福建省三明市2022-2023学年高二年级下册4月期中英语试卷(含答案)

福建省三明市2022-2023学年高二下学期4月期中英语试卷

学校：___________姓名：班级：___________考号：

一'阅读理解

OnlineEducationattheUniversityofAuckland(UoA)一WhattoExpect

MostonlineprogramsatUoAare100percentonlinesothatstudentsdonotcometothe

schoolcampus.Moreover,theUniversityofAucklandhascreatedamedia-rich,pleasant

learningenvironmentthroughtheLearningManagementSystem(LMS).

•Discipline(纪律)

Withdisciplinedworkhabits,youaremorelikelytosucceedasanonlinestudent.Itisup

toyoutologontoyourcourseandmeetyourowndeadlines.

•TimeManagement

Inordertoearncompetitivegrades,bereadytospendaminimumof20-25hoursaweek

oneachcourse.UoAonlinecoursesoperateonaseven-weekschedule,withstartdatesin

January,March,May,July,SeptemberandNovember.Studentsareabletocompletetwo

coursespersemesterbytakingoneseven-weekcourseatatime.

•ProfessionalConnections

ManyoftheUoAteachersteachonlinehaveconnectionstoindustry,sotheonlinelearning

environmentensuresaccesstodiverseexpertiseandpractice.Itincludesanextensive

networkofprofessionalsinavarietyofindustries."IworkasanITmanager.Andrightfrom

theverybeginning,everyclassItookwasrelevanttowhatIwasdoingatwork.Thewide

rangeofcoursesprovidedastrongfoundationformycareerdevelopment,"saidJimHeilman,

agraduateincomputerinformationsystems.

•Technology

Itgoeswithoutsayingthattechnologyplaysavitalroleinonlinelearning.Youwillneeda

high-speedInternetconnectionandbasiccomputerskills.Forspecifics,pleaseclickhereto

visitourTechnologypage.

1.Howlongdoesittaketocompleteonecourse?

A.Sevenweeks.B.Onesemester.

C.Severalmonths.D.Atleast20-25hours.

2.WhatisthepurposeofmentioningJimHeilman?

A.Torecognizeanexcellentgraduate.

B.Tosetagoodexampletootherlearners.

C.Toprovebenefitsofprofessionalconnections.

D.Toshoweffectivemethodsofonlinelearning.

3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Acoursebrochure.B.Acollegewebsite.

C.Anacademicmagazine.D.Anonlineadvertisement.

Youcan'talwayspredictaheavyrainorrememberyourumbrella.ButdesignerMikhail

Belvaevdoesn'tthinkthatforgettingtochecktheweatherforecastbeforcheadingout

shouldresultinyougettingwet.ThafswhyhecreatedLampbrella,alamppostwithitsown

Tain-sensingumbrella

Thedesignersayshecameupwiththeideaafterwatchingpeoplegetwetonstreetsin

Russia."Once,IwasdrivingonacentralSaintPetersburgstreetandsawthestreetlamps

lightinguppeopletryingtohidefromtherain.Ithoughtitwouldbeappropriatetohavea

canopy（伞篷）builtintoastreetlamp."hesaid.

TheLampbrellaisastandard-lookingstreetlampfittedwithanumbrellacanopy.Ithasa

built-inelectricmotorwhichcanopenorclosetheumbrellaondemand.Sensors（传感器）

thenensurethattheumbrellaofferspedestriansshelterwheneveritstartsraining.

Inadditiontotherainsensor,there9salsoa360°motionsensoronthefiberglassstreet

lampwhichdetectswhetheranyoneisusingtheLampbrella.Afterthreeminutesofnotbeing

usedthecanopyisclosed.

Accordingtothedesigner,theLampbrellawouldmoveatarelativelylowspeed,soas

nottocauseharmtothepedestrians（行人）.Besides,itwouldbegroundedtoprotectfrom

possiblelightningstrike.EachLampbrellawouldofferenoughshelterforseveralpeople.

Beinginstalled（安装）at2metersofftheground,itwouldonlybeadangerforthetallestof

pedestrians.

