05- 备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（新高考Ⅰ卷专用）（解析版）

备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（新高考I卷专用）黄金卷05（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A．At7:30pm. B．At8:00pm. C．At8:30pm.【答案】C【原文】M:Susan,it’sme.We’llmeetatthenorthgateofthedepartmentstoreat7:30pm.right?W:Sorry.Frank.Ineedtoworkovertimeforabouthalfanhour.Canwemeetonehourlaterthanscheduled?M:Sure.2．Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A．Checkthedeskdrawer. B．Gototheconcert. C．Bookthetickets.【答案】B【原文】M:Wendy,didyouseewhereIputtheconcerttickets?Ican’tfindthem.W:Havealookinthedeskdrawer.M:Yeah.Ifoundthem!W:Great.We’dbettergetgoingorwearegoingtobelate.3．Whydoesthemanwanttochangehisplan?A．Forthebadweather. B．Forhiscold. C．Forhisstudies,【答案】A【原文】M:IthinkI’llgivethisafternoon’sfootballgameamiss.W:Why?Areyoubusywithyourstudies?M:No.Idon’twanttowatchagameincoldwinds.W:Ifyoudon’tgo,Iwon’tgoeither.4．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inashop. B．Onthestreet. C．Atapolicestation.【答案】C【原文】M:We’vegatheredalltheinformationwecan.Herearefivephotosofdifferentmen.Canyourecognizewhichonestoleyourbagintheshop?W:Thatone.IrememberhisfaceperfectlybecauseIsawhimonthestreet.M:Thankyou,madam.Hewillbecaughtimmediately.5．Whatarethecharactersonthelanterns?A．Riddles. B．Poems. C．Figures.【答案】B【原文】W:Wow,Jason,therearesomanylanternstoappreciate.Let’shavealook.M:Howbeautifultheyare!Didyounoticethecharactersonthelanterns?W:Sure.TheyareChinesepoemswhichdescribethishappyscene.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．WhatdoesJennysayaboutthebeginningofrunningherhotel?A．Itwaseasy. B．Itwasinteresting. C．Itwastough.7．HowlongdoesJennyworkduringthebusyseason?A．30hoursaweek. B．45hoursaweek. C．80hoursaweek.【答案】6．C7．B【原文】M:Howlonghaveyoubeenrunningyourhotel,Jenny?W:Istartedalmost10yearsago.M:Wasiteasytostartwith?W:Notatall.Iloveitnow,butitwasreallyhardatfirst.IalmostwishIhadkeptanormaljob.M:Why?W:Well,inthebeginning.Iwasworkingalmost80hoursaweek.M:Eightyhours!W:Youheardmeright.Now,Iworkabout45hoursaweekduringthebusyseason,and30hoursduringtheoff-season.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Inalibrary. B．Inaclassroom. C．Onataxi.9．HowdoesAshleyprobablyfeel?A．Amazed. B．Relieved. C．Worried.【答案】8．A9．C【原文】M:Hey,Ashley!What’swrong?W:Well,I’velostabookIwasreading.Idon’tknowwhattodonow.M:Haveyouattemptedtolookforitintheclassroom?W:Yeah,butIthinkIleftitonthetaxi.M:Maybeyoushouldcallthetaxidriver.W:Idid.Noonehasfoundit.Andit’stheoneyoulentme!I’msorry!M:Oh,no!Iborrowedthathere.Let’saskthelibrarianandseewhatwecando.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10．Howlongdoesthefestivallast?A．3days. B．6days. C．9days.11．Whatkindofmusicisperformedmostatthefestival?A．Pop. B．Rock. C．Countrymusic.12．WherewillthewomanstayduringhertimeinAustin?A．Athersister’shome. B．Atafriend’shome. C．Atahotel.【答案】10．B11．C12．