高考英语创新版学案选修八Unit1

选修八Unit1AlandofdiversityⅠ.情景默写1．Heslipped(滑倒)andfelldownthestairs.2．Thehealthservicemustbepletelyreformed(改革)．3．Shebraked(刹)hiscarsuddenlyinordertoavoidacat.4．Sheshockedeveryonebyshaving(剃)allherhairoff.5．Itoccurred(发生)tohimthathehadleftthebagonthetrain.6．TheEnglishtranslationisinserted(插入)betweenthelinesofthetext.7．Myfatherhired(雇佣)threementohelphimwiththeharvestlastsummer.8．Theboom(繁荣)wasfuelledbyaccelerateddemandforconsumerproducts.9．Thetaskwasbeyondtheintellectualgrasp(掌握)ofsomeofthestudents.10．Thetwolocalauthorities(当局)decidedtobuildasuspensionbridgeovertheriver.11．Hardlyhadweputdownourluggage/baggage(行李)andsatdownwhenthetrainstartedoff.12．Theteacher’ssystemofpunishment(s)(处罚)appealedtothechildren’ssenseofjustice(公正)．13．Shehadlookedeverywhereforherchildren，buttheywerenowhere(到处都没有)tobefound，whichmadeherveryworried.14．InsomeruralplacesofChina，somepeoplestillpreferkeeping_up(沿袭)theirtraditionallifestyle.15．After15yearsintheUSA，hehasfinallymadehisdecisiontoapply_for(申请)Americancitizenship.16．Whileyouarereadinganarticle，you’dbettermark_out(标出)thekeywordsandtopicsentences.17．Pity!Youdidn’tlistentomyadvice；otherwise，youwouldnothavebeentaken_in(欺骗)．18．Youcanteam_up_with(与……合作)oneotherclassmemberifyoucan’tfinishitontime.19．Itishonorabletomake_a_life(谋生)withyourhandswhiledependingonothersisashame.20．Thepolicelookedintothecasecarefullyandfoundthethiefhadenteredthehouseby_means_of(借助于)aladder.Ⅱ.词性转换1．Theareahasahighpercentage(percent)ofunemployedmen.2．Theybelievedthattheseproblemswoulddisappearundersocialism(social)．3．Hewontheelectionandwaselectedpresidentofthecountry.(elect)4．Apparently，shetooknonoticeoftheapparentmistakesintheaccident.(apparent)5．“Walkacrossthisstreetandturnleftatthefirstcrossing(cross)．”theboytoldthelady.6．HeindicatedthatanindicatorshouldgivemesomeindicationsofhowIdidinthetest.(indicate)7．Theresultsofthesurveyfellintodistinctgroups.Theoldwerescholarsofgreatdistinctionwhiletheyoungweretheopposite.(distinct)8．AlltheapplicantscanapplyinpersonorbyletterandatthesametimeshouldhandintheirapplicationsbeforeMay6th.(apply)9．OneofthemajorproblemsisthatamajorityofthegraduateswhomajorinEnglishfinditdifficulttofindagoodjob.(major)10．Ifacustomerwantstobringthegoodshebuysabroadbacktoinland，hehastopaysomecustomswhenhepassesthroughthecustoms．(custom)1．句型公式：itislikelythat...意为“很可能……”很可能有一些像地球一样的星球，在那里也可能存在生命。It_is_likely_that_there_are_some_planetsliketheearth，onwhichtheremightalsobelife.2．句型公式：Thatiswhy...意为“那就是为什么……”他迷恋电脑游戏，那就是他为什么不得不辍学的原因。Heisaddictedtoputergames，andthat’s_why_he_has_to_drop_out_of_school．3．句型公式：Itisbelievedthat...意为“人们认为/相信……”，其构成为：It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句人们认为澳大利亚的历史开始于18世纪末期。It_is_believed_that_Australian_history_beganattheendoftheeighteenthcentury.第一板块核心词汇1．meansn．手段；方法高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/完成句子①Onlybythismeansisitpossibletopersuadehimoutofsmoking.②Bynomeansis(be)punishmentawisechoicetohelpthemgrowupmentallyandphysically.③Everypossiblemeanshas_been_tried(try)sofar，butnoneworked.