陕西省安康市2022-2023学年高二年级下册期中考试英语试卷(含答案)

陕西省安康市2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷

学校：___________姓名：班级：___________考号：

一'阅读理解

Weallwanttodoourpartinreducingwasteandimprovingthewell-beingofourplanet.

Anditdoesrequiresomemindfulnessandeffort.Belowarewaystoreducewasteinandout

ofthehome.

Preparenow,eatlater.

Preparingfoodinadvancecansavemoneyandreducewaste.Spendingafewhoursat

thebeginningoftheweekcanreallymakeyourweekrunsmootherbecauseeachdayyour

foodisalreadyreadytogo.Also,bypreparingmealsinadvance,we'rebetterabletouseall

thegrocerieswe'veboughtwithoutleavingthemsolonginthefridgethattheygobad.

Useareusablewaterbottle.

Usingareusablewaterbottlecancutdownonplasticconsumption（消耗）.Areusable

waterbottlecanalsohelpkeepyouproperlyhydrated（补充水分）becauseyou'llhaveiton

hand.

Reusablefoodcontainersareyourfriend.

Usingreusablefoodcontainerswillpairnicelywithpreparingfoodinadvance.These

containerscanbeusedandwashedoverandoveragainsoyouwon'tneedtobuyadditional

options.

Ordersmallportions（份额）wheneatingout.

Startingsmallwheneatingoutisagreatwaytopreventfoodwaste!Weunderstandthat

eatingoutisenjoyable,andthiswayensuresthatyouonlyorderwhatyou'lleat.Also,you're

alwaysabletoordermoreifyou'restillhungry.Ifyoudohappentoordertoomuch,boxit

upandtakeithomeforlater.

Oneortwoofthesetipscanhelpreducetheamountofresourcesandfoodthatgoto

wasteinyourdailylife.Everystepispositivefortheplanet.

1.Whatcanhelpyoureducefoodwasteinthetext?

A.Cookingathome.B.Preparingfoodinadvance.

C.Keepingfoodinthefridge.D.Buyingfoodeveryday.

2.Howcanyoureduceresourceswaste?

A.UsesmallcontainersB.Tryreusablethings.

C.Eatlaterorout.D.Stayhungry.

3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?

A.Tointroducedailyactionsagainstwasting.

B.Todescribetheproblemsourplanetisfacing.

C.Toshowreaderstipsaboutreducingwaste.

D.Tocompareeffectivestepsforprotectingourplanet.

Inanincredibledisplayofcompassionandkindness,amanfromTurkeywasspotted

tryingtowarmapigeoninthemostcreativeway.

SabahattinYilmazwasathomeonechillyday.Afterarainshowerhadpassed,he

noticedsomethinglandedonthesill（窗台）outsidehiswindow一acoldandwetpigeon.The

animalwastremblingandsoaked;itclearlydidn'thavethechancetoseekshelterbeforethe

rainbegan.Feelingforthepoorpigeon,Yilmazthoughtofawaytodryhimoff.

Ratherthanpickhimupandtakehiminsidetowarmup,Yilmazpluggedinahairdryer

andusedittodryoffthebird.Littledidheknowthathisneighborcapturedthewhole

momentonvideo.Inthevideo,Yilmazcanbeseenleaningoutofhiswindow.Hewas

stretchinghisarmasfarashecansothehotaircanreachthepigeon.Thebirdwillinglylet

themanwarmhimup,crouching（蹲伏）tolethisouterfeathersdry.

Yilmaztoldthemediathathespentaboutfifteenminutesdryingoffthebird.Hesaidhe

hadjustopenedhiswindowwhenhesawthepigeonaroundthecomerofthesill.He

describeditaswetand“abouttofreeze“fromthecoldandrainyweather.

Afterfifteenminutes,Yilmazgavethepigeonbirdseed,whichheatehappily.However,

thebirdremainedwetstill."IsawthatitwasstilltheresoIwarmeditupagain,afterthe

pigeonrecoveredagain,andaftereatingagoodamountofseed,itflewaway,“Yilmaz

recalled.