WhiletherearenoplanstotaketheLampbrellaintoproduction,Belvaevsaysherecently

introducedhiscreationtooneMoscowDepartment,andinsistshiscreationcouldbeinstalled

onanystreetwherealotofpeoplewalkbuttherearenocanopiestoprovideshelter.

4.WhichofthefollowingshowshowtheLampbrellaworks?

A.motor一canopy一sensors.

B.motor一sensors一canopy.

C.canopy一motor一sensors.

D.sensors—motor一canopy.

5.WhydidMikhailBelvaevcreateLampbrella?

A.Toprotectpeoplefromtherain.

B.Topredictaheavyrain.

C.Tochecktheweatherforecast.

D.Toremindpeopletotakeanumbrella.

6.WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytellusabouttheLampbrella?

A.Itsinstallation.B.Itsmovingspeed.

C.Itssafety.D.Itsappearance.

7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Thedesignerwillopenacompanytopromotehisproduct.

B.Thedesignerisconfidentthathiscreationispractical.

C.TheLampbrellacouldbeputintoimmediateproduction.

D.TheLampbrellawouldbeputonshowinMoscow.

Masksthathelpedtosavelivesareprovingadeadlydangerforwildlife,withbirdsand

seacreaturestrappedintheshockingnumberofthrown-awayfacialcoverings.Single-use

maskshavebeenfoundaroundpavements,waterwaysandbeachesworldwide.Wornonce,

thethinprotectivematerialscantakehundredsofyearstodecompose.“Facemasksaren't

goingawayanytimesoon-butwhenwethrowthemaway,theseitemscanharmthe

environmentandtheanimals,“AshleyFrunoofanimalrightsgroupPETAsaid.

InBritain,agullwasrescuedbytheRSPCAafteritslegsbecametangledinthestraps

（带子）ofamaskforuptoaweek.Theanimalwelfarecharitytookittoawildlifehospitalfor

treatmentbeforeitsrelease.

Thebiggesteffectmaybeinthewater.Morethan1.5billionmasksmadetheirwayinto

theworld'soceanslastyear,accountingforaround6200extratonnesofoceanplastic

pollution,accordingtoenvironmentalgroupOceansAsia.

ConservationistsinBrazilfoundonemaskinsidethestomachofapenguinafteritsbody

waswasheduponabeach,whileadeadpufferfishwasdiscoveredcaughtinsideanotherof

thecoastofMiami.Frenchcampaignersfoundadeadcrabtrappedinamasknearthe

Mediterranean.Masksandglovesare"particularlyproblematic“forseacreatures,says

GeorgeLeonard,chiefscientistfromNGOOceanConservancy."Whenthoseplasticsbreak

downintheenvironment,theythenenterthefoodchainandimpactentireecosystems,99he

added.

Therehasbeenashifttowardsgreateruseofreusableclothmasksasthepandemic（疫情）

haswornon,butmanyarestillusingthelightersingle-usevarieties.Campaignershaveurged

peopletobinthemproperlyandcutthestrapstoreducetheriskofanimalsbecomingtrapped.

OceansAsiahasalsocalledongovernmentstoincreasefinesforlitteringandencouragethe

useofwashablemasks.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"decompose"mean?

A.Breakdown.B.Bumdown.C.Turndown.D.Falldown.

9.WhatcanwelearnfromGeorgeLeonard'swords?

A.Theenvironmentalgroupsavesmanyanimals.

B.Seawildlifeisfondoffeedingonfacemasks.

C.Measuresshouldbetakentoprotectseawildlife.

D.Masksthrownaroundwillfinallyharmhumans.

10.Howisparagraph4developed?

A.Byanalysingcauses.B.Bygivingexamples.

C.Byprovidingexplanations.D.Bymakingcomparisons.

11.Accordingtotheauthor,howmightthemaskproblemsbesolved?

A.Bywashingthereusableclothmasksmorefrequently.

B.Bystoppingthepublicfromusingthesingle-usemasks.

C.Byencouragingtheuseofreusablemasksandincreasingfines.

D.Bycuttingthestrapsofthemasksandreusingthemproperly.

