全国2016年10月00015《英语(二)》历年真题及答案【带解析】

2016年10月《英语（二）》真题

第一部分：阅读判断（第1〜io题，每题1分，共10分）

下面的短文列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该

句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句

的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案涂黑。

Being"Cool"inMiddleSchool

Anewstudyshowsthatgentleandquietkidsinmiddleschoolwillgrow

uptorule.Or,atleast,they，11livehealthierandmoreproductivelives

thanthe〃cool〃kidswill.

Thestudylookedat13-year-oldswhoactedoldfortheiragebyhaving

〃cool〃behavior,suchasearlyromanticrelationships.Theywereseenas

〃cool〃andpopularkids.Butastheygrewup,thingschanged.Thestudy

foundthatthesekidstendedtohaveproblemswithdrugsandrelationships

bytheirearly20s.Theirbehaviorwasnolongerlinkedwithpopularity.

Instead,theywerethoughttobelesssociallyskilledbytheirpeers.

Besides,theaverage〃cool〃kids,byage22,didmorepoorlythanthe

averagekidsinthestudy.Theyhada45percentgreaterrateofproblems

duetodrugsandalcohol.Theyalsohada22percentgreaterrateof

criminalbehavior.Thestudyalsofoundthatthesekidsfailedtodevelop

importantlifeskills.Theyspentsomuchtimetryingtoseemcool.They

didn，tdeveloptheskillsneededformeaningfulfriendships.

Thestudyfollowed86maleand98femalemiddleschoolstudentsfora

10-yearperiod.Ithassomesurprisingfindings.Inparticular,thestudy

notesthattheso-called〃cool〃behaviorisapredictor（预示）offuture

problemswithdrugsandalcohol.Infact,itisabetterpredictorthan

drugandalcoholuseinmiddleschool.However,oneconclusionofthestudy

iswelcome.Researcherssaidthatparentsshouldn，tworrytoomuchif

theirkidsdon'tseemthatpopular.IfakidpreferstospendSaturday

nightsathomewatchingamovieorreadinginsteadofgoingoutwith

friends,thatisnotacauseforconcern.Many〃uncool〃kids,theysaid,

domuchbetterlateronthanthepopularkidsdo.

1.Gentlekidsarelesshealthywhentheygrowup.

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

【答案】B

【解析】文章前两句“Anewstudyshowsthatgentleandquietkidsinmiddle

schoolwillgrowuptorule.Or,atleast,they，11livehealthierandmore

productivelivesthanthe〃cool〃kidswill.”表明Gentlekids活得更健

康，选Bo

2.〃Cool〃kidstrytoimitateadultbehavior.

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

【答案】A

【解析】Thestudylookedat13-year-oldswhoactedoldfortheirageby

having〃cool〃behavior,suchasearlyromanticrelationships.Theywere

seenas〃cool〃andpopularkids.可知答案为A。

3.Romanticrelationshipsseemcooltosometeenagers.

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

【答案】A

【解析】Thestudylookedat13-year-oldswhoactedoldfortheirageby

having〃cool〃behavior,suchasearlyromanticrelationships.Theywere

seenas〃cool〃andpopularkids.可矢口答案为A。

4.〃Uncool〃kidsaremorelikelytocommitcrimes.

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

【答案】B

【解析】Theyhada45percentgreaterrateofproblemsduetodrugsand

alcohol.Theyalsohada22percentgreaterrateofcriminalbehavior,

选B。

5.〃Cool〃kidshavebetterlifeskillsthan〃uncool〃kids.

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

【答案】B

【解析】Instead,theywerethoughttobelesssociallyskilledbytheir

peers.Besides,theaverage〃cool〃kids,byage22,didmorepoorlythan

theaveragekidsinthestudy.表明所谓的"cool"kids在生活技能和学习研

究上都比其他人差，选B。

6.〃Uncool〃kidsspendmostoftheirtimestudying.

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

【答案】c

【解析】文章并未提及，选C。

7.Thestudyfollowedthestudentsforadecade.

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

【答案】A

【解析】第二段第一^句"Thestudyfollowed86maleand98femalemiddle

schoolstudentsfora10-yearperiod.”表现这项研究持续了10年，选A。

8.〃Cool〃kidsmarryearlierthan〃uncool〃kids.

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

【答案】C

【解析】文章并未提及，选C。

9.Parentsneedn，tworryiftheirkidsare〃uncool〃.

