2024届上海市崇明区高三年级下册二模英语试卷（解析版）

2024届高三第二次学业质量调研

英语

（考试时间120分钟，满分140分）

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheend

ofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthe

questionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,read

thefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestion

youhaveheard.

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Inalibrary.B.Inalaundry.C.Inalift.D.Inabakery.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Presstwelve,please.Thankyou.

M:You'rewelcome.ThafswhereI'mgoing.

Q:Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Bossandemployee.B.Hotelreceptionistandguest.

C.Doctorandpatient.D.Travelagentandcustomer.

【答案】A

【解析】

［原文］W:Mr.Watson,Iwonderwhetherifspossibleformetotakeavacationearlynextmonth.

M:Didyoufilloutarequestform?

Q:Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Checkthecafeterialater.B.Gotoanotherplacetoeat.

C.Gotothecafeteriaofthebank.D.Cooksomethingforthemselves.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:Iwasgoingtogetsomethingtoeatinthecafeteria,butitseemstobeclosed.

W:Oh,thafsbecauseifsSunday.Whydon'tyoucomewithmetoaplaceoppositethebank?

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggesttheydo?

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Hedidn'tgototheclub.B.Heforgotmeetingthewoman.

C.Heslippedandgotinjured.D.Hecouldn,tkeephismindofftheclub.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Jack,didyouforgetthatweweresupposedtomeetintheclublastevening?

M:Oh,I'msosorry.Itcompletelyslippedmymind.

Q:Whatcanbelearnedaboutthemanlastevening?

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Extendherprojecttime.B.Finishtheprojectassoonaspossible.

C.Reconsiderherdecision.D.Interviewpeopleexceptthoseintown.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:ProfessorJohnson,I'mthinkingofinterviewingalltheresidentsintownformyproject.

M:Well,thafstoochallengingforsuchashort-termproject.Ybu'dbettergiveitasecondthought.

Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

6.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Lookforanotherstyle.B.Givethesweaterawayasagift.

C.Tryonasmallersweater.D.Changethesweaterforabiggerone.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:HowdoIlookinthisnewsweater?Iboughtitinahurryanddidn'teventryiton.

W:Well,Ireallylikethestyle,butitlooksalittletight.You'dbettergetthenextsizeup.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

7.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Hecancelledhisinterview.B.He'sdisappointedwithhisinterview.

C.Heshouldn'thaveappliedforthejob.D.Hedoesn'twanttodiscusstheinterviewnow.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Howdidyourjobinterviewgo?

M:Idon'tthinkIcameacrossaswellasIcouldhave.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

8.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Waystomakemoney.B.Bob'splantoopenacoffeeshop.

C.ThecowBobisraising.D.TheoperationofBob'scoffeeshop.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】W:Hey,Bob.Eversinceyouopenedyourcoffeeshop,youhavebeenverybusy.Isthebusinessgoingwell

andmakingmoney?

M:Yeah!Ican'tbelieveit.Infact,mycoffeeshophasbecomearealcashcowforme.

Q:Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?

9.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Whatthemanisreadingistoodifficult.B.ThemanmisjudgesMary'sexpression.

C.Mary'shabitcausedhertroubleinwork.D.Marydislikesreadingbooksafterwork.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:FromthelookonMary'sface,Ithinkshe'shavingtroublewithherboss.

W:Ithinkyouarereadingtoomuchintoit.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

10.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Sheplanstoreadmorethantherequiredbooks.

B.Thebooksareallrequiredforthehistorycourse.

C.Someofthebooksareforcoursesotherthanhistory.

D.She'sworriedshemaynotfinishtherequiredreading.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Woo!Areallthosebooksthererequiredforthehistoryclass?

W:No,alotoftheseareoptional.ButyouknowwhenIdosomething,Iusuallydoit200percent.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyou

willbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillberead

twice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefour

possibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhave

heard.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11.

A.Todistracttheemployer'sattention.B.Toexplainthefeaturesofthejobappliedfor.