Scientistshavefoundthateatingdarkchocolateappearstolowertheriskofdepression

byfourfold.While7.6percentofthe13,000peoplesurveyedreporteddepressivesymptoms,

just1.5percentofthechocolateeatersdid.Thestudyalsofoundthatthepeoplewho

consumedthemostofanychocolatewerealso57percentlesslikelytoreportdepressive

symptoms.

Thestudyisthefirsttoexaminetheassociationwithdepressionaccordingtothetypeof

chocolateconsumed.Theteamassesseddatafrom13,626adultsfromtheUSNationalHealth

andNutritionExaminationSurvey.

Arangeofotherfactorsincludingheightweight,maritalstatus,education,household

income,physicalactivity,smokingandchronic,慢f生的）healthproblemswerealsotaken

intoaccounttoensurethestudyonlymeasuredchocolate'seffectondepressivesymptoms.

Thenitwasfoundthatindividualswhoreportedeatinganydarkchocolateintwo24-

hourperiodshad70percentloweroddsofreportingclinicallyrelevantdepressivesymptoms

intheprevioustwoweeksthanthosewhoreportednoteatingchocolateatall.

Chocolatecontainsanumberofpsychoactiveingredients（精神活性成分）whichproduce

afeelingofeuphoria（狂喜）similartothatofcannabinoid（大麻素）.Italsocontains

phenylethylamine（苯乙胺）,whichisbelievedtobeimportantforregulatingpeople'smoods.

However,Britishscientistsurgedcautionaboutthefindings,suggestingthatthedecision

toeatdarkchocolatecouldbelinkedtootherhealthfactors.Forexample,peoplewhochoose

darkchocolatemaybemorehealth-consciousingeneral,whichisknowntoprotectagainst

depression.

Depressedpeoplearealsomorelikelytocravemoresugaryfattyfoodsandsocouldbe

lesslikelytopickadarkalternativewhenchoosingchocolate.

12.Whatistheaimofthestudy?

A.Tofindacurefordepression.

B.Tofindoutthecauseofdepression.

C.Toresearchontheingredientsofchocolate.

D.Tostudytheassociationbetweendepressionandchocolate.

13.Whatisphenylethylamine?

A.Somethingthatcanmakepeopleexcited.

B.Somethingthatcanadjustpeople'smoods.

C.Somethingthatcanmakepeopledepressed.

D.Somethingthatcanmakepeopleoverweight.

14.WhatisBritishscientists9attitudetowardthefindings?

A.Supportive.B.Negative.C.Doubtful.D.Cautious.

15.Whataredepressedpeoplemorelikelytodo?

A.Eatsugaryfattyfoods.B.Havedarkchocolate.

C.Exerciseoutdoors.D.Beconcernedabouthealth.

二、七选五

16.People-pleaserswanteveryonearoundthemtobehappyandtheywilldowhatever

isaskedofthemtokeepitthatway.①.Forsome,saying“yes”isahabit;for

others,it'salmostanaddictionthatmakesthemfeelliketheyneedtobeneeded.Thismakes

themfeelimportantandlikethey'recontributingtosomeoneelse'slife.

②.Notonlydoesitputalotofpressureandstressonyou,butessentially

youcanmakeyourselfsickfromdoingtoomuch.Intheworstcase,you'llwakeupandfind

yourselfdepressed,becauseyou'reonsuchoverloadbecauseyoupossiblycan'tdoitall.

Here'salistofstrategiestohelpyoustopbeingapeople-pleaserandfinallysay"no”.

Thinkaboutit.

Wheneversomeoneasksyouforafavor,ifsperfectlyOKtosaythatyou'llneedtimeto

consider.（3）.Itisalsoimportanttoaskthepersonfordetailsaboutthe

commitment.Askyourself:DoIhavethetimetodothis?HowpressuredamIgoingtofeel?

Thesequestionsarekeybecauseyouneedtimetothinkofyourmust-dolistandthingsyou

don'twanttodo.

④.