→Allpossiblemeanshave_been_tried(try)sofar，butnoneworked.④By_any_means，asstudents，weshouldmasteraforeignlanguageby_means_ofourdiligence.What’smore，by_no_meansshouldwewasteouryouth.无论如何，作为学生，我们应该借助我们的勤奋掌握一门外语。并且，我们决不应该浪费我们的青春。状元笔记全记牢bymeansof通过；用；借助于byanymeans无论如何，以一切可能的手段bythismeans这种方法bynomeans决不；一点也不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)byallmeans(用于交际英语表示同意)当然可以；没问题【点津】means用作“方式；方法”时单复数同形。2．occurvi.发生；出现高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/句型转换①Itneveroccurredtomethatyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtobuytheproducts.②Didn’titoccurtoyouto_phone(phone)themaboutit?③Alongwithyourwonderfulinnovation，youneedtohandinareport，explaininghowtheideaoccurstoyou.④Butitstruck/hitmethatoneshouldn’tloseheartwhenintrouble.→Butitoccurredtomethatoneshouldn’tloseheartwhenintrouble.状元笔记全记牢(1)sth.occurstosb.某人突然想起某事Itoccursto/strikes/hitssb.that...某人突然想起……Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人突然想起做某事(2)occurrencen．发生，出现【点津】occur结构中主语不能是人，而是想到的事情或it。3．majorityn．大多数；大半高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/完成句子①Amongthemembersofthemitteethosewhoareinfavouroftheplanareinthemajority(major)．②Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthemitteemembersare(be)againstit.③Whatsubjectdidyoumajorinwhenyouwereinuniversity?④Thewhiteare_in_the_majorityinAustraliawhilethenativepeople(are)inthe_minority．在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人反而占少数。状元笔记全记牢(1)a/themajorityof...大多数……beinthemajority占大部分/大多数(2)minorityn．少数intheminority占少数(3)majorn．&v．主修；专业majorin主修……；以……为专业【点津】the/amajorityof＋名词，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词保持一致。4．indicatevt.指出；标示；表明；暗示高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/完成句子①Asindicated(indicate)inthepicture，ifthemaniswillingtolookforotherpossibilities，hecanfindabetterwaytoachievehisgoal.②Hegaveusnoindication(indicate)astowhatwasthematter.③Thesefiguresindicate_to_methatthepanyisinserioustrouble.这些数字让我觉得公司处境很艰难。状元笔记全记牢(1)indicatesth.tosb.向某人指出、暗示某物indicate(tosb.)that...(向某人)示意；表明；暗示；说明(2)indicationn．指示，标志；暗示；迹象5．makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/完成句子①TheysettleddowninCanadaandmadealifeforthemselves.②Shehadtolookforpart－timejobstheseyearsto_make(make)aliving.③WhenAlicecame__(back)to_life，shedidnotknowhowlongshehadbeenlyingthere.当爱丽丝醒来时，她不知道她已经在那儿躺了多久。状元笔记全记牢(1)make/earna/one’sliving谋生(2)live/leada．..life过着……生活e(back)tolife苏醒；变得活跃；恢复生气bring...backtolife使……苏醒过来；给……活力6．takein包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留高考必刷题练透写出下列句子中takein的含义①Thepricetakesinthecostofalltheacmodationandfood.包括②Theoldladywashomeless，soItookherin.留宿；收留③Lackingsocialexperience，teenagerstendtobetakeninbyillpeople.欺骗④Ifounditeasytotakeinwhattheteachersaidinclass.理解⑤Itissaidthatblacktakesinmoreheatthanwhite.吸收状元笔记全记牢takeback收回；取回takeoff起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功takeon呈现；雇用takeover接收；接管；取代takeup占去；占据；开始；从事第二板块经典句式7．this/thatiswhy...高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/句型转换①Tomwasverylazy.Thatwaswhyheneverachievedanythinginhislife.