人教版高中英语必修一第5讲：Unit3-Travel-journal-词汇篇(学生版)

Unit3Traveljournal-词汇篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________通过本节课的学习掌握本单词的词语辨析;重点词汇与句型。一．

词语辨析

1.

finally/at

last/in

the

end

【解释】

finally

有两个意思，一是在按顺序列举事物或论点时引出最后一项内容，―最后，末了；二是表示―在经过很长时间之后才，终于。另外，finally

一般位于动词前。

at

last强调经过一番努力

in

the

end强调经过许多困难、变化之后，事情才发生

at

last和in

the

end

同finally

的第二个意思

2.

across/through/over

【解释】

across

表示从表面上横穿，横跨

through

表示穿过空间内部

over

表示―越过‖，指从较高物体的一侧到另一侧3.

persuade

/

advise

【解释】

persuade

指通过劝说、感情交流等而使对方做劝说者所希望的事。强调劝说已收到成效。

advise

并不涉及是否有成效

4.

beneath

/

under

/

below

【解释】

beneath

书面用词，指紧挨……之下

under

普通用词，指在某物的正下方

below

指位置低于某物或在某物下方，但不一定在正下方，

所指范围较宽

二．重点词汇名词（A名词（A）+to+名词（B）喜欢A多于B(比较时，to两边的成分要一致)doingtodoing喜欢做…而不喜欢做…todoratherthando宁愿干…而不愿意干…(than后要省去to)sb.todosth.宁愿让某人做某事thatsb.(should)do更宁愿某人干doing宁愿干某事1.prefer1).

I

prefer

dogs

to

cats.

猫狗之中我更喜欢狗。

2).

I

prefer

speaking

the

truth

to

lying.

我宁愿讲实话而不愿说谎。

3).

Would

you

prefer

that

we

put

off

our

wedding

till

next

mouth?

你是否更愿意把我们的婚礼推迟到下个月？2.

persuade

v.

说服；劝说

[典例]

1).

We

persuaded

him

to

take

the

job

/

into

taking

the

job.

我们说服了他接受这份工作。

2).

My

mother

finally

persuaded

me

not

to

go

to

the

party

/

out

of

going

to

the

party.

妈妈最终说服我不参加这次聚会。

3).

How

can

I

persuade

you

of

my

sincerity？

我如何能让你相信我是真诚的？

4).

I

am

almost

persuaded

that

he

is

honest.

我几乎相信了他是诚实的。

[重点用法]

persuade

sb.

to

do

sth.=

persuade

sb.

into

doing

sth.

说服某人做某事

persuade

sb.

not

to

do

sth.

=

persuade

sb.

out

of

sth./doing

sth.

劝阻某人做某事

persuade

sb.

of

sth.

使某人相信某事

persuade

that-clause

使某人相信...

3.

insist

v.

坚持

[典例]

You

can

come

back

later,

if

you

insist.

如果你一定要坚持，你就稍后再来吧。

[重点用法]

insist

on/upon

sth./(

sb’s)

doing

坚持某事/要求（某人）做某事

I

still

insist

on

my

viewpoint.

我仍然坚持我的观点。

He

insisted

on

paying

for

the

meal.

他坚持要付饭钱。

Mother

insisted

on

our

washing

the

clothes

by

ourselves.

妈妈坚决要求我们自己洗衣服。4.

determine

v.

决定；确定；下定决心

[典例]

1).

Attitude

determines

everything.

态度决定一切。

2).

We

determined

to

go

to

the

railway

station

at

once.

我们决定立刻去火车站。

3).

I

wonder

what

determined

her

to

marry

him

in

the

end.

我想知道是什么使她最终下决心嫁给他的。

4).

The

court

determined

that

the

man

was

guilty

of

robbery.

法庭裁定那个人犯了抢劫罪。

[重点用法]

determine

on/upon

(doing)

sth.

determine

+

n.

determine

to

do

sth.

determine

sb.

to

do

sth.

使某人下定决心做某事

determine

+

that-clause

be

determined

to

do

sth.

三．重点词组

1.

care

about

关心，在乎

[典例]

1).

The

only

thing

he

cares

about

is

money.

他唯一在乎的东西就是金钱。

2).

Family

members

should

always

care

about

each

other.

一家人应该互相关心。

[短语归纳]

care

for

喜欢（多用于否定、疑问句）；照顾

I

don’t

care

for

coffee.

我不喜欢喝咖啡。

Could

you

help

care

for

my

child

when

I

am

out？

我外出时能帮忙照顾下我的孩子吗？

2.

give

in

屈服，让步，投降；上交

[典例]

1).

Seeing

that

he

could

not

persuade

me,

he

had

to

give

in

(to

my

view).

由于无法说服我，他不得不认输。

2).

It’s

time

to

give

in

your

examination

papers.

到了交试卷的时间了。

[短语归纳]

give

in

(to

sb./sth.)

向…让步

give

up

sth./doing

放弃（做）某事

give

away

赠送；泄露

give

back

归还；恢复

give

off

放出，散发(光、热、烟、气味等)

give

over

交付

give

out

vt.

分配；分发；发布

vi.（食物，燃料，电力等）用光；筋疲力尽3.

change

one’s

mind

改变主意

make

up

one’s

mind

(to

do)

下定决心（做某事）

[典例]

1).

Maybe

you’ll

change

your

mind

after

thinking

it

over.

也许你仔细考虑之后会改变主意。

2).

I

have

made

up

my

mind

to

leave,

and

nothing

you

say

will

change

it.

我已经下定决心，不管你说什么我都不会改主意了。[短语归纳]

与mind

有关的常用短语

have

a/no

mind

to

do

有/无意做

lose

one’s

mind

失去理智

read

one’s

mind

看出某人的心思

speak

one’s

mind

直言不讳be

of

the

same

mind

意见一致

be

in/of

two

minds

拿不定主意

give

one’s

mind

to

注意…

keep

one’s

mind

on

专心于…take

one’s

mind

off

sth.

转移某人的注意力

bear/keep

sth.

in

mind

记住某事bring/call

sth.

to

mind

回忆某事put

sb.

in

mind

of

sth.

使某人想起某事四．本单元重点句子1.

It

was

my

sister

who/that

first

had

the

idea

to

cycle

along

the

entire

Mekong

River.

首先想到沿湄公河骑车旅游的是我姐姐。

[解释]

强调句型

It

is/was

+

被强调部分

+

that/who

+

其余部分。被强调部分可以是原句的主语、宾语、状语、从句。

强调主语：

It

is

the

ability

to

do

the

job

that

matters,

not

where

you

come

from

or

what

you

are.

关键是你的工作能力而不是你从哪来或你是谁。

强调宾语：

It

was

Michael

that/who

I

gave

this

ticket

to.

我把这张票给了麦克。

强调时间状语：

It

was

about

600

years

ago

that

the

first

clock

with

a

face

and

an

hour

hand

was

made.

大约600年前，第一个有钟面和时针的钟诞生了。

强调地点状语：

It

was

in

Brooklyn

that

Beckham

first

met

Victoria,

so

they

named

their

first

son

Brooklyn.

布鲁克林是贝克汉姆和维多利亚第一次相遇的地方，所以他们给第一个儿子取名布鲁克林。

强调从句：

It

was

because

he

is

in

critical

condition

that

the

doctor

decided

to

operate

on

him.

医生之所以决定为他动手术，是因为他病情危险。2.

She

insisted

that

she

(should)

organize

the

trip

properly.

[解释]insist

+

that-clause

insist

意为―坚持要求（做某事）‖时，宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语用should

do的形式,

should可省略；而insist

意为―坚持认为，坚持某种观点‖时，宾语从句的动词时态根据具体的语境变化，不用虚拟语气。

He

insisted

that

he

hadn’t

made

a

mistake.