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

【答案】A

【解析】Researcherssaidthatparentsshouldn，tworrytoomuchiftheir

kidsdon，tseemthatpopular.表明父母并不因这些孩子的因为而感到着急，

选Ao

10.〃Cool〃kidsremainpopularalltheirlives.

A.True

B.False

C.NotGiven

【答案】B

【解析】由文章最后一句可知答案选B。

第二部分：阅读选择（第n〜15题，每题2分，共10分）

阅读下面短文，请从短文所给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出1个最佳

选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。

Itisestimatedthattherearemorethan8millionrestaurantsintheworld

today.Soitmightsurpriseyoutolearnthatrestaurantsasweknowhave

onlyexistedforafewcenturies.Before1765,therewerenorestaurants.

Therewasnowhereinwhichaserverbroughtyoufoodanddrinkthatyou

chosefromamenu.Infact,therewasnomenusanywhere.

Therewereplaceswheretravelerscouldeatcenturiesbeforethat.The

countrysidewasfullofinnsthatwouldservefood.Andtherewerebars

whereonecouldgetadrink.Therichcouldalsoeatmealssuppliedby

privatecooks.Buttherewasnothingthatcouldbecalleda“restaurant”.

AFrenchmanchangedthat.In1765,heopenedaplaceinParisthatsold

soups.Onhissign,heusedtheterm"restaurant"todescribewhathewas

selling.Soupswereconsidered"restorative”,sohecalledthem

“restaurants"。Finally,peoplestartedbuyinghissoupsevenwhennotill.

Andastimewenton,peoplebegantousetheterm"restaurant"torefer

totheplacewheresoupwassoldratherthanthesoupitself.More

“restaurants"openedupinFrance,andpeoplebegantobuysoupsmore

regularly.

Then,restaurantsinParisbegantoservefoodotherthansoups.Inthe

1780s,menusstartedtoappear.Bythe1800s,thereweremanytypesof

restaurants,andtherestaurantconceptwasspreadthroughouttheBritish

Empire.

Aslowstartgavewaytorapidgrowth.Citiesandtownsaroundtheworld

arefilledwithrestaurantstoday.Itisestimatedthatthereare1.6

millionrestaurantsinEurope.InAmerica,therearenearlyahalfmillion

restaurants.Today,dinershavemillionsofchoices.

11.Before1765,travelerscouldhavemealsata(n).

A.bar

B.inn

C.restaurant

D.centeen

【答案】B

【解析】由第二段第一句"Therewereplaceswheretravelerscouldeat

centuriesbeforethat.Thecountrysidewasfullofinnsthatwouldserve

food."可知答案为B。

12.Thefirst〃restaurant"onlyserved.

A.soups

B.desserts

C.drinks

D.fruits

【答案】A

【解析】有第二段最后一句Buttherewasnothingthatcouldbecalleda

“restaurant”.和第三段AFrenchmanchangedthat.In1765,heopenedaplace

inParisthatsoldsoups.表明一位法国人开了第一间餐馆买汤。答案为A。

13.Theword"restorative”(Line3,Para.3)mostprobablymeans.

A.havingaspecialflavor

B.makingyouhappier

C.havingapleasantsmell

D.makingyouheathier

【答案】D

【解析】restorative表示滋补的，可恢复健康的。若不知其意，由Soupswere

considered"restorative”,sohecalledthem“restaurants”.Finally,

peoplestartedbuyinghissoupsevenwhennotill.这一1句中最后”即使当

没有生病的时候”也可以说明当时汤被认为是健康的，选D。

14.Therestaurantconceptstartedin.

A.America

B.Britain

C.Germany

D.France

【答案】D

【解析】Then,restaurantsinParisbegantoservefoodotherthansoups.

Inthe1780s,menusstartedtoappear.在18世纪80年代，菜单出现了，是

在巴黎的餐馆。答案选D。

15.Thebesttitleforthistextis.

A.DefinitionofRestaurant

B.ImportanceofRestaurant

C.OriginofRestaurant

D.TypesofRestaurant

【答案】c

【解析】整篇文章都是在介绍Restaurant如果出现并且发展的，所以答案选C。

第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16〜25题，每题1分，共10分）

阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：（1）从第16〜19题后所给的5

个选项中为第1〜4段每段选择1个正确的段落大意；（2）从第20〜25题后所

给的7个选项中选择6个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在答题卡相应位置上

将答案选项涂黑。

HowtoProtecttheArtofPublicSpeaking

Ifyouwanttobecomethetypeofspeakeryou，vealwayswantedtobe,read

thefollowingsuggestions.