B【原文】W:Tom,haveyoueverheardabouttheAustinCityLimitsMusicFestival?M:No.Whendoesitusuallytakeplace?W:Ittakesplaceontwoconsecutivethree-dayweekendsinearlyautumn.Itisnowamajoreventheldeachyearinthecity.M:Whatkindsofmusicareperformedduringthefestival?W:Variouskindsofmusic,suchascountrymusic,rock,folk,R&Bandhiphop.Butthefirstkindismorecommonlyperformedthantheothers.M:Whatelsecanpeopledotherebesideslisteningtomusic?W:TheycanalsobrowsetheArtMarketorgrababitetoeatatAustinEats,whichfeaturesfoodfromtopAustinrestaurants.Also,thefestivalisfamily-friendly,andthereisaspecialareaforchildrenknownasAustinKiddieLimits.M:Willyougotherethisyear?W:Yes.Iwillgotherewithmysister.MyfriendJenniferisworkingtherenow.ShesaysIcanstaywithherduringmytimethere.M:That’sgreat.Youdon’tevenneedahotelroom.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13．Whatarethespeakersdoing?A．Watchingaprogram. B．Planningatrip. C．Visitingamuseum.14．Wherearethespeakersprobably?A．InEngland. B．InAmerica. C．InIndia.15．Whatdidthespeakersfailtosee?A．Modernartwork.B．ArtworkfromancientGreece.C．ArtworkfromancientEgypt.16．Whendoesthemuseumclose?A．At3:00p.m. B．At4:00p.m. C．At5:00p.m.【答案】13．C14．A15．A16．C【原文】W:Theartworksinthismuseumareincredible.M:Iknow.Ican’tbelievethereissuchawidecollectionofpiecesfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.W:Yeah,we’veseensculpturesfromancientEgyptandGreece,aswellascarvingsfromNorthandSouthAmerica.M:Idon’tthinkwe’llbeabletoseealloftheexhibitsinasingleday.Doyouthinkweshouldcomebacktomorrow?W:I’mnotsure.TherearestilllotsofothergreatsitesinLondon.M:Oh,lookatthis.It’sabrochureforvirtualtoursofthemuseum.W:That’ssocool.Look!Wecantakeavirtualtourofthemodernartworkshowcasethatwemissedthismorning.M:Nice.Let’sdothatoncewe’rehomefromourtrip.W:OK,butwhatabouttherestoftheafternoon?It’s4:00p.m.now,sowe’vestillgotanhourtowanderaroundthemuseumuntilitcloses.M:Hey,let’scheckouttheexhibitonNorthernIndia.Thatlooksreallycool.W:Greatidea!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17．WhereistheBaselocated?A．No.1357PandaRoad.B．10kmawayfromthecitycenter.C．Lessthan30kmfromChengduShuangliuInternationalAirport.18．WhichactionisallowedwhenvisitingtheBase?A．Feedingtheanimalswithbamboo.B．Chattingloudlywithfriends.C．Takingpicturesforpandaswithoutflashes.19．WhatservicecanyougetforfreeattheBase?A．Refillingacupofhotcoffee.B．Gettingfoodfordinner.C．Usinganumbrellawhenitrains.20．Whoarethetargetlistenersofthisarticle?A．TouristsvisitingtheBase.B．Volunteerstakingcareofthewildanimals.C．ScientistsdoingresearchattheBase.【答案】17．B18．C19．C20．A【原文】

M:Dearguests,welcometoChengduResearchBaseofGiantPandaBreeding.LocatedatNo.1375PandaRoad,theBaseis10kmawayfromthecitycenterandover30kmfromChengduShuangliuInternationalAirport.Itservesasareserveforgiantpandas,redpandas,andotherendangeredwildanimalsuniquetoChina.Tomakeyouhaveabetterexperience,somerulesmustbefollowed.First,pleasekeepquiet.Giantpandasandotheranimalsarequietbynatureandwillbestressedbyloudandsuddennoise.Second,youmaytakepictures,butyouarenotallowedtouseaflash.Theeyesofanimals,especiallybabypandas,aresensitivetoflashes.Mostimportantofall,donotfeedanimals!Yourfoodisnotsuitableforthemandwillmakethemsick.AttheBase,thereisatouristservicecenterprovidingChineseandforeigntouristswithfreeservices,includingamicrowaveoven,hotwater,babycarriages,armchairs,walkingsticks,umbrellasandsewingkits.