Healsodidn'tknowthathewasbeingrecordedatthetimeandthatthevideowasshared

online.Hesimplydiditoutofthekindnessofhisheart.66Thepigeonisalivingcreatureand

deservedtocontinueliving,thatiswhyIdidit,“hesaid.

4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Anonlinevideoaboutapigeonbecameahit.

B.Amanwarmedupawetandcoldpigeon.

C.Amaninventedacreativewaytohelpbirds.

D.Amanlivesinharmonywithapigeon.

5.Whatwasthebird'sreactiontoSabahattinYilmaz'sbehavior?

A.Itwasscaredandflewaway.

B.Itwasannoyedandrefusedhishelp.

C.Itwasreadytoaccepthisassistance.

D.Itwashappytosettleinhishome.

6.Whatcanweseefromthevideo?

A.AmanwasfilmingYilmaz'skindness.

B.Apigeonwasjumpingbackandforthwhendriedoff.

C.Yilmazwaswarmingapigeoninanovelway.

D.Yilmazwasstretchinghisarmstocatchapigeon.

7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeSabahattinYilmaz?

A.Indifferentbutcreative.B.Patientandambitious.

C.Talentedbutcareless.D.Sympatheticandwarm-hearted.

WhenIzippedthroughelementaryschoolwaybackinthe1950s,inEnglishclasswe

wereencouragedtoexpressourselvesthroughcreativewriting,publicspeakingorperhaps

takingpartinsomeformofdrama.Andaswesharedourcreativitywewereimprovingour

communicationskills.Theemphasisherewashowbesttoconveyourthoughtsandtalentsas

clearlyaspossible.Yetitseemedthatallspokenwordexerciseswerebeingtaughtonlyfrom

thespeaker'spointofview,withlittleornotimespentteachingthefineartoflistening.

Andthatwasamissedopportunitybecauseyoungchildrenareremarkablelisteners.

Theytakeinwords,ideasandspeechpatterns,quiteoftenwithoutourawareness.Yet

somewherealongtheway,weteachthemtostoplistening.Perhapstheywouldbenefitfrom

lessonsinselectivesilence,concentration,whilefocusingonknowinghowtoprocessall

incominginformation.Sadly,tothebestofmyknowledge,nosuchprogramsareoffered.

Weseemtoallocatelesstimetoactuallylisteningtooneanother.Thereisnoquestion

thatweareanationofbadlisteners.Onereasonmightbethefactthatwehavebecomea

muchmorevisualsocietyasresultofexposuretotelevision,theInternetandallmannerof

hand-heldwirelessdevices.Wetendtobemoreself-absorbedandprimarilyfocusedon

hearingourselvestalkratherthanlisteningtoothers.

Iattendedasmallfamilygatheringafewyearsagoandalmosteveryoneexceptmy86-

year-oldauntwasconstantlytextingorcheckingemailontheiriPhone.Itmademewonder

whywehadbotheredgettogetherinthefirstplaceaswewerepayingsolittleattentionto

oneanother.Wecouldjustaseasilyhavehadanonlineget-together.

Listeningisindeedarareandspecialtalent.Andonethattakesalotofpractice.Butonce

youhavegottencomfortablewiththetechnique,youmightfindyournexttete-a-teteawhole

lotmoremeaningful.Simplylisteningfornuancesinconversationwillprovidesomuchmore

contextandsubstanceforthewordsyouarehearing.Remember,inordertobeinteresting,

youmustfirstbeinterested.Andinconversation,youaresupposedtobelistening,not

waitingtotalk.

8.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardtheEnglishclassinthe1950s?

A.Carefree.B.Tolerant.C.Favorable.D.Objective.

9.Whatmightbeareasonthatmakesusbadlistenersaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Wehavelesstimetocommunicate.B.Wehaveasenseofself-importance.

C.Therapiddevelopmentoftechnology.D.Thelackofcareandunderstandingforothers.

10.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor9sfamilygatheringafewyearsago?

A.Hisauntwasn'tgoodatlistening.

B.Hisauntdidn'tlikeattendingfamilygatherings.

C.Hisfamilymemberswereengagedinhotdiscussions.

D.Hisfamilymembersshowedlittleinterestinoneanother.

11.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?

A.Toleaddiscussions.B.Togivesuggestions.

