2023届上海市虹口区高三年级下册二模英语试题（解析版）

虹口区2023学年度第二学期期中学生学习能力诊断测试

高三英语试卷

2024.04

考生注意：

1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，

做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheend

ofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthe

questionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,read

thefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestion

youhaveheard.

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Onafarm.B.Atalibrary.

C.Inasnackbar.D.Inadepartmentstore.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】W:Thecoloristerrific,butitsstyleseemsabitoutofdate.

M:Oh,madam,thafspreciselywhyifsavailableatadiscount.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.7:00.B.7:30.

C.8:00.D.8:30.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:Don'tbetoohardonyourself.Startingamorningclassat7:00a.m.isquiteearlyafterall.

W:No,actually,they'vemovedtheclasstostartat8:00a.m.now,butIstillendedupbeing30minuteslateyesterday.

Q:Whendidthewomanarriveattheclassyesterday?

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Sheisinferiortohiminmaths.B.Sheisreallygoodatmaths.

C.Shedoesn'tworkhardatmaths.D.Shedidn'tdowellinthistest.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Youdidwellinthemathstest,Ali.

M:NotaswellasGill.She'sthebrainsinourclass!

Q:WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutGill?

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Hegotinjuredyesterday.B.Hedidn'tfinishhispaperontime.

C.Hefailedtosubmithispaperontime.D.Hecouldn'tfocushismindonthepaper.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Whafsup?Youlooksoupset.

M:Ishouldhaveturnedinmypaperyesterday,butittotallyslippedmymind.

Q:What'stheman'sproblem?

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.HeadmiresEmmaforhercourage.

B.Hedoesn'tunderstandwhatEmmasaid.

C.HegetsangrywithEmmaatthemeeting.

D.HethinksEmmashouldtakeabusinesscourse.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Emmareallylosthertemperduringthemeeting.Sheneedstobemorediplomatic.

M:Iagreewithyouonthat,butwealsohavetoacknowledgeherbraveryinstandingupforwhatshebelievesin.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

6.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Thewomanislookingforaresearchtopic.

B.Thewomanisstrugglingwithdataanalysis.

C.Themanistoobusytoofferhelp.

D.Themancan'tmakesenseofthedata.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:I'vebeenworkingonthisreallytoughpaperforweeks,andIjustcan'tfigureoutthepartabout

analyzingdata.

M:Igethowtoughthatcanbe.Howaboutyouexplainingthedatatome?Andtogetherwecanbrainstormsome

ideas.

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

7.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Theyarestressedoutduetotheirwork.

B.Theycarelittleaboutthelackofofficesupplies.

C.Theyareconcernedabouttheoffice'scleanliness.

D.Theyaretornbetweenworkandfamilyresponsibilities.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Ican'tbelievehowbusytheofficehasbeenlately.There'ssomuchpaperworktohandleandthe

deadlinesarepilingup.

W:Itfeelslikewe'reconstantlyracingagainsttheclock.

Q:Whatisthemainconcernofthespeakers?

8.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.ProfessorWangisverygoodatteachingbiology.

B.Itisunfortunateforthemantohavebiologyclass.

C.Thebiologicalproblemishardforallthestudents.

D.Themanstilldoesn'tunderstandtheproblem.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】W:IthinkProfessorWangexplainedthebiologicalproblemveryclearly.

M:Doyoureallythinkso?Unfortunately,ifsstillaclosedbooktome.

Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?

9.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Styleschangemorequicklythannecessary.

B.Youngstersdon'treallyknowwhatfashionis.

C.Peopleshouldcaremoreabouttheirappearance.

D.It'snotsensibletogoafterdesignerclothing.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:Idon'tknowwhydesignerclothingissopopularamongyoungsters.

W:Iseeeyetoeyewithyou.There'snopointindoingso.Ifonlytheyknewhowquicklystyleschange!

Q:Whatopiniondothespeakersagreewith?

10.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Themanmusttakehistoryclassesthisterm.

B.Sciencecourseisnotavailablethisterm.

C.Therewillbeanewhistoryteacherthisterm.

