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Unit3Traveljournal-词汇篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________通过本节课的学习掌握本单词的词语辨析;重点词汇与句型。一.
词语辨析
1.
finally/at
last/in
the
end
【解释】
finally
有两个意思,一是在按顺序列举事物或论点时引出最后一项内容,―最后,末了;二是表示―在经过很长时间之后才,终于。另外,finally
一般位于动词前。
at
last强调经过一番努力
in
the
end强调经过许多困难、变化之后,事情才发生
at
last和in
the
end
同finally
的第二个意思
2.
across/through/over
【解释】
across
表示从表面上横穿,横跨
through
表示穿过空间内部
over
表示―越过‖,指从较高物体的一侧到另一侧3.
persuade
/
advise
【解释】
persuade
指通过劝说、感情交流等而使对方做劝说者所希望的事。强调劝说已收到成效。
advise
并不涉及是否有成效
4.
beneath
/
under
/
below
【解释】
beneath
书面用词,指紧挨……之下
under
普通用词,指在某物的正下方
below
指位置低于某物或在某物下方,但不一定在正下方,
所指范围较宽
二.重点词汇名词(A名词(A)+to+名词(B)喜欢A多于B(比较时,to两边的成分要一致)doingtodoing喜欢做…而不喜欢做…todoratherthando宁愿干…而不愿意干…(than后要省去to)sb.todosth.宁愿让某人做某事thatsb.(should)do更宁愿某人干doing宁愿干某事1.prefer1).
I
prefer
dogs
to
cats.
猫狗之中我更喜欢狗。
2).
I
prefer
speaking
the
truth
to
lying.
我宁愿讲实话而不愿说谎。
3).
Would
you
prefer
that
we
put
off
our
wedding
till
next
mouth?
你是否更愿意把我们的婚礼推迟到下个月?2.
persuade
v.
说服;劝说
[典例]
1).
We
persuaded
him
to
take
the
job
/
into
taking
the
job.
我们说服了他接受这份工作。
2).
My
mother
finally
persuaded
me
not
to
go
to
the
party
/
out
of
going
to
the
party.
妈妈最终说服我不参加这次聚会。
3).
How
can
I
persuade
you
of
my
sincerity?
我如何能让你相信我是真诚的?
4).
I
am
almost
persuaded
that
he
is
honest.
我几乎相信了他是诚实的。
[重点用法]
persuade
sb.
to
do
sth.=
persuade
sb.
into
doing
sth.
说服某人做某事
persuade
sb.
not
to
do
sth.
=
persuade
sb.
out
of
sth./doing
sth.
劝阻某人做某事
persuade
sb.
of
sth.
使某人相信某事
persuade
that-clause
使某人相信...
3.
insist
v.
坚持
[典例]
You
can
come
back
later,
if
you
insist.
如果你一定要坚持,你就稍后再来吧。
[重点用法]
insist
on/upon
sth./(
sb’s)
doing
坚持某事/要求(某人)做某事
I
still
insist
on
my
viewpoint.
我仍然坚持我的观点。
He
insisted
on
paying
for
the
meal.
他坚持要付饭钱。
Mother
insisted
on
our
washing
the
clothes
by
ourselves.
妈妈坚决要求我们自己洗衣服。4.
determine
v.
决定;确定;下定决心
[典例]
1).
Attitude
determines
everything.
态度决定一切。
2).
We
determined
to
go
to
the
railway
station
at
once.
我们决定立刻去火车站。
3).
I
wonder
what
determined
her
to
marry
him
in
the
end.
我想知道是什么使她最终下决心嫁给他的。
4).
The
court
determined
that
the
man
was
guilty
of
robbery.
法庭裁定那个人犯了抢劫罪。
[重点用法]
determine
on/upon
(doing)
sth.
determine
+
n.
determine
to
do
sth.
determine
sb.
to
do
sth.
使某人下定决心做某事
determine
+
that-clause
be
determined
to
do
sth.
