浙江省天域联盟2024届高三年级下册第二次联考英语试题 含解析

2023-2024学年第二学期天域全国名校协作体联考

高三年级英语学科试题

命题学校、审题学校：双十中学、学军中学、天一中学

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本

试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到

答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，

并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一

小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatwillthespeakersdotogether?

A.Putthethingsaway.B.Cleanthebathroom.C.Sweepthefloor.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Lefsgetthisplacecleanedup!Ifsextremelymessyinhere.

W:Iknow.Ihateit.Okay,whydon'tweputawayallthestufffirst?Thenifllbeeasiertoclean.

M:Goodplan.Afterthat,whydon'tItacklethebathroomandyoucandothefloor?

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Wherewillthespeakersprobablygonext?

A.JoeandMary's.B.Agasstation.C.Arestaurant.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:DoyouthinkwecanmakeittoJoeandMary'sby7?

M:Ihopeso.Ifsonly5o?clocknowandwe'remakinggoodtime.

W:Yesbutdon'tyouwanttostopsomewhereandgrababite?

M:Iguessso.

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whycan'tthewomanattendthedinnerparty?

A.Sheisfeelingunwell.

B.Shehastoworkovertime.

C.SheneedstolookafterJake.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Eric,Ihatetobackoutattheeleventhhour,butFmnotgoingtobeabletomakeittoyourdinner

partytonight.

M:Whatashame!Didsomethingcomeup?

W:Jakefeelsundertheweatherandneedscare.

M:Oh,I'msorrytohearthat.Letmeknowifthere9sanythingIcandotohelp.

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Wherearethespeakers?

A.Atawineshop.B.Atarestaurant.C.Athome.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:Goodevening.CanIstartyouoffwithsomerefreshingdrink?

W:Yes,please.Tilhaveicedtea.

M:Alright.Areyoureadytoordernow?

W:Waitamoment,please.

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatdoesthewomanmean?

A.Shesupportstheman.

BThemanshouldfindanewjob.

C.Itwouldbeuselessgoingbacktoschool.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:I'mthinkingaboutgoingbacktoschool!Hittingthebooksagain.AmIcrazy?

W:Well,asIliketosay,"Nopain,nogain!^^Ifyou'regoingtogetabettersalaryatanewjobafterwards,thenwhy

not?

第二节（共15小题；每小题L5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每

小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6.Whataccessorydoestheredbikehave?

A.Adrinkholder.B.Abell.C.Alight.

7.Howmuchwillthemanpay?

A$300,B.$350,C.$500.

【答案】6.A7.C

【解析】

【原文】M:Arethosemountainbikes?

W:Yeah,theystartat$300.

M:Whatabouttheredone?

W:Itcomeswithafewaccessorieslikethedrinkholderandthebasketfor$350.

M:Seemsreasonable…Howaboutthiswhiteandblackone?

W:Thisone'stopoftheline,40%offanditcomeswithallthebellsandwhistles.Itevenhasalight!Thediscount

priceis$500.We'llbuilditforyoutoday,readytorideout.

M:Nice,rilbebacktomorrowtopickitup.Here'smycard.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Aseriouscomplaint.B.Apotentialclient.C.Aformercolleague.

9.Whatmakesthesituationcomplicated?

A.Theclienthastakenlegalaction.

B.Tonydidn'thandoverhisworktoothers.

C.Thecompanyhaslostimportantfiles.

【答案】8.A9.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Matt,wejustgotanemailfromoneofourclients.Theywarnedthattheyareseekinglegalactionagainst

us.

M:Thafsridiculous.Theyhaven'teventriedtosettlewithus.Infact,thisisthefirsttimeFveheardaboutthecase.

W:IwasjustcheckingthefilesandIfoundlettersfrom13monthsago.Tonymusthavebeenhandlingthisandafter

heleftnooneseemstoknowwhafsgoingon.

M:NowweareinajambecauseTonydidn'thaveanyonetakeoverhismess.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodoatfirst?

A.Findcarkeys.B.Takeabus.C.Checkhisschedule.

11.Whatdidthemandolastweek?

A.Hecrashedhiscarintoapolicecar.