D.Shedoesn'tknowwhattherequiredcoursesarethisterm.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:I'mtomaboutchoosinganelective.Lastterm'shistoryteacherwasrough,andIwantaniceronenow.

W:Youdorealizethatart,history,andscienceareallrequiredcoursesthisterm,right?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyou

willbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesand

theconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouheara

question,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebest

answertothequestionyouhaveheard.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11.

A.Amysteriouscode.B.Atheoryofpersonalitytypes.

C.Apersonalitytype.D.Atesttoidentifyone'spersonality.

12.

A.Tojudgeanindividual'sabilities.B.Toidentifyabnormality.

C.Tohelppeopleunderstandthemselves.D.Tohelpsettleworkplaceconflicts.

13.

A.Whetheritcanpromoteworkefficiency.

B.Whetheritcanserveitsintendedpurpose.

C.Whetheritcanpromotethepublicationofstudies.

D.Whetheritcanshowpeople'spsychologicalstatus.

【答案】11.C12.C13.B

【解析】

【原文】HaveyoueverheardsomeonedescribethemselvesasanINTJoranESTPandwonderedwhatthose

mysteriousletterscouldmean?WhatthesepeoplearereferringtoistheirpersonalitytypebasedontheMyers-Briggs

/'mai9zbngz/TypeIndicator,orMBTI.

TheMBTIisaself-reportlistofquestionsdesignedtoidentifyaperson'spersonalitytype,strengths,and

preferences.ItwasdevelopedbyIsabelMyersandhermotherKatherineBriggsbasedontheirworkwiththetheory

ofpersonalitytypes.BasedontheanswerstothequestionsontheMBTI,peopleareidentifiedashavingoneof16

personalitytypes.ThegoaloftheMBTIistoallowrespondentstofurtherexploreandunderstandtheirown

personalitiesincludingtheirlikes,dislikes,strengths,weaknesses,andpossiblecareerpreferences.Noone

personalitytypeis"best"or"better“thananother.Itisn'tatooldesignedtolookfbrabnormality.Instead,itsgoalis

simplytohelpyoulearnmoreaboutyourself.

DespitethefactthatthousandsofstudiesusingtheMBTIhavebeenpublishedoverthedecades,some

researchersquestionthereliabilityofitsresults.Thatsaid,theMBTIremainsoneofthemostwidely-recognized

personalitytestsgloballyforitssimplicity,easeofuseandlongstandinghistoryasaworkplacetool.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14.

A.Theyhavebeensenttowildlifeparksforprotection.

B.Theirhabitatshavebeenwell-protected.

C.Theyhavebeentakencareofbylocals.

D.Theirpopulationhasalmostdoubled.

15.

AShefoughtagainstillegalhunting.B.Shehelpedtocuretheirdisease.

C.Sheimprovedtheirlivingconditions.D.Shewasengagedinpreservingforests.

16.

A.Toteachpeoplehowtotreatgorillas.B.ToboosttheeconomyofUganda.

C.TobettertheBatwapeople'slives.D.Toraisefundsforwildlifeprotection.

【答案】14.D15.B16.C

【解析】

【原文】Mountaingorillas,whichareverylargemonkeys,arefoundintheforestsofCongo,Ugandaand

Rwanda/ru：'a:ndo/.Theyhavefacedmultiplethreatstotheirsurvivaloverthelast120years.Duetoillegal

hunting,habitatlossandhuman-transferredillnesses,therewereonlyaround600leftby1989.Today,thatnumber

hasincreasedtomorethan1000-thanksinparttotheworkofwildlifedoctorGladysKalema./'glsedis/

/ks'leim。/

WhenKalema/k。'leim。/beganhercareerwiththeUgandaWildlifeAuthorityin1996,shetreatedmountain

gorillassufferingfromadeadlyformofdiseasethattheyhadpickedupfromhumanslivingindirtyconditionsnear

theforests.realisedthatyoucannotprotectthegorillaswithoutimprovingthehealthoftheirhumanneighbours,9,

shesays.