1.Youcan，tgofromanervousspeakertoastarspeakerovernight.You

shouldn，texpectto.Giveyourselftimetogetusedtoalargeaudience.

Startwithsmallergroupsandgetasmuchfeedbackasyoucan.Keepon

practicinganddevelopingyourskills.

2.Befamiliarwithyourspeechmaterials.Thatdoesn，tmeanmemorizing

yourspeech,whichcanlackenthusiasmandnaturalness.Knowyourkey

talkingpoints,supportingdetailsandwaystomovefromonepointtothe

next.

3.Positiveenergycanbepassed.Ifyou，reexcitedandenthusiastic,your

audiencewillbe,too.You，11besurprisedatthepositivecyclethat

creates:Anenthusiasticaudiencecanaddevenmoreenergytoyou.Use

handgestures.Whenappropriate,smile,smile,smile.

4.Findfriendly,interestedfacesintheaudienceandspeaktothem.Look

intotheireyes.Ithelpspreventyoufromstaringoffintothedistance

orreadingfromnotes.Italsohelpsmakeyoufeellikeyouaretalking

inaconversationratherthanspeakingtoagroup.

5.Whenyoulookgreat,youfeelgreat.Thatmakesyouconfident.Looking

greatdoesn，tmeanwearingnewclothes.Itmeanswearingclothesandshoes

youfeelcomfortableandappropriatetothesetting.Youcan，tgowrong

withbusinesssuit.Simpleisfine,butyoushouldlookcleanfromhead

totoe.

16.Paragraph1

A.Beenthusiastic

B.Knowyourmaterials

C.Makeeyecontact

D.Knowyouraudience

E.Improvegradually

F.Dressappropriately

【答案】E

【解析】由Keeponpracticinganddevelopingyourskills.可知要持续锻

炼和提高技能，选E。

17.Paragraph2

A.Beenthusiastic

B.Knowyourmaterials

C.Makeeyecontact

D.Knowyouraudience

E.Improvegradually

F.Dressappropriately

【答案】B

【解析】由第一句Befamiliarwithyourspeechmaterials.可知答案选B。

18.Paragraph3

A.Beenthusiastic

B.Knowyourmaterials

C.Makeeyecontact

D.Knowyouraudience

E.Improvegradually

F.Dressappropriately

【答案】A

【解析】SIfyouJreexcitedandenthusiastic,youraudiencewillbe,too.

可知答案选A。

19.Paragraph4

A.Beenthusiastic

B.Knowyourmaterials

C.Makeeyecontact

D.Knowyouraudience

E.Improvegradually

F.Dressappropriately

【答案】C

【解析】由Lookintotheireyes.Ithelpspreventyoufromstaringoff

intothedistanceorreadingfromnotes.可是答案选C。

20.Paragraph5.

A.Beenthusiastic

B.Knowyourmaterials

C.Makeeyecontact

D.Knowyouraudience

E.Improvegradually

F.Dressappropriately

【答案】F

【解析】由Lookinggreatdoesn，tmeanwearingnewclothes.Itmeanswearing

clothesandshoesyoufeelcomfortableandappropriatetothesetting.

可知答案为Fo

21.Feedbackhelpsspeakers.

A.lackofenthusiasm

B.makeyoulookgreat

C.apositiveatmosphere

D.improvetheirspeakingskills

E.stopyoufromreadingyournotes

F.becomeagoodlistener

【答案】D

【解析】由第一段Startwithsmallergroupsandgetasmuchfeedbackas

youcan.Keeponpracticinganddevelopingyourskills.可矢口答案选D。

22.Memorizingmaterialsmayleadto.

A.lackofenthusiasm

B.makeyoulookgreat

C.apositiveatmosphere

D.improvetheirspeakingskills

E.stopyoufromreadingyournotes

F.becomeagoodlistener

【答案】A

【解析】由Thatdoesn，tmeanmemorizingyourspeech,whichcanlack

enthusiasmandnaturalness.可矢口答案选A。

23.Handgesturesandsmileshelpcreate.

A.lackofenthusiasm

B.makeyoulookgreat

C.apositiveatmosphere

D.improvetheirspeakingskills

E.stopyoufromreadingyournotes

F.becomeagoodlistener

【答案】c

【解析】第3段Usehandgestures。Whenappropriate,smile,smile,smile.

前面Anenthusiasticaudiencecanaddevenmoreenergytoyou.表明答案

选C。

24.Lookingintotheeyesoftheaudiencehelps.