B.Hechangedhiscarinsurance.

C.Hegottwospeedingtickets.

12.Whatdoweknowaboutthecourse?

A.Ifsexpensive.B.It's25-hourlong.C.Ifsanofflinecourse.

【答案】10.B11.A12.C

【解析】

【原文】M:Honey.Wherearemykeystothecar?

W:Here.Takethis.

M:Whafsthis?

W:Ifsthebusschedule.You'dbetterhurryoryou'llmissit.

M:Whatdoyoumean?Iwanttodrivetowork.

W:Well,youcan't.You'vehadtwospeedingticketsoverthelastcouplemonths,andyouhadthatcaraccidentlast

week.

M:Thatwasn'tmyfault.

W:Really?Youranintoapolicecarsittingalongsidetheroadbecauseyouweredistractedwhiletextingonyour

phone.AndwhenIcalledthecarinsurancetheotherday,theysaidourinsuranceratesaregoingupalot,especially

ifyoustayontheinsurance.

M:Awhat?No.

W:Youcanstillsaveusmoneyifyoutakeadefensivedrivingcourse.Ifsonly$250forthe15-hourclass.Andbear

inmindthatthisisacoursethafsnotavailableonline.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13.WhydidDannydecidetostarthisrecordingstudio?

A.Toworkwithmusicians.B.Tomakealiving.C.Toreducecosts.

14.WhatisinvolvedinDanny'sbusinessnow?

A.Drawingcartoons.

B.Recordingcommercialmusic.

C.Makinghisownpopalbums.

15.WhatdoesDannyhavetodo?

A.Advertisehisproductions.

B.Produceallkindsofmusic.

C.Dealwithwell-knownmusicians.

16.WhichofthefollowingisDanny9sstrength?

A.Hisskillatmusicarrangement.

B.Hisabilitytoemploynewtechniques.

C.Hiscapabilitytomeetmarketneeds.

【答案】13.C14.B15.C16.A

【解析】

【原文】W:Todaywe'retalkingtoarecordproducer,DannyTaylor.WelcomeDanny.Yousetupyourownrecording

studiowhenyouwere20.Whydidyoudothat?

M:Iusedtoplaykeyboardsinanumberofdifferentbands.Ialsowrotesongsandrecordedafewwiththeideaof

makinganalbum.IthoughtthatifIhadmyownplace,Icouldgetmymaterialdonecheaply.

W:Doyoumakeagoodlivingfromit?

M:ThemusicindustryhaschangedconsiderablyovertheyearsandI'veobviouslyhadtoadapttosurvive

一Idon9tjustrecordpopmusicanymore.Idowhatmightsoundlikeinterestingwork,recordingmusicforcartoons

andadverts,whichhelpsmekeepthestudiogoing.

W:Wouldyousayyourjob'shard?

M:Itcanbe.WithfamousartiststherearesomanythingsIhavetodotopleasethembeforethey511getdownto

work.

W:Arethereaspectsofmusicproductionyou'reparticularlygoodat?

M:Producersvary.Somearegreatatthetechnicalstuff,some,likeme,aregoodatarrangingmusic;otherscantell

whethersomethingthey'vewrittenwillbeacommercialsuccessornot.Ithinkwhatbandsappreciate,though,isthe

soundsIproduceandthefactthatmyproductionsstandoutfromotherstuffonthemarket.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17.Whoarethelisteners?

A.Constructionworkers.B.Collegestudents.C.Architects.

18.Whatdidthespeakerexpecttodoafteruniversity?

A.Teachengineeringcourses.

B.Designtallbuildings.

C.Workonaconstructionsite.

19.Whatdidthespeakerlearnfromhisexperienceinconstruction?

A.Thechancetoworkonvariousprojects.

B.Theopportunitytodesignbuildings.

C.Adeeperunderstandingofthetheories.

20.Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?

A.Unexpectedexperiencesinlifecanleadtovaluablegains.

B.Universityeducationshapespeopleforthemostpart.

C.Thefirstjobaftergraduationisveryimportant.

