高考人教版英语一轮课件必修三Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars

enjoyitandsucceedinthefuture,buteventuallyIexhaustedmyselfunderstandingtheeconomyandtryingnewmarketingtechniques.Comingoutofthisexperience,IrealizeitisOKtobedifferentfromothersandtostudythingslikeclassics,arthistoryandothermajorsofferedintheCollegeofHumanities(人文学科)!(2019·高考天津3月卷·D)Withabroaderperspective,wewillbemorefree,

lesslimitedinwhat

Chaseafteryourdreammajorwithallyourenergy,nomatterwhatother

peoplethink.

□dissolvevt.&vi. □acidn.□chainn. □multiplyvi.&vt.□oxygenn. □mammaln.□geologistn. □extinctadj.□lessenvi.&vt. □spaceshipn.□weightlesslyadv. □satelliten.□shellfishn.1．__________n．大气层；气氛2．_______n．万有引力；重力3．____adv.因此；于是4．______adj.温和的；文雅的5．_______n．气候atmosphere

gravity

thus

gentle

climate

6．_____vi.&vt.碰撞；坠落7．____n．&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力8．_____vi.&vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n．漂浮物9．______n．系统；体系；制度10．______n．学说；理论crash

pull

float

system

theory

1．______vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难n.谜；难题→_______adj.迷惑不解的→________adj.令人迷惑的2．_______adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→________n．暴力→_________adv.暴力地；猛烈地3．______prep.与……不同；不像→____vt.喜欢prep.像；如同→______adj.可能的puzzle

puzzled

puzzling

violent

violence

violently

unlike

like

likely

4．_______adj.有害的→____n．&vt.伤害→________adj.无害的5．_____vi.存在；生存→_________n．存在；生存6．_____n．球体；地球仪；地球→______adj.全球性的；全世界的7．________n．宗教；宗教信仰→_________adj.宗教的8．_______n．生物学→_________n．生物学家9．________n．反应；回应→_____vi.反应10．_________n．物理学家→_______n．物理harmful

harm

harmlessexist

existence

globe

global

religion

religious

biology

biologist

reaction

react

physicist

physics

[强化训练]一、根据所给提示，用适当形式填空1．Stevemovedtothepianoandsatatthebench，handstremblingashe______(温柔地)placedhisfingersonthekeys.(2019·高考江苏卷)2．Accustomedtothe_______(气候)inthecountryside，theoldcoupleprefernottomovetothecity.3．Themeetingwasheldinalively__________(气氛)whereeverybodyfeltfreetosharehisideas.gently

climate

atmosphere

4．Wefailedtofindenoughevidence;____(因此)weconcludedthathewasinnocent.5．Theoldscientisttoldhisstudentsthatscientific________(theory)mustbebasedonfacts.6．Myuncle'scarcaughtfirebytheroad.Fortunately，he__________(pull)outofthecarbyapasser­by.7．Hefoundsomething________(float)onthelake，whichfrightenedhim.thus

theories

waspulled

floating

8．Atruckwentoutofcontroland_______(crash)intothebackofabus.9．Thepopularityoftheseplatformsisspreading________(global).(2020·高考全国卷Ⅱ)10．Infaceof________，peoplecanact_________iftheyfeelthreatened.(violent)crashed

globally

violence

violently

harm

harmful

harm

likes

dislikes

likely

biology

biologist

14．Heoftensaysthathedoesn'tbelieveinany________butmeanwhileherespectsothers'_________freedom.(religion)15．Therewasa_______lookonthelittlegirl'sfacebecausea________problem_______her.(puzzle)

religion

religious

puzzled

puzzling

puzzled

二、熟词生义(写出加黑词的词性及词义)1．(2019·高考北京卷)Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface，wheretheypullcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen._____2．Theladyhadn'tchainedherdogup，thusgettingitkilledonthemainroad._______________3．Wenearlyexhaustedourcoalreservedforthewinter，whichworriedusalot._______________vt.吸收

vt.用链条拴住

vt.用尽，用完

【联想记忆】

“阻止/禁止某人做某事”的多种表达①preventsb.fromdoingsth.②prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.③stopsb.fromdoingsth.④bansb.fromdoingsth.⑤keepsb.fromdoingsth.⑥forbidsb.fromdoingsth.⑦discouragesb.outofdoingsth.⑧standinone'swayofdoingsth.1．__time及时；终于2．prevent...____阻止；制止3．________既然4．cheer__感到高兴；感到振奋5．___eggs下蛋6．givebirth__产生；分娩in

from

nowthat

up

lay

to

7．__one'sturn轮到某人；接着8．watchout___密切注意；当心；提防9．depend__依靠；取决于10．break___突发；爆发11．block___挡住(光线)12．getthehang__熟悉；掌握；理解in

for

on

out

out

of

活用一：①________weallunderstandthatthehazeisharmfultoourhealth，weshouldtakeeffectivemeasuresto②_______it____gettingbadtoworse.Nomatterwhathappens，wemust③________andtrytoreducethepollution.Ifwekeepon，we'llsucceed④_______．Nowthat

prevent

from

cheerup

intime

活用二：Afire①_________inthebuildinglastnight.Luckily，thefirefightersarrivedintimeandputoutthefire.Wewerewarnedto②_____________electricityandgaswhencookingourmeals.Thankstothefirefighters'help，wewerenotinjured.Theyarethementhatwecan③_________whenweareintrouble.brokeout

watchoutfor

dependon

原句展示1.Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.[解读]

动词＋it＋adj./n.(宾补)＋todo。2．ButwhenItriedtostepforward，IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.[解读]

倍数表达法：倍数＋as...as...。3．“Oh，dear，”

Icried，“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”[解读]

nowthat引导原因状语从句。4．Wewatched，amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth'sgravityincreased.[解读]

形容词作伴随状语。仿写运用1.我详细地解释这个过程的每一步，这让他们得以理解如何泡茶。(2018·高考北京卷)Iexplainedeverystepoftheprocessindetail，____________________________________________howtomaketea.2．我的农场已扩大成了一个大农场，是以前的三倍大。Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone，which__________________________thepreviousone.whichmadeitpossibleforthemtounderstandisthreetimesaslargeas

3．既然你喜欢乒乓球，我想邀请你加入校队。_____________________________________，I'dliketoinviteyoutojointheschoolteam.4．兴奋并快乐着，我们早上9点钟在校门口开始了比赛。(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)__________________________,westartedtheracefromthegateofourschoolat9：00a.m.Nowthatyouarefondoftabletennis

Cheerfulanddelighted[经典例句]Thereusedtoexistachurchatthefootofthehill.山脚下曾经有一座教堂。【基础检测】——单句语法填空①Nooneknowshowthisworldcameinto_________(exist)．②Alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthephone，andmuchofitisbasedontrustand________(exist)relationships.(2019·高考北京卷)

existence

existing

【能力提升】——单句写作③众所周知，年轻人和老年人之间存在代沟。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Asisknowntoall,thereexistsagenerationgapbetweentheyoungandtheold.

[经典例句]Whatpuzzlesmeiswhyheleftthecountrywithouttellinganyone.令我不解的是，他为什么悄悄地离开了这个国家。Scientistsarepuzzledastowhythewhalehadswumtotheshore.科学家们感到不解：为什么这头鲸游到海岸上来。【基础检测】——单句语法填空①Peoplehavelongpuzzled__________howtheEgyptiansmovedsuchhugerocks.②Whenthelittlegirlwasaskedsucha________question，shestoodtherewitha_______lookonherface.(puzzle)③Besides,themost________(puzzle)thingisthatourtoneistoomonotonoustopresentthecharacter'sinnerheartfully.(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ)over/about

puzzling

puzzled

puzzling

【能力提升】——单句写作④虽然许多人对于网络投票的负面影响感到困惑，但是现在网络投票仍然受欢迎。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________WhilemanypeoplearepuzzledaboutthenegativesideofInternetvoting,itis

quitepopularnowadays.

[经典例句]Smartphonesnotonlytakeupourvaluabletime，butalsoareharmfultoourhealth.智能手机不仅占用我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的健康有害。Fruitjuicescanbeharmfultochildren'steeth.果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。【基础检测】——单句语法填空①Thelocalgovernmentcloseddownsomefactorieswhichhaddonealotofharm__theenvironment.to

【能力提升】——一句多译众所周知，吃太多垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。②Whatisknowntousisthateatingtoomuchjunkfood______________________．(harmful)③Itisknowntousthateatingtoomuchjunkfood____________________.(harmn．)health

doesharmtoourhealth

isharmfultoour[经典例句]WereachedthetopofMountTai,justintimetoenjoythesunrise.我们到达了泰山山顶，正好赶上欣赏日出。intime