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasecall83510033.Wishyouahappyjourney.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2023·浙江金华·校联考一模）TheromanticRhine,whichflowsmorethan700milesfromSwitzerlandtotheNorthSea,isoneofthemostpopularcruising(巡游)riversinEurope,withmanyoptionsavailable.TakealookatthingstodoinRhineRiver!AmsterdamManyRhineRiverCruisesbeginorendinAmsterdam.Thiscityispopularamongmultipleagegroupsandtypesoftravelersforitsrelaxingatmosphere.Grababicycleandenjoyanafternoonofcafes,art,andhistoricalsites.TheAnneFrankHouseisapopularattractioninAmsterdam.Besuretocheckifyourrivercruisecanhelpwithadvanceticketsasthelinesareconsistentlylong,though.NeuschwansteinCastleThisfairytalecastleisintheheartofBavaria,Germany.SituatedintheBlackForest,andconjuringup(唤起)visionsofprincesandprincesses,itisanextremelypopulartouristattraction.ItwasinfactoneoftheinspirationsforWaltDisney’sSleepingBeautyCastle.IfyourRhineRivercruiseincludesastopinMunich,there’sagoodchancethatvisitstoNeuschwansteinwillbeavailable.StrasbourgIfyou’relookingforaclassicEuropeancountrytown,thisisthestopforyouStrasbourghasatypicalFrenchfeel,withcobblestonedstreets,smallshops,andofcourseacathedral.BesuretovisitpicturesquePetiteFrance,thehistoricquarteroftown,andRohanPalacetowalkinthefootstepsofMarieAntoinette,thelastqueenofFrancebeforetheFrenchRevolution.StrasbourgisalsoadelightfulplaceforvisitforChristmasmarkets.BaselSharingthreeinternationalborders:Switzerland,Germany,andFrance,Baselpresentsafascinatingcombinationofcultures,cuisines,andlanguages.YoucanenjoyseveralwonderfulhistoricsightsinBasel,withinashortdistancefromeachother,anddon’tmissawalkthroughtheBotanicalGardens.21．WhatdoAmsterdamandStrasbourghaveincommon?A．Theyhavehistoricalsites.B．TheyhavearelaxingFrenchstyle.C．Theyarehometobigshoppingmalls.D．Theyarefamousforthepicturesquescenery.22．WhatmightbethereasonforNeuschwansteinCastle’spopularity?A．Itsmysteriousstory. B．Itsfavourablelocation.C．Itsfairytaleromance. D．Itsinspirationforfilms.23．Whichstopwouldyourecommendmosttothosewhowanttoexperiencediversecultures?A．Amsterdam. B．NeuschwansteinCastle.C．Strasbourg. D．Basel.【答案】21．A22．C23．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在莱茵河畔的四个典型城市。21．推理判断题。由文章第二段“ManyRhineRiverCruisesbeginorendinAmsterdam.Thiscityispopularamongmultipleagegroupsandtypesoftravelersforitsrelaxingatmosphere.Grababicycleandenjoyanafternoonofcafes,art,andhistoricalsites.(许多莱茵河游船在阿姆斯特丹开始或结束。这座城市因其轻松的氛围而受到不同年龄层和类型的游客的欢迎。抓一辆自行车，享受一个下午的咖啡馆，艺术，和历史遗迹)”和文章第四段“Ifyou’relookingforaclassicEuropeancountrytown,thisisthestopforyouStrasbourghasatypicalFrenchfeel,withcobblestonedstreets,smallshops,andofcourseacathedral.BesuretovisitpicturesquePetiteFrance,thehistoricquarteroftown,andRohanPalacetowalkinthefootstepsofMarieAntoinette,thelastqueenofFrancebeforetheFrenchRevolution.