【答案】17.B18.B19.C20.A

【解析】

【原文】M:Helloeveryone.AlthoughImaynotappearassuchnow,afewyearsago,Iwasinthesamepositionas

allofyou,attendinglecturesandpullingall-nightersfortests.Ipursuedengineeringasmymajorhereandhada

strongpassionforit.However,lifehasawayofleadingusdownunexpectedpaths.Aftergraduating,Ifoundmyself

workingintheconstructionindustry,whichwasnotexactlywhatIhadenvisionedwhenIdreamtofdesigninghigh-

risebuildings.Nevertheless,itprovidedmewithauniqueperspective.Igainedanunderstandingofthepractical

applicationofthetheorieswelearnedinclass,witnessingfirsttimehowdecisionsmadeonpapercouldimpactthe

peopleontheground.Duringoneparticularproject,weencounteredadesignerrorthatremainedunnoticeduntilthe

constructionprocessbegan.Thankstomyengineeringbackground,Iwasabletoidentifytheissueandproposea

solutionthatsavedbothtimeandmoney.

Mymessageisthis:whileuniversityeducationprovidesasolidfoundation,itisthereal-worldexperiencesthattruly

shapeus.Donotfearifyourjourneytakesanunexpectedturn.Justlearnfromthem,andalwaysrememberthatevery

experience,whetherinaclassroomoronaconstructionsite,holdsvalue.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

A

BuccleuchPlace/BuccleuchPlaceLane

Overview

BuccleuchPlace/BuccleuchPlaceLane,1-6&;7-13,BuccleuchPlace,Edinburgh,EH89LW

BuccleuchPlaceprovidesamixofstandardstudybedroomswithinflats,eachwithsharedkitchen/livingspaces

andbathroomfacilities.

Standardsindeen-suiteroom

Standardroomwithen-suitebathroom£10,377peryear

BATHROOM:En-suite

CATERING:Self-cateredproperty

BILLS:Allutility（billsincluded-thereisanaverageallowanceofelectricitybutoverusecanresultinadditional

charges.

Twinroom

Twinroomwithsharedbathroomfacilities£5,215peryear

BATHROOM:Shared

CATERING:Self-cateredproperty

BILLS:Allutilitybillsincluded-thereisanaverageallowanceofelectricitybutoverusecanresultinadditional

charges.

Standardsingleroom

Standardsingleroomwithsharedbathroomfacilities£8,651peryear

BATHROOM:Shared

CATERING:Self-cateredproperty

BILLS:Allutilitybillsincluded-thereisanaverageallowanceofelectricitybutoverusecanresultinadditional

charges.

Cleaningandhousekeeping

•Staffonsitewillregularlycleanthelaundry,commonroom,commonroomtoilets,stairsandlifts.

•Staffwillvisityourflatweeklyandassistyouinkeepingcommonareasclean(kitchens,anysharedbathrooms

andhallways).However,residentsshouldalsocleanbetweenvisits.

•Residentsshouldclearrubbishandremovealrecyclingtothedesignatedareas:youarealsoresponsiblefor

keepingyourownbedroomsanden-suitebathroomsclean.

,Pleasenotethatalouraccommodationisnon-smoking,thisincludese-cigarettes.

21.Whichofthefollowingmightbetrueaboutastandardsingleen-suiteroom?

A.Itisthecheapestchoice.B.Itprovidesaprivatebathroom.

C.Foodisincludedinthebill.D.Residentsdonotneedtopayanybills.

22.AresidentintheBuccleuchPlace.

A.canhavee-cigarettesinhisroom.B.onlyneedstocleanhisownbedroom.

C.hasstaffvisitsonadailybasis.D.shouldremoverecyclingtospecificareas.

23.Whichofthefollowingsectioncouldthispassagebepossiblyfound?

A.Accommodation.B.Jobs.C.Finance.D.Courses.