C.Tohelpyoubecomethebestcandidate.D.Toenableyoutobenoticedamongapplicants.

12.

A.Itshouldbeatleastonepagelong.B.Itshouldbehandedinduringtheinterview.

C.Itshouldbecustomizedtosuitthejob.D.Itshouldemphasizethevalueofthecompany.

1a

A.Yourinterestandhobbies.B.Thedetailsofyourrelevantskills.

C.Allyourworkingexperiences.D.Apoliterequestforapropersalary.

【答案】n.D12.C13.B

【解析】

【原文】Areyoutiredofyourjobandinthemarketforanewone?Manypeoplearethesedays.Howcanyou

gettheattentionofemployers?Theanswerisasuperiorcoverletter.

Thecoverlettershouldbenomorethanonepageinlength.Anditshouldexplainwhyyouarethebestcandidate

forajob.Theletteristohelpyoustandoutfromtheotherapplicants.

Nomatterhowmanyyouwrite,everycoverlettershouldbedifferent.Eachoneshouldbetailoredtothejobyou

areapplyingfor.Sobeforeyoustartwriting,findoutsomeinformationaboutthejobandtheestablishment.Then

you'llknowwhatthecompanyvaluesandwhichskillsandexperiencesyourlettershouldfocuson.

Inyourfirstparagraph,quicklyintroduceyourselfandtalkaboutthepositionyouareapplyingfor.Youshould

showwhyyouareinterestedinthejobandthecompany.Followingtheopeningparagraph,youcandiscussthe

relevantexperiences.Youcangivein-depthdetailsaboutwhyyourskillsfitthecompany'sneeds.Inthelastlines,

youshouldrestatewhyyouareagreatfit.Thenfollowupwithapoliterequestforaninterview.Thisshowsyouare

excitedaboutthejob.

(Nowlistenagain,please.)

Questions:

11.Whatisthepurposeofacoverletter?

12.Whichistrueaboutacoverletter?

13.Whatshouldbeincludedinacoverletter?

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14.

A.Toprovideaplaceforstudentstorelaxwhilestudying.

B.Toprovideaplaceforstudentstoenjoythecitylandscape.

C.Toprovideaplaceforstudentstoinspiremoreconfidence.

D.Toprovideaplaceforstudentstorestandenhancecreativity.

15.

A.Tomakeitbothtraditionalandmodern.B.Toenlargeittoaccommodatemorestudents.

C.Toupgradeitwithmoretrendyfacilities.D.Tomakeitattractbothstudentsandteachers.

16.

A.Itcontributestopeaceinsociety.B.Ithelpspeoplehandlestress.

C.Ifscommoninworkplacesaswell.D.Itisgoodfortheenvironment.

【答案】14.D15.A16.B

【解析】

【原文】The""relaxingandinspirationarea”inailibraryatGuangdongUniversityofFinance&Economicshas

unexpectedlybecomeahitonline.

Accordingtothelibrarydirector,WangZhongzheng,the"'relaxingandinspirationarea“hasbeensetupfor

manyyearsandispopularamongstudents.Heexplainedthatthemainpurposeofsettingupthisspecialzoneisto

providestudentswithaplacetorelaxandinspirecreativityafterstudying.Studentscanjustthink,haveasnack,

andenjoythebeautifulcitylandscapeoutside.

Currently,thelibraryhassix"'relaxingandinspirationareas95nexttothestudyandreadingarea,makingthem

agoodcombination.

Theareaisequippedwithoutdoortables,chairs,plants,andotherfacilities.Thelibraryisalsoplanningto

upgradethezonebyintegratingelementsoftraditionandmodernitytobettermeettheneedsofyoungstudents.

Wangbelievesthatthepopularityofthe"'relaxingandinspirationarea“demonstratesapositiveandsimple

wayforyoungpeopletodealwithstress.Healsorecommendsthatmoreschoolsandworkplacessetupsuchan

areatomeettheneedsofpeoplewhoseekapeacefulandinspiringenvironment.