In2003,KalemafoundedanorganisationcalledConservationThroughPublicHealth,CTPHinshort,which

addressesthephysicalandeconomicwellbeingofthelocalBatwapeoplewholiveintheforests.Theorganisation

teacheshealth,conservationawarenessandprovideseconomicopportunitiesforfamiliesthatwouldotherwiseturnto

illegalhunting.Kalema,wholastyearreceivedaUnitedNationsChampionoftheEarthAward,said:"WeTe

showingpeoplethatwedon'tcareonlyaboutwildanimalsandtheforest.Wealsocareaboutthem.^^

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17.

A.RaisingfundstofilmtheX-FilesTVseries.

B.Switchingfromanacademicpathtoacting.

C.Givingupthehard-wonpositionofadoctor.

D.RejectingtheoffersfromtheIvyLeague.

18.

A.Beingthoughtfulandsomewhatofaloner.B.Havingascientificapproachtolife.

C.Enjoyingriskyadventures.D.Beingoverlyoptimistic.

19.

A.Hedidn'tgotocollege.B.Heisseriousandfocused.

C.Hedoesn'tbelieveinUFOs.D.Hesufferedalotfromhisdivorce.

20.

A.Youwillgrowstrongerbyovercomingchallenges.

B.Youarenotsupposedtoblameothersevenifyouarehurt.

C.Youcan'tpreventothershurtingyoufromtimetotime.

D.Ybuwillbecomepowerfulifdrivenbyyourdesires.

【答案】17.B18.A19.B20.A

【解析】

【原文】W:Goodevening,David,Tmsogladtohaveyouhere.

M:Ifsmypleasure.Thankyouforinvitingmeontheshow.

W:LefsdiveintoyourroleasMulderinTheX-Files.Thecharacterissupposedtobeafirmbelieverinthingslike

aliensandmysteriousevents.Howwasplayingthat?

M:Exactly.Ifsafascinatingcharactertoplay.

W:I'vereadaboutyourimpressiveacademicbackground.Fromexcellingintopschoolstobeingacceptedbymost

oftheIvyLeague.Ifsevenmoresurprisingwhenyou,onyourwaytoadoctorateatYale,tookafewactingclasses

andgotbeatenbythebook.

M:Yeah,itsurprisedmymotherasmuchasanyone.

W:SpeakingofMulder,doyoupersonallybelieveinlifebeyondEarthandUFOsightings,likeintheshow?

M:Ido.There9sgottobemoreouttherethanweknow.

W:AreyousimilartoMulderinbeingthoughtfulandabitofaloner?

M:Isupposeso.Thedirectorneededsomeonewhocouldbeseriousandfocusedbutalsointegratewithoutseeming

odd.

W:Yourfatherandmotherdivorcedwhenyouwereeleven.Doesthathaveeffectonyourlife?

M:Yeah,Ithinkthattheonlywaytothinkofitisthat,youknow,peoplearesaying“yourwoundisyourgoal”,you

know,"'whereveryou9rehurt,thafswhereyou511becomestronger.So,thafswhatifsreallyabout.

W:Thankyou,David.We'llpausehereforamomentandreturnshortly.

Questions:

1.WhatdecisiondidDavidmakethatsurprisedhismother?

2.InwhatwaydoesDavidrelatetohischaracterMulder?

3.WhatcanbelearnedaboutDavid?

4.Whatdoes“yourwoundisyourgoal“meanintheconversation?

II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheother

blanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

NoFilmingatConcertsandMovieTheatersonPhones

“Please,noflashphotography.^^

Politerequestslikethiscanbefoundinmuseumsallovertheworld,buttheygenerallydon'tdiscouragepeople

fromtakingphotosof21theyfeellike.Thesamegoesforconcerts,movietheatersandotherplaces

22peopleroutinelyignorefilmingrestrictions.AnewpatentfromApplemayblockthatrule-breaking

feature-onphonesatleast.

Thepatent,23(award)toAppletoday,outlinesasystemwhichwouldallowvenues,likeconcerthalls

ortheaters,touseaninfraredemitter(红夕卜发射器)toremotelydisablethecamerafunctiononsmartphones.

Accordingtothepatent,infraredbeamscouldbepickedupbythecamera,andinterpretedbythesmartphoneasa

command24(block)theuserfromtakinganyphotosorvideos.