【答案】21.B22.D23.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要描述了位于BuccleuchPlace的住宿选择，包括不同类型的房间、价格、

设施和清洁服务等内容。

[21题详解】

细节理解题。根据Standardsingleen-suiteroom部分中“Standardroomwithen-suitebathroom£10,377per

year（带浴室的标准间每年10377英镑）”可知，标准单人套间，提供一个私人浴室。故选B。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"•Residentsshouldclearrubbishandremoveallrecyclingtothedesignated

areas:youarealsoresponsibleforkeepingyourownbedroomsanden-suitebathroomsclean.(•居民应清理垃圾,

并将所有可回收物品移至指定区域；你还应负责保持自己的卧室和浴室清洁）”可知，住在布克勒奇广场的

居民应该把可回收物移到特定的区域。故选D。

【23题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段"BuccleuchPlaceprovidesamixofstandardstudybedroomswithinflats,eachwith

sharedkitchen/livingspacesandbathroomfacilities.（BuccleuchPlace在公寓内提供了标准的学习卧室，每个卧

室都有共享的厨房/起居空间和浴室设施）”以及文章主要描述了位于BuccleuchPlace的住宿选择，包括不

同类型的房间、价格、设施和清洁服务等内容可推知，文章选自“住宿”部分。故选A。

B

I'malwayscautiousofthetiredsaying,"Ifitdoesn'tkillyou,if11makeyoustronger.9,1mean,whataboutpolio

（小儿麻痹症）？Orloadsofotherhorriblethingsthatifyousurvive,you'releftscarredinonewayoranother.

FormanyyearsIworkedinaspecialistNHSclinicforpeoplewitheatingdisorders,whicharegreatly

misunderstoodandconnectedwithvanity（虚荣）wheninsteadifsusuallyaboutcontrolorevenprofoundtrauma

（精神仓伤）.Eatingdisordershavethehighestmortalityofanymentalillness,withoneinfiveofthosewithaneating

disorderdyingfromit.Treatmentforitislong,toughandtiring.So,it'sfairtosayit'snotsomethingtobetaken

lightly.

YetIwasoftensurprisedbyhowmanypatients-patientswithallsortsofotherconditionstoo,fromdepression

tocancer-wouldtellmehowtheexperiencehadchangedthemforthebetterafterreceivingtreatment.It'snotso

muchthatwhatdoesn'tkillyoumakesyoustronger;more,itmightmakeyoumoreunderstandingofyourselfand

moresensitivetothebattlesandstrugglesofothers.Itcanalsogivepeopleasenseofdeterminationandperseverance

theyneverhadbefore.

Ihadonepatientwhowasanaddictandalcoholicbesidessufferingeatingdisorder.Shewasfrequentlyrushed

intohospitalandwassometimesatarealriskofdying.However,afteryearsofhardwork,shestoppeddrinking,

stoppedusingdrugsandhereatingdisorderimproved.Shegotbackintoworkandstarteddoingseveralcoursesto

getpromoted.Actually,shehadgonethroughnumerousintenseandexhaustinginterviewsbeforelandingajob,but

shesaidwhenevershefeltshecouldn'thandleitordoubtedhercapabilities,sheremindedherselfthatnothingwould

everbeworseorharderthanwhatshehadalreadygonethrough.Shemanagedtomakethemostofherlifeandturn

herlifearound.

24.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheoldmantra?

A.Alwaysapplicable.B.Totallyabsurd.

C.Partiallyright.D.Quitemisleading.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph2possiblymean?

A.Thenumberofdeaths.

B.Thepossibilityofbeingcured.

C.Therateofgettingmentallyhurt.

D.Thechanceofhavingmentalillness.

26.Howdoestheexperienceinfluencepatientsaccordingtoparagraph3?

A.Itleadstoachangeableattitude.

B.Itmakesnonoticeabledifference.

C.Itbuildsuptheirphysicalstrength.

D.Itfostersself-awarenessandsympathy.

27.Whatcanwelearnaboutthepatientmentionedinthelastparagraph?

A.Shecontinuedharmfulhabits.B.Shereliedonlyonmedication.

C.Shealwaysbelievedinherself.D.Shebecamestrongerandtougher.