(如果你正在寻找一个经典的欧洲乡村小镇，那么斯特拉斯堡是你的不二之选。斯特拉斯堡有典型的法国风情，鹅卵石铺成的街道，小商店，当然还有大教堂。一定要参观风景如画的小法兰西，历史悠久的小镇和罗汉宫，走在法国大革命前法国最后一位女王玛丽·安托瓦内特的脚步中)”可推知，阿姆斯特丹和斯特拉斯堡都有历史遗迹。故选A。22．推理判断题。由文章第三段“ThisfairytalecastleisintheheartofBavaria,Germany.SituatedintheBlackForest,andconjuringup(唤起)visionsofprincesandprincesses,itisanextremelypopulartouristattraction.ItwasinfactoneoftheinspirationsforWaltDisney’sSleepingBeautyCastle.IfyourRhineRivercruiseincludesastopinMunich,there’sagoodchancethatvisitstoNeuschwansteinwillbeavailable.(这座童话般的城堡位于德国巴伐利亚州的中心。它坐落在黑森林里，让人联想到王子和公主，是一个非常受欢迎的旅游景点。事实上，它是华特·迪斯尼睡美人城堡的灵感来源之一。如果你的莱茵河游轮在慕尼黑有一站，那么你很有可能可以参观新天鹅堡)”可推知，新天鹅堡受欢迎的原因可能是因为它是童话般的城堡。故选C。23．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Sharingthreeinternationalborders:Switzerland,Germany,andFrance,Baselpresentsafascinatingcombinationofcultures,cuisines,andlanguages.YoucanenjoyseveralwonderfulhistoricsightsinBasel,withinashortdistancefromeachother,anddon’tmissawalkthroughtheBotanicalGardens.(分享三个国际边界:瑞士，德国和法国，巴塞尔呈现了一个迷人的文化，美食和语言的组合。在巴塞尔，你可以欣赏到几个美妙的历史景点，彼此之间距离很近，不要错过植物园的散步)”可推知，对于那些想体验多元文化的人，你会推荐巴塞尔。故选D。B（2023上·福建三明·高三校联考期中）Visionaryarchitectsdesignbuildingswhichspeakforthemselves.Fromtoweringconcretepillarstosculpturalmodernistdomes(穹顶),theworkofBalkrishnaVithaldasDoshidefinedIndianarchitectureforthelatterhalfofthe20thcentury.KnownasB．V.Doshi,hewasaversatilemodernistarchitect—hedesignedeverythingfromaccessiblehousingprojectstotheIndianInstituteofManagementinBangalore.Sadly,thegreatarchitectdiedonJanuary24,2023,attheageof95,leavingbehindafascinatinglegacy.BornonAugust26,1927,inPune,southeastofMumbai,Doshigrewupwithhisfatherandgrandfather,afurnituremaker.Asachildhecametoappreciatehowtheirhousegrewandchanged.In1947,shortlybeforeIndianindependence,hebeganarchitectureschool.However,heneverfinished,afactwhichhe’dlaterpointtoinlifeasanadvantage.HemarriedhiswifeKamalaParikhin1955.Whenshepassedaway,Doshilivedinahousehedesignedandnamedforhisbelovedwife.DoshiwasinfluencedbythefamousSwiss-FrencharchitectknownasLeCorbusier.DoshistudiedwithhiminParisandthenreturnedtoIndiatosupervisethearchitect’sworkinAhmedabad.In1956,DoshifoundedhisownfirmcalledVastushilpa.Hetraveledtheworldlecturingatuniversities,workedwithotherfamousarchitects,andevenfoundedtheCenterforEnvironmentalPlanningandTechnology(nowCEPTUniversity)focusingonunderstanding,designing,planning,constructingandmanaginghumanhabitats.“Wedidnotwanttoimitatesomeoneelse’sapproach,”hetoldtheLouisianaMuseumofModernArtin2018.“Wewantedtofindourownidentity.”HedrewfromhisprideinIndianculturetocreateastyledistinctfromWesterndesigns.“Ithinkofmybuildingsasmyfriends,myfamily,”hesaid.