Manymusiciansandperformershavebannedcellphonesfromtheirshows25theyobjecttothefree

footagecirculatingaroundtheweb.26this,imagesstillmanagetoleakout.Prince'slastconcertbeforehe

passedawayinAprilwassupposedtobecellphone-free-itapparentlywasn't.IfApple'spatent27

(introduce)intoiPhonesoftware,withvenuesputtinginfraredemittersaroundtheirstage,leakslikethiscould

potentiallystophappening.

Butthepatentalsoraisesquestionsaboutthesortofpowerthatthistechnologywouldbehandingoverto

28withmoreimmoralintentions.

Giventhecompany'srigidsupportofpersonalprivacywhenitcomestopolicerequeststobreakintousers9

devices,ifspossiblethatApplejust29(patent)thetechnologysothatnooneelsewilluseit.Butwho

knows,ifitdoesintendtointroducethisfeaturetofutureoperatingsystems,salesofcamcorders,orevenGoPros,

couldgetamuch-neededboost,aspeopletrytoavoid30(use)theprohibitivesoftware.

【答案】21.what##whatever##something##anything

22.where23.awarded

24.toblock

25.because##as##since

26.Despite

27.isintroduced

28.someone##those

29.patented

30.using

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。苹果公司刚刚为一个系统申请了专利，该系统将允许音乐厅或剧院等场所

使用红外发射器远程禁用智能手机上的摄像头功能。根据该专利，红外光束可以被相机拾取，并被智能手

机解读为阻止用户拍摄任何照片或视频的命令。

[21题详解】

考查连词或者代词。句意：像这样礼貌的要求在世界各地的博物馆都可以找到，但它们通常不会阻止人们

拍摄自己喜欢的东西。分析句子可知，空格处为介词of的宾语。根据句意，此处指物，可译为“东西；事

物”，可以用what(ever)连接宾语从句，或者something/anything为先行词，theyfeellike是省略了关系代词

的定语从句。故填what(ever)/something/anythingo

【22题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：音乐会、电影院和其他人们经常忽视拍摄限制的地方也是如此。分析句子可知，此

处是限定性定语从句。先行词为places,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语从

句。故填where。

【23题详解】

考查过去分词。句意：在今天授予苹果的这项专利概述了一种系统，该系统将允许音乐厅或剧院等场所使

用红外发射器远程禁用智能手机上的摄像头功能。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。被修

饰词Thepatent与award是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填awarded»

【24题详解】

考查动词不定式。句意：根据该专利，红外光束可以被相机拾取，并被智能手机解读为阻止用户拍摄任何

照片或视频的命令。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词。根据句意，此处是非谓语动词作定语修饰

command,表目的，应用动词不定式。故填toblock。

[25题详解】

考查状语从句。句意：许多音乐家和表演者已经禁止手机参加他们的演出，因为他们反对网络上流传的免

费视频。分析句子可知，空格处应填入状语从句的引导词。由句意可知，此处表示原因，应用because/as/since

引导原因状语从句。故填because/as/since„

[26题详解】

考查介词。句意：尽管如此，图像仍然会泄露出去。分析句子可知，空格处应填入介词。根据句意，此处

指“虽然；尽管”，应用介词despite,置于句首，首字母应大写。故填Despite。

【27题详解】

考查动词时态、语态以及虚拟语气。句意：如果苹果的专利被引入iPhone软件，在舞台周围放置红外发

射器，这样的泄漏可能会停止发生。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据主句内容可知，此处条

件状语从句应用一般现在时态。主语Apple'spatent与动词introduce是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。

故填isintroducedo

[28题详解】

考查代词。句意：但这项专利也引发了人们的疑问，即这项技术将把什么样的权力交给意图更不道德的人。

分析句子可知，空格处应填入代词作宾语。根据句意，此处指人，应使用someone/those作宾语。故填

someone/thoseo

[29题详解】

考查时态。句意：考虑到该公司在警方要求侵入用户设备时对个人隐私的严格支持，苹果可能只是为这项

技术申请了专利，这样其他人就不会使用它。分析句子可知，空格处作谓语。根据上文可知，”苹果为这

项技术申请专利”已经发生，故用一般过去时。故填patented。

【30题详解】

考查动名词。句意：但谁知道呢，如果它真的打算在未来的操作系统中引入这一功能，摄像机甚至GoPros

的销售可能会得到急需的提振，因为人们试图避免使用这种令人望而却步的软件。根据空前的avoid可知，

空格处应填入动名词作宾语。故填using。

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethat

thereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.chaosB.consumeC.plentifulD.dischargeE.evolutionarily