A.lackofenthusiasm

B.makeyoulookgreat

C.apositiveatmosphere

D.improvetheirspeakingskills

E.stopyoufromreadingyournotes

F.becomeagoodlistener

【答案】E

【解析】由第4段Lookintotheireyes.Ithelpspreventyoufromstaring

offintothedistanceorreadingfromnotes.可知答案选E。

25.Wearingrightclothesmay.

A.lackofenthusiasm

B.makeyoulookgreat

C.apositiveatmosphere

D.improvetheirspeakingskills

E.stopyoufromreadingyournotes

F.becomeagoodlistener

【答案】B

【解析】由最后一段Lookinggreatdoesn，tmeanwearingnewclothes.It

meanswearingclothesandshoesyoufeelcomfortableandappropriateto

thesetting.可知答案选案

第四部分：填句补文(第26〜30题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文

内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案

选项涂黑。

RemainingActive

Ourbodyisanamazingobject,(26)Ifyouareinactivemostofthe

time,yourbodywillquicklybecometiredwhenitshouldbeactive.But

ifyouareveryactive,yourbodywillgetusedtothehardwork,andthe

workwillbecomeeasierforyoutodo.

Physicalactivitycanhelppeopleremainactiveandstayhealthy.(27)

Italsohelpspeoplesleepbetter.Thisiswhyactivestudentdon，t

complainaboutbeingtired.Theyhaveagoodnight，ssleepandhavethe

energytostudyhardandhavefuneveryday.

Physicalactivityalsomakespeoplelookandfeelgood.Activityburns

morecalories(卡路里)thanjustsitting.(28)Inaddition,regular

exercisecanmakeyourmusclesandbonesstronger.

Therearemanyfactorstolookatwhenyouselectanewphysicalactivity.

Themostimportantistochoosesomethingyouenjoy.Ifyoulikejumping

rope,thatistheactivityyoushoulddo.(29)Infact,twodaysof

basketball,threedaysofswimming,andtwodaysofbicyclingcanbemore

funthanjoggingeveryday.

(30)Someskillswillimprovewithpracticewhileothersmayalways

bedifficultforyou.Ifyouenjoyanactivity,feelfreetodoit.No

onecareswhetheryoucandoitwellornot,andyoudon，tneedtocare

aboutiteither.

Whateveractivityyouchoose,remainactive.Itcanmakeyouphysically

fitandhealthyforlife.

26.

A.Butyoudon，thavetodothesamethingeveryday.

B.Differentactivitiesneeddifferentskills.

C.Youmayprefertoparticipateinteamactivities.

D.Ithelpsthebodyfightoffillness.

E.Themoreyouaskofit,themoreitcando.

F.Itisveryimportanttokeepahealthyweight.

【答案】E

【解析】“inactive”松弛的。26后面用了两个if形成了本段的比较，所以26

题的一句话也应该涉及两种。选E。

27._____

A.Butyoudon'thavetodothesamethingeveryday.

B.Differentactivitiesneeddifferentskills.

C.Youmayprefertoparticipateinteamactivities.

D.Ithelpsthebodyfightoffillness.

E.Themoreyouaskofit,themoreitcando.

F.Itisveryimportanttokeepahealthyweight.

【答案】D

【解析】由27题后面“Itcansis。…”可知答案选D。

28._____

A.Butyoudon，thavetodothesamethingeveryday.

B.Differentactivitiesneeddifferentskills.

C.Youmayprefertoparticipateinteamactivities.

D.Ithelpsthebodyfightoffillness.

E.Themoreyouaskofit,themoreitcando.

F.Itisveryimportanttokeepahealthyweight.

【答案】F

【解析】本段讲到了运动和身体的为问题，F选项符合。

29._____

A.Butyoudon，thavetodothesamethingeveryday.

B.Differentactivitiesneeddifferentskills.

C.Youmayprefertoparticipateinteamactivities.

D.Ithelpsthebodyfightoffillness.

E.Themoreyouaskofit,themoreitcando.

F.Itisveryimportanttokeepahealthyweight.

【答案】A

【解析】后面提到了做很多种项目会比每天慢跑更有趣味可知30题内容应该和

运动种类有关，故选A。

30.

A.Butyoudon，thavetodothesamethingeveryday.

B.Differentactivitiesneeddifferentskills.

C.Youmayprefertoparticipateinteamactivities.

D.Ithelpsthebodyfightoffillness.

E.Themoreyouaskofit,themoreitcando.

F.Itisveryimportanttokeepahealthyweight.

【答案】B

【解析】后面"Someskillswillimprove…”可知答案选B。

第五部分：填词补文(第31〜40题，每题L5分，共15分)

下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请根据短

文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答

案选项涂黑。

PositiveAttitudetowardsFailure

IclearlyrememberaperiodduringwhichIfeltlikeafailure.Butwhat

I(31)learnedwasthatfailingatonethingisnotfailingatall

things.And,infact,failureisa(32)partofgrowth.Lifeisfilled

withtrialand(33).Inordertowalkthepathto(34),you

needtomakesome(35)turnsalongtheway.WhatIlearnedwasto

“failforward”,to(36)eachmistaketomakemyselfbetter.Oneof

the(37)problemspeoplehavewithfailureisthattheyaretooquick

tojudgeisolated(38)intheirlivesandlabelthemasfailures.

(39),theyneedtokeepthebiggerpictureinmind.Asuccessful

baseballplayerdoesn't(40)atamistakehemakesandthinkoffailure.

Heseesitwithinthecontextofthebiggerpicture.

31.

A.error

B.use

C.eventually

D.graceful

E.necessary

F.situations

G.Firstly

H.wrong

I.Instead

J.success

K.greatest

L.look

【答案】C

【解析】eventually,最终。但是我最终认识到了一件事情的失败不意味着每件

事情的失败。这里面只有C放里面语义相通。

32.

A.error

B.use

C.eventually

D.graceful

E.necessary

F.situations

G.Firstly

H.wrong

I.Instead

J.success

K.greatest

L.look

【答案】E

【解析】事实上，失败也是成长中的一部分。由语义构成看，necessary

必要的，必需的更符合语义。

33.

A.error

B.use

C.eventually

D.graceful

E.necessary

F.situations

G.Firstly

H.wrong

I.Instead

J.success

K.greatest

L.look

【答案】A

【解析】生活充满了磨难与o这些选项中唯有error错误可以语义相符，

选Ao

34.

A.error

B.use

C.eventually

D.graceful

E.necessary

F.situations

G.Firstly

H.wrong

I.Instead

J.success

K.greatest

L.look

【答案】J

【解析】为了走向的道路，词句填success更符合语义，选J。

35.

A.error

B.use

C.eventually

D.graceful

E.necessary

F.situations

G.Firstly

H.wrong

I.Instead

J.success

K.greatest

L.look

【答案】H

【解析】由后面“failforward”可知这里选H。

36.

A.error

B.use

C.eventually

D.graceful

E.necessary

F.situations

G.Firstly

H.wrong

I.Instead

J.success

K.greatest

L.look

【答案】B

【解析】这里根据句义结构应该选填一个动词，故在B、L中选择。显然B.use

填入更符合语义，选B。

37.

A.error

B.use

C.eventually

D.graceful

E.necessary

F.situations

G.Firstly

H.wrong

I.Instead

J.success

K.greatest

L.look

【答案】K

【解析】Oneofthegreatestproblems,最大的问题之一，选K。

38.

A.error

B.use

C.eventually

D.graceful

E.necessary

F.situations

G.Firstly

H.wrong

I.Instead

J.success

K.greatest

L.look

【答案】F

【解析】根据句意，F为最合适的选项。isolatedsituation孤立的情况。

39.

A.error

B.use

C.eventually

D.graceful

E.necessary

F.situations

G.Firstly

H.wrong

I.Instead

J.success

K.greatest

L.look

【答案】I

【解析】选项中只有G、I两个选项可以做句首。若用G,则后面需要继续有排

序，但是后面并没有，故选I。

40.

A.error

B.use

C.eventually

D.graceful

E.necessary

F.situations

G.Firstly

H.wrong

I.Instead

J.success

K.greatest

L.look

【答案】L

【解析】一个成功的棒球运动员不会视一次他犯过的错误就想到失败。答案选

Lo

第六部分：完形补文(第41〜50题，每题1.5分，共15分)

下面的短文有10处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其

正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上。

Self-reliance(自立)

Everyonehasheard(hear)theword"self-reliance”.Emersonwrotea

(41)(fame)essayaboutit.Hefeltthatpeopleshouldtrustin

theirown(42)(able).Theyshouldthinkandactforthemselves.

Likemanysuch(43)(term),thisonehadnorealmeaningformeuntil

itwas(44)(demonstrate)tomeinreallife.

LastyearImetablindgirl(45)(name)Gail.Shewas(46)

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