2024年中考英语语法二轮专题复习动名词现在分词过去分词

中考英语二轮语法专题复习动名词、现在分词、过去分词一、动名词（ving)（一）动名词作主语，表语。动名词作主语和作表语可以和动词不定式转换。如，1,作主语。LearningEnglishisveryimportant.=TolearnEnglishisveryimportant.注意，动词作主语常用动名词形式，看作第三人称单数形式。2,作表语。Tom'sjobissellingputers.=Tom'sjobistosellputers.（二），动名词（ving)作宾语1,常见加动名词作宾语的动词有，enjoydoing,finishdoing,keepdoing,practicedoing.口诀记忆如下：喜欢（enjoy）不断（keep）提建议（suggest），盼望（lookforwardto）习惯（get/beusedto)却完毕(finish)。想要（feellike）花费spend去练习(practice)，不禁（can'thelp）避免（avoid）还介意（mind）。如，Tomenjoysreading.汤姆喜欢读书。2,介词后面必须加ving作介词宾语.常见句型有，Thanksfordoing,how/whataboutdoing,begoodatdoing等。如，Thanksforhelpingme.谢谢你帮助我。Tomisgoodatplayingthepiano.汤姆擅长弹钢琴。Howaboutgoingtothemovies?去看电影怎么样啊？（三），有些动词加动词不定式和加动名词几乎没有区别。如，liketodosomething=likedoingsomething喜欢做某事。start/begintodosomething=start/begindoingsomething.开始做某事。Tomlikestoplaychess=Tomlikesplayingchess.汤姆喜欢下象棋。（四），有些动作加动词不定式和加动名词意义区别很大，比较典型的有，stoptodosomething停下来做某事。stopdoingsomething停止做某事，不再做某事。如，Tomwasverytired,sohestoppedtohavearest.汤姆很累，因此他停下来休息一下。Tomwasverytired,sohestoppedworking.汤姆很累，因此他停止工作了（也就是不再工作了。）常见的还有，remember/forgettodosomething记得/忘记要做还未做的事。remember/forgetdoingsomething记得/忘记已做过的事。如，Don'tforgettoturnoffthelights.不要忘记关灯。IrememberIsawyouwhenyouwerefiveyearsold.我记得在你五岁的时候见过你。（五），关于动名词的一些特殊句型1,havefundoing做某事很开心=haveagoodtimedoing如，Wehadfunplayinginthecountryside.我们在乡下玩得很开心。2,havetroubledoing=haveadifficulttimedoing=haveproblemsdoing做某事有困难。如，TomhadadifficulttimelearningEnglish.汤姆学习英语很困难。3,be+形容词+doing,常见的有，bebusydoing忙于做某事Tomisbusystudyingforthetest.汤姆正忙着学习准备考试。beworth/fortabledoing值得做某事。二、现在分词（ving）现在分词在句中常做定语和宾补，往往表示动作正在进行。（一）、现在分词做定语。现在分词在句中做后置定语。如，Doyouknowthegirlsdancingunderthebigtree?=Doyouknowthegirlswhoaredancingunderthebigtree?你认识那些在大树下跳舞的女孩吗？常见结构有：Therebesb/sthdoingsth.Therearesomeboysplayingontheplayground.有几个男孩正在操场打篮球。（二）现在分词做宾补。1.接在感官动词后做宾补。即，feel/see/watch/find/notice/hearsbdoing。注意：感官动词后加动词原形和现在分词作宾补的区别。动词原形表示动作的经常性和习惯性；现在分词表示动作正在进行。如，IoftenseeLilydaceinthepark.Look,youcanseeherdancingthere.2.keepsbdoing.三、过去分词。过去分词在句中常做定语和宾补，往往表示被动或已完成。（一）、过去分词做定语。1.Americaisadevelopedcountry.美国是一个发达国家。（表示动作已完成）2.过去分词作定语表示被动。Onceuponatime,therewasanoldmancalledYuGong.Weshouldnotbuythingsmadeofivories.(二）过去分词作宾补表示被动。常见结构：get/havesthdone;makesbdone如，Teenagersshouldn’tbeallowedtogettheirearspierced.Hespeakloudlysothathecanmakehimselfheard.即时练习一、单项选择heteachertoldthestudents____anyfoodintotheputerroom.A.nottobring B.notbringC.don’tbringD.bringnot2.—Wedon'thavemuchhomeworkthisweekend.Shallwegoouttogether?—OK.Whatabout____amovie?A.tosee Bseeing C.tosee D.sees3.Whynot____anEnglishclubtopractice____English?A.tojoin;tospeak B.join;speakingC.join;tospeak D.tojoin;speaking4James,I’mtootired.Let’sstop____arest.A.having B.have C.tohaving D.tohave5．Atleast300millionpeopleareusingQQ_________byMaHuatengtochatonline．A．create

B．creates

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D．created6A.howtogothere B.whotogowith C.wheretovisit D.whichtochoose7.—Howaboutgoingshoppingthisweekend,Peter? —Sorry.Iprefer______to______.A.tostayathome,goout B.togoout,stayathomeC.stayingathome,goout D.goingout,stayingathome8.WearealllookingforwardtomorethanHK$6,500fortheOxfam.A.raiseB.raisingC.beraised D.beingraised9.Jacktookaninterestin_____pingpongsoonafterhecametoChina. A.playingB.playsC.play D.played10．一Marydancesbestilloursch001．Iagree．I’llneverforget____herdanceforthefirsttime．A．seeingB．toseeC．seeD．seen11.—WealllikeMissWang.—Iagreewithyou.ShealwaysmakesherEnglishclasses______.A.interested B.interest C.interestingDtointerest12.Nick,wouldyoumind______thoseoldjeans?Theylookterrible.A.nottowear B.notwear C.wearingnot D.notwearing13.Thenewtreatments______byNormanBethunehelpedanumberofsoldiers.A.inventB.inventsC,inventingD.invented14.Ispentalotoftime______Englishlastweekend.A.topracticespeaking B.practicingtospeakC.practicingspeakingDpracticetospeak15.OneofthedifficultieswehaveEnglishishowtoremembernewwordsandexpressions.A.tolearn B.inlearningC.learnD.learned16.Ifpricesrisetoohigh,thegovernmenthastodosomething_________it.A.stop B.stopped C.stopping D.tostop17.Whattimedoyouexpecther________?A.arrive B.isarriving C.arriving D.toarrive18.Thismathproblemistoodifficult.Canyoushowme________,George?A.whattoworkoutB.toworkitoutC.howtoworkitoutD.howtoworkoutit19.Manystudentssaidthattheywerewillingtoworkhardtomaketheirdreams_______true.A.eB.cameC.esD.toe20.WouldyoumindmehowEnglishwords?A.tell;torememberB.telling;rememberC.telling;torememberD.telling;remembering二.用所给的单词的适当形式填空。Pleasetellthestudents________（notmake)toomuchnoiseinclass.2.Thethiefwasnoticed_____(enter)theofficebuildingbythebackdooronthescreen.3.Themountain______(cover)withsnowallyearround,soit’shardtoclimbit.4.9Mom!Wouldyoumindme_____(play)tabletennis?5WewenttothebeachlastSunday,andwehadgreatfun_____(play)volleyball.6.Parentsoftenaskus_____(save)waterinourlife.7.Theoldmenareplayingchess.Wouldyoumind________________(turn)down..8.Remember________(return)thebooktothelibrarywhenyoufinish_______(read)it.9.Sheusedto(read)inthemorning,butnowsheisusedto(read)atnight.10.WhenIwaswalkingpastthewindow,InoticedWangFei________(copy)myhomework.Ireally