F.extent

G.freezeH.mechanismI.novelJ.subsequentlyK.unstable

ScienceinImages

Oystermushroomsfeatureincuisinesaroundtheworld,buttheyshouldbeoffthemenuforhungryworms—

whichthesedeliciousmushroomswillkillandeat.Nowresearchersfinallyknowhowtheydoit.

Oustermushfoom

AstudypublishedinScienceAdvancesdetailshowoystermushroomsuseaparticularpoisonoussubstanceto

freezeandgetridofmushroom-eatingroundwormscallednematodes（线虫）.Themushrooms,whichgrowon

nutrient-poordeadwood,then31thewormsfornutrition.

“Nematodeshappentobethemost32animalsthesemushroomsencounter.SoIthink,33,this

cross-kingdominteractionisveryinteresting,9,saysstudyseniorauthor.

Thestudyteamofgeneticists,biochemistsandbiologistshadpreviouslyfoundthatoystermushroomsrelease

anunidentifiedpoisonoussubstancethatwillsomehow34thewormswithinminutesandcauseachemical

elementtoflowintotheircells,killingthem.This35differsfromthoseusedbyothermeat-eatingmushrooms

andcouldbeuniquetooystermushrooms.

Fortheirnewwork,theresearchersgrewandanalyzedsamplesofthemushroom'stissue,findingnonoticeable

poisonevenwhentheybrokeitup.Theyreasonedthatwhateverwaskillingthewormsmustbeakindof36

compoundthatdisappearsintoairwhendisturbed.Whentheydamagedtheoystermushroomtissueagainand

37analyzedthenearbyair,theyfinallyfoundanervegasthatturnedouttobecontainedwithtiny,

special-shapedstructuresonthemushroomsurface.Whennematodestouchthemushrooms,thesestructures

38theirgas,disturbingtheworms?cellwallstocauseimmobilityanddeath.Thewormisthendigestedbythe

mushrooms.

Beforethisstudy,“weunderestimatedthe39towhichwildmushroomsdefendagainstorconsume

nematodes,“notesNickTalbot,ageneticistatSainsburyLaboratoryinNorwich,England.Thestudydemonstrates"a

very40approach,“headds."Theseorganismsarereallydifficulttoworkon,andDr.Hsuehisshowingthat

youcandosomereallyamazingworkwiththem.^^

【答案】31.B32.C

33.E34.G

35H36.K

37.J38.D

39.F40.1

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，蛇菇可以利用一种特殊的有毒物质冷冻并清除食蘑菇的线虫。