②Tomcamelateforthemeeting.Thatwasbecausehewasill.③Thereasonthathewasillyesterdayissuchabadexcuse.④Thereasonwhyhehashadsuchasuccessisthathenevergivesup.→Henevergivesup;thisis(the_reason)whyhehashadsuchasuccess.→Hehashadsuchasuccess;thisisbecausehenevergivesup.状元笔记全记牢(1)this/thatiswhy...意为“这/那就是为什么……”(why从句表示结果)(2)this/thatisbecause...这/那是因为……(because从句表示原因)(3)thisisthereasonwhy...这就是……的原因thereasonwhy...isthat...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句；that引导表语从句。注意：that不可换成because)Ⅰ.课文语法填空CaliforniaisthethirdlargeststateintheUSA1.buthasthelargestpopulation.2.ItisthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA.Thisisnot3.surprising(surprise)whenyouknowthehistoryofCaliforniawhichhasattractedpeoplefromnearlyeverycountryintheworld.Noonereallyknowswhenthefirstsettlersarrivedin4.whatwenowknowasCalifornia.ScientistsbelievethattheNativeAmericansreachedAmerica5.bymeansofalandbridge.Inthe18thcenturyCaliforniawasruledbySpain.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia，themajoritywerereligiousmen.In1848，goldwasdiscoveredinCaliforniaand6.thedreamofbeingrichquicklyattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.Infact，7.fewachievedtheirdream，butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifefor8.themselves(they)．Inmorerecentdecades，Californiahasbeehometo9.more(many)peoplefromAsia.It10.is_believed(believe)thatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups.Ⅱ.课文概要写作细读本单元Reading部分，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的概要。【参考范文】CaliforniaisthemostmulticulturalstatewiththelargestpopulationinAmerica.(要点1)Itattractsimmigrantsallovertheworldatdifferentperiodsduetoitsclimateandthelifestyle，startingfromnativeAmericans15，000yearsago.(要点2)ItisbelievedthatinthefuturetherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroupsbutsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandculturesinCalifornia.(要点3)Ⅲ.课文话题写作一、用本单元所学知识补全短文MostofourclasshaddecidedtovisittheGreatWallby_means_of(通过)bicyclingonSunday.①IthitusthatthePalaceMuseumwasmoreappealing.Onthewayweteamed_up(合作)tocarryourluggageandattheentranceweaskedTomtobuytickets.Just_as_is_apparently_indicated(正如明确显示的一样)intheirbrochure，therearealotofvaluablecollections.②PeoplebelievethatnowhereintheworldcanimpressussodeeplyasthePalaceMuseum.Now，IunderstandwhysomanypeoplepayavisittothePalaceMuseumeveryyear.二、按要求升级短文1．用本单元的高级词汇升级短文中的加黑词汇(1)Mostofourclass→Themajorityofourclass(2)alotof→a_great/good_many2．用高级表达升级短文中的句子(1)用本单元所学句式改写句①It_occurred_to_us_thatthePalaceMuseumwasmoreappealing.(2)用it作形式主语改写句②It_is_believed_thatnowhereintheworldcanimpressussodeeplyasthePalaceMuseum.Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018·东阳中学模拟)munity(社区)serviceisimportantformanyreasons.Takingpartandvolunteeringteachessympathyandunderstanding.Oneofmyfavoritethingsaboutitisthatthereareopportunitiesandchoicesrightinyourveryneighborhood.WhenIwasyoungerIvolunteeredforanearbyanimalshelter.AtfirstIdidn’tknowmanypeoplethereandwasn’tveryenthusiastic.Later，asIgottoknowtheanimalsandstaffmembersIlearnedtoenjoymytimethere.ItwasaveryrewardingexperienceandIgottodomanythingsIwouldn’thavehadanopportunitytodootherwise.SometimeswhenIwasthereIwouldseeotherkidstakingpart.Mostofthemwerevolunteeringbecausetheyneededservicehoursforschool.Thesekidssometimesjustsataroundwaitingfortheirtimetopass.Buttherewerealsoothers，whohadapparentlyenjoyedtheirexperiences，andwantedtodomoreafterwards.Notonlyismunityservicefunandrewarding，italsolooksgreatonaresume(简历)orcollegeapplication.Sometimesmunityserviceisevenrequiredforhighschoolgraduation.Lastyearinmylifeskillsclasswewereaskedtowriteapaperaboutwhetherwethoughtrequiringstudentsatauniversitytoplete75hoursofmunityservicewasagoodidea.Iwrote，“Idon’tthinkthatistoomuchaslongasthestudentsaregivenenoughtimeandavarietyofchoices.”AsImovethroughlifeIwillalwaysbeinvolvedinmunityservice，notjustbecauseitisimportantbutalsobecauseitissomethingIenjoyandlookforwardto.Somaybeitistherighttimeyoushouldgoout，volunteeryourtimeandmakeadifference，evenifyourrewardisonlyanodorsmile.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者参加过许多社区志愿服务，从中获益良多，并鼓励人们也参与进来。1．Thewriterbegantoenjoyvolunteeringattheanimalshelterwhenhe____．A．realizedtheimportanceofmunityserviceB．witnessedsomestudentswastingtheirtimeC．gotinspiredbytheenthusiasticvolunteersD．adjustedhimselftothenewenvironment答案D[推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可推知，当作者适应了动物收容所的环境后，他开始爱上了在那里的志愿者工作。故选D。]2．Whatmightbethewriter’sattitudetothe75－hourmunityservicerequiredforauniversitystudent?A．Cautious. B．Approving.C．Unconcerned. D．Doubtful.答案B[观点态度题。根据第四段最后一句可推知，作者对大学生要完成75小时的社区服务工作持赞成态度。故选B。]3．Whatisthewriter’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Tointroduceagrowingtrendofvolunteering.B．Toreflectononeofhisvolunteerexperiences.C．Toadvocateparticipatinginmunityservice.D．Tomakeknownthebenefitsofmunityservice.答案C[写作意图题。根据最后一段最后一句和全文内容可知，作者认为做社区志愿服务工作是非常有益的，所以作者呼吁人们参与到社区服务中去。故选C。]BTheGoldenGateBridgeinSanFrancisco，Californiaisoneoftheworld’smostbeautifulbridges.Itisalsooneofthemostvisitedplacesintheworld.Morethan1，800hundredmillionvehicleshaveusedthebridgesinceitopenedmorethan70yearsago.Thebridgewaspainted“InternationalOrange”becausethatcolorwentwellwiththenaturalsurroundings.Thecoloralsoiseasiertoseeintheheavyfogthatoftencoversthearea.ButtheGoldenGateBridgewasnotnamedforitsorangecolor.Itwasnamedforthebodyofwaterthatitcrosses，theGoldenGateStrait，whichistheentrancetotheSanFranciscoBayfromthePacificOcean.Planningforthebridgebeganinthe1920swhentheareaaroundSanFranciscowasgrowing.Peoplelivingintheareaneededanotherwaytogettothecitybesidessmallferries.JosephStrausswasthechiefengineerfortheproject.Workbeganin1934.Mr.Straussdemandedthestrongestsafetyprotectionsinthehistoryofbridgebuilding.Theseincludedthefirstuseof“hardhats”toprotecttheworkers’headsandspecialglassestoprotecttheireyes.Aspecialsafetynetwassuspendedunderthebridge.Thisnetsavedthelivesof19menduringtheconstruction.TheGoldenGateBridgeopenedin1937.Itextends1，280metersacrossthewater.Thetotallengthis2，737meters.Itwasthelargestsuspensionbridge(吊桥)intheworlduntil1964.ThatiswhentheVerrazanoNarrowsBridgeopenedinNewYorkCity.Today，theGoldenGateBridgeistheninthlongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld.【语篇导读】本文主要介绍的是美国旧金山市的金门桥，它是世界最著名的桥梁之一。金门桥于1937年完工，在1964年以前是世界上最长的吊桥。4．WhatwastheGoldenGateBridgenamedafter?A．TheStraititcrosses.B．Thecolorofpaint.C．Thelocalclimate.D．Itsnaturalsurroundings.答案A[细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话可知，金门桥得名于它所跨越的金门海峡。]5．Whywasaspecialsafetynetsuspendedunderthebridge?A．Becauseitcanprotecttheenvironment.B．Becauseitcanpreventworkersfromfalling.C．Becauseitcanmakeconstructioneasier.D．Becauseitcansavebuildingmaterialsfromfalling.答案B[推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句话可知，建金门桥时，桥下悬挂着一张特制的安全网，目的是阻止建筑工人坠落。故选B。]6．WhatdoweknowaboutJosephStrauss?A．Hebuiltthefirstsuspensionbridgeintheworld.B．Hissafetymeasureswerenotofpracticalvalue.C．Heattachedimportancetotheworkers’safety.D．Hedemandedstrongmeasurestoensurethesafetyofthebridge.答案C[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Mr.Straussdemandedthestrongestsafetyprotectionsinthehistoryofbridgebuilding”可知，负责修金门桥的工程师JosephStrauss非常注重保护建筑工人的安全。故选C。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2018·富阳联考)AgenerousstrangerboughtaplaneticketforahomelessmothertowatchherthreedaughterspeteattheAAUJuniorOlympicGames._1_SistersTaiSheppard，11，RainnSheppard，10，andBrookeSheppard，8—whobegantrainingintrackandfieldinJanuaryof2015—allmadeitintotheJuniorOlympicstopeteinvariousraces.Brookealsopetedinthehighjump，aneventwhichinvolvesequipmentthathertrainingteamdoesn’tevenhave._2_Thegirls，wholiveinahomelessshelterwiththeirmother，ToniaHandy，46，wereabletoattendthegamesthankstosupportfromthegirls’trainingteamandasuccessfulGoFundMecampaign.Handy，however，couldnotaffordaplaneticketofherowntowatchthempeteinperson.ThatwasuntilKenSmaltzJr.，apletestranger，readaboutthefamily._3_“Itjustfeelsnicetohelpsomeone，”Smaltzsaid，whoalsodidn’tintendforthegesturetobemadepublic.OnAugust1，HandysurprisedRainnbyshowinguptothetrackrightbeforeshewasabouttorunthe3，000mrace.Rainnwasextremelyexcited.Themotheranddaughterhuggedsixtimesbeforetheytookeachother’shandsandwalkedtothetracktogether._4_Althoughthefamily’sathleticacplishmentsaregrand，theirneedsaresimple.“Doyouhavemoneytoeat？”Rainnwhisperedintohermom’searafterherrace._5_“Formetobeouthereisanimpressiveachievementonitsown.”A．Hegaveallthreegirlsbusinesscardsafterthemeet.B．HereachedouttoHandyandofferedtobuyheraticket.C．“SheknewIdidn’thavemoney，”Handylaterexplained.D．TheybelongtoJeunessTrackClubinBrooklyn，NewYork.E．ItisanannualeventwherekidsintheU．Speteinsports.F．Thatmeantallofherjumpswerepracticedduringpetitions.G．Shortlyaftertheirsweetreunion，Rainnwonthegoldmedalintherace.【语篇导读】本文是记叙文，一位陌生人为一位居无定所的母亲买了机票，使她能够观看女儿们的田径比赛。1．E[结合本空前的AAUJuniorOlympicGames及常识我们可以推测，这应该是“美国青少年参加的运动会”。]2．F[根据本空上一句内容可知，Brooke所在的训练队并没有供她练习的跳高设备，“这意味着她所有的跳高练习都是在比赛中完成的”。]3．B[根据上下文内容可知，一位陌生人为Handy买了机票，使她能够观看女儿们的田径比赛；再根据下段中的helpsomeone可知，是Smaltz“向Handy伸出援助之手，为她买了机票”。]4．G[根据上文内容可知，Rainn和母亲“甜蜜相聚”；根据下段