【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是议论文，主要论述了一名治疗饮食功能失调症的专家通过分享他的工作经历，表达了自己

对常见说法“如果疾病没有杀死你，它会使你更强大”的看法。

【24题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段"I'malwayscautiousofthetiredsaying（我总是对这句疲倦的话持谨慎态度）”

可知，作者对这一说法持保留态度，A选项”总是适用的”，B选项“完全荒谬的”，C选项“部分正确

的”，D选项的“十分让人误解的"，故选C。

【25题详解】

词义猜测题。根据第二段中画线词的下文"Eatingdisordershavethehighestmortalityofanymental

illness,withoneinfiveofthosewithaneatingdisorderdyingfromit,（饮食功能失调症是所有心理疾病中

mortality最高的，五分之一患有饮食功能失调症的人会死于这种疾病，）”可推断划线词的意思应该是

“死亡率”,故选A。

[26题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段"It'snotsomuchthatwhatdoesn'tkillyoumakesyoustronger;more,itmightmake

youmoreunderstandingofyourselfandmoresensitivetothebattlesandstrugglesofothers.（并不是说那些杀不

死你的东西都会让你变得更强大；更重要的是，它可能会让你更加了解自己，对他人的斗争和挣扎更加敏

感。）”中的it指代上文提到的“theexperience”，这段经历能培养自我意识和同情心。故选D。

[27题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"However,afteryearsofhardwork,shestoppeddrinking,stoppedusingdrugsand

hereatingdisorderimproved.Shegotbackintoworkandstarteddoingseveralcoursestogetpromoted.Actually,

shehadgonethroughnumerousintenseandexhaustinginterviewsbeforelandingajob,butshesaidwhenevershe

feltshecouldn'thandleitordoubtedhercapabilities,sheremindedherselfthatnothingwouldeverbeworseor

harderthanwhatshehadalreadygonethrough.Shemanagedtomakethemostofherlifeandturnherlifearound.

（然而，经过多年的努力，她戒酒、戒毒，饮食失调也得到改善。她重新回到工作岗位，开始学习几门课

程以获取晋升。事实上，在找到工作之前，她经历了无数次紧张而疲惫的面试，但她说，每当她觉得自己

无法应对或怀疑自己的能力时，她都会提醒自己，没有什么比她已经经历的更糟糕或更困难的了。通过。

她成功地充分利用了自己的生活并扭转了自己的生活。）”可知，事例中女病人在与吸毒、酗酒、饮食失

调等做斗争的过程中变得更有意志力、耐挫力，故选D。

C

Forwantofachip,thefactorywaslost.OnMay18thToyotabecamethelatestcarmakerforcedtocut

productioninaglobalshortageofmicrochips,announcingitwouldstopworkattwoofitsplantsinJapan.Other

carmakershavealsohadtosendworkershome.

Thepainisnotlimitedtothecarindustry,fortheshortagespansallsortsofchips,fromtheexpensive,high-

techdevicesthatpowersmartphonesanddata-centerstothesimplesensorsandmicro-controllersthathavebecome

avitalcommodity（商品）.Thischipdroughtistheresultofthecovid-19pandemicinteractingwithanindustrythat

issubjecttocyclesofboomandbust.

“Themostimportantthing”,saysMalcolmPenn,whorunsachip-industryconsultancy,t4isthatshortagesarea

naturalpartoftheindustry.9,Chipmakingisagoodexampleofa"pork-cycle“business,namedfortheregular

swingsbetweenunder-andover-supplyinporkmarkets.Aswithpigs,thesupplyofchipscannotquicklyreactto

changesindemand.Capacitywastightevenbeforethepandemic,saysMrPenn,pointingoutthatinvestmentby

chipmakersinfactoryequipmenthasbeenbelowitslong-termaverageformanyyears.

Thepandemicarrivedattheworstpossibletime.Afteranearlycrash,demandinseveralfieldsboomed.

Locked-downconsumersboughtlaptopsandotherdevices.Cloud-computingoperatorsaddedserverstodealwith

thewaveofhome-workers.Thecarindustrywasparticularlybadlyhitbyadecisiontocutordersearlyinthe

pandemic-demandforcarshassincerecovered.Butthecomplexitiesoftheproductionprocessmeanittakestime

torecover.6aIcancancelmyordersinanafternoon,9,saysMr.Penn."IfIwanttostartthemupagain,thattakes

months—andthatcapacityisnowbusyservingothercustomers.9,

Buttheporkcycleisturningonceagain.TaiwanSemiconductorManufacturingCompany,theworld'sbiggest

chipmaker,planstospend$30bnonnewcapacitythisyear.Twoothergiants,havealsodecidedonfurther

investment.Thatwillbringrelieftothewidereconomy,butnotimmediately.ThebossofIBMsaidhethoughtthe

shortagesmightlastfortwoyears.And,saysMrPenn,whenthedroughteventuallyends,chipmakersmayfind

theyfaceafamiliarproblemonabiggerscale:acapacityinvestmentinresponsetoseriousshortagestodaycould

wellmeanasizeablesurplus（过乘U）tomorrow.