“Ihaveaconversationwiththem,andthat’showIcreatenichesandstaircasesandopeningsandgardens…mybuildingsarenotonlypureandclearbutdesignedtoanticipatechanges.”Asidefromhismodernworks,Doshiwasdevotedtocreatingworkstobenefitthepoor.HedesignedtheAranyaLowCostHousingProjectinIndore.ThephotographerIwanBaan,whophotographedsomeofDoshi’sworks,describedtheartistas“themostapproachablearchitectIknow.Evenverypoorpeopleinhispublichousingprojectsknewhim,whichisexceptional.”24．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“versatile”inparagraph1?A．popular B．modest C．forward-looking D．well-rounded25．WhatdoweknowaboutDoshi’slife?A．Hehadamiserablechildhood.B．Heregrettedleavingschoolearly.C．Hemadeacontributiontohighereducationinarchitecture.D．HesetuphiscompanyundertheguidanceofLeCorbusier.26．WhatdoestheauthorwanttoillustratebyquotingDoshi’swords?A．ThepublicsupportforDoshi.B．TheoriginalityofDoshi’sworks.C．Doshi’sopenmindonIndianculture.D．Doshi’sloveofarchitecturaldesign.27．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．TodefineIndia’smodernarchitecture.B．ToencouragepeopletovisitDoshi’sworks.C．ToadvertiseDoshi’sarchitecturalphilosophy.D．TogiveabriefaccountofIndia’sgreatarchitectDoshi.【答案】24．D25．C26．B27．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了印度建筑大师巴克里希纳·多西。24．词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“hedesignedeverythingfromaccessiblehousingprojectstotheIndianInstituteofManagementinBangalore(从无障碍住房项目到班加罗尔的印度管理学院，他的设计可谓无所不包)”可知，巴克里希纳·多西可以设计普通民用住宅，也可以设计大型学院建筑，所有它是全能现代主义建筑师。由此可知，画线词可与D项well-rounded“全能的”互换。故选D。25．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Hetraveledtheworldlecturingatuniversities,workedwithotherfamousarchitects,andevenfoundedtheCenterforEnvironmentalPlanningandTechnology(nowCEPTUniversity)focusingonunderstanding,designing,planning,constructingandmanaginghumanhabitats.(他在世界各地的大学演讲，与其他著名建筑师合作，甚至成立了环境规划与技术中心（现为CEPT大学），专注于理解、设计、规划、建造和管理人类栖息地)”可知，巴克里希纳·多西环球游学传道建筑学知识，创办了CEPT大学的前身theCenterforEnvironmentalPlanninganTechnology。由此可知，他对高等建筑教育做出了贡献。故选C。26．推理判断题。根据第四段中的““Wedidnotwanttoimitatesomeoneelse’sapproach,”hetoldtheLouisianaMuseumofModernArtin2018.“Wewantedtofindourownidentity.”HedrewfromhisprideinIndianculturetocreateastyledistinctfromWesterndesigns.(‘我们不想模仿别人的方法，’他在2018年对路易斯安那现代艺术博物馆说。‘我们想找到自己的身份。’他从对印度文化的自豪感中汲取灵感，创造了一种与西方设计截然不同的风格。)”和“mybuildingsarenotonlypureandclearbutdesignedtoanticipatechanges.(我的建筑不仅纯净、清晰，而且能预见变化)”可推知，巴克里希纳·多西在言辞中强调了其建筑的独创性，他不去追随和模仿别人，而是追寻独创。故选B。27．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文高度赞扬了巴克里希纳·多西的成就，概述了他的生平。故选D。C（2023上·湖南长沙·高三校联考阶段练习）Elephantseatplants.That’scommonknowledgetobiologistsandanimal-loving,schoolchildrenalike.Yetfiguringoutexactlywhatkindofplantstheyeatismorecomplicated.AnewstudyfromaglobalteamthatincludedBrownUniversityconservationbiologistsusedinnovativemethodstoefficientlyandpreciselyanalyzethedietaryhabitsofelephantsinKenya.Theirfindingsonthehabitsofindividualelephantshelpanswerimportantquestionsaboutgroupfoodsearchingbehaviors,andaidbiologistsinunderstandingtheconservationapproachesthatbestkeepelephantsnotonlysated(饱的)butsatisfied.“WhenItalktonon-ecologists,theyaresurprisedtolearnthatwehaveneverreallyhadaclearpictureofwhatalloftheselargeanimalsactuallyeatinnature,”Kartzinel,anexpertbotanistwhohasconductedfieldresearchinKenya,said.