他坚持认为自己没有犯错。

The

bodyguards

insisted

that

the

president

(should)

keep

away

from

the

crowd

for

the

sake

of

safety.

出于安全考虑，护卫人员坚决要求总统远离人群。

suggest

(建议)，demand

(要求)，require

(要求)，request

(请求)，order

(命令)等动词的宾语从句也常用

―(should)

do‖

表示虚拟语气。

例1.Shepreferred______(go)withusratherthan________(stay)behind.=Shepreferred________(go)withus________stayingbehind.例2.Iwouldpreferthatyou_________________(not;mention)myname.例3.Idon’t__________thatcolor.A.careforB.careaboutC.becarefulD.takecareof例4)Lilyspentyears___________hersickuncle.A.caringaboutB.caringforC.tocareforD.tocareabout例5).Themaninsisted________ataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.A.findB.tofindC.onfindingD.infinding例6).Seeingthathewassoseriouslyill,Iinsistedthathe_______tohospitalatonce.A.wassentB.besentC.willbesentD.hadbeensent例7.Theoldworkerinsistedthathe_______old,and_______backtotheworkingpostagain.A.wasn’t;besentB.wasn’t;wassentC.benot;sendD.isn’t;sent基础演练一．语境填词。1.Haveyoueverbeentothe________(庙宇)ofHeaveninBeijing?2.I’llbeasleepassoonasmyheadhitsthe________(枕头).3.Helookedinsidethe________(洞穴)andsawalion.4.Accordingtotheweather________(预报),it’sgoingtostayhotfortherestoftheweek.5.Itisnaturalforchildrentohavedifferent________(观点)fromtheirparents.6.________(火焰)pouredoutofthewindowsofthebuilding.7.Therestaurantisopenfrom5p.m.to________(午夜)everyday.8.Hewasstandingonthebridgelookingattheriver________(在下面)．9.InAfrica，cellphonesareoftentheonly________(可信赖的)wayofcommunicating.10.Fromanimals，wegetsuchmaterialsas________(羊毛),silk,leatherandfurs.巩固提高1.(2014•山东省长山中学高一月考)—Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?—Yes,andpleasegetmesomemilk,too.Iprefercoffee________milk.A.to B.than C.with D.of2.(2014•浙江温州十校联合体高一期中)YoucangettoHongKongusingdifferentkindsof________,byair,bywater,orbyland.A.travel B.transport C.schedule D.journal3.(2014•东北四校联考高一期中)Marylefthim,________never________footinhishomeagain.A.determined;toset B.determined;placeC.determining；toset D.determining;place4.(2014•永州市期末)Itwasyesterday________hedecidedtomakeatriptoEurope.A.when B.that C.who D.where5.(2014•吉林省东北师大附中高一期中)Heinsistedthathe________nothingwrongandhe________punished.A.haddone;notbe B.hasdone;wasn'tbe C.do;notbe D.did;wasn't6.

The

man

insisted

_______

a

taxi

for

me

even

though

I

told

him

I

lived

nearby.

A.

find

B.

to

find

C.

on

finding

D.

in

finding

7.

I

insist

that

a

doctor

_______

immediately.

A.

has

been

sent

for

B.

sends

for

C.

will

be

sent

for

D.

be

sent

for

8.

Some

people

insisted

that

the

person

_____

a

thief

and

insisted

that

he

_____

to

the

police

station.

A.

was;

be

taken

B.

was,

would

be

taken

C.

should

be;

should

be

taken

D.

