestofoodwithanonymity(匿名)anddignity.FrigosSolidaires,orSolidarityFridges,wasstartedwiththataimbyDouniaMebtoul.主要理解withanonymity(匿名)anddignity，可知这项慈善是让人们可匿名、有尊严地得到食物。2.B事实细节题Butitdidn’tmakesenseinhercountry,wherewateristooprecioustowaste,evenforagoodcause.Thenin2014,ithither:WhynotmakeitaRiceBucketChallengetofighthunger?受冰桶挑战慈善启发而创设的。创设者生活的地方水资源太宝贵即使是为了慈善也不能浪费，所以用大米替代水。3.C.文章目的，由文章题目和首段最后一句Herearejustafewuniquewaystogive.本篇文章是总分结构，主要是介绍几种创新方式做慈善。B篇记叙文，人与社会，讲述了SeanSherman开办本土特色餐厅的故事。4.D事实细节题文章第二段：Afterhighschool,ShermanstartedworkingfortheForestService.Aspartofhisjob,hehadtolearnthenamesoftheplants,whichraisedhiscuriosityaboutindigenous(本土的)plantsandfoods.可知是在他工作时5.A事实细节题,Themostsignificantpartthatfeaturestherestaurantisthenativeingredients,noneofwhichisrelatedtoEuropeancivilizations.6.D猜测词义,由本段的seetheirnativefoodsonthemenu,seenativepeoplecookingthefoodandlistentonativemusic.可知是一种氛围。7.C判断推理，由Sherman最后的解释：afuturewherenativecuisineismorewidespread,andingredientsaremorefamiliarandwellknown，可知是呈现和推广本土菜肴。C篇：说明文，主题语境：人与社会；主要讲述了英国历史学家诺斯特.帕金森在2050第1{#{QQABIYIQggigApBAARhCAwEiCgKQkAECCAoOQBAIoAAAiANABAA=}#}提出的帕金森的琐事定律。8.B.目的意图题。根据文章第二段Parkinson'sLawofTrivialityisalsoknownas"bike-shedding(车棚）",afterthestoryParkinsonusestoillustrateit.Heasksreaderstoimagineafinancialcommitteemeetingtodiscussathree-pointagenda.(帕金森琐碎定律也被称为“车棚”，是以帕金森用来说明它的故事命名的。他请读者想象一次金融委员会会议，讨论三点议程。）可知帕金森提出想象中的会面的目的是澄清“琐事定律”这一概念。9.CWhensomethingisoutsideofourcircleofcompetence,likeanuclearpowerplant,wedon'teventrytoexpressanopinion.(当某件事超出我们的能力范围时，比如核电厂，我们甚至不会试图表达意见。）可知需要能力的时候可能达不到而不会发表意见。故选C。10.B推理判断题。在考查解决方案，根据文章最后一段Gettingtheresultyouwant-athoughtful,educateddiscussionaboutthatpowerplant-dependsonhavingtherightpeopleintheroom(得到你想要的结果个关于发电厂的有思想的、有教育意义的讨论取决于房间里有合适的人）可知作者对成功会议的建议是让合适的人坐到桌子上。11.C标题归纳题。文章在写“车棚”定律的概念，原因和如何避免。D篇说明文，科学研究旨在阐明我们对鱼类如何使用内部GPS估计距离的理解。12.C.事实细节题由第一段thepurposeoftheresearch:thestudyaimstoshedlightonourunderstandingofhowfish,andpotentiallyhumans,estimatedistancesusingwhatcouldbedescribedasaninternalGPS.13.D判断推理题，由第三段However,whenthestripepatternwasalteredtoeithernarrowerverticalstripes,checkedpatterns,orhorizontalthebehaviorchangedsignificantly.Narrowerverticalstripesledthemtooverestimatingthedistanceby36%,whilehorizontalstripesresultedinhighlyinconsistentestimations.可知鱼缸条纹改变后，鱼对距离的估算不准确了。14.C.第四段进一步阐明金鱼估计距离的原理usingan“optic(光学的)flowmechanism”basedonthevisualdensityoftheirenvironmentTheykepttrackofhowfrequentlytheverticalpatternswitchedbetweenblackandwhitetoestimatehowfartheyhadtraveled.金鱼利用多维视觉信息来评估距离；D项错在locatingability15.D观点态度题，最后一段：“thestudyisnovel,it’sexcitingtoexplore”可知态度是积极地，赞成的。七选五:说明文给对家庭花园有兴趣的读者提供了一些有益的建议，指导他们该从哪些方面着手营建自己的花园。16.B.过渡句,此需要过渡句However,itisadeservingchallengeformanypeople.17.F.承接句依据空前是在说转变环境的一种快乐。空后句的“it”也是指的17个空中的“alovelyhomegarden”1页18.G法，后边仍然是在讲细节，所以选择G项。touches装点。19.C段首句，也是主旨句，C项中的aswellas强调前者。即花园不仅是令人放松的地方，更是对身体很好的锻炼，本段也是在围绕着园艺对健康带来的好处在写，所以选C。20.A承接句前一句再说有很多关于家庭园艺的书籍和杂志，所以接下来承接的应该是去图书馆，应该帮你开始园艺工作。所以选A完形：CBABA26-30.DDDCA31-35.CBDDC话题：人与自我，这是一篇人物介绍，介绍残疾摔跤运动员AnthonyRobles的故事。21.C.introducesb.tosth.,介绍某人入门，或者初次体验。22.B.当他的堂弟初次带他体验摔跤时，他并不着迷。通过后面转折喜欢上摔跤可以得知。23.A.尽管有些人质疑Robles参加这项运动，和后面家人的鼓励形成对比。24.B.asourceof,的源泉。家庭是我给我支持和鼓励的源泉。25.A.plantsth.insb.给某人灌输某种思想。家人从小给我灌输我能做好我用心做的事这种思想。26.D.applymindto专心做。27.D.家庭没有给我特殊的对待，通过后面他们把我当正常孩子抚养可以得知。28.D.Robles曾经一度意识到精神上要再坚强一些，和前面的尽管很多人认为身体方面对于一个运动员来说是最大的挑战形成对比。29.C.finishseventh,比赛结果是第七名。30.A.takeabreak,休息。通过“Thatreallyjusthelpedmetomentallygetbacktothesport.”可知。that指的应该是休息，也就是精神上的自己调节变的更坚强。31.C.stressedout:精神压力大。becutout:被删除be