“Thereasonisthattheseanimalsaredifficultanddangeroustoobservefromup-close,theymovelongdistances,theyfeedatnightandinthickbushandalotoftheplantstheyfeedonarequitesmall.”Thentheteamcomparedthedietsofindividualelephantsthroughtime.Intheiranalysis,theyshowedthatdietarydifferencesamongindividualswereoftenfargreaterthanwhathadbeenpreviouslyassumed,evenamongfamilymembersthatatetogetheronagivenday.Thisstudyhelpsaddressaclassicparadox(悖论)inwildlifeecology.Kartzinelsaid:“Howdosocialbondsholdfamilygroupstogetherinaworldoflimitedresources?”Inotherwords,giventhatelephantsallseeminglyeatthesameplants,it'snotobviouswhycompetitionforfooddoesn'tpushthemapartandforcethemtosearchforfoodindependently.“Thesimpleansweristhatelephantsvarytheirdietsbasednotonlyonwhat’savailablebutalsotheirpreferencesandphysiologicalneeds,”saidKartzinel.Thesefindingshelpinformtheoriesofwhyagroupofelephantsmaysearchforfoodtogether:Theindividualelephantsdon'talwayseatexactlythesameplantsatthesametime,sotherewillusuallybeenoughplantstogoaround.Thesefindingsmayoffervaluableinsightsforconservationbiologists.Toprotectelephantsandcreateenvironmentsinwhichtheycansuccessfullygrowtheirpopulations,theyneedavarietyofplantstoeat.28．Whatdidthenewstudyfocuson?A．Theresultsofconservationapproaches. B．Theeatinghabitsofelephants.C．Waystoprotectelephantsfromstarving. D．Elephants’socialbehaviorandneeds.29．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?A．Elephantsarehardtomonitor. B．Elephantsonlyliveinthickbush.C．Elephantsarekindandfriendlyanimals. D．Elephantsseldomeatwithhumansaround.30．Whatmessagecanconservationbiologistsgetfromthestudy?A．Itisnecessaryforelephantstolivetogether.B．Itispossibletoobserveelephantsup-close.C．Itissocialbondsthatholdelephantstogether.D．Itisimportanttoprotectthevarietyofplants.31．Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribethestudy?A．Inaccurate. B．Shocking. C．Beneficial. D．Subjective.【答案】28．B29．A30．D31．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究大象饮食习惯的科学研究，研究表明大象不仅根据可用的食物，而且根据它们的偏好和生理需求来改变它们的饮食。28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“AnewstudyfromaglobalteamthatincludedBrownUniversityconservationbiologistsusedinnovativemethodstoefficientlyandpreciselyanalyzethedietaryhabitsofelephantsinKenya.(包括布朗大学保护生物学家在内的一个全球团队进行了一项新的研究，他们使用创新的方法高效、精确地分析了肯尼亚大象的饮食习惯)”可知，这项新的研究集中在大象的饮食习惯上。故选B。29．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thereasonisthattheseanimalsaredifficultanddangeroustoobservefromup-close,theymovelongdistances,theyfeedatnightandinthickbushandalotoftheplantstheyfeedonarequitesmall.(原因是近距离观察这些动物既困难又危险，它们移动距离很远，在夜间和茂密的灌木丛中觅食，而且它们吃的很多植物都很小)”可知，监测大象的行为生活等是存在困难的。故选A。30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的““Thesimpleansweristhatelephantsvarytheirdietsbasednotonlyonwhat’savailablebutalsotheirpreferencesandphysiologicalneeds,”saidKartzinel.