be;

be

taken

一．单项选择。1.Theweathermanhas________thatitisgoingtoraintomorrow.A.toldB.guessed C.said D.forecast2.—Mum,whereismycoat?—Oh,itmaybe________thequilt.A.beneath B.below C.under D.down3.—Who’sthatmanoverthere?—That’sMr.Black.Heusuallytakeshisdog________companywhenwalkinginthemorning.A.for B.on C.to D.with4.—Jack,yoursisterissolovely.Whatdoesshewanttodowhenshegrowsup?—Shedreams________adoctorlikemymother.A.becoming B.tobecome C.ofbecoming D.abouttobecome5.—It’stimeforustochangeourattitude________theboy.—Yes.Heisnolongeralazystudent.A.with B.for C.on D.to6.Althoughhewasn’tfeelingwellthatmorning，hewenttoworkafterbreakfast________.A.asusual B.atmidnight C.aswell D.atpresent7.We________eachothereversincewegraduatedfromhighschoolinthe1990s.A.didn’tsee B.wouldn’tsee C.haven’tseen D.hadn’tseen8.—Doyouoftencookathome,Lucy?—No.Itismyhusband________doesmostofthehousework.A.that B.whom C.what D.which9.Ratherthan________computergamesathome,Iprefer________somereadingintheschoollibrary.A.playing;todoB.play;todo C.playing;doing D.play;doing10.Doctors________theoldmannottosmokesomuch,buthejustcouldn’tgiveitup.A.persuaded B.promised C.accepted D.advised二．选词填空dreamof,erestedin,befondof,changeone’smind,givein,careabout,eversince,makeupone’smind1.Areyouwillingto________________?2.He________________drawingwhenhewasachild.3.IplannedaholidayinMaybutI________________andwentinJune.4.Idon’t________________moneyifyoucanhelpmakethemachine.5.Moststudents________________mathsbytheteacher.6.OnceI________________，nothingcanchangeit.7.Heis________________climbingthehighestmountainintheworld.8.Ihavenevermethim________________1990.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一．单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Youcandependonhim;heisa(n)______man.A.happy B.interesting C.exciting D.reliable2．Heissuretocome.I’ve______himtoattendourmeeting.A.advised B.triedtopersuade C.persuaded D.suggested3.Iam______tosetoutasearlyaspossiblesincetimeislimited.A.decided B.determined C.minded D.suggested4.Hawkingisfamiliar________Chinesecollegestudentsandforeignersarefamiliar________QianXuesen.A.to;to B.with;to C.with;with D.to;with5.Althoughthenaturalsituationwasquitebad,thesoldiersandvolunteersweredeterminednotto________rescuingthevictimsintheruins(废墟).A.givein B.giveup C.giveout D.giveaway6.Allthegoodsthatwere________byplaneweresharedamongthehomelessvillagersfarawayfromourcity.A.sent B.translated C.transported D.given7.Theoldman______thathe______fromthecountryside.A.insistedon;wasB.insisted;be C.insistedon;shouldbe D.insisted;was8.Itis______beautifulapicture______I’llhangitinmyroom.A.such;thatB.sucha;that C.so;asto D.so;that9.Heappearedonstagethreeyearsago.We________himintheentertainmentindustry(娱乐界)eversince.A.haven’theardB.didn’tseen C.don’tsee D.haven’tseen10.Thepoem“Children，quickly，holdmother’shands”issomovingthatweareall______ofitandmovedbyit.A.tired B.afraid C.fond D.confident二．阅读回答案问题。AIshookhandswithmyfatherinthetruckandforalongtimehelookedstraightaheadanddidn’tsayaword.ButIknewhewasgoingtosayalittletome.“I,can’ttellanything,”hefinallysaid.“Ineverwenttocollege,andnoneofyourbrotherswenttocollege.Ican’tsaydon’tdothisanddothat，becauseeverythingisdifferentandIdon’tknowwhatisgoingtocomeup.Ican’thelpmuchwithmoneyeither,butIthinkthingswillworkout.”Hegavemeanewcheck－book.