2023-2024学年广东省深圳市高一下学期开学摸底考试英语试题（含答案）

2023-2024学年广东省深圳市高一下学期开学摸底考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分15分）第一节（共4小题；每小题1分，满分4分）听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatwillthemandoonFridaymorning?A.Givealecture. B.Goonabusinesstrip. C.Attendaparents’meeting.2.Whatcausedthewomantocomehomelate?A.Attendinganinterview.B.Seeingadoctor.C.VisitingPeter.3.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Tothewoman’shouse. B.Totheman’scompany. C.Toarestaurant.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.William’stravelexperiences.B.Thewoman’sviewsontravelling.C.Theimportanceofmakingtravelplans.第二节（共11小题；每小题1分，满分11分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从所听到的内容中获取信息，回答相应小题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5、6题。5.WhendidJackbeginreading?A.At4:40. B.At5:00. C.At5:30. 6.WhatdoesthewomanwantJacktodo?A.Relaxhiseyes. B.Readmorebooks.C.Goshoppingwithher. 听第6段材料，回答第7至9题。7.Whatdisasterstrucktheforestnearthemountaintown?A.Anearthquake.B.Aflood. C.Awildfire.8.WhatdoesDavidthinkofthosemotorcyclists?A.Braveandresponsible.B.Strongandsuccessful.C.Smartandkindhearted.9.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Ateacher. B.Areporter. C.Afilm-maker. 听第7段材料，回答第10至12题。WhatwillthemandoinMiami?Giveaperformance.Attendamusicfestival.Meethiscousin.11.Whydoesthemanchoosetotakeatrain?A.Itisfast. B.Itischeap. C.Itisenjoyable. 12.WhatdoesDaisyoffertodofortheman?A.Bookahotelroom.B.Introduceafriendtohim.C.Findaplacetolivein.听第8段材料，回答第13至15题。13.WheredidJamesgetthenewsabouttheCityKitchenprogram?A.FromtheInternet. B.Fromafriend. C.Fromhisboss. 14.HowoftendoesJamesdovolunteerwork?A.Threetimesaweek.B.Fivetimesaweek.C.Seventimesaweek.15.WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenJamesandEmma?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Husbandandwife. C.Colleagues.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhiletheclassicsandwichwillalwayshaveitsplace,thereareplentyofexcitinglunchboxideasthatwillsatisfybothkidsandparentsalike.Whenkidsjoininplanningandpackingtheirlunches,they’remorelikelytoenjoyandfinishtheirmeals.So,whynotgivetheseideasatry?BentoBoxBlissBentoboxlunchesaregainingpopularity.Thesecontainersallowyoutomakeamealwithavarietyoffoods.Fillonesectionwithcolorfulfruitslices,anotherwithbite-sizedvegetables,andtheremainingoneswithproteins(蛋白质)likechickenandeggs.Finishwithasmalltreatlikeahandfulofberries.Thepossibilitiesareendless,andkidswilllovethesedifferentkindsoffood.DIYLunchablesHomemadeLunchablesoffersahealthierchoicethanstore-boughtfood.Packaselectionofwhole-grainbiscuits,slicesofcheese,andahandfulofcherrytomatoes.Kidscanmaketheirownsandwichesbyaddingtheirfavoritefoodtoroundoutthemeal.Itmakeslunchtimeanenjoyableexperience.Wrap(包)itUpTryusingwrapsinsteadofregularsandwiches.Itisadvisedtousetheflatbread(扁面包)insteadofbread.Itcanbefilledwithlotsofdifferentthings.Youcanmakeaturkeywrapwithcreamcheese,oravegetablewrapifyoupreferaplant-basedoption.Wrapsarenotonlyeasytogetreadybutalsoeasyforlittlehandstohold.MiniPancakeStacksWhosayspancakesarejustforbreakfast?Minipancakescanbeapleasantlunchboxsurprise.Makesmallpancakesandsandwichthemwithcocoabutterandslicedbananas.Addalittlehoneyformoresweetness.Withjustafewsteps,youcancompletethem.Thesecutestacksarenotonlytastybutalsofuntoeat.16.What’sanadvantageofBentoboxlunches?A.Offeringmanysandwichoptions.B.Usingsimplematerialsasfoodsources.C.Helpingstrictlycontrolhowmuchkidseat.D.Enablingkidstoenjoyawell-balancedmeal.17.WhatdoweknowabouthomemadeLunchables?A.Itcostsmuchtimeandeffort.B.Itallowskidstoshowcreativeideas.C.Itismuchtastierthantakeawayfood.D.Itmakeskidsincreasetheirfoodintakeeasily.18.Whatdothelasttwolunchboxchoiceshaveincommon?A.Bothareeasytoprepare.B.Botharepopularwithlittlekids.C.Bothsuitkidsenjoyingsweettreats.D.Bothfeaturefastfoodwithhighcalories.BZandraCunninghamisthefounderofaskincarebrand.ShehasbeenrecognizedbythemediaasoneoftheyoungestandmostsuccessfulbusinessownersinAmerica.Whenshewasakid,Zandraalwayslovedlipbalms(护唇膏)andboughtalotofthem.Butshefoundtheyeventuallyhurtherlipsinsteadofrelievingthedrynessbecauseofallthechemicalsinthem.Shethenstartedexperimentingwithdifferentingredients(成分)togetherwithhermom.Theytriedalotoftimesuntiltheyfoundthenaturalandhealthycombinationstheyliked.Slowly,Zandrabegansellingherproductsatlocalfarmers’marketsandtradeevents.Beforeher10thbirthday,shelaunchedherbrandandhopeditwouldempowerotheryounggirls.Soon,itbecameachallengeforZandratoseparateherpersonalinterestsfromwhathercustomersactuallywanted.“TherearealotofideasthatIfeelareexcellentbutwouldn’tfitintothemarket,”shesaid.Beingpartoftheyoungermarketherself,Zandrarecognizedtheissueandimprovedherproductsaftertrulylisteningtocustomers.“Therearesomanybrandsdoingsimilarthings,butthere’sstillsomuchroomtogrow.Yourcustomersareoutthere,andyoujusthavetoreachouttothem.That’swhatwillsetyouapart,”the23-year-oldshared.Whenaskedaboutherexperienceasapromisingyoungbusinesswoman,Zandrasaid,“Itwasn’tfrightening.Whenyou’reyoung,feardoesn’thaveastrongholdonyourmindset.‘Maybeit’snotgoingtowork’neverreallycrossedmymind.”Characterizedbyencouragingstatementsandfeaturingaplayfulcolorcombination,thepackaging(包装)isabigpartofwhyZandra’sbusinesshasbeensoimpressive.“Therearealotofproductsonthemarketthatseemnatural,buttheyactuallyaren’t,”shesaid.“Imakesuremypackagingcanhelppeopleunderstandwhateachtermmeans,andhowtoreadandcheckingredients.”19.WhatpushedZandratogetintotheskincarebusiness?A.Herdesiretocreateskin-friendlyproducts.B.Herinterestindoingchemicalexperiments.C.Herwishtosetanexampleforotheryounggirls.D.Hergoalofprovidinglocalpeoplewithcheapskinproducts.20.HowdidZandradealwiththetroubleinherbusiness?A.Shecooperatedwithpowerfulbrands.B.Shestoodbyherownbusinessdecisions.C.Shemadeanefforttomeetrealmarketneeds.D.Shetookinspirationfromsuccessfulbusinesswomen.21.WhatplaysaroleinherbusinesssuccessaccordingtoZandra?A.Herworkexperience.B.Herparents’support.C.Hercreativethinking.D.Heryouthfulpositivity.22.WhatdoesZandraexpecttoachievewithherpackaging?A.Tocatchcustomers’attention.B.Tocollectcustomers’opinionsonskincare.C.Toeducatecustomersaboutproductknowledge.D.Toencourageenvironmentalawarenessincustomers.CThewallsofancientEgyptiantombs(坟墓)canteachusmuchabouttheancientEgyptians’life.However,manypaintingsinthetombsweredamagedbyunlawfultombdiggers.NowanewstudyshowshowatechnologycalledportableX-rayfluorescence(pXRF)canbeusedtobetterstudythepaintings.Developedintheearly20thcenturybyphysicistHenryMoseley,XRFandpXRFcanbeusedtodecidematerials’elementalcomposition(元素组成).Ratherthanthehugeandimmovabletooloftenusedtostudyhistoricalobjectsinlabs,thetoolneededinthepXRFstudyweighsonlyafewkilogramsandcanbetakenintothefield.TheresearchteamheadedbyPhilippeMartinezfromSorbonneUniversityusedthenewtooltoperformchemicalimagingonpaintingsonsite,allowingforthestudyofpaintcomposition.AstheancientEgyptiansusedpaintsmadefromminerals(矿物),thepaintshavespecificchemicalmarkers.ByusingpXRF,scientistscanusethechemicalmarkerstocreateamapofdamagedareas.TheteamusedthepXRFtoolinthestudyofapaintingofRamessesIIfoundinthetombofNakhtamun,whichhastraditionallybeendatedatthe19thdynastyofancientEgypt.Andtheydiscoveredthenecklacewornbythekinginthepaintingmayhavebeenchanged.Thekingwasfirstpaintedtobewearingashebyunecklace,whichwastrendyduringthe20thdynasty,someyearsafterRamessesII’sdeath.Anditappearsthatthenecklacewaslaterchangedtoawesekhnecklace,whichusuallyappearsinpaintingsduringhistime.Thismeansthetombpaintersatfirstpaintedthis19th-dynastyrulerwearinga20th-dynastynecklace,realizedtheirmistakeandthencorrectedit.Thetechnologyenabledtheteamtolearnthatthetombowner,Nakhtamun,mayactuallyhavelivedinthe20thratherthanthe19thdynasty,andthatthepaintingisnotofalivingking,butratherofaformerruler.Accordingtotheresearchers,thepXRFtechnologyallowsin-depthstudieswhilehelpingpreventfurtherdamage.AnditpresentsimportantdetailsaboutthetechnologicalandartisticachievementsoftheancientEgyptians.23.WhatcanbelearnedaboutthepXRFtechnologyfromParagraph2?A.Itonlyworksinlaboratorysettings.B.Itrequiresalargeandfixedtooltooperate.C.Itwasdevelopedtopreventpaintingstealing.D.Itismoreconvenientthantheearliertechnology.24.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theprocessofrepairingthetombs.B.Theresearchers’workingmethods.C.Theintroductiontothetechnology’sinventor.D.Thevaluablematerialsofthepaintsusedinthepaintings.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trendy”inParagraph5mean?A.Confusing.B.Acceptable.C.Popular.D.Expensive.26.WhatdoestheresearchonthepaintingofRamessesIIshow?A.RamessesIIpaidgreatattentiontohisappearance.B.AncientEgyptianpainterswerecarelessaboutdetails.C.Thenewtoolwasimportanttothedatingofhistoricalobjects.D.TechnologydevelopedveryquicklyduringRamessesII’stime.DChancesarethatyoucannameafewanimalsthatarefacingextinction.Butwhataboutplants?Withsome40%ofplantspeciesunderthreatofextinction—andgivenhumankind’sdependenceontheplantworld—onemightthinktheyshouldbeprotectedassoonaspossible.However,somanypeoplesufferfromplantblindnesswhichreferstotheinabilitytoseeornoticetheplantsinone’sownenvironment,leadingtotheinabilitytorecognizetheimportanceofplants.NowapaperpublishedbyOxfordUniversityPressmighthavefoundasolutionforthat.That’swatchingnaturedocumentaries.HavingnoticedthatTVshowslikeSevenWorlds,OnePlanet,PlanetEarthII,andBluePlanetIIincreasedviewers’interestintheanimalsontheshows,theresearcherssetouttodiscoverifTVshowscoulddothesameforplants.Forthepaper,theyfocusedonTheGreenPlanet.Theshowwaswatchedbynearly5millionpeopleintheUnitedKingdom.Itfeaturesvariousplantspeciesanddoesn’tshyawayfromenvironmentalconcerns.Tofigureoutifthedocumentaryattractedviewersenoughtomakethemwanttolearnmore,theresearchersnotedwhichspeciesappearedontheshowandthenlookedatdataonGoogleTrendsandWikipediapagehitsforthosesamespeciesbeforeandaftertheepisodes(剧集)ofthedocumentaryaired.Actually,some28.1%ofsearchtermsrepresentingplantsmentionedinTheGreenPlanethadpeak(高峰时期的)popularityintheUK,measuredusingGoogleTrends,theweekafterthebroadcastoftherelevantepisode.Wikipediadatashowedthisaswell.Almostathird(31.3%)oftheWikipediapagesrelatedtoplantsmentionedinthedocumentaryshowedincreasedvisitstheweekafterthebroadcast.TheresearchersalsonotedthatpeopleweremorelikelytodoonlinesearchesforplantsthatenjoyedmorescreentimeonTheGreenPlanet.