28.Howdoestheauthorillustratethecyclicalnatureofchipmakinginparagraph3?

A.Byreferringtoaquotation.B.Bymakingacomparison.

C.Bydrawingaconclusion.D.Bypresentinganargument.

29.Whatmaytheinvestmentmentionedinparagraph5eventuallyleadto?

A.Improvedsupplychainstability.B.Timelyassistancetothebusiness.

C.Economicgrowthinrelatedsectors.D.Possiblefutureoversupplyofchips.

30.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Productioncapacitywouldrecoversoon.

B.Acombinationofreasonsledtochipshortage.

C.AninvestmentofS30bnwasenoughfortheproblem.

D.Toyotawasthefirstcarmakertosuspendproduction.

31.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Loading,pleasewaitB.Dying,pleaseact

C.Calling,pleaserespondD.Over-supplying,pleasestop

【答案】28.B29.D30.B31.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文探讨了全球芯片短缺对汽车工业和其他领域的影响，特别强调了疫情与产

业周期性交互作用的重要性，以及投资对未来芯片供应的影响。

[28题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“"Themostimportantthing”,saysMalcolmPenn,whorunsachip-industry

consultancy,ctisthatshortagesareanaturalpartoftheindustry.^^Chipmakingisagoodexampleofa"pork-cycle”

business,namedfortheregularswingsbetweenunder-andover-supplyinporkmarkets.Aswithpigs,thesupply

ofchipscannotquicklyreacttochangesindemand.Capacitywastightevenbeforethepandemic,saysMrPenn,

pointingoutthatinvestmentbychipmakersinfactoryequipmenthasbeenbelowitslong-termaverageformany

years.（“最重要的是，”经营一家芯片行业咨询公司的马尔科姆•佩恩说，“短缺是这个行业的一个自然组

成部分。”芯片制造是“猪肉周期”的一个很好的例子，以猪肉市场供应不足和供应过剩之间的定期波动

命名。与猪肉供应一样，芯片的供应无法迅速对需求变化做出反应。佩恩表示，即使在疫情爆发之前，产

能也很紧张。他指出，芯片制造商对工厂设备的投资多年来一直低于长期平均水平）”可知，作者通过比较

说明芯片制造的周期性。故选B。

【29题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段“And,saysMrPenn,whenthedroughteventuallyends,chipmakersmayfindthey

faceafamiliarproblemonabiggerscale:acapacityinvestmentinresponsetoseriousshortagestodaycouldwell

meanasizeablesurplus（过乘U）tomorrow.（佩恩表示，当严重短缺最终结束时，芯片制造商可能会发现，他们

在更大范围内面临一个熟悉的问题：为应对今天的严重短缺而进行的产能投资，很可能意味着明天会出现

相当大的过剩）”可知，第5段提到的投资最终会导致未来可能出现的芯片供过于求。故选D。

[30题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Thischipdroughtistheresultofthecovid-19pandemicinteractingwithanindustry

thatissubjecttocyclesofboomandbust.（这种芯片短缺是新冠疫情与受繁荣与萧条周期影响的行业相互作用

的结果）”可知，多种原因导致了芯片短缺。故选B。

【31题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段"Forwantofachip,thefactorywaslost.OnMay18thToyotabecamethelatest

carmakerforcedtocutproductioninaglobalshortageofmicrochips,announcingitwouldstopworkattwoofits