C.Tocreateexpectations.D.Tomakecomparisons.

Summeriscoming,andsoonbeacheswillbefullofthesoundsofpeoplehavingfun:

splashing（泼洒）inwavesandplayinginthesand.Butimaginefindingaquieterspotof

ocean.Ifyoucouldstickyourearsunderthewater,youmighthearothersounds.Andmany

ofthosesoundsaremadebyfish.

PeoplehaveknownthatfishmakesoundssinceancientGreece;thatiswhytheygave

somefishnameslikereddrum,pigfishorcroaker."They'rebasedonthesoundsthesefish

make,“saidAudreyLooby.ShestudiesfishsoundsattheUniversityofFlorida.

Sofar,about1,000fishspecieshavebeenrecordedmakingsounds.Looby'sfavorite­

soundingfishistheGulftoadfish.Itmakesanamazingsoundlikeaboatwhistle.Scientists

arenotsurehowmanyfishmakesounds.Somethinkthatitmightbeasmanyas22,000

types,abouttwo-thirdsofthe34,000fishspeciesknown.Andthosearejustthesoundsfish

makeonpurpose.

Fishsoundsareimportantbecausetheygivealotofinformationaboutwhatisgoingon

tootherfish,andtoscientists.Ifscientistshearafishchewing,thentheyknowthereisfood

available.Thewarningnoisesofcertainfishspeciesgiveinformation,too.Theycantell

scientistshowmanyfisharelivingonareefandwheretheyarelocated.Andfishsoundscan

tellwheretheendangeredspeciesarelocated,too,saidLooby.

Fishsoundsmightevenhelppreserveandbringbackfishhabitats.Forexample,

scientistswanttotryplayinghealthyfishsoundsinareefthatisdying.Thehealthysounds

mightencouragefishtoreturnandliveinthedyingreef."Learningaboutfishsoundsletsus

learnaboutunderwaterenvironmentsandhopefullymanagethematthesametime,“Looby

said.

12.Whyaresomefishnamesmentionedinparagraph2?

A.Tomakeaprediction.B.TothinkhighlyofancientGreece.

C.Tointroduceanewresearch.D.Topresentaruleaboutnamingfishes.

13.Whatcanbelearntaboutfishsounds?

A.Theyaremadebyaccident.

B.Theysoundlikeboatwhistles.

C.Theyremainpartlymysterious.

D.Theyarefullyexploredscientifically.

14.Whatmightfishsoundshelpscientistswith?

A.Locatingreefs.B.Recoveringfishhabitats.

C.Identifyingspecies.D.Identifyingthetypesofreefs.

15.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlyfocuson?

A.Thesignificanceoffishsounds.B.Theexplanationoffishsounds.

C.Thedistributionoffishsounds.D.Theclassificationoffishsounds.

二、七选五

16.TipsforKeepingAwakeinClass

Ifyouwanttokeepawakeduringclass,sleepthenightbeforeyourclass.Studentswho

doze(打瞌睡)inclassoftenmissedsleepthenightbefore.Gettingenoughsleepisyourfirst

lineofdefensewhenitcomestostayingawakeinclass.①Formostpeople,eight

hoursofsleepisenoughtogetthroughtheday,butyourbodymayrequiremore.

②Thiswilltrainyourbodytoknowwhenitneedstobeasleepandwhenitistime

towakeup.Allowyourselftimetorelaxbeforeheadingtobedbyputtingawayyourphone,

homework,andotherthingsthatkeepyourmindactive.Gettingenoughhigh-qualitysleep

canhelpyou.

Anotherwayistotakeashowerbeforeclass.(3)Thewarmwaterfromyourshower

raisesyourbodytemperature.Thisalsoincreasesyourheartratesoyourbloodtravelsaround

yourbodyfaster.Finally,ithelpsdeliveroxygentoyourimportantorganssoyourbodycan

workatthebestlevelofefficiency.

（4）Whenyourbodyisexposedtocoldwater,yourbloodwillflowatahigher

pressure,meaningthatyourcirculation（循环）isevenfurtherincreased.Thecoldwaterwill

alsohelpwakeyouupbecauseitwillshockyourbody,forcingyoutobreathemore

deeply.⑤Andthusyouwillbemorementallysharp.