“Ourresultssuggestthattheviewersfoundcertainplantspeciesparticularlyattractive.Theseplantscouldbeusedforpromotingplantconservationefforts,”saidthepaper’sleadauthor,JoannaKacprzyk.27.Whatistheproblemmentionedatthebeginningofthetext?A.Theharmofintroducedplantspeciestonativeplants.B.LimitededucationaboutlocalwildlifeprotectionC.Thelackofpublicawarenessaboutplants.D.People’sincreasinglypooreyesight.28.Howdidtheresearchersstudyviewers’interestinTheGreenPlanet?A.Byshowingnewsaboutextinctplantspecies.B.BycomparingitspopularitywithotherTVshows’.C.Bymeasuringpeople’sonlinebehaviortowardsit.D.Byrecordingviewers’preferencesforsocialmediasites.29.WhateffectdidTheGreenPlanetcause?A.Bettersalesofnaturalproducts.B.Ariseinonlinesearchesforspecificplants.C.Growingpublicinterestinoutdooractivities.D.Moreeducationalwebsitesrelatedtowildlife.30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AneffectivesolutiontoanimalprotectionB.ThechangingviewsaboutnatureprogramsC.Plantblindness:awidespreadphenomenonD.Naturedocumentaries:ahiddenguardianofplants第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weliveinaworldwhereweareusuallyexposedto(接触)newsonsocialmediathatcanbescary,upsetting,orconfusing.31However,asMr.Rogers,thebelovedhostofachildren’sshow,oncesaid,“WhenIwasaboyandIwouldseescarythingsinthenews,mymotherwouldsaytome,‘Lookforthehelpers.Youwillalwaysfindpeoplewhoarehelpful.’”Oneoftheplaceswherewecanlookfor“thehelpers”isonsocialmediaplatforms.32Forexample,RyanKajiisa9-year-oldboywhorunsthechannelRyan’sWorld.Hemakesvideosaboutscienceexperimentsandgamesthatarefunandeducationalforkids.Healsodonatestocharitiesandcausesthathecaresabout.33Oneproblemisfindingreliable(可靠)andexactsourcesofinformation.Notallcontentonsocialmediaplatformsistrustworthy.Somecontentcreatorsmayjustwanttomakemoneyfromads.Therefore,itisimportanttojudgethereliabilityofthesourcesbeforewetrusttheircontent.Anotherchallengeiskeepingahealthybalancebetweenonlineandofflineactivities.Spendingtoomuchtimeonlinecandoharmtoourphysicalhealth,suchascausingheadachesorsleepproblems.Therefore,itisimportanttolimitourscreentimebydoingotheractivities.34Lookingforhelpersonsocialmediacanbeavaluablewaytofindhopeandcomfortindifficulty.35Thenwewillformourownopinions.Wecanalsobehelpersourselvesbysharinghelpfulcontentonsocialmediathatcanmakeadifferenceintheworld.A.We’dbetterfindsometopicstotalkaboutwiththehelper.B.Exercising,reading,andlearningartareallgoodchoices.C.Phonesandcomputershavemadeinformationeasiertogain.D.Theyofferalotofcontentthatcaneducateorsupportyoungviewers.E.Itenablesustoseethingsfromdifferentviewpointsandlearnnewthings.F.However,lookingforhelpersonsocialmediaalsocomeswithsomechallenges.G.Sometimes,itcanbehardtodealwiththenegativethoughtsthattheseeventscause.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。JuliafoundsomeofhergrandmotherGeorgie’solddesignsketches(草图)fromthe1940s.Georgietoldhergranddaughtershewasproudofthesketchesandwantedthemtobe36bymorepeople,for37wasabigpartofherlife.