plantsinJapan.Othercarmakershavealsohadtosendworkershome.（由于缺少芯片，工厂歇业了。5月18

日，丰田公司宣布将停止其在日本的两家工厂的生产，成为最新一家因全球芯片短缺而被迫减产的汽车制

造商。其他汽车制造商也不得不让工人回家）”结合本文探讨了全球芯片短缺对汽车工业和其他领域的影

响，特别强调了疫情与产业周期性交互作用的重要性，以及投资对未来芯片供应的影响。可知，A选项

“正在装载中，请稍等”最符合文章标题。故选A。

D

Inrecentyears,aggressiononsocialmediahavebecomecommonplace.Morethanhalfofthevictimssaidthey

didn'tknowtheidentityoftheperpetrator（作恶者）.Mostpeopleagreedthattheanonymity（匿名）oftheInternet

providescoverfornastyandharassing（骚扰）behavior.

Doesthisgrowingaggressiononsocialmediagiveusaglimpseofourrealhumannature?Arewe-atourcore-

aggressivebeasts?Ifstruethathatecrimesareontherise,andpoliticaldivisionsappeartobegrowing.Thelevelof

publicbittemess-especiallyonline-issubstantial.ButIdon'tbelievethat'sbecausesocialmediahasunlockedour

cruelhumannature.

Asanevolutionaryanthropologist,Ihavespentyearsresearchingourtransformationasaspecies.Overthepast

twomillionyears,wehaveevolvedfromgroupsofapelikebeingsarmedwithsticksandstonestothecreatorsof

cars,rockets,andnations.Ourbiggerbrainshaveallowedustobondandcooperateinmorecomplexanddiverse

waysthananyotheranimal.Meanwhile,6tyouarewhomyoumeet."Howweperceive,experience,andactinthe

worldisshapedbywhoandwhatsurroundusonadailybasis.Thisprocesshasdeepevolutionaryrootsandgives

humanswhatwecallasharedreality.

Iwouldarguethattheriseinonlineaggressionisaproductofourevolutionarysocialskills,thesocialmedia

boom,andthespecificpolitical,economicandsocialcontextwherewefindourselves.Thisexplosivecombination

hasopenedupaspaceforincreasinglymorepeopletofantheflamesofaggressionandinsultonline.Aggressive

behavior-especiallytothoseyoudon'thavetoconfrontface-to-face-iseasierthanifseverbeen.Andfortheaggressor,

thereareoftennoconsequences.

Yes,itseemsthattheworldisgettingmoreaggressive,butthafsnotbecausewearemoreaggressiveatour

core.Ifsbecausewehaven'tbeenstandingupagainstbullying,abuse,andaggressiveharassment,andpromoting

pro-socialattitudesandactionsourcontemporaryworlddemands.Inpersonandonsocialmedia,wemustdoboth.

32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraphtworeferto?

A.Hatecrimesontherise.B.Growingpoliticaldivisions.

C.Considerableonlinebitterness.D.Thetransformationofhumans.

33.Whafstheauthor'sattitudetowardsocialmedia?

A.Critical.B.Objective.C.Approving.D.Ironic.

34.Whatdoestheauthorproposetoaddresstheissueofgrowingaggression?

A.Embracingouraggressivenaturetocompeteintoday'sworld.

B.Strengtheninglawstoholdperpetratorsresponsiblefortheironlineactions.

C.Promotingpositivebehaviorsandinteractionsinbothreal-lifeanddigitalspaces.

D.Focusingonlyonreducinganonymityontheinternettoreduceoffensivebehavior.

35.Whatismainlydiscussedinthispassage?

A.Theimpactofsocialmediaonsociety.

B.Theinfluenceofevolutiononourbehavior.

C.Thereasonsbehindrisingonlineaggression.

D.Thefactorsinthesocialmediadevelopment.

【答案】32.C33.B34.C35.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是议论文。本文论述了网上霸凌或其他攻击性言行增加的原因，是人类残忍的本性使然，还

是社交媒体的过错。

[32题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Doesthisgrowingaggressiononsocialmediagiveusaglimpseofourrealhuman

nature?Arewe-atourcore-aggressivebeasts?It'struethathatecrimesareontherise,andpoliticaldivisionsapp

eartobegrowing.Thelevelofpublicbitterness-especiallyonline-issubstantial.（社交媒体上日益增长的攻击性

是否让我们看到了真正的人性？