(Nowlistenagain,please.)

Questions:

14.Whafsthemainpurposeofthelibrarysettingupthe'"relaxingandinspirationarea”?

15.Whatisthelibraryplanningtodoaboutthe'"relaxingandinspirationarea”?

16.Whatdoesthelibrarydirectorthinkofthe"'relaxingandinspirationarea”?

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17.

A.Theconsequencesoflosingajob.B.Thesignificanceofhavinganinterest.

C.Therightattitudetounemployment.D.Thepossiblereasonsforgettingfired.

18.

A.Aresultofbeinglesscompetent.B.Avaluabletimetodevelopaninterest.

C.Ashockthatmightdepressaperson.D.Anopportunitytoreconsiderone'scareer.

19.

A.Toreflectonherlifeandshowthebenefitsofstartingacompany.

B.Tocomfortthemanandhelphimrespondactivelytothesituation.

C.Toteachthemantipsonhowtomakeopportunitiescomeone'sway.

D.Toillustratethatgardeningisapromisingfieldforthemantogetinto.

20.A.Hopeful.B.Excited.C.Depressed.D.Concerned.

【答案】17.C18.D19.B20.A

【解析】

【原文】W:Mickey!Goodtoseeyou!

M:Hi,Suzanne!

W:Hey,iseverythingokay?

M:IgotlaidofflastFriday.

W:Oh...Fmsosorrytohearthat.Losingajobissuchanastyexperience.

M:Yeah...itsurelyis.IguessIhavebeenabitdepressed.

W:IrememberwhenIgotfiredthreeyearsago,Ifeltawfulforweeks.Butgettingfiredturnedouttobethebestthing

thateverhappenedtome.

M:Whywasthat?

W:ItgavemeashockthatIreallyneeded.Iwasjustworkingdayinanddayout,neverreallythinkingaboutmylife

ormycareer.

M:Sogettingfiredhelpedyoureflectonthesethings?

W:Absolutely!IstartedaskingmyselfwhatIreallywantedtodo.

M:Thatmakessense.Sowhathappenedafteryougotfired?Didanewopportunitycomeyourway?

W:Notexactly.Ittookmeaboutayeartofigureoutthatopportunitieswouldn,tcomemyway...IlearntthatIhaveto

createmyownopportunities.

M:Sothafswhenyoustartedyourcompany.

W:Yeah!Ineverwould'vethoughtinamillionyearsthatmyinterestingardeningwouldturnintoacareer!

M:Thafscool...anditdoesoffermesomehope.

(Nowlistenagain,please.)

Questions:

17.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?

18.Whatdoesthewomanregardgettinglaidoffas?

19.Whydoesthewomanshareherexperience?

20.Howdoesthemanmostprobablyfeelaftertalkingwiththewoman?

II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheother

blanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

GrandChineseNewYearCelebrationHeldinLondon

Morethan700,000peopleinLondonjoinedinacelebrationonFebruary11organizedbytheLondon

ChinatownChineseAssociationtowelcometheYearoftheDragon.

Thecelebrationwasclaimedbytheorganizers21(be)thelargestChineseNewYeareventoutsideAsia.

Itstartedat10amwithadiverseparadefeaturingdragondancesanddisplaysoftraditionalChinesecostumes.The

paradestartedfromtheeastofTrafalgarSquareandconcludedonShaftesburyAvenueinChinatown.

Duringtheparade,significantattention22(capture)bythetraditionalChinesePuningYinggefolkdance,

anationalintangibleculturalheritage(非物质文化遗产)inChina.Thegroupof16dancers,originatingfromthe

ChaoshanregioninSouthChina'sGuangdongprovince,23theartformoriginated,offeredasensorycultural

在as"盛宴)tothepeopleoftheUnitedKingdom.