“Ifthingsgetpushing，writeasmallcheck.Butwhenyouwriteone，sendmealetterandletmeknowhowmuch.Therearesomethingswecanalwayssell.”InfouryearsallthechecksIwrotewerelessthanathousanddollars.Mypart－timejobssuchasreadingtotheblindstudentandsittingwiththeteachers’kidsfilledinthefinancialgaps.“Youknowwhatyouwanttobe，andthey’lltellyouwhattotake,”myfatherwenton.“Whenyougetajob,besureit’shonest,andworkhard.”IknewthatsoonIwouldbealoneinthebigtown,andIwouldbemissingthecoolwindsandalifewhereyourthinkingwasdoneforyou.Thenmydadreacheddownbesidehisseatandbroughttheold,brokenBiblethathehadreadsooften,theoneheusedwhenhewantedtolooksomethingupinafriendlyquarrelwithoneoftheneighbours.Iknewhewouldmissit.Iknew,though,thatImusttakeit.Hedidn’tsayImustreadthiseverymorning.Hejustsaid,“Thiscanhelpyouifyouwillletit.”Didithelp?Igotthroughcollegewithoutbeingaburdenonthefamily.Ihavebeenabletomakemoneysince.()1.Whatisthewriter’smainpurpose(目的)inwritingthispassage?A.Totellthereadershislifestory.B.Totellpeoplewhatkindofpersonhisfatherwas.C.Toletpeopleknowhowpoorhewas.D.Totellthereaderswhatpresenthegotfromhisfather.()2.Whydidthefathernotaskhissonnottodothisanddothat?A.Becausehefeltquiteconfidentofhim.B.Becausehewasbornfromapoorfamily.C.Becausehewasamanoffewwords.D.Becausehedidn’twanttobemuchtoostrictwithhim.()3.Whatwouldyoulearnfromthispassage?A.Howtolivebyoneself.B.Howtostandonone’sownfeet.C.Whatagoodfathershoulddo.D.Whattheself－importantislike.()4.WhatmaybetheproperChinesefortheunderlinedpartinthepassage?A.闲暇时光 B.学费 C.经济不足 D.精神空虚BClaudeandLourisare“giraffes”.SoarepoliceofficersHankinsandPearson.Thesemenandwomendon’tlooklikegiraffes;theylooklikeyouandme.Then,whydopeoplecallthem“giraffes”?Agiraffe,theysay,isananimalthatsticksitsnecksout,canseeplacesfarawayandhasalargeheart.Itlivesaquietlifeandmovesaboutinaneasyandbeautifulway.Inthesameway,a“giraffe”canbeapersonwholikesto“stickhisorherneckout”forotherpeople,alwayswatchesforfuturehappenings,hasawarmheartforpeoplearound,andatthesametimelivesaquietandbeautifullifehimselforherself.“TheGiraffeProject”isa10－year－oldgroupwhichfindsandhonors“giraffes”intheUSandintheworld.Thegroupwantstoteachpeopletodosomethingtobuildabetterworld.Thegroupmembersbelievethatapersonshouldn’tdrawhisorherheadback；instead，theytellpeopleto“sticktheirnecksout”andhelpothers.ClaudeandLouris,HankinsandPearsonareonlyafewofthenearly1,000“giraffes”thatthegroupfoundandhonored.ClaudeandLourisweregettingoldandtheylefttheirworkwithsomemoneythattheysavedforfutureuse.Oneday,however,theysawahomelessmanlookingforaplacetokeepwarmandtheydecidedthattheyshould“sticktheirnecksout”andgivehimsomehelp.Today,theylivedinFriends’House，wheretheyinvitetwelvehomelesspeopletostayeverynight.PoliceofficersHankinsandPearsonworkinalargecity.Theyseecrimeseverydayandtheirworkissometimesdangerous.Theyworkhardfortheirmoney.However，thesetwomenputtheirsavingstogetherandevenborrowedmoneytostartaneducationalcentertoteachyoungpeopleinapoorpartofthecity.HankinsandPearsonarecertainly“giraffes”.()5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Someofthepeoplearounduslooklikegiraffes.B.Giraffesarethemostbeautifulanimalintheworld.C.“Giraffes”isabeautifulnameforthosewhoarereadytohelpotherpeople.D.A“giraffe”issomeonewhocanstickhisneckoutandseethefuture.()6.“TheGiraffeProject”isagroup________.A.ofpoliceo