(“简单的答案是，大象不仅根据可用的食物，而且根据它们的偏好和生理需求来改变它们的饮食，”Kartzinel说)”及最后一段“Thesefindingsmayoffervaluableinsightsforconservationbiologists.Toprotectelephantsandcreateenvironmentsinwhichtheycansuccessfullygrowtheirpopulations,theyneedavarietyofplantstoeat.(这些发现可能为保护生物学家提供有价值的见解。为了保护大象，并为它们创造能够成功繁殖的环境，它们需要各种各样的植物来吃)”可推知，保护生物学家从中得到的一个信息就是“保护植物的多样性是重要的”。故选D。31．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Theirfindingsonthehabitsofindividualelephantshelpanswerimportantquestionsaboutgroupfoodsearchingbehaviors,andaidbiologistsinunderstandingtheconservationapproachesthatbestkeepelephantsnotonlysated(饱的)butsatisfied.(他们对大象个体习性的研究有助于回答有关群体觅食行为的重要问题，并帮助生物学家了解保护大象的方法，这些方法不仅能让大象吃饱，还能让大象满意)”及最后一段“Thesefindingsmayoffervaluableinsightsforconservationbiologists.Toprotectelephantsandcreateenvironmentsinwhichtheycansuccessfullygrowtheirpopulations,theyneedavarietyofplantstoeat.(这些发现可能为保护生物学家提供有价值的见解。为了保护大象，并为它们创造能够成功繁殖的环境，它们需要各种各样的植物来吃)”可推知，这项研究结果是有价值的，能够帮助生态学家更好地对大象进行保护。故选C。D（2023上·江苏苏州·高三苏州中学校考期中）IsthereanythingSponges(海绵)can’tdo?Forthousandsofyears,humanshaveuseddriednaturalspongestocleanup,topaintandascontainerstoconsumeliquidslikewaterorhoney.And,asscientistsaroundtheworldarebeginningtoshow,sponges’cavity-filled(空腔填充)formsmeantheycouldprovideasolutiontooneofourera’sbiggestproblems:microplasticpollution.InAugust,researchersinChinapublishedastudydescribingtheirdevelopmentofaman-madespongethatmakesshortworkofmicroscopicplasticdebris(碎片).Intests,theresearchersshowthatwhenaspeciallypreparedplastic-filledsolutionispushedthroughoneoftheirsponges,thespongecanremovebothmicroplasticsandevensmallernanoplasticsfromtheliquid.Theseparticlestypicallybecometrappedinthesponge’smanyopenings.Thoughthesponges’effectivenessvariedinexperiments,inpartdependingontheconcentrationofplasticandtheacidityandsaltinessoftheliquid,thebestconditionsallowedtheresearcherstoremoveasmuchas90percentofthemicroplastics.Theytrieditineverythingfromtapwaterandseawaterto—whynot—soupfromalocaltakeoutspot.AccordingtoGuogingWang,amaterialschemistatOceanUniversityofChinaandco-authoronthepaper,thespongeformulaisadjustable.Byadjustingthetemperaturewhenthetwocompoundsaremixed,hesays,thespongescanbemademoreorlessporous(渗透).Thisaffectsthesizeofparticlescollected—highlyporousspongeshavelotsofverysmallpores,whichisgoodforcatchingverytinyparticles.Thesponges,ifeverproducedatanindustrialscale,Wangsays,couldbeusedinwastewatertreatmentplantstoremovemicroplasticsoutofthewaterorinfoodproductionfacilitiestodepollutewater.Therearehiccupstothesponge’spotentialadoption,thoughWhat’sstilllacking,saysAliceHortonattheUnitedKingdom’sNationalOceanographyCenter,isproofthatanyofthesenewersponge-basedtechnologiescanbecosteffectiveandsuccessfulinremovingmicroplasticsfromwateratalargescale.Butonethingsheisconfidentaboutisthateffortstoremovemicroplasticsaftertheyhavealreadyreachedtheoceanareprobablydoomedtofail.“Idon’tthinkthereisanythingwecandoonalargeenoughscalethatwillhaveanyimpact,”shesaysofthat.“Wehavetostopitgettingthereinthefirstplace.”32．Whydoestheauthormentionmultipleapplicationsofspongesinparagraph1?A．Tointroducesponges’newfoundfunction.B．Tohighlightthatspongescandoanything.C．Toprovethatspongesboastalonghistory.D．Todemonstratesponges’cavity-filledforms.33．Whatcanwelearnabouttheman-madesponge?A．Itseffectivenessisuniforminexperiments.B．Itsformulaisfixedincontrollingitsopenings.C．Ithasbeenproducedatanindustrialscale.D．Itcaneffectivelyremovemicroscopicplasticdebris.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hiccup”probablymean?A．Opportunity. B．Prospect. C．Problem. D．Failure.35．WhatdoesAliceHortonimplyinthelastparagraph?A．Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy. B．Everycloudhasasilverlining.C．Preventionisbetterthancure. D．Betterlatethannever.【答案】32．A33．D34．C35．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。海绵的空腔填充形式意味着它们可以为我们这个时代最大的问题之一微塑料污染提供解决方案，文章对此进行了详细介绍。32．推理判断题。根据第一段的“And,asscientistsaroundtheworldarebeginningtoshow,sponges’cavity-filled(空腔填充)formsmeantheycouldprovideasolutiontooneofourera’sbiggestproblems:microplasticpollution.(而且，正如世界各地的科学家们开始展示的那样，海绵的空腔填充形式意味着它们可以为我们这个时代最大的问题之一——微塑料污染——提供解决方案)”推知，作者在第一段提到海绵的多种用途是为了引入介绍海绵的新功能。故选A。33．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“InAugust,researchersinChinapublishedastudydescribingtheirdevelopmentofaman-madespongethatmakesshortworkofmicroscopicplasticdebris(碎片).(今年8月，中国的研究人员发表了一项研究，描述了他们开发的一种人造海绵，这种海绵可以快速清除微塑料碎片)”可知，人造海绵可以有效地去除微塑料碎片。故选D。34．词句猜测题。根据第四段第一句中的“thoughWhat’sstilllacking,saysAliceHortonattheUnitedKingdom’sNationalOceanographyCenter,isproofthatanyofthesenewersponge-basedtechnologiescanbecosteffectiveandsuccessfulinremovingmicroplasticsfromwateratalargescale(不过，英国国家海洋学中心的艾丽丝·霍顿说，目前还缺乏证据证明这些新的海绵技术在大规模去除水中的微塑料方面是经济有效而且成功的)”可知，此处是指海绵的潜在应用也存在一些问题，所以hiccups意为“问题”。故选C。35．推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Butonethingsheisconfidentaboutisthateffortstoremovemicroplasticsaftertheyhavealreadyreachedtheoceanareprobablydoomedtofail.(但有一件事她很有信心，那就是在微塑料已经进入海洋之后，清除它们的努力可能注定要失败。)”和最后一段最后一句“Wehavetostopitgettingthereinthefirstplace.(我们必须从一开始就阻止它到达那里。)”可知，艾丽丝·霍顿的意思是与其等塑料进入海洋之后再清除还不如从一开始就阻止塑料进入海洋。因此C项“预防胜于治疗”可以表达Alice的意思。故选C。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2023上·山东青岛·高三统考期中）ManypeoplewhoarelearningEnglishwanttoknowhowtoimprovetheirreadingskills.36Theeffectivewaytoimproveyourreadingskillsistolovereadingandpracticemore.Readingisoneofthemostimportantlanguageskillsbecauseweuseittoexpandourvocabularyandimprovethewaywespeak,writeandlisten.37SeeingnewwaystosaythingscanhelpyourunderstandingofEnglishandimprovenotonlyyourreading,butalsoyourotherlanguageskills.38Ifwedonotunderstandsomething,wecangooveritagainandevenlookupthewordswedonotknowthemeaningsof.Thismeansthatwehaveamuchgreaterchanceofunderstandinginformationthatwereadthaninformationthatwehear.Sohowdowepracticereadingsothatourskilllevelimproves?Whenwereadapassage,weneedtounderstandit.Wemustunderstandwhattheimportantwordsmeanineachsentence.Thisdoesnotmeanthatweneedtoknowthemeaningofeveryword.Inmanycases,we