Atnoon,theeventreacheditsclimaxonthecenterstageinTrafalgarSquare,withnotablefiguresfromChina

andBritainparticipatingintheeye-dottingceremonyoftwolions,symbolically24(awaken)them.25

thelionswereawakened,theyperformedalivelyflyingdance.Performers26(hide)underthecostumes

jumpedupanddownon3-meter-highpoles,drawingenthusiasticapplausefromthecrowds.

ZhengZeguang,China'sambassador(大使)totheUK,27(address)theattendeesatTrafalgarSquare.

Heexpressedgratitudetotheorganizersandartistsformaking28possiblefortheeventtohappen,and

extendedwarmwishesofgoodfortuneandadvancefortheYearoftheDragon.

SadiqKhan,mayorofLondon,spokehighlyofthecontributionsofLondonersofChineseorigin.ccOneofthe

reasonswhyLondonisthegreatestcityintheworldis29LondonersofChineseoriginhavebeenmaking

contributionstothecity,“hesaid.Themayoralsowarned30tryingto"discourage“friendshipsbetween

ChinaandtheUK.

Inadditiontothelivelyparadeandstageperformances,therewereculturalworkshops,interactivegames,and

foodstandssetuparoundTrafalgarSquare.

【答案】21.tobe

22.wascaptured

23.where24.awakening

25.After##When##As##Once

26.hidden27.addressed

28.it29.that

30.against

【解析】

【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章介绍了伦敦举行的盛大的中国龙年新年的庆祝活动。

【21题详解】

考查动词不定式。句意：组织者声称这次庆祝活动是亚洲以外最大的中国新年活动。根据谓语动词“was

claimed”可知，空处应为非谓语动词；动词短语beclaimedtodo意为“据称……”，符合句意，故空处为

动词不定式。故填tobe。

【22题详解】

考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在游行中，中国传统的非物质文化遗产普宁英歌民族舞蹈吸引了

人们的极大关注。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词；根据下一句中的谓语动词“offered”和第一段的“on

February11"可知，本文描述的是在2月11日举行的庆祝活动，应用一般过去时；主语是“attention"，与

动词capture之间为被动关系，表示“注意力被吸引”，故应用被动语态，且谓语为单数形式。故填was

capturedo

【23题详解】

考查定语从句关系词。句意：这支由16名舞者组成的舞团，来自中国南部广东省潮汕地区，是这种艺术形

式的发源地，他们为英国人民提供了一场感官上的文化盛宴。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，

修饰先行词"theChaoshanregion",关系词在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。故填where。

【24题详解】

考查现在分词。句意：中午，活动在特拉法加广场中央舞台达到高潮，中英两国知名人士参加了两只狮子

的点睛仪式，象征性地唤醒了它们。根据句中谓语动词"reached"可知，空处应为非谓语动词，与"notable

figures”之间为主动关系，作伴随状语，故应用现在分词形式。故填awakening。

[25题详解】

考查连接词。句意：狮子被唤醒后/狮子被唤醒时/一旦狮子被唤醒了，他们表演了/就表演一个活泼的飞舞。

分析句子和句意可知，空处引导时间状语从句，可表示“狮子被唤醒后”或“狮子被唤醒时”或“一旦狮

子被唤醒了”，故可用连接词after/when/as/once；句首字母大写。故填After/When/As/Once。

【26题详解】

考查过去分词。句意：隐藏在服装下的表演者在3米高的杆子上跳来跳去，赢得了人群的热烈掌声。根据

句中谓语动词“jumped”可知，空处应为非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰“Perfbrmers"，并与其之间为被动关

系，表示“被隐藏的表演者”，故应用过去分词形式。故填hidden。

[27题详解】

考查动词时态。句意：中国驻英国大使郑泽光在特拉法加广场向与会者发表讲话。分析句子可知，空处应

为谓语动词；根据下一句中的“expressed”和句意可知，应用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作；address

可作动词，表示“向...讲话”，与主语“ZhengZeguang”之间为主动关系。故填addressed。

[28题详解】

考查代词。句意：他对活动的组织者和艺术家们为活动的顺利开展表示感谢，并对龙年的好运和进步表示

热烈的祝愿。分析句子可知，空处应为形式宾语，代替真正的宾语tohappen,故应用代词it。故填it。

[29题详解】

考查表语从句连接词。句意：伦敦之所以是世界上最伟大城市，其中一个原因是华裔伦敦人一直在为这

座城市做出贡献。分析句子可知，空处引导表语从句，在句中不作成分，也没有汉语意思，故应用连接词

thato故填thato

[30题详解】

考查介词。句意：市长还警告不要试图“打击”中英之间的友谊。动词短语warnagainst表示“警告反对、

告诫不要做某事”，后可接动名词作宾语，符合句子和句意。故填against。

SectionB

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcan

onlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.activateB.amountedC.comparedD.energeticE.guidelinesF.

identify

G.imageH.influencedI.respectsJ.reviewK.substantial

ExerciseCanHelpPreventDepression,StudyFinds

Howoftendoyouexercise?Anew31fromresearchersattheUniversityofCambridgeshowsthatthose

whoexercisearelesslikelytodevelopdepression,eveniftheyexerciselessthantherecommendedamount.

TheDepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesrecommendsthatadultsengagein2.5to5hoursofmoderate

activityperweekoronehourand15minutesto2.5hoursof32aerobic(有氧的)exerciseperweekorsome

combinationofthetwo.

Adultswhotookawalkforwhat33to2.5hoursperweekwerelesslikelytodevelopdepressionthan

thosewhodidn'texerciseatall,thestudyfound.Buteventhosewhoexercisedlessfeltbetterthanthosewhodidn't

exerciseatall,accordingtoresearchers.<6Inthisstudy,arelativelysmallamountofphysicalactivitywereassociated

witha(n)34decreaseinrisksofdepression,thestudysays.Theresearchersanalyzed15studieswithnearly

200,000participants.Thosewhodidabouthalftherecommendedamountofphysicalactivityperweekhadan18%

lowerriskofdepression35withadultswhodidnotexercise,thestudysays.Participantswhoexercisedthe

recommendedamounthada25%lowerriskofdepressionthanthosewhodidnot.Exercisingmorethanthe

recommendedamounthardly36depressionrisk,accordingtoresearchers.

Many37ofexercisecanleadtoimprovedmentalhealth.Forexample,workingoutcanincrease

circulation(血液循环)tothebrainand38thecentralnervoussystem,leadingtowhatmanyrefertoasa

“runnershigh,,,thestudysays.Moreexercisecanalsoleadtoimprovedphysicalhealthandabetterbody39,

whichcancauseapersontobemoresocial,researcherssay.

Nearly5%ofadultsintheU.S.reportregularfeelingsofdepression,accordingtotheCentersforDisease

ControlandPrevention.Amongthestudyparticipants,researchersestimatethat1inevery9casesofdepression

mighthavebeenpreventedhadeveryonemetrecommendedexercise40,thestudysays.

【答案】31.J32.D

33.B34.K

35.C36.H

37.138.A

39.G40.E

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究发现，运动有助于预防抑郁症。

【31题详解】

考查名词。句意：剑桥大学(UniversityofCambridge)研究人员的一项新综述显示，那些锻炼的人不太可能患

上抑郁症，即使他们的运动量低于推荐量。分析句子可知，空前为形容词new,此处应为名词形式,review"综

述”为名词，符合句意。故选J项。

【32题详解】

考查形容词。句意：美国卫生与公众服务部(DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices)建议成年人每周进行

2.5至5小时的适度运动，或每周进行1小时15分钟至2.5小时的高强度有氧运动，或两者兼而有之。分析

句子可知，空后aerobicexercise为名词短语，此处应为形容词作定语修饰该名词短语，energetic"高能的"

为形容词，符合句意。故选D项。

【33题详解】

考查固定短语。句意：研究发现，每周散步2.5小时的成年人患抑郁症的可能性低于那些根本不运动的人。

分析句子可知，此处为固定短语amountto"总结，共达”，满足句意要求，结合上下文时态可知，amount

为过去时形式。故选B项。

【34题详解】

考查形容词。句意：该研究称：“在这项研究中，相对少量的体育活动与抑郁症风险的大幅降低有关。”

分析句子可知，空后decrease为名词，此处应为形容词形式作定语修饰该名词，substantial”大量的，大幅

的”为形容词，符合句意。故选K项。

【35题详解】

考查固定短语。句意：研究称，那些每周进行建议运动量一半的人患抑郁症的风险比不锻炼的成年人低18%。

分析句子可知，此处为固定短语comparedwith"与...相比”，满足句意要求。故选C项。

[36题详解】

考查动词。句意：研究人员表示，超过推荐量的运动量几乎不会影响患抑郁症的风险。分析句子可知，此

处为动词作句子的谓语成分，influenced"影响”为动词，符合句意。故选H项。

[37题详解】

考查名词。句意：锻炼在很多方面都能改善心理健康。分析句子可知，空前为Many,此处应为复数名词形

式，respects"方面"为复数名词，符合句意。故选I项。

【38题详解】

考查动词。句意：例如，研究表明，锻炼可以增加大脑的血液循环，激活中枢神经系统，导致许多人所说

的“跑步者兴奋”。分析句子可知，空前为and连接的动词increase,此处也应为动词形式，构成并列谓语

成分，activate"激活"为动词，符合句意。故选A项。

【39题详解】

考查名词。句意：研究人员说，更多的锻炼还可以改善身体健康和更好的身体形象，这可以使一个人更善

于社交。分析句子可知，空前为better形容词，此处为名词形式，image“形象”为名词，和body构成名词

短语，bodyimage"身体形象"，符合句意。故选G项。

[40题详解】

考查名词。句意：研究称，在研究参与者中，研究人员估计，如果每个人都遵守推荐的锻炼指南，每9例

抑郁症中就有1例可能得到预防。分析句子可知，空前recommended形容词，此处应为名词形式，

guidelines"指南"为名词，和exercise构成名词短语，exerciseguidelines"锻炼指南",符合句意。故选E

项。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,

CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Maps,numberlines,shapes,artworkandothermaterialstendtocoverelementaryclassroomwalls.However,

toomuchofagoodthingmayendup41attentionandlearninginyoungchildren,accordingtoresearch

publishedinPsychologicalScience.

PsychologyresearchersAnnaV.Fisher,KarrieE.GodwinandHowardSeltmanofCarnegieMellonUniversity

lookedatwhetherclassroomdisplaysaffectedchildren'sabilitytomaintain42duringinstructionandtolearn

thelessoncontent.Theyfoundthatchildreninhighlydecoratedclassroomsweremoredistracted,spentmoretime

off-taskanddemonstratedsmallerlearning43thanwhenthedecorationswereremoved.

“Youngchildrenspendalotoftime-usuallythewholeday-inthesameclassroom,andwehaveshownthat

aclassroom's44environmentcanaffecthowmuchchildrenlearn,saidFisher,leadauthorandassociate

professorofpsychologyintheDietrichCollegeofHumanitiesandSocialSciences.

Shouldteachers45theirvisualdisplaysbasedonthefindingsofthisstudy?

“Wedonotsuggestbyanymeansthatthisistheanswertoall46problems.Furthermore,47

researchisneededtoknowwhateffecttheclassroomvisualenvironmenthasonchildren'sattentionandlearningin

realclassrooms,Fishersaid."48.1wouldsuggestthatinsteadofremovingalldecorations,teachersshould

considerwhethersomeoftheirvisualdisplaysdomakeitdifficultforyoungchildrento49

Forthestudy,24kindergartenstudentswereplacedin50classroomsforsixintroductoryscience

lessonsontopicstheywereunfamiliarwith.Threelessonsweretaughtinaheavilydecoratedclassroom,andthree

lessonsweregiveninasparse(稀疏的)classroom.Theresultsshowedthatwhilechildrenlearnedinboth

51types,theylearnedmorewhentheroomwasnotheavilydecorated.Specifically,children's

52onthetestquestionswashigherinthesparseclassroom(55%correct)thaninthedecoratedclassroom

(42%correct).

“Wewerealsointerestedinfindingoutifthevisualdisplayswereremoved,whetherthechildren'sattention

would53toanotherdistraction,suchastalkingtotheirpeers,orthetotalamountoftimetheywere

distractedwouldremainthesame,"saidGodwin,aPh.D.candidateinpsychologyandfellowoftheProgramin

InterdisciplinaryEducationResearch.

However,whentheresearcherstotaledallofthetimechildrenspentoff-taskinbothtypesofclassrooms,therate

ofoff-task54washigherinthedecoratedclassroom(38.6%timespentoff-task)thaninthesparse

classroom(28.4%timespentoff-task).

Theresearchershopethesefindingswillleadtofurtherstudiesintodevelopingguidelinestohelpteachers

designclassrooms—55.

41.

A.attractingB.distractingC.holdingD.paying

42.

A.confidenceB.relationshipC.consistencyD.focus

43.

A.gainsB.opportunitiesC.needsD.disabilities

44.

A.socialB.naturalC.physicalD.visual

45.

A.turnoverB.takedownC.tryoutD.lookinto

46.

A.athleticB.environmentalC.educationalD.communicative

47.

A.additionalB.priorC.nationalD.independent

48.

A.HoweverB.BesidesC.ThereforeD.Meanwhile

49.

A.stretchB.adaptC.concentrateD.explore

50.

A.decoratedB.emptyC.transitionalD.laboratory

51.

A.teachingB.classroomC.schoolD.personality

52.

A.accuracyB.emphasisC.impactD.perspective

53.

A.referB.listenC.respondD.shift

54.

A.questionsB.behaviorsC.incidentsD.tasks

55.

A.originallyB.innovativelyC.appropriatelyD.exclusively

【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.D45.B46.C47.A48.C49.C50.D51.

B52.A53.D54.B55.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了卡内基梅隆大学的心理学研究人员安娜•V•费舍尔、凯瑞•E•戈

德温和霍华德•塞尔特曼研究了课堂展示是否会影响儿童在教学过程中保持注意力和学习课程内容的能力。

他们发现，与没有装饰的教室相比，在装饰得很好的教室里，孩子们更容易分心，花更多的时间不在任务

上，学习成绩也更差。研究人员希望这些发现将导致进一步的研究，以制定指导方针，帮助教师设计教室。

[41题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，根据发表在《心理科学》上的一项研究，过犹不及可能会分散孩子的注

意力和学习能力。A.attracting吸引；B.distracting使分心；C.holding举办；D.paying支付。根据下文“They

foundthatchildreninhighlydecoratedclassroomsweremoredistracted"提到在高度装饰的教室里，孩子们更容

易分心，由此可知，此处应表示过犹不及可能会分散孩子的注意力和学习能力。故选B项。

【42题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡内基梅隆大学的心理学研究人员安娜•V•费舍尔、凯瑞•E•戈德温和霍华

德•塞尔特曼研究了课堂展示是否会影响儿童在教学过程中保持注意力和学习课程内容的能力。A.

confidence自信；B.relationship关系；C.consistency一致；D.focus专注。根据上文提到的过犹不及可能会

分散孩子的注意力和学习能力，结合下文“andtolearnthelessoncontent”可知，此处应表示心理学研究人

员究了课堂展示是否会影响儿童在教学过程中保持注意力和学习课程内容的能力。故选D项。

【43题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们发现，与没有装饰的教室相比，在装饰得很好的教室里，孩子们更容易分

心，更多时间没有花在学习上，学习成绩也更差。A.gains获得的东西；B.opportunities机会；C.needs需要；

D.disabilities残疾。根据上文“Theyfoundthatchildreninhighlydecoratedclassroomsweremoredistracted

提到在装饰得很好的教室里，