人教版高中英语选修七第2讲：Living-well-语法篇(学生版)

第2讲Livingwell语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________熟练掌握动词不定式的形势与用法；能够熟练运用动词不定式各种形式。一.动词不定式的形式一般式完成式进行式不定式主动todotohavedonetobedoing被动tobedonetohavebeendonee.g.Heappearstobeveryhappy.Tocatchthetrain,we’dbetterhurrytothestationbytaxi.Ithappenedtoberainingwhenwegotthere.I’msorrytohavelostyourkey.Heissaidtohavestudiedabroad.Thesebooksaretobegivenouttothestudents.Thisnovelhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.二.动词不定式的用法作主语e.g.Toknowoneselfisdifficult.在很多情况下，我们通常用it作形式主语：e.g.Itisimpossibletolearnaforeignlanguagewithoutmakingpainstakingefforts.作表语e.g.Hiswishistobecomeanastronaut.作宾语e.g.Fatherlikestolistentomusicinsilence.Hehadnochoicebuttositthereasusual.Johnwashappytobegiventhejob.Sheishardtogetalongwith.在feel,find,think,consider,make等动词后，如果宾语带有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语e.g.Ifounditimpossibletoworkouttheproblemwithoutacomputer.可接不定时作宾语的动词有：aimappearagreearrangeask

decidebothercarechoosecome

daredemanddesiredetermineexpectelectendeavor

hope

failhappenhelphesitatelearnmeanmanageofferoughtplanpreparepretendpromiserefuseseemtendwait

wishrefuseattemptcontinue作宾语补足语e.g.Iheardthemsingyesterday.Sheaskedmetoanswerthephoneinherabsence.注意：hope,demand,suggest后不能接不定式作宾语补足语。作定语e.g.ThenexttraintoarrivewasfromNewYork.OnSundays,healwayshasalotofletterstowrite.作状语e.g.I’msavinguptobuyacomputer.Hegottothestationonlytofindthetrainhadgone.不定式表示结果常见于下列句型。1)so...astodoWouldyoubesokindastolendmeyourbicycle把你的自行车借给我好吗？2)such...astodoWearenotsuchfoolsastobelievehim.我们还没蠢到竟会相信他。3)enough…todoHedidn'trunfastenoughtocatchthetrain.他跑得不够快,没赶上火车。4)onlytodoHeliftedarockonlytodropitonhisownfeet.他搬起石头砸自己的脚。5)too...todoHiseyesightistoopoortoreadsuchsmallletters.她的视力太差了，不能看这么小的字。注意:too...to...结构中的形容词如果是eager,pleased,happy,ready等，动词不定式不表示结果，也没有否定的意思。Theboywastooeagertogetageographybook.那个男孩非常急切地想要得到一本地理书。Heistooanxioustoknowtheexaminationresults.他很急切地想知道考试结果。三.不定式的几种常见结构不定式的复合结构e.g.Thisboxistooheavyforthelittleboytocarry.疑问词+不定式结构e.g.Idon’tknowwhethertogotothemeetingornot.with/without+名词+不定式结构e.g.Withsomuchworktodo,I’mnotabletogotothecinema.用作独立成分的不定式e.g.Tobefrank,Idon’tagreewithwhatyousaid.可做插入语的还有：totellyouthetruth说老实话 tobefrank坦率地说tobeginwith首先 tobebrief简言之tomakealongstoryshort长话短说 tobeexact精确地说tosaynothingof姑且不说 toconclude总而言之tobesure诚然，固然 todohimjustice说句对他公道的话sotospeak可以这么说用主动形式表示被动含义e.g.Doyouhaveanythingtosayonthisquestion?Thebookisdifficulttounderstand.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.高中阶段常见带介词的to短语归纳：be/get/becomeusedto习惯于begivento沉溺于berelatedto与…有关系beaddictedto沉溺于；对…上瘾beopposedto反对devoteoneselfto献身于；专心于getdownto着手做leadto导致objectto反对；不喜欢；不赞成putone’smindto全神贯注于giveriseto引起lookforwardto盼望payattentionto注意stickto坚持makecontributionsto对…作贡献（2014湖南卷）ourselvesfromthephysicalandmentaltensions，weeachneeddeepthoughtandinnerquietness.A.

Havingfreed B.Freed C.Tofree

D.Freeing（2014江西）Heisthought___foolishly.Nowhehasnoonebuthimselftoblameforlosingthejob.A.toact B.

tohaveacted C.

acting

D.havingacted3.（2014陕西卷）20.________thedifficultmathsproblem,IhaveconsultedProfessorRussellseveraltimes.A.Workingout

B.Workedout C.Toworkout

D.Workout4.（2014四川卷）7.—Ihopetotakethecomputercourse.—Goodidea.____moreaboutit,visitthiswebsite.A.Tofindout

B.Findingout

C.Tobefindingout

D.Havingfoundout5.（2014天津卷）5.Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,only_________itdidn’tfitA.tofind

B.found C.finding

D.havingfound基础演练1.It’sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisone______asecurityofficer.

A.Employed B.beingemployed C.toemploy D.employs

2.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank______presentsformydad.A.

buy B.tobuy C.buying D.tohavebought3.Georgereturnedafterthewar,only_______thathiswifehadlefthim.

A.tobetold B.telling C.beingtold D.told

4.Groupactivitieswillbeorganizedafterclass_____

childrendevelopteamspirit.A.helping B.havinghelped C.helped D.tohelp5.Thechildrenallturned______thefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom.A.lookedat B.tolookat C.tolookingat D.lookat巩固提高1.Istoppedthecar________ashortbreakasIwasfeelingtired.A.take B.taking C.totake D.taken2.________warmatnight,Iwouldfillthewoodstove,thensetmyalarmclockformidnightsoIcouldrefillit.A.Staying B.Stayed C.Tostay D.Stay3.Volunteeringgivesyouachance________lives,includingyourown.A.Change B.Changing C.Changed D.tochange4.Theairport________nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.A.beingcompleted B.tobecompleted C.completed D.havingbeencompleted5.Theenginejustwon'tstart.Somethingseems________wrongwithit.A.togo B.tohavegone C.going D.havinggone6.Havingfinishedherproject,shewasinvitedbytheschooltothenewstudents.A.speaking B.havingspoken C.tospeak D.tohavespoken7.We'vehadagoodstart,butnext,moreworkneeds____toachievethefinalsuccess.A.beingdone B.do C.tobedone D.todo8.We’rehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecision______atthemeetingwillinfluencethefutureofourcompany.A.tobemade B.beingmade C.made D.havingbeenmade9.Thismachineisveryeasy.Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.A.operating B.tobeoperating C.operated D.tooperate10.Tomtookataxitotheairport,only_____hisplanehighupinthesky.A.Finding B.tofind C.beingfound D.tohavefound1.It’simportantforthefiguresregularly.A.tobeupdated B.tohavebeenupdated C.toupdate D.tohaveupdated2.Ifhetakesonthiswork,hewillhavenochoicebut______anevengreaterchallenge.A.meets B.meeting C.meet D.tomeet3.Theoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening,happy_____anythingthathappenedtobeon.A.towatch B.watching C.watched D.tohavewatched4.Birds’singingissometimesawarningtootherbirds________away.A.tostay B.staying C.stayed D.stay5.Georgereturnedafterthewar,only_______thathiswifehadlefthim.A.tobetold B.telling C.beingtold D.told6.Nomatterhowbrightatalkeryouare,therearetimeswhenit'sbettersilent.A.remain B.beremaining C.havingremained D.toremain7.IrememberedthedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butforgottoturnoffthelights.A.Locking B.tolock C.havinglocked D.tohavelocked8.Passengersarepermittedonlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.A.tocarry B.carrying C.tobecarried D.beingcarried9.HarrisonFordisthoughttobeoneofthefewmoviestarsasacarpenterbefore.A.towork B.tobeworking C.tohaveworked D.tohavebeenworking10.ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortable.A.held B.holding C.beheld D.tohold11.Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmakethechocolateeasierintosmallpieces.break B.breaking C.broken D.tobreak12.Iftheywinthefinaltonight,theteamaregoingtotouraroundthecitybytheirenthusiasticsupporters.A.beingcheered B.becheered C.tobecheered D.werecheered13.Simonmadeabigbambooboxthelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.keep B.kept C.keeping D.tokeep14.MoreTVprograms,accordingtogovernmentofficials,willbeproducedpeople’sconcernoverfoodsafety.toraise B.raising C.tohaveraised D.havingraised15.Theabilityanideaisasimportantastheideaitself.A.expressing B.expressed C.toexpress D.tobeexpressed__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一.单项选择1.________onaclearday,farfromthecitycrowds,themountainsgavehimasenseofpeace.A.Whilewalking B.Walking C.Hewaswalking D.Whenhewaswalking2.________withLeiFeng,westillhavealongwaytogo.A.Comparing B.Compared C.TocompareD.Beingcompared3.—CanIhavethedocumentrightnow?—Ofcourse.WaitaminuteandI'llhavemysecretary________itforyou.A.toprint B.printing C.printed D.print4.Ireallylikethissongasitisoftenheard________everywhereinChina.A.singing B.sung C.havingsung D.tosing5.Thedoor________tomorrowwillgetdrythedayaftertomorrow.A.Painted B.tobepainted C.beingpainted D.topaint6.________thatthegovernmentcanleadthemoutofthefinancialcrisis,peopleareoptimisticaboutthefutureofthecountry.A.Convincing B.Convinced C.Toconvince D.Havingconvinced7.Hecoulddonothingbut________whathehadsaid.A.totakeback B.tobetakenback C.takingback D.takeback8.IflewtoParisthismorning,myassistant________metherethisFriday.A.Joining B.tojoin C.willjoin D.wantstojoin9.________Australia'srelativelysmallpopulation,itsoutstandingperformanceintheOlympicGameswasreally________.A.Supposing;amazing B.Comparing;amazedC.Considering;amazing D.Given;amazed10.Icameintotheclassroom,________myseatandsatdowntoread.A.finding B.tofind C.found D.tobefound二.阅读理解Wehaveallexperienceddayswheneverythinggoeswrong.Adaymaybeginwellenough,butsuddenlyeverythingseemstogetoutofcontrol.Sometimesasingleunimportanteventmaycauseanumberofthingstohappen.Letussupposethatyouarepreparingamealandkeepinganeyeonthebabyatthesametime.Thetelephoneringsandthiscausesyourtroublestobegin.Whileyouareonthephone,thebabypullsthetableclothoffthetable,destroyingyourhalf-preparedmeal.Youhanguphurriedlyandattendtoyourbaby.Meanwhile,themealgetsburnt.Asifthisisnotenoughtobringyoutotears,yourhusbandarriveshome,unexpectedlybringingthreegueststodinner.Thingscanalsogowrongontheroad.Duringrushhouroneeveningtwocarscollidedandthedriversbegantoargue.Thewomandriverbehindthetwocarshappenedtobealearner.Shegotintoapanicandstoppedhercar.Thisforcedthedriverfollowinghertostopsuddenly.Thisdriver’swifewassittingbesidehimholdingalargecake,andasshewasthrownforward,thecakewentrightthroughthewindowandlandedontheroad.Atruckdriverseeingacakeflyingthroughtheairslammedonthebrakes.Thetruckwascarryingemptybeerbottlesandhundredsofthemslidoffthebackofthetruckontotheroad,causingaterribletrafficjam.Ittookthepoliceanhourtogetthetrafficonthemoveagain.Inthemeantime,thetruckdriverhadtosweepuphundredsofbrokenbottles.Onlytwodogswereenjoyingthemselves,fortheywerehappilyhavingwhatwasleftofthecake.1.Ifyouwanttoanswerthephonewithoutanytrouble,you'dbetter___________.A.pulloutthetelephonelinewhenyouarewithyourbabyB.putyourbabyonthebedandkeepaneyeonhim/herC.nothurrytoanswerthephoneD.makesureyourbabyisnotnearthetable2.Whoisresponsiblefortheaccidentsthathappenedontheroad?A.Thetwodriverswhowerearguing. B.Itwasn'tmentionedinthepassage.C.Thewomandriver. D.Thetruckdriver.3.Fromthisstorywelearnthat________.A.therearemanyroadaccidentseverydayB.theaccidentsmentionedinthepassageareverystrangeC.nooneknowswhythiskindofaccidenthappens