“BeingalonealldaywasdifficultforGrandma.Ithinkdoingsomethingwould38liftherspirits,”Juliasaid.Juliatooksomepicturesofthosesketchesandmadeapost.Itbecame39overnight.Alotofrepliesunderthepost40Juliatophysicallymakehergrandmother’sdesigns.Thoughhersewing(缝纫)skillswere41,Juliadecidedtofigureitout.Andshelearnedthebasicssoon.Withthehelpofhergrandmother,Juliaspentcountlesshours42thesketchesandturningthemintocompletedesigns.Despitethegreatinterestherfollowershadin43hergrandma’sdesigns,thedressesJuliarecreatedwerenotforsale.“Wehave44whenwedotheseprojectsandwedon’tliketotakethistooseriously.Maybeonedaythat’llbecomeacareer,butrightnowwe’rejustfocusingonour45.I’mgladtoputonthedressesand46themtoGrandma.I47thatIwillre-wearthedresses.SoItrytobeasenvironmentallyfriendlyaspossible,”Juliasaid.“Youcanhaveyourown48andit’snevertoolatetogoafterit.Youcanstillfollowsomething49inyourlifeatanyage.Maybeitwon’t50,butit’sworthtakingthatrisk,”Juliasaid.36.A.shownB.checkedC.discoveredD.appreciated37.A.fashionB.performanceC.travelD.play38.A.slightlyB.greatlyC.poorlyD.hardly39.A.popularB.helpfulC.differentD.convenient40.A.taughtB.forcedC.challengedD.encouraged41.A.necessaryB.specialC.limitedD.excellent42.A.copyingB.protectingC.judgingD.improving43.A.recordingB.buyingC.changingD.praising44.A.experienceB.freedomC.pleasureD.introduction45.A.serviceB.creationC.storyD.duty46.A.introduceB.handC.connectD.present47.A.promiseB.doubtC.admitD.warn48.A.educationB.surpriseC.interestD.memory49.A.naturalB.meaningfulC.peacefulD.practical50.A.workoutB.standoutC.passdownD.movearound第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Originallyunearthedinthelate1920s,theSanxingduiRuinshavebeenregardedasoneoftheworld’sgreatestarchaeological51_________(finding)ofthe20thcentury.InJulythisyear,a52________(new)completedexhibitionhallattheworld-famousSanxingduiMuseumopenedinGuanghan,SichuanProvince.53________(cover)anareaofnearly55,000squaremeters,theexhibitionhallisnowthelargestsingleexhibitionbuildingshowcasingtheculturalrelics54_______(dig)fromhistoricalsitesinsouthwestChina.Thenewhall55________(hold)morethan1,500culturalitems,with600ofthemonshowforthefirsttime.Oneiconic(标志性的)exhibitisthefour-meter-tallbronzesacredtree,56_______takesupthecentralpositioninthenewhall.Anditmakesamuch57________(strong)visualimpressionthanitdidintheoldhall.Thebronzealtar(青铜神坛)thatwasdiscoveredlastyearisalso58_______impressivepieceofartwork.Itismadeupofthreepartsandshowsancientsacrificial(献祭的)scenes.Dividedintothreethemedareas,theexhibitionhallmakesuseofarangeofnewtechnologies59__________(celebrate)theculturalfeaturesandsocialdevelopmentoftheShucivilization.ItalsoshowsChina’slatestachievements60________archaeologicalresearch.第四部分课本基础知识运用（共两节，满分30分）单词填空（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分)Inspiredbyhis___________(智慧)andvirtue,wearedeterminedtostudyharderandmakecontributionstoourcountry.Itisextremelynecessarytokeepa___________(均衡的)dietinordertokeepfit.Toprotectthe___________(濒临灭绝的)species,theChinesegovernmenthastakensomeeffectivemeasures.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldreplyatyourearliest___________（方便）.Thenextrentpaymentis_______(到期的)onJanuary31.Tooursurprise,sometreasures___________(属于)toChinashouldbeshowninBritishMuseum.The“Chinesedream”isadreamtoimprovepeople’swell-beingandadreamof__________(和谐),peaceanddevelopment.I’llmeetyouatthemain___________(门口)totheschool.Thisisanewinventionthatwillhaveawiderangeof_________(应用)inindustry.Althoughthecountryhashadpolitic