It'stempting（诱人的）towanttodefendyourdecisiontosay"no"tosomeonesothey

understandyourreasoning.Butthisactuallybackfires.Assoonasyoustartexplaining,you

givetheotherpersonlotsofroomtocomebackandsay,“Oh,youcandothatlater,““You

canadjustyourschedule^^or"That'snotasimportantaswhatI'masking."

Don'tapologize-ifit'snotyourfault.

People-pleaserstendtobeserialapologists.Payattentiontowhenyou'reapologizing

andconsiderifyou'rereallyatfault.⑤.Usually,theansweris"no”.

A.Realizeyouhaveachoice.

B.Don'tgivealistofexcuses.

C.Theyputeveryoneelsebeforethemselves.

D.Saywhatyou'rethinkingandwhatyouwant.

E.People-pleasingcanhaveseriousrisksinfact.

F.Askyourselfifyou'reresponsibleforthesituation.

G.Thisgivesyoutheopportunitytothinkofyoucanhelp.

三、完形填空（15空）

Ifyou'refeelingthatlifejustcan'tbeanyworseforyou,itcanbechallengingtothink

positivethoughts.Whenyou'restressed,depressed,1,orinanegativestateofmind

becauseyoufeel"badthings"2happeningtoyou,it'simportanttochangethose3

thoughtstosomethingpositive.Ifnot,you'llonlyattractmore"badthings”.

It'softenveryhardtothinkpositivewhensomanythingsarenegative,butbe4that

someone,somewhereisworseoffthanyou.Youcanchoosetothink5bybeginning

withthesmallestofsteps.

Ifyoustartonesmall,positivethingand6itduringthecourseofyourday,you'll

begintomoveintoamorepositive7:positivethoughts,feelingsandopportunities.

Withpractice,youwillfindthatovertime,youwillchangeyouroutlookandchoosetobe

8_,regardlessoftheeventsaroundyou.

Herearesomeexamplesforyouto9.Beginandendeachdaywitha“Thankyou

forthiswonderfulday!”Whenyouseegaspricesrising,say"I'msogladtohavea10in

whichtogetaround."Whenyourbossistoohardonyou,say“IamgratefulformyjobasI

knowthatmanydon'thaveone."Ifyouarehavinghealthproblems,be11forwhatdoes

work:"Idoappreciateitthatmyeyessee,myearshear,mymouthtastes,mylegswalk,and

my12write.^^Writedownwhateveryou'rethankfulforeachday.Inmomentswhen

you'refeelingreallydown,readaloudwhatyou13beforehand.Thiswillcertainlyhelp

upliftyourspirits.Ifyoupracticethis14,youwillfindyourlistgettinglongerand

longer.

The15tomakingitamomentofjoyfulpeaceistomoveyourselfintoapositive

thoughtandkeepittherelongenough.Themoreyoupractice,thehappieryou'llbe.

17.A.upsetB.seriousC.terribleD.curious

18.A.avoidB.keepC.preventD.try

19.A.relativeB.positiveC.negativeD.sensitive

20.A.disappointedB.anxiousC.interestedD.sure

21.A.stubbornlyB.differentlyC.carelesslyD.actively

22.A.singB.speakC.catchD.repeat

23.A.situationB.attentionC.ambitionD.conclusion

24.A.depressedB.peacefulC.happyD.confused

25.A.announceB.makeC.followD.learn

26.A.wheelchairB.carC.shipD.jetplane

27.A.beautifulB.gratefulC.mercifulD.wonderful

28.A.armsB.legsC.handsD.shoulders

29.A.recordedB.talkedC.heardD.noticed

30.A.rapidlyB.occasionallyC.slightlyD.regularly

31.A.designB.keyC.projectD.chance

四、短文填空

32.SunZhenchu,an86-year-oldmanin2022,whogothisdriver'slicenseinabouta

year,hassurprisedandinspirednetizensinChinanotonlybecauseofhisage.

ThemotivationbehindSunZhenchu's①(take)thedrivingtestsistocarefor

hiswife.Sun'swifedidn'tgooutmuchafter②operation.Afterthepolicythat

peopleover70canapply③adriver'slicensewasissued,Sun(4)

(immediate)becameