外研版初二(下)英语第20讲：unit-10-语法篇(教师版)

Unit10语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.熟练掌握宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态1.宾语从句的时态与主句的时态如果主句用一般现在时，宾语从句要根据自身的时间状语或情况选择时态。如果主句用一般过去时，从句用相应的过去的某种时态。当主句是一般过去时，从句的动作发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的动作之前时，从句用过去完成时；当主句是一般过去时，从句的动作还没有发生或将要发生时，从句用过去将来时。Doyouknowhewillgiveusatalk?你知道他要什么时候给我们作报告吗？Idon'tknowwhosebookthisis.我不知道这是谁的书。Ididn'tknowwhocouldanswermyquestions.我不知道谁能回答我的问题。Hesaidthathehadjustboughtsomeapples.他说他刚买了一些苹果。Hesaidhewouldgothereagain.他说他还要去那儿。2.主句是一般过去时，宾语从句时态的几种特殊情况1)宾语从句表示的是客观事实、科学真理、格言，或其他不受时间限制、影响，客观存在的事物时，用一般现在时。Theteachertoldherstudentsthatpracticemakesperfect.老师告诉她的学生熟能生巧。2)宾语从句解释、表达科技内容，或表达一种反复出现或目前习惯性的动作时，用一般现在时。Mr.Greentoldusthattheattractionoftheearthforallthingsiscalledgravity.格林先生告诉我们地球对所有物体的吸引力称为地心引力。Hesaidhetakesawalkafterdinnereveryevening.他说每天晚上饭后他都散步。3)宾语从句的谓语动词所表示的动作在转述时仍在继续，表示此刻仍存在的状态时，用现在的某种状态。Shetoldmetheotherdaythatsheisonlyeight.几天前她告诉我她只有8岁。TomsaidthathisfatherisattendingameetinginLondon.汤姆说他父亲正在伦敦开会。4)从句中有具体的时间状语，动作发生在主句的谓语动词所表示的动作之前，仍用一般过去时，不改为过去完成时。Hesaidthathewasbornin1998.他说他出生于1998年。单项选择1.（2015天津中考）Doyouknow?Foramonth.A.howlongwillshebeaway B.howlongshewillbeawayC.howoftenwillshegothere D.howoftenshewillgothere2.（2015上海中考）Timtoldusthathiscompanyrobotstodosomeofthework.A.uses B.willuse C.hasused D.woulduse 3.（2015湖北武汉中考）Whatdidyourteachersaytoyoujustnow?Heaskedme.A.howcouldIworkitout B.whendidIgotothelibraryC.whyIamlateforschool D.ifIhadgotreadyfortheexam4.（2015北京中考）CanyoutellmetoLondon?Sure.Nextmonth.A.whenyouwilltravel B.whenwillyoutravelC.whenyoutravelled D.whendidyoutravel5.（2014四川巴中中考）Ourteachersaidtheearthroundthesun.A.traveled B.travels C.travel6.（2015江苏南京中考）You'dbettertravelaroundNanjingwithalocaltourguideyouwanttoknowmoreaboutitsculture.A.unless B.until C.although D.if7.Thefilmhasforfiveminutes.A.began B.begun C.beenon D.on解析及答案：1.句意：你知道她将离开多长时间吗？一个月。在宾语从句中，应该使用陈述句语序。故选B。2.本题考查动词时态，根据主句中的told可知，宾语从句要用相应的过去时态，故选D。3.本题考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，结合时态可知。故选D。4.问句为含有宾语从句的主从复合句，Canyoutellme后为宾语从句，宾语从句的语序为陈述语序，排除B、D；在根据答语nextmonth可知，宾语从句的时态应为一般将来时，故选A。5.由句意“我们老师说地球绕着太阳转。”可知本句为宾语从句的主从复合句。如果宾从表述的是客观事实，无论主句使用什么时态，宾语从句都使用一般现在时。故选B。6.unless意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句；until意为“直到...为止”，引导时间状语从句；although意为“虽然”，引导让步状语从句；if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。由句意“你最好与一位当地的导游一起游览南京”与“你想更多地了解它的文化”可知，后者应是前者的条件。所以用if引导条件状语从句。故选D。7.表示“（电影、电视等）开始一段时间”，应该用beon,而不能用begin，因为begin是瞬间动词。故选C。基础演练一、单项选择1.Jerrysaidthathe

already

readingthatbook.A.would;finishedB.will;finishC.had;finishedD.would;finish2.Soniasaidthatshe

toLily'spartyyesterday.A.wentB.isgoingC.wouldgoD.goes3.Mumsaidthatthelight

fasterthanthesound.A.goesB.isgoingC.wentD.wouldgo4.Lilysaidshe

anewpianothenextday.A.buysB.willbuyC.wouldbuyD.bought5.Jackaskedhow

.A.wewouldgotoBeijingB.wegotoBeijingC.didwegotoBeijingD.wouldwegotoBeijing6.Ihopeyoucangothereandseewhat

there.A.takeplaceB.tookplaceC.istakingplaceD.istakenplace7.Couldyoutellmeifit

tomorrow?A.rainsB.israiningC.willrainD.rain8.Thepolicemanaskedme

atthistimeyesterday.A.whatwasIdoingB.whatdidIdoC.whatIwasdoingD.whatIdid9.Listencarefully!Canyouhearwhattheprofessor

?A.talksaboutB.talkedaboutC.istalkingaboutD.willtalkabout10.Theoldmansaidthatlight

fasterthansound.A.wentB.willgoC.travelsD.willtravel答案：1-5CAACA 6-10CCCCC巩固提高二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子,词数不限)1约翰说他那天晚上要去看电影。Johnsaid

goingtowatchamoviethatevening.2.当我到达时,我发现很多人正躺在沙滩上。Ifoundthatmanypeople

onthebeachwhenIarrivedthere.3.老师告诉我们月亮围绕地球转。Theteachertoldusthatthemoon

theearth.4.请告诉我事故是什么时候发生的好吗？Couldyoutellme

?(happen)5.我不明白他们为何对这位美国歌星如此疯狂。Ican'tunderstand

socrazyaboutthisAmericansingingstar.6.你对她说的话满意吗?Areyousatisfiedwith

?7.打扰了,你能告诉我动物园在哪里吗?Excuseme,couldyoutellme

?答案：1.hewas2.werelying3.goesaround4.whentheaccidenthappened5.whytheyare6.whatshesaid7.wherethezoois一、单项选择1.Theydidn'tthinkthere

amonkeyintheroom.A.beB.wasC.hasD.had2.BrainaskedmewhenI

forBrazil.A.amleavingB.willleaveC.leftD.wasleaving3.Howcleanthebedroomis!Yes,Iamsurethatsomeone

it.A.cleansB.cleanedC.hascleanedD.hadcleaned4.Assoonashecomesback,I'lltellhimwhen

andseehim.A.youwillcomeB.willyoucomeC.youcomeD.doyoucome5.Itoldhimwe

ameetingthenextday.A.willhaveB.hadC.haveD.wouldhave6.ThemanaskedmeifI

himthewaytothebusstop.A.cantellB.couldtellC.willtellD.tell7.Idon'tthinkhe

herenextweek.A.comesB.cameC.willcomeD.coming8.Doyouknow

now?Outsidetheschoolgate.A.whereKateiswaitingforhermotherB.whereisKatewaitingforhermotherC.whereKatewaswaitingforhermotherD.wherewasKatewaitingforhermother9.Doyouknow

tomorrow?At8o'clock.A.whendidshecomeB.whenshecameC.whenwillshecomeD.whenshewillcome10.Couldyoutellme

?BysearchingtheInternet.A.howyougottheinformationB.whyyougottheinformationC.howdidyougettheinformationD.whydidyougettheinformation答案：1-5BDCAD 6-10BCADA二、完形填空Manyyearsago,whenIwasastudent,theradiostudiomanageratWXBNinterviewedmeanditchangedmylife."Howoldareyou?"helookeddownat1

."Fifteen,"Isaid."Andyouwantajobinradio?Shouldn'tyoube2

?"heasked.HowcouldIexplain?I'vealways3

theradio.WhenIwasfourorfiveyearsold,Iremembersittingclosetotheradiointhelivingroom,listeningtomyfavouriteprogrammes,andthevoicesofmyfavouritepresenters.Itseemedthattheywerespeakingtomeinperson.4

theageofnine,Iaskedforjobsinsmallradiostations.AsIgrewolder,my5

inradiogrew.OnedayIlearnedaboutInternetradio.Onceaweek,Iplayedmyfavoutitemusicfrommyfather'scomputertothelisteners,talkedaboutlifeatschool,andthencloseddownanddidmyhomework.Soonmyfriendsatjuniorhighschoolstartedtolisten,andthentheywantedto6

.Wepreparedtheweeklyprogrammes,articlesaboutmusic,sportsnews,jokesandtheweatherreport."OK,7

withme,"theWXBNmanagersaid.Ifollowedhimintothestudio.ThenIsatdowninfrontofamicrophone.Hewasinanotherroom,behindtheglasswall."OK,let'sdoasecondcheck.Justtellme8

youhadforbreakfast."Allradiopresentersbeginworkwiththesame9

."Ihadeggs,fruitandsomemilk.""OK,that'sgreat,"themanbehindtheglasssaid.Andthiswashowmyfirstreal10

inradiobegan.1.A.meB.herC.youD.him2.A.onthenewsB.onbusinessC.atschoolD.atwork3.A.repairedB.lovedC.soldD.cleaned4.A.AtB.InC.WithD.For5.A.troubleB.habitC.collectionD.interest6.A.fightB.refuseC.helpD.laugh7.A.speakB.singC.readD.come8.A.whatB.howC.thatD.why9.A.stationB.advertisementC.questionD.time10.A.gameB.jobC.jokeD.report答案：1-5ACBAD 6-10CDACB__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________阅读理解A（江苏盐城盐都区西片2015年第三次月考）Mr.HarrisusedtoworkinDover,butthenhechangedhiswork,andheandhiswifemovedtoanothertown.Theydidnothavemanyfriendsthere,buttheysoonmetalotofinterestingpeople.Afterafewweeks,theyoftenwenttodinnerortopartiesatotherpeople’shouses.ThenMrs.Harrissaidtoherhusband,“We’vebeentoalotofotherpeople’shouses,andnowwemustinvitethemtoourhouse,mustn’twe?”2-1-c-n-j-y“Yes,certainly,”answeredherhusband,“Abigpartywillbetheeasiestthing,won’tit?Thenwecanstarttoinvitepeopletodinnerinsmallnumbersnextmonth.”【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】SoMrs.Harrissaid,“Yes,I’llinviteallourfriendsheretoabigpartyon5thDecember.”“Howmanywillthatbe?”Mr.Harrisasked.“Don’tinvitetoomany.”Mrs.Harriswasbeginningtowritetheinvitationswhenherhusbandsawthatshewaswriting,“Party:6:30to8:30p.m.”“Thatisn’tverynice,isit?”hesaid.“You’retellingourgueststhattheymustgoat8:30.”SoMrs.Harrisjustwrote“Party:6:30p.m.”Alotofguestscame,andtheyallhadagoodtime,sotheydidnotgohomeat8:30.Infacttheywerestillthereatmid-nightwhenthedoorbellrangandapolicemanarrived.Hesaid,“Youmuststopmakinganoise,becausesomeonehascomplained(抱怨).”Mr.Harrissaidhedidnotwanttoquarrelwiththepoliceman,soeveryonewenthome.Theyweresorrytohavetogo.WhenMr.andMrs.Harriswerealoneagain,shesaidtohim.“Thatwasasurprise,wasn’tit?Whocomplainedaboutthenoise?”“Idid,”MrHarrisansweredinatiredvoice.1.WhydidMr.Harrisandhiswifemovetoanothertown?A.Theywantedtomakesomenewfriends.B.Mr.Harrischangedhiswork.C.Theywantedtomeetalotofinterestingpeople.D.Theyenjoyedgoingtopartiesandvisitingotherpeople’shouses.2.WhatmadeMr.andMrs.Harrisholdapartyattheirhouse?A.Itwaseasytoholdabigpartyathome.B.Theycouldaskpeopletodinnerinsmallnumbers.C.Theyhadgonetootherpeople’spartiesmanytimes.D.Theylikedmakingfriendswithothers.3.HowlongwouldMrs.Harrislikethepartytolast?A.Fromthemorningtillnight. B.Aboutfourteenhours.C.Abouttwohours. D.Tillmidnight4.Whendidthepartyendthatevening?A.Atabout8:30. B.WhenthepolicemantalkedwithMr.Harrisonthephone.C.Atabouttwelveo’clock. D.Whensomeonetelephonedthepolicestation.5.WhydidMr.Harristelephonethepolicemanaboutthenoise?A.Becausesomeoneranghisdoorbellmanytimesatmid-night.B.Hedidnotwanthisfriendstostaylatethatnight.2·1·c·n·j·yC.Hisfriendshadagoodtimethatnightandalsofelttired.D.Becausehehatedthenoise.BTonight'sRadioProgramListings20:00WorldNewsProgramThelatestnewsfromaroundtheworld.20:30TeenDreamsListento15teenagersfromdifferentplacesinAsiatalkingabouttheirdreamsforthefuture.Whatismoreimportantforthem—money,oreducation,orlove?21:10PlayforTodayToday'splayisaboutayoungChineseboyfacedwiththechoicebetweenfollowinghishearttobecomeapopstarorfollowinghisparents,whoarebothdoctors.21:40Problem—WhatProblem?PhoneintoaskforAuntVera'sadviceifyouhaveaproblemwithyourparents,friends,orlove.Shewilltellyouwhatshethinks.Butwillyoufollowheradvice?22:30EnglishClubTonight'sthemeisChinesehistory.ImproveyourEnglishbylisteningtotonight'sstoriesandpoems,allaboutChinesehistory.22:50SportsNewsSportsnewsbringsyounews,storiesandresultsfromallovertheworld.Welookatfootball,tennisandbasketball.Ourworldwidereporterscollectstories,scoresandinterviews.23:00TalkTalkYukoTuckertalkstotonight'smoviestarsfromallovertheworldabouttheirexperiencesofmakingtheirlatestfilms.6.Ifyouwanttolearnaboutthelatestworldnews,youshouldturnontheradioat