三.重点词组
1.
care
about
关心,在乎
[典例]
1).
The
only
thing
he
cares
about
is
money.
他唯一在乎的东西就是金钱。
2).
Family
members
should
always
care
about
each
other.
一家人应该互相关心。
[短语归纳]
care
for
喜欢(多用于否定、疑问句);照顾
I
don’t
care
for
coffee.
我不喜欢喝咖啡。
Could
you
help
care
for
my
child
when
I
am
out?
我外出时能帮忙照顾下我的孩子吗?
2.
give
in
屈服,让步,投降;上交
[典例]
1).
Seeing
that
he
could
not
persuade
me,
he
had
to
give
in
(to
my
view).
由于无法说服我,他不得不认输。
2).
It’s
time
to
give
in
your
examination
papers.
到了交试卷的时间了。
[短语归纳]
give
in
(to
sb./sth.)
向…让步
give
up
sth./doing
放弃(做)某事
give
away
赠送;泄露
give
back
归还;恢复
give
off
放出,散发(光、热、烟、气味等)
give
over
交付
give
out
vt.
分配;分发;发布
vi.(食物,燃料,电力等)用光;筋疲力尽3.
change
one’s
mind
改变主意
make
up
one’s
mind
(to
do)
下定决心(做某事)
[典例]
1).
Maybe
you’ll
change
your
mind
after
thinking
it
over.
也许你仔细考虑之后会改变主意。
2).
I
have
made
up
my
mind
to
leave,
and
nothing
you
say
will
change
it.
我已经下定决心,不管你说什么我都不会改主意了。[短语归纳]
与mind
有关的常用短语
have
a/no
mind
to
do
有/无意做
lose
one’s
mind
失去理智
read
one’s
mind
看出某人的心思
speak
one’s
mind
直言不讳be
of
the
same
mind
意见一致
be
in/of
two
minds
拿不定主意
give
one’s
mind
to
注意…
keep
one’s
mind
on
专心于…take
one’s
mind
off
sth.
转移某人的注意力
bear/keep
sth.
in
mind
记住某事bring/call
sth.
to
mind
回忆某事put
sb.
in
mind
of
sth.
使某人想起某事四.本单元重点句子1.
It
was
my
sister
who/that
first
had
the
idea
to
cycle
along
the
entire
Mekong
River.
首先想到沿湄公河骑车旅游的是我姐姐。
[解释]
强调句型
It
is/was
+
被强调部分
+
that/who
+
其余部分。被强调部分可以是原句的主语、宾语、状语、从句。
强调主语:
It
is
the
ability
to
do
the
job
that
matters,
not
where
you
come
from
or
what
you
are.
关键是你的工作能力而不是你从哪来或你是谁。
强调宾语:
It
was
Michael
that/who
I
gave
this
ticket
to.
我把这张票给了麦克。
强调时间状语:
It
was
about
600
years
ago
that
the
first
clock
with
a
face
and
an
hour
hand
was
made.
大约600年前,第一个有钟面和时针的钟诞生了。
强调地点状语:
It
was
in
Brooklyn
that
Beckham
first
met
Victoria,
so
they
named
their
first
son
Brooklyn.
布鲁克林是贝克汉姆和维多利亚第一次相遇的地方,所以他们给第一个儿子取名布鲁克林。
强调从句:
It
was
because
he
is
in
critical
condition
that
the
doctor
decided
to
operate
on
him.
医生之所以决定为他动手术,是因为他病情危险。2.
She
insisted
that
she
(should)
organize
the
trip
properly.
[解释]insist
+
that-clause
insist
意为―坚持要求(做某事)‖时,宾语从句用虚拟语气,谓语用should
do的形式,
should可省略;而insist
意为―坚持认为,坚持某种观点‖时,宾语从句的动词时态根据具体的语境变化,不用虚拟语气。
He
insisted
that
he
hadn’t
made
a
mistake.
他坚持认为自己没有犯错。
The
bodyguards
insisted
that
the
president
(should)
keep
away
from
the
crowd
for
the
sake
of
safety.
出于安全考虑,护卫人员坚决要求总统远离人群。
suggest
(建议),demand
(要求),require
(要求),request
(请求),order
(命令)等动词的宾语从句也常用
―(should)
do‖
表示虚拟语气。
例1.Shepreferred______(go)withusratherthan________(stay)behind.=Shepreferred________(go)withus________stayingbehind.例2.Iwouldpreferthatyou_________________(not;mention)myname.例3.Idon’t__________thatcolor.A.careforB.careaboutC.becarefulD.takecareof例4)Lilyspentyears___________hersickuncle.A.caringaboutB.caringforC.tocareforD.tocareabout例5).Themaninsisted________ataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.A.findB.tofindC.onfindingD.infinding例6).Seeingthathewassoseriouslyill,Iinsistedthathe_______tohospitalatonce.A.wassentB.besentC.willbesentD.hadbeensent例7.Theoldworkerinsistedthathe_______old,and_______backtotheworkingpostagain.A.wasn’t;besentB.wasn’t;wassentC.benot;sendD.isn’t;sent基础演练一.语境填词。1.Haveyoueverbeentothe________(庙宇)ofHeaveninBeijing?2.I’llbeasleepassoonasmyheadhitsthe________(枕头).3.Helookedinsidethe________(洞穴)andsawalion.4.Accordingtotheweather________(预报),it’sgoingtostayhotfortherestoftheweek.5.Itisnaturalforchildrentohavedifferent________(观点)fromtheirparents.6.________(火焰)pouredoutofthewindowsofthebuilding.7.Therestaurantisopenfrom5p.m.to________(午夜)everyday.8.Hewasstandingonthebridgelookingattheriver________(在下面).9.InAfrica,cellphonesareoftentheonly________(可信赖的)wayofcommunicating.10.Fromanimals,wegetsuchmaterialsas________(羊毛),silk,leatherandfurs.巩固提高1.(2014•山东省长山中学高一月考)—Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?—Yes,andpleasegetmesomemilk,too.Iprefercoffee________milk.A.to B.than C.with D.of2.(2014•浙江温州十校联合体高一期中)YoucangettoHongKongusingdifferentkindsof________,byair,bywater,orbyland.A.travel B.transport C.schedule D.journal3.(2014•东北四校联考高一期中)Marylefthim,________never________footinhishomeagain.A.determined;toset B.determined;placeC.determining;toset D.determining;place4.(2014•永州市期末)Itwasyesterday________hedecidedtomakeatriptoEurope.A.when B.that C.who D.where5.(2014•吉林省东北师大附中高一期中)Heinsistedthathe________nothingwrongandhe________punished.A.haddone;notbe B.hasdone;wasn'tbe C.do;notbe D.did;wasn't6.
The
man
insisted
_______
a
taxi
for
me
even
though
I
told
him
I
lived
nearby.
A.
find
B.
to
find
C.
on
finding
D.
in
finding
7.
I
insist
that
a
doctor
_______
immediately.
A.
has
been
sent
for
B.
sends
for
C.
will
be
sent
for
D.
be
sent
for
8.
Some
people
insisted
that
the
person
_____
a
thief
and
insisted
that
he
_____
to
the
police
station.
A.
was;
be
taken
B.
was,
would
be
taken
C.
should
be;
should
be
taken
D.
be;
be
taken
一.单项选择。1.Theweathermanhas________thatitisgoingtoraintomorrow.A.toldB.guessed C.said D.forecast2.—Mum,whereismycoat?—Oh,itmaybe________thequilt.A.beneath B.below C.under D.down3.—Who’sthatmanoverthere?—That’sMr.Black.Heusuallytakeshisdog________companywhenwalkinginthemorning.A.for B.on C.to D.with4.—Jack,yoursisterissolovely.Whatdoesshewanttodowhenshegrowsup?—Shedreams________adoctorlikemymother.A.becoming B.tobecome C.ofbecoming D.abouttobecome5.—It’stimeforustochangeourattitude________theboy.—Yes.Heisnolongeralazystudent.A.with B.for C.on D.to6.Althoughhewasn’tfeelingwellthatmorning,hewenttoworkafterbreakfast________.A.asusual B.atmidnight C.aswell D.atpresent7.We________eachothereversincewegraduatedfromhighschoolinthe1990s.A.didn’tsee B.wouldn’tsee C.haven’tseen D.hadn’tseen8.—Doyouoftencookathome,Lucy?—No.Itismyhusband________doesmostofthehousework.A.that B.whom C.what D.which9.Ratherthan________computergamesathome,Iprefer________somereadingintheschoollibrary.A.playing;todoB.play;todo C.playing;doing D.play;doing10.Doctors________theoldmannottosmokesomuch,buthejustcouldn’tgiveitup.A.persuaded B.promised C.accepted D.advised二.选词填空dreamof,erestedin,befondof,changeone’smind,givein,careabout,eversince,makeupone’smind1.Areyouwillingto________________?2.He________________drawingwhenhewasachild.3.IplannedaholidayinMaybutI________________andwentinJune.4.Idon’t________________moneyifyoucanhelpmakethemachine.5.Moststudents________________mathsbytheteacher.6.OnceI________________,nothingcanchangeit.7.Heis________________climbingthehighestmountainintheworld.8.Ihavenevermethim________________1990.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一.单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Youcandependonhim;heisa(n)______man.A.happy B.interesting C.exciting D.reliable2.Heissuretocome.I’ve______himtoattendourmeeting.A.advised B.triedtopersuade C.persuaded D.suggested3.Iam______tosetoutasearlyaspossiblesincetimeislimited.A.decided B.determined C.minded D.suggested4.Hawkingisfamiliar________Chinesecollegestudentsandforeignersarefamiliar________QianXuesen.A.to;to B.with;to C.with;with D.to;with5.Althoughthenaturalsituationwasquitebad,thesoldiersandvolunteersweredeterminednotto________rescuingthevictimsintheruins(废墟).A.givein B.giveup C.giveout D.giveaway6.Allthegoodsthatwere________byplaneweresharedamongthehomelessvillagersfarawayfromourcity.A.sent B.translated C.transported D.given7.Theoldman______thathe______fromthecountryside.A.insistedon;wasB.insisted;be C.insistedon;shouldbe D.insisted;was8.Itis______beautifulapicture______I’llhangitinmyroom.A.such;thatB.sucha;that C.so;asto D.so;that9.Heappearedonstagethreeyearsago.We________himintheentertainmentindustry(娱乐界)eversince.A.haven’theardB.didn’tseen C.don’tsee D.haven’tseen10.Thepoem“Children,quickly,holdmother’shands”issomovingthatweareall______ofitandmovedbyit.A.tired B.afraid C.fond D.confident二.阅读回答案问题。AIshookhandswithmyfatherinthetruckandforalongtimehelookedstraightaheadanddidn’tsayaword.ButIknewhewasgoingtosayalittletome.“I,can’ttellanything,”hefinallysaid.“Ineverwenttocollege,andnoneofyourbrotherswenttocollege.Ican’tsaydon’tdothisanddothat,becauseeverythingisdifferentandIdon’tknowwhatisgoingtocomeup.Ican’thelpmuchwithmoneyeither,butIthinkthingswillworkout.”Hegavemeanewcheck-book.“Ifthingsgetpushing,writeasmallcheck.Butwhenyouwriteone,sendmealetterandletmeknowhowmuch.Therearesomethingswecanalwayssell.”InfouryearsallthechecksIwrotewerelessthanathousanddollars.Mypart-timejobssuchasreadingtotheblindstudentandsittingwiththeteachers’kidsfilledinthefinancialgaps.“Youknowwhatyouwanttobe,andthey’lltellyouwhattotake,”myfatherwenton.“Whenyougetajob,besureit’shonest,andworkhard.”IknewthatsoonIwouldbealoneinthebigtown,andIwouldbemissingthecoolwindsandalifewhereyourthinkingwasdoneforyou.Thenmydadreacheddownbesidehisseatandbroughttheold,brokenBiblethathehadreadsooften,theoneheusedwhenhewantedtolooksomethingupinafriendlyquarrelwithoneoftheneighbours.Iknewhewouldmissit.Iknew,though,thatImusttakeit.Hedidn’tsayImustreadthiseverymorning.Hejustsaid,“Thiscanhelpyouifyouwillletit.”Didithelp?Igotthroughcollegewithoutbeingaburdenonthefamily.Ihavebeenabletomakemoneysince.()1.Whatisthewriter’smainpurpose(目的)inwritingthispassage?A.Totellthereadershislifestory.B.Totellpeoplewhatkindofpersonhisfatherwas.C.Toletpeopleknowhowpoorhewas.D.Totellthereaderswhatpresenthegotfromhisfather.()2.Whydidthefathernotaskhissonnottodothisanddothat?A.Becausehefeltquiteconfidentofhim.B.Becausehewasbornfromapoorfamily.C.Becausehewasamanoffewwords.D.Becausehedidn’twanttobemuchtoostrictwithhim.()3.Whatwouldyoulearnfromthispassage?A.Howtolivebyoneself.B.Howtostandonone’sownfeet.C.Whatagoodfathershoulddo.D.Whattheself-importantislike.()4.WhatmaybetheproperChinesefortheunderlinedpartinthepassage?A.闲暇时光 B.学费 C.经济不足 D.精神空虚BClaudeandLourisare“giraffes”.SoarepoliceofficersHankinsandPearson.Thesemenandwomendon’tlooklikegiraffes;theylooklikeyouandme.Then,whydopeoplecallthem“giraffes”?Agiraffe,theysay,isananimalthatsticksitsnecksout,canseeplacesfarawayandhasalargeheart.Itlivesaquietlifeandmovesaboutinaneasyandbeautifulway.Inthesameway,a“giraffe”canbeapersonwholikesto“stickhisorherneckout”forotherpeople,alwayswatchesforfuturehappenings,hasawarmheartforpeoplearound,andatthesametimelivesaquietandbeautifullifehimselforherself.“TheGiraffeProject”isa10-year-oldgroupwhichfindsandhonors“giraffes”intheUSandintheworld.Thegroupwantstoteachpeopletodosomethingtobuildabetterworld.Thegroupmembersbelievethatapersonshouldn’tdrawhisorherheadback;instead,theytellpeopleto“sticktheirnecksout”andhelpothers.ClaudeandLouris,HankinsandPearsonareonlyafewofthenearly1,000“giraffes”thatthegroupfoundandhonored.ClaudeandLourisweregettingoldandtheylefttheirworkwithsomemoneythattheysavedforfutureuse.Oneday,however,theysawahomelessmanlookingforaplacetokeepwarmandtheydecidedthattheyshould“sticktheirnecksout”andgivehimsomehelp.Today,theylivedinFriends’House,wheretheyinvitetwelvehomelesspeopletostayeverynight.PoliceofficersHankinsandPearsonworkinalargecity.Theyseecrimeseverydayandtheirworkissometimesdangerous.Theyworkhardfortheirmoney.However,thesetwomenputtheirsavingstogetherandevenborrowedmoneytostartaneducationalcentertoteachyoungpeopleinapoorpartofthecity.HankinsandPearsonarecertainly“giraffes”.()5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Someofthepeoplearounduslooklikegiraffes.B.Giraffesarethemostbeautifulanimalintheworld.C.“Giraffes”isabeautifulnameforthosewhoarereadytohelpotherpeople.D.A“giraffe”issomeonewhocanstickhisneckoutandseethefuture.()6.“TheGiraffeProject”isagroup________.A.ofpoliceo
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