Atthesametime

【能力提升】——句式升级③Inmyview，youshouldatnotimeloseheartwheneveryouareintrouble.Inmyview，________________________________wheneveryouareintrouble.(倒装)atnotimeshouldyouloseheart

[经典例句]Idohopeshecancheerupandacceptthechallengeoflifebravely!我真心希望她能振作起来，勇敢地接受生活的挑战！on

【能力提升】——词汇升级②WhenI'mfeelingsad，mymothertellsmefunnystoriestomakemehappy.WhenI'mfeeling_________，mymothertellsmefunnystoriesto___________．depressed

cheermeup

【基础检测】——单句语法填空①Thetwodaughterslookedaftertheirsickmother__turns.②Atthemeetingtheytookturns______(put)forwardanumberofsuggestionsaimingtopromotethereformofeducationsystem.

by

toput

【能力提升】——单句写作③人们使用自己的小汽车避免公共交通延误，反过来，这造成更多的问题。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars,

whichinturncreatesmoreproblems.

[句式剖析]1.Thisproducedachainreaction，whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.这就产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。[教材原句]

“makeit＋adj./n.＋(for...)todosth.”句型中it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。【基础检测】——单句语法填空①Iconsideritnouse___________(quarrel)withhimaboutit.②Theinventionoftelevisionhasmadeitpossible____moviescanbewatchedathome.quarrelling

that

【能力提升】——单句写作③新建的体育馆足够大，这使我们有可能参加各种各样的活动。(2018·高考全国卷Ⅲ)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thenewly­builtstadiumislargeenough,whichmakesitpossibleforusto

takepartinvariousactivities.

2.ButwhenItriedtostepforward，IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。[教材原句](1)表示“两倍”时用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上用“基数词＋times”表达。(2)此句型中倍数也可以用分数、百分数，half等其他程度状语来表达。【基础检测】——单句语法填空①Whenyoustudythelocalmap,you'llfindthistownisfourtimesasbig__thatone.②Thenumberofstudentsnowinthisschoolisfourtimes____itwastenyearsago.as

what

【能力提升】——句型转换Theshortfilmtellsaboutthedevelopmentofourschool.Nowourschoolisthreetimesasbigasthattenyearsago.③Theshortfilmtellsaboutthedevelopmentofourschool.Nowourschool__________________________thattenyearsago.④Theshortfilmtellsaboutthedevelopmentofourschool.Nowourschool__________________________thattenyearsago.isthreetimesbiggerthan

isthreetimesthesizeof

Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniversefirstcameinto_________(exist)．2．Whatpuzzlesyouisactually_puzzletomanyparentsinChina.3．AsfarasI'mconcerned，thereisnoharm__makinganapologytohimfirst.existence

a

in

in

up

in

tofocus

8．Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimes______(fast)thantraditionalgarbageasawhole.9．Watchout___themaninrags，forheisnotabeggarbutathiefindeed.10．Idevotedthreetimesasmuchtimeandenergy__Ididbefore.faster

for

as

Ⅱ.单句改错1．Shehasgotintothebadhabitofreadinginthebed,whichisharmfulforhereyes.2．Wanderinginthecountryside，Icouldfeelthewindgentleblowingthroughmyhair.3．Nowthatyouhavegotapermit,soyoucangoaheadwithyourproject.togently

4．AsfarasIknow,heusedtoearnhislivingbyjustsellbooksaswellassometoys.5．Iwasprevented∧visitingmyfriendonsucharainyday.6．LittleTomandthesailorsspenttwomonthsonaboard.7．Thehouse∧surroundedbyhighwalls.8．Theprimeministerwouldliketogotherebytrainotherthanbyair.selling

fromisrathermoonviolently

It

noticed

disappointed

Step2：再参考提供词汇(注意词形变化，有两个多余词汇)violent;there;disappoint;moon;it;notice;spaceStep3：核对答案并背诵短文Ⅳ.话题书面表达假如你是李华，你爱好太空探险但是却得不到父母的理解，于是你给英国朋友Stephen发电子邮件进行交流并请求帮助。要点如下：①你的观点(至少写2点)；②父母的意见。(一)根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文(无提示处请填写适当的过渡词汇：thus，however)DearStephen，❶①______________________(有一个问题)betweenmyparentsandme，andthat②_______________________________________________(使我不可能专心学习)．Ihav