.A.20:00B.21:10C.21:40D.23:007.IftheyoungChineseboyintoday'splayfollowshisparents,hewillprobablybecomea

.A.doctorB.reporterC.popstarD.moviestar8.Jackhasaproblemwithhisfather.Youcanadvisehimtocall

foradvice.A.TeenDreamsB.PlayforTodayC.Problem—WhatProblem?D.TalkTalk9.What'sthetopicoftonight'sEnglishClub?A.Listeningskills.B.Chinesehistory.C.Chinesestoriesandpoems.D.HowtoimproveyourEnglish.10.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Youcanhearabouttabletennisgamesbetween22:50and23:00.B.AuntVerahadalotofproblemswithherparentswhenshewasyoung.C.Ifyouwanttohearaboutmoviestars,you'llhavetostayupabitlate.D.Youcanlearnhow15Asianteenagers'dreamscametrueatTeenDreams.CHundredsofyearsago,newswascarriedfromplacetoplacebypeopleonfootorbyhorse.Ittookdays,weeksandsometimesmonthsforpeopletoreceivenews.Nowitispossibletosendwordsandpicturesaroundtheworldinseconds(秒).Billionsofpeoplelearnaboutnewsstoriesoftheirowncountryandallovertheworldeveryday,eitherbywatchingTVorreadingnewspapers.Newspapershavebeenanimportantpartofeverydaylifesincethe18thcentury.Manycountrieshavehundredsofdifferentnewspapers.Howdonewspapereditors(编辑)decidewhichnewsstoriestoprint(印刷)?Whydotheyprintsomestoriesandnotothers?Whatmakesagoodnewspaperstory?Firstly,itisimportanttoreportnewstories.TVstationscanreportnewsmuchfasterthannewspapers.Yet,newspapersgivemoreaboutthesamestory.Theymayalsolookatthestoryinanotherway,ortheymayprintcompletely(完全地)differentstoriestothoseonTV.Secondly,anewsstoryhastobeinterestingandunusual.Peopledon'twanttoreadstoriesabouteverydaylife.Asaresult,manystoriesareaboutsomekindofdangerandseemtobe"bad"news.Forexample,newspapersneverprintstoriesaboutplaneslandingsafely,insteadtheyprintstoriesaboutplaneaccidents.Anotherfactor(因素)isalsoveryimportantinmanynewsstories.Manypeopleareinterestedinnewsinforeigncountries,butmoreprefertoreadstoriesaboutpeople,placesandevents(事件)intheirowncountry.SothestoriesonthefrontpageinChinesenewspapersareusuallyverydifferentfromtheonesinBritish,FrenchandAmericannewspapers.11.According(根据)thepassage,howdopeoplelearnaboutnewsstoriesintheworldnow?A.Theycarrynewsstoriesandtellothersfromplacetoplaceohfootorbyhorse.B.Theytelleachotherwhattheyhaveseenwiththeireyes.C.TheywatchTVorreadnewspapers.D.Theylistentotheradioeveryday.12.ThedifferencebetweennewspaperstoriesandTVnewsreportsisthat

.A.peoplecanlearnmoreaboutthesamenewsstoryfromanewspaperB.peoplecanreadthenewsstorymorequicklyinanewspaperC.peoplecanreadnewsstoriesinothercountriesD.peoplecanreadnews'storiesabouttheirowncountry13.Tomakeagoodnewspaperstory,howmanyfactorsdoesthepassagetalkabout?A.Two.B.Three.C.Five.D.Six.14.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcanyoumostpossiblywatchonTV?A.Youoftenplayfootballwithyourfriendsafterschool.B.Yourteacherhasgotacold.C.Atigerinthecityzoohasrunoutandhasn'tbeencaught.D.Thebikeinthefrontofyourhouseislost.15.WhichofthefollowingisNotTrueofthispassage?A.Newsstoriesonthefrontpageofeverycountryarealwaysthesame.B.Peopleliketoreadinterestingandunusualnews.C.NotonlyTVbutalsonewspaperscanhelppeopletolearnwhatishappeningaroundtheworld.D.Newspapershavebeenanimportantpartofeverydaylifeformorethanthreehundredyears.DWhichisbetter,RadioorTelevision?Aboutfiftyyearsago,whentelevisionfirstcameout,peoplethoughtthatradiowasnolongeruseful.Televisionhasbothsounds(声音)andpictures.Itismuchmorerealandinterestingtowatchtelevision