A.Havingawarmmealalsoworks.

B.Thiswillincreaseyouroxygenintake.

C.Performaseriesofmovementsbeforesleep.

D.Thishelpsyoufeelrefreshedandawakensyoursenses.

E.Forsomeextraenergy,finishyourshowerwithcoldwater.

F.Makesuretogetsomesleepifyouhaveaclassthenextday.

G.Keeparegularsleepschedulebygoingtobedatthesametimeeachnight.

三、完形填空（20空）

Asweallknow,mostofthetime,somethingweconsiderasaweaknessmightnotbea

weaknessatall!Ididn'tknowituntilIreadastory.Thereisawatercarrierwhohadtwo

largebuckets,eachhungononeendofa1whichhecarriedacrosshisneck.Oneof

thebucketshadacrackinit,andwhiletheotherbucketwasperfectandalways2a

fullportionofwaterattheendofthelongwalkfromthe3tothemaster'shouse,the

crackedbucket4onlyhalffull.

Theperfectbucketwas5ofitsaccomplishments,butthepoorcrackedbucket

wasashamedofitsown6Itspoketothewatercarrieroneday."Iwantto7

toyou.^^

Thecarrierasked,"Why?"TheBucket8"Becausethiscrackinmysidecauses

waterto9allthewaybacktoyourmaster'shouse.Itis10becauseofmy

weaknessesthatyoudon'tgetfullvalueforyourH

Thewatercarrierfelt12fortheoldcrackedbucket,andsaid,“Aswereturnto

themaster'shouse,Iwantyouto13thebeautifulflowersalongthepath."Asthey

14upthehill,theoldcrackedbuckettooknoticeofthesun15thebeautifulwild

flowersonthesideofthepath.“Didyouknowwhy?I16flowerseedsonthepath,

andeverydaywhilewewalkbackfromthestream,you've17themonyourside.”

Eachofushasourown18weaknesses.Youmaythinkthatyouare19or

useless,butsomehowtheseweaknessescanturnouttobea20indisguise（伪装）.

17.A.ropeB.poleC.needleD.bag

18.A.includedB.mixedC.processedD.delivered

19.A.riverB.springC.oceanD.stream

20.A.arrivedB.survivedC.approachedD.appeared

21.A.tiredB.proudC.afraidD.sick

22.A.impolitenessB.impossibilityC.imperfectionD.imbalance

23.A.explainB.apologizeC.attendD.point

24.A.repliedB.rejectedC.reportedD.reminded

25.A.flowbackB.leakoutC.boiloverD.dryup

26.A.surprisinglyB.relativelyC.definitelyD.roughly

27.A.participationB.happinessC.effectsD.efforts

28.A.excitedB.gratefulC.embarrassedD.sorry

29.A.noticeB.pictureC.smellD.water

30.A.wentB.runC.flewD.jumped

31.A.heatingB.warmingC.burningD.protecting

32.A.carriedB.collectedC.boughtD.planted

33.A.clearedB.ignoredC.wateredD.smelt

34.A.expensiveB.importantC.uniqueD.rare

35.A.inefficientB.independentC.innocentD.incredible

36.A.appreciationB.disadvantageC.blessingD.feast

四、短文填空

37.Globalwarmingisagradualincreaseintheearth'stemperature,generallyduetothe

greenhouseeffect①(cause)byincreasedlevelsofcarbondioxideandotherpollutants.

Temperaturesandsealevelsarerising,possiblycontributing②morestorms.The

risinghasinfluencedalot,(3)(result)inalotofclimateproblems,andhumansareatleast

partially®(blame).Globalwarmingcausesclimatechange,⑤placesaserious

threattolifeontheearthin(6)(vary)formslikewidespreadfloodingandextreme

weather.Climateexperts⑦(gather)detailedobservationsofdifferentweather(8)

(phenomenon)sincethemid-20thandofrelatedinfluencesonclimate.Scientistshavehigh

confidence®globaltemperatureswillcontinuetorisefordecadestocome,⑩

（large）duetogreenhousegasesproducedbyhumanactivities.

五、短文改错

38.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除

或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均只限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第n处起）不计分。

Lastsummer,Itookapartinvoluntarywork,helpingelderlypeople.Ideliveredmealsto

someoldpeoplelivealone.Nervousandexciting,Iknockedonthedoorofa90-year-old

manonthefirstday.Tomysurprise,thereisnoanswer.Ikeptknockingunlessoneofhis

neighborsturnedup,sayingtheoldmanmighthavegoneoutside.Soonthemanreturnedbut

acceptedmymeal.MyexperienceshaveshownthatIcanbringjoywitholdpeople.

Everyonewillfacethefactwhentheirparentsgrowolderandbecomedependentontheir

children.ThevoluntaryworkshasincreasedmyconfidenceandIbelieveIabletohelpmore

people.

六、书面表达

39.假定你是李华，是某国际学校的学生会主席。世界水日来临之际，你校美术馆要

举办为期五天的中学生摄影展。请你根据以下要点信息，写一则通知发布在校英文网

站，内容包括：

1.展览目的：提高节约用水意识；

2.展览时间：3月19日—3月23日，每天9:00—17:00；

3.注意事项：禁止喧哗。

注意：

1.词数80左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：世界水日WorldWaterDay

参考答案

1.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据Preparenow,eatlater•中的“Preparingfoodinadvancecansave

moneyandreducewaste.（提前准备食物既能省钱又能减少浪费。）”和“Also,bypreparing

mealsinadvance,we'rebetterabletouseallthegrocerieswe'veboughtwithoutleaving

themsolonginthefridgethattheygobad.（此外，通过提前准备食物，我们可以更好地使

用我们买的所有食品杂货，而不会在冰箱里放太久，它们会变质。）”可知，提前准备

食物能帮助你减少食物浪费。故选B。

2.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据Useareusablewaterbottle.中的“Usingareusablewaterbottle

cancutdownonplasticconsumption（消耗）.（使用可重复使用的水瓶可以减少塑料的消

耗。）”和Reusablefoodcontainersareyourfriend•中的“Usingreusablefoodcontainers

willpairnicelywithpreparingfoodinadvance.Thesecontainerscanbeusedandwashed

overandoveragainsoyouwon'tneedtobuyadditionaloptions.（使用可重复使用的食物容

器和提前准备食物是很好的搭配。这些容器可以反复使用和清洗，所以你不需要购买

额外的选择。厂可知，尝试可重复使用的东西，可以减少资源浪费。故选B。

3.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Weallwanttodoourpartinreducingwasteand

improvingthewell-beingofourplanet.Anditdoesrequiresomemindfulnessandeffort.

Belowarewaystoreducewasteinandoutofthehome.（我们都希望为减少浪费和改善我

们星球的福祉尽自己的一份力。这确实需要一些专注力和努力。以下是减少家庭内外

浪费的方法。）”和最后一段"Oneortwoofthesetipscanhelpreducetheamountof

resourcesandfoodthatgotowasteinyourdailylife.Everystepispositivefortheplanet.（其

中的一两个建议可以帮助你减少日常生活中浪费的资源和食物。每一步对地球都是积

极的。厂可推断，文章的主要目的是向读者展示减少日常生活浪费的建议。故选C。

4.答案：B

解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Inanincredibledisplayofcompassionandkindness,a

manfromTurkeywasspottedtryingtowarmapigeoninthemostcreativeway."（为了表现

出令人难以置信的同情心和善意，一名来自土耳其的男子被发现用最具创意的方式给

鸽子加热。）并结合全文的内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述的是一个人暖了一只又湿又

冷的鸽子。故选B。

5.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中"Inthevideo,Yilmazcanbeseenleaningoutofhis

window.Hewasstretchinghisarmasfarashecansothehotaircanreachthepigeon.The

birdwillinglyletthemanwarmhimup,crouching（蹲伏）tolethisouterfeathersdry."（在

视频中，可以看到Yilmaz探出窗外。他把手臂尽可能地伸展，好让热空气够到鸽子。

小鸟很乐意让他暖和起来，蹲着让他外面的羽毛晾干。）可知，这只鸟对Sabahattin

Yilmaz的行为表明它准备接受他的帮助。故选C。

6.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ratherthanpickhimupandtakehiminsidetowarm

up,Yilmazpluggedinahairdryerandusedittodryoffthebird.Littledidheknowthathis

neighborcapturedthewholemomentonvideo.Inthevideo,Yilmazcanbeseenleaningout

ofhiswindow.Hewasstretchinghisarmasfarashecansothehotaircanreachthepigeon.”

（Yilmaz并没有把它抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹风机，用它来吹干这只鸟。他不知

道的是，他的邻居拍下了整个过程。在视频中，可以看到Yilmaz探出窗外。他把手臂

尽可能地伸展，好让热空气够到鸽子。）可知，我们能从视频中看到Yilmaz正在用一

种新奇的方式给鸽子加热。故选C。

7.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句"Ratherthanpickhimupandtakehiminsideto

warmup,Yilmazpluggedinahairdryerandusedittodryoffthebird.（Yilmaz并没有把它

抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹风机，用它来吹干这只鸟。）”第四段第一句"Yilmaz

toldthemediathathespentaboutfifteenminutesdryingoffthebird.（Yilmaz告诉媒体，

他花了大约15分钟把鸟晾干。）”和第五段第一句"Afterfifteenminutes,Yilmazgave

thepigeonbirdseed,whichheatehappily.（十五分钟后，Yilmaz给了鸽子食，他吃得很

开心。）”可知，用“同情和热心的”最能描述SabahattinYilmaz。故选D。

8.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“WhenIzippedthroughelementaryschoolwaybackin

the1950s,inEnglishclasswewereencouragedtoexpressourselvesthroughcreativewriting,

publicspeakingorperhapstakingpartinsomeformofdrama.Andaswesharedour

creativitywewereimprovingourcommunicationskills.Theemphasisherewashowbestto

conveyourthoughtsandtalentsasclearlyaspossible.Yetitseemedthatallspokenword

exerciseswerebeingtaughtonlyfromthespeaker'spointofview,withlittleornotimespent

teachingthefineartoflistening.（上世纪50年代，我上小学时，英语课鼓励我们通过创

造性写作、公开演讲或参加某种形式的戏剧来表达自己。当我们分享我们的创造力

时，我们也在提高我们的沟通技巧。这里的重点是如何最好地尽可能清楚地传达我们

的想法和才能。然而，似乎所有的口语练习都只是从说话者的角度来教授，很少或根

本没有花时间来教授倾听的艺术）”可推知，第一段提到了英语课的好处以及缺点，即

作者对20世纪50年代英语课的态度是客观的。故选D。

9.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thereisnoquestionthatweareanationofbad

listeners.Onereasonmightbethefactthatwehavebecomeamuchmorevisualsocietyas

resultofexposuretotelevision,theInternetandallmannerofhand-heldwirelessdevices.（毫

无疑问，我们的国家都是糟糕的听众。其中一个原因可能是，由于电视、互联网和各

种手持无线设备的使用，我们的社会变得更加视觉化）”可知，作者认为，是技术的快

速发展让我们成为糟糕的倾听者。故选C。

10.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Iattendedasmallfamilygatheringafbwyears

agoandalmosteveryoneexceptmy86-year-oldauntwasconstantlytextingorchecking

emailontheiriPhone.Itmademewonderwhywehadbotheredgettogetherinthefirstplace

aswewerepayingsolittleattentiontooneanother.（几年前，我参加了一个小型家庭聚

会，除了我86岁的姑姑，几乎所有人都在不停地用iPhone发短信或查看电子邮件。

这让我很好奇，我们当初为什么要在一起，因为我们对彼此的关注如此之少）”可知，

在几年前的家庭聚会中，作者的家人对彼此都不感兴趣。故选D。

11.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Listeningisindeedarareandspecialtalent.Andone

thattakesalotofpractice.Butonceyouhavegottencomfortablewiththetechnique,you

mightfindyournexttete-a-teteawholelotmoremeaningful.Simplylisteningfornuancesin

conversationwillprovidesomuchmorecontextandsubstanceforthewordsyouarehearing.

Remember,inordertobeinteresting,youmustfirstbeinterested.Andinconversation,you

aresupposedtobelistening,notwaitingtotalk.（倾听确实是一种罕见而特殊的才能。这需

要大量的练习。但一旦你习惯了这种技巧，你可能会发现你的下一次私下交谈更有意

义。简单地听对话中的细微差别会为你听到的单词提供更多的上下文和实质内容。记

住，要想变得有趣，你必须首先感兴趣。在交谈中，你应该倾听，而不是等着说话）”

可推知，最后一段的目的是给出建议。故选B。

12.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“Peoplehaveknownthatfishmakesoundssince

ancientGreece;thatiswhytheygavesomefishnameslikereddrum,pigfishorcroaker.

"They'rebasedonthesoundsthesefishmake/5saidAudreyLooby.（从古希腊开始，人们就

知道鱼会发出声音；这就是为什么他们给一些鱼起名，如红鼓鱼、猪鱼或黄鱼。“它们

是基于这些鱼发出的声音，”奥德丽・卢比说。）”可知，在第二段提到一些鱼的名字是为

了提出鱼的命名规则。故选D。

13.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的"Scientistsarenotsurehowmanyfishmakesounds.

Somethinkthatitmightbeasmanyas22,000types,abouttwo-thirdsofthe34,000fish

speciesknown.（科学家们不确定有多少鱼会发出声音。一些人认为可能有多达22000

种，大约是已知的34,000种鱼类的三分之二。户可知，鱼的声音仍然有些神秘。故选

Co

14.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Fishsoundsmightevenhelppreserveandbring

backfishhabitats.（鱼的声音甚至可能有助于保护和恢复鱼类的栖息地。）”可知，鱼的声

音对科学家的帮助在于恢复鱼类的栖息地。故选B。

15.答案：A

解析：主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段的“Fishsoundsareimportantbecausetheygivealot

ofinformationaboutwhatisgoingontootherfish,andtoscientists.（fe的声音很重要，因

为它们提供了很多关于其他鱼和科学家正在发生什么的信息。）”和最后一段的“Fish

soundsmightevenhelppreserveandbringbackfishhabitats.（鱼的声音甚至可能有助于保

护和恢复鱼类的栖息地。）”可知，最后两段主要讲的是鱼的声音的意义。故选A。

16.答案：FGDEB

解析：①细节理解题。根据前文"Gettingenoughsleepisyourfirstlineofdefensewhenit

comestostayingawakeinclass（充足的睡眠是你在课堂上保持清醒的第一道防线）"可知，

该空处应该承接前一句，所以F.Makesuretogetsomeshut-eyeifyouhaveaclassthenext

day（如果你第二天有课，一定要睡一会儿）承上启下，符合题意。故选F。

②段落大意题。根据后文"Thiswilltrainyourbodytoknowwhenitneedstobeasleepand

whenitistimetowakeup.（这会训练你的身体知道什么时候该睡觉，什么时候该起床。）"

可知,该空处应该对后文进行概括，所以G.Keeparegularsleepschedulebygoingtobedat

thesametimeeachnight（保持有规律的睡眠时间,每晚在同一时间上床睡觉）与后句意思

相符，符合题意。故选G。

③细节理解题。根据前文"Anotherwayistotakeashowerbeforeclass（另一种方法是上

课前洗个澡）"可知，该空处应该介绍课前洗澡的好处，所以D.Thishelpsyoufeelrefreshed

andawakensyoursenses（这会让你感觉神清气爽，唤醒你的感官）符合题意。故选D。

④段落大意题。根据后文"Whenyourbodyisexposedtocoldwater,yourbloodwillflow

atahigherpressure,meaningthatyourcirculation（循环）isevenfurtherincreased.Thecold

waterwillalsohelpwakeyouupbecauseitwillshockyourbody,forcingyoutobreathe

moredeeply.（当你的身体暴露在冷水中，你的血液将以更高的压力流动，这意味着你的循

环会进一步增加。冷水也会帮助你醒来，因为它会震动你的身体，迫使你深呼吸。）”可知,

该空处要对后文进行概括，所以E.Forsomeextraenergy,finishyourshowerwithcold

water（为了获得额外的能量，要用冷水洗完澡）对后文进行了总结,体现了该段的中心大

意。故选E。

⑤推理判断题。根据前段提到冷水洗澡的好处是促进血液循环及进行深呼吸，可知该空

处应该承接上段意思，说明深呼吸带来的益处,再结合后一句"Andthusyouwillbemore

mentallysharp（从而使你的思维更加敏捷）"可知，该空处还要与下文自然衔接,B.Thiswill

increaseyouroxygenintake（这样可以增加你的氧气摄入量）解释了深呼吸的益处，符合题

意。故选B。

17.答案：B

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一个挑水的人，他有两个大水桶，每个水桶都挂

在一根杆子的一端，杆子挂在他的脖子上。A.rope绳子；B.pole杆；C.needle针；D.

bag包o根据上文“Thereisawatercarrierwhohadtwolargebuckets,eachhungononeend

ofa”可知，这里指挑水的杆子。故选B。

18.答案：D

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一个桶上有个裂缝，而另一个桶是完美的，在

从小溪到主人家的长途跋涉结束时，它总是能盛满一桶水，而有裂缝的桶只盛了半

桶。A.included包含；B.mixed混合;C.processed加工；D.delivered递送。根据后文

“afiillportionofwater”可知，这里指水桶只能送半桶水。故选D。

19.答案：D

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一个桶上有个裂缝，而另一个桶是完美的，在

从小溪到主人家的长途跋涉结束时，它总是能盛满一桶水，而有裂缝的桶只盛了半

桶。A.river河流;B.spring春天；C.ocean海洋；D.stream小河。根据后文“walkback

fix)mthestream”可知，打水是去小溪边，故选D。

20.答案：A

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一个桶上有个裂缝，而另一个桶是完美的，在

从小溪到主人家的长途跋涉结束时，它总是能盛满一桶水，而有裂缝的桶只盛了半

桶。A.arrived到达；B.survived生存；C.approached靠近;D.appeared出现。根据后

文“onlyhalffiill”可知，有裂缝的桶到家的时候只盛了半桶。故选A。

21.答案：B

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：完美的桶为自己的成就感到自豪，而可怜的破裂

的桶却为自己的不完美感到羞愧。A.tired疲惫的；B.proud自豪的；C.afraid害怕；D.

sick生病的。根据后文“ofitsaccomplishments”指完美的桶为自己的成就感到自豪，故

选B。

22.答案：C

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：完美的桶为自己的成就感到自豪，而可怜的破裂的

桶却为自己的不完美感到羞愧。A.impoliteness无礼；B.impossibility不可能；C.

imperfection不完美；D.imbalance不平衡。根据上文“butthepoorcrackedbucketwas

ashamedofitsown”可知，可怜的破裂的桶却为自己的不完美感到羞愧。故选C。

23.答案：B

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想向你道歉。A.explain解释；B.apologize道

歉；C.attend参力口；D.point要点。根据后文“becauseofmyweaknessesthatyoudon't

getfiillvalue”可知，破桶想为自己的缺点道歉。故选B。

24.答案：A

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：水桶回答说：“因为我身上的这条裂缝会让水一直漏

到你主人的家里。"A.replied回答；B.rejected拒绝；C.reported报告;D.reminded提

醒。根据后文“Becausethiscrackinmysidecauseswaterto”可知是在回答理由。故选

Ao

25.答案：B

解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：水桶回答说：“因为我身上的这条裂缝会让水一直漏

到你主人的家里。"A.flowback逆流；B.leakout泄露；C.boilover发怒；D.dryup干

涸。根据上文“onlyhalffliU”可知破桶会漏水。故选B。

26.答案：C

解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：正是因为我的弱点，你的努力没有得到充分的回

报。A.surprisingly惊人地；B.relatively相当地;C.definitely肯定地；D.roughly大

概。根据后文“becauseofmyweaknesses”可知，破桶认为肯定是自己的缺点耽误了别

人，故选C。

27.答案：D

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是因为我的弱点，你的努力没有得到充分的回

报。A.participation参力口；B.happiness幸福;C.effects影响；D.efforts努力。根据上

文“youdon'tgetfullvalueforyour”可知，这里指挑