【31题详解】

考查动词。句意：蘑菇生长在营养不良的枯木上，然后吃掉蠕虫为了获取营养。分析句子可知，空格处应

填入谓语动词。根据空后fornutrition可知，这些蛭菇为了营养吃掉了蠕虫。根据句意，此处指“吃；消耗”，

故填consume。故选B。

【32题详解】

考查形容词。句意：该研究的资深作者说：“线虫恰好是这些蘑菇遇到的数量最多的动物。”根据空前the

most可知，空处应填入形容词。根据句意，此处指“丰富的；充足的"，故填plentiful。故选C。

【33题详解】

考查副词。句意：所以我认为，从进化角度来看，这种跨王国的互动非常有趣。分析句子可知，空处应填

入副词作状语。根据句意，此处指“进化上”，故填evolutionarily。故选E。

【34题详解】

考查动词。句意：由遗传学家、生物化学家和生物学家组成的研究小组此前发现，蛇菇会释放一种未知的

有毒物质，这种物质会在几分钟内以某种方式冷冻蠕虫，并导致一种化学元素流入它们的细胞，杀死它们。

根据空前will可知，空处应填入动词原形。根据上文oystermushroomsuseaparticularpoisonoussubstanceto

freeze可知，蛇菇冷冻蠕虫，故此处指''冷冻"，故填freeze。故选G。

【35题详解】

考查名词。句意：这种机制不同于其他食肉蘑菇所使用的机制，可能是牡蛎蘑菇所独有的。根据空前This可

知，空处应填入名词作主语。根据句意，此处指"机制",故填mechanism。故选H。

【36题详解】

考查形容词。句意：他们推断，杀死蠕虫的东西一定是一种不稳定的化合物，当受到干扰时会消失在空气

中。根据空后compound可知，空处应填入形容词作定语。根据句意，此处指“不稳定的"，故填unstable。

故选K。

[37题详解】

考查副词。句意：当他们再次破坏蛇菇组织并随后分析附近的空气时，他们最终发现了一种神经气体，这

种气体原来包含在蘑菇表面的微小异形结构中。分析句子可知，空处应填入副词作状语。根据句意，此处

指“随后"，故填subsequently。故选J。

【38题详解】

考查动词。句意：当线虫接触蘑菇时，这些结构会释放气体，扰乱蠕虫的细胞壁，导致其静止不动和死亡。

分析句子可知，空处应填入动词作谓语。根据句意，此处指“释放”，故填discharge。故选D。

[39题详解】

考查名词。句意：在这项研究之前，“我们低估了野生蘑菇抵御或消耗线虫的程度，”英国诺里奇塞恩斯

伯里实验室的遗传学家尼克•塔尔博特指出。根据空前the以及空后的to可知，空处应填入名词。根据句意，

此处指“程度”，故填extent。故选F。

【40题详解】

考查形容词。句意：他补充道，这项研究展示了“一种非常新颖的方法”。根据空前avery可知，空处应

填入形容词作定语。根据句意，此处指“新颖的"，故填novel。故选I。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,

CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Inthemiddleof2023,astudyconductedbytheHuthLabattheUniversityofTexassentshockwavesthroughthe

fieldsofneuroscience(神经科学)andtechnology.Forthefirsttime,thethoughtsandimpressionsofpeople

41tocommunicatewiththeoutsideworldweretranslatedintocontinuousnaturallanguage,usinga

combinationofartificialintelligence(AI)andbrainimagingtechnology.Thisistheclosestsciencehasyetcometo

42someone'smind.

Losingtheabilitytocommunicateisadeepcuttoone'ssenseofself.43thisabilitygivesthepatient

greatercontrolovertheirlives.Butitcouldalsogiveotherentities,suchascorporations,researchersandotherthird

parties,a(n)44degreeofinsightinto,orevencontrolover,thelivesofpatients.TheNeuroRightsFoundation,

basedatColumbiaUniversityinNewYork,arguesthatnewrightssurroundingneurotechnologieswillbe45

forallhumanstopreservetheirprivacy,identity,andfreewill.Thepotential46ofdisabledpatientsmakes

thisaparticularlyimportantproblem.

47thisapproach,Chilewasthefirstcountrythatadoptedlegislation,draftingnewlaws,toaddressthe

risksofneurotechnology.Itnotonlyintroducedanewconstitutionalrighttomental48.butisalsointhe

processofadoptingabillthatbanssellingneurodata,andforcesallneurotechdevicestoberegulatedasmedical

devices,eventhoseintendedforthegeneralconsumer.

Theproposedlegislationrecognizestheintensely49natureofneuraldataandconsidersitasorgan

tissues,whichcannotbeboughtorsold,onlydonated.Butthislegislationhasalsofaced50,withlegal

scholarsquestioningtheneedfornewrightsandpointingoutthatitcoulddiscouragebeneficialbrainresearchfor

disabledpatients.

WhilethelegalactiontakenbyChileisthemostimpactfuland51todate,othercountriesare

consideringupdatingexistinglawstofacethenewdevelopmentsinneurotechnologies.

Andwhileitislikelythatthefirstapplicationsofneurotechwillbemedical,future52arelikelyto

involveconsumerapplicationssuchasentertainment,aswellasformilitaryandsecuritypurposes.Thegrowing

53ofneurotechnologyinacommercialcontextonlycausesmorelegalconcerns.

Differentpeople,societies,andcultureswilldisagreeonwheretodrawtheline.Weareata(n)54

stageoftechnologicaldevelopment.Andaswebegintouncoverthegreatpotentialofbrainscience,theneedto

considertheirimplicationsforlegalactionbecomesmore55.

41.A.eagerB.readyC.unwillingD.unable

42.A.clearingB.occupyingC.changingD.reading

43.A.ReducingB.RestrictingC.RestoringD.Requiring

44.A.irrelevantB.uncomfortableC.negligibleD.supportive

45.A.neededB.limitedC.controlledD.denied

46.A.applicationB.weaknessC.impactD.significance

47.A.IncomparisonwithB.InlinewithC.AttheconclusionofD.Atthecostof

48.A.integrityB.conditionC.disorderD.function

49.A.groupB.generalC.physicalD.personal

50.A.interactionB.chanceC.criticismD.defence

51.A.far-reachingB.labor-savingC.short-sightedD.ill-timed

52.A.advancesB.arrangementsC.requirementsD.policies

53.A.confidenceB.availabilityC.membershipD.movement

54A.matureB.initialC.differentD.final

55.A.diversifiedB.genuineC.pressingD.special

【答案】41.D42.D43.C44.B45.A46.B47.B48.A49.D50.C51.

A52.A53.B54.B55.C

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。德克萨斯大学HuthLab进行的一项研究在神经科学和技术领域引发了冲击波。

恢复交流困难病人的交流能力可以让病人更好地掌控自己的生活，但它也可以让其他实体在某种程度上了

解甚至控制病人的生活，因此，随着脑科学的更多开发，考虑神经技术的应用对法律行动的影响变得更加

迫切。

【41题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过人工智能(AI)和脑成像技术的结合，无法与外界交流的人的思想和印象首

次被翻译成连续的自然语言。A.eager渴望的；B.ready准备好的；C.unwilling不愿意的；D.unable不能够

的。根据aweretranslatedintocontinuousnaturallanguagew和下文**Losingtheabilitytocommunicatew可知,

空处修饰people,此处表示一些人无法与外界交流，他们的想法被翻译成语言。故选D项。

[42题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是迄今为止最接近读心术的科学方法。A.clearing清理；B.occupying占据；

C.changing改变；D.reading看透(心思或想法)、读懂。根据上文“Forthefirsttime,thethoughtsandimpressions

ofpeople__1___tocommunicatewiththeoutsideworldweretranslatedintocontinuousnaturallanguage”可知，

有交流困难的人的想法被翻译成语言，这是一种解读大脑思维的方法。故选D项。

【43题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：恢复这种能力可以让病人更好地掌控自己的生活。A.Reducing减少；B.Restricting

限制；C.Restoring恢复；D.Requiring要求。根据“givesthepatientgreatercontrolovertheirlives.及前文

**Losingtheabilitytocommunicateisadeepcuttoone'ssenseofself."可知，有的人无法交流，恢复这种能力

能让病人更好的生活。故选C项。

【44题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但它也可以让其他实体，如公司、研究人员和其他第三方，在某种程度上了

解甚至控制病人的生活。A.irrelevant不相关的；B.uncomfortable不舒适的；C.negligible微不足道的；D.

supportive支持的。根据“Butitcouldalsogiveotherentities,suchascorporations,researchersandotherthird

parties"及adegreeofinsightinto,orevencontrolover,thelivesofpatients"可知，解读大脑虽然可以给病人

带来好处，但是也会在让他们不舒适的程度上控制他们的生活。故选B项。

【45题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：位于纽约哥伦比亚大学的神经权利基金会(NeuroRightsFoundation)认为，所有人

都需要围绕神经技术赋予新的权利，以保护自己的隐私、身份和自由意志。A.needed需要；B.limited限制；

C.controlled控制；D.denied否认。本艮据unewrightssurroundingneurotechnologieswillbew及uforallhumans

topreservetheirprivacy,identity,andfreewill.可知，需要围绕神经技术赋予新的权利，以保护自己的隐私、

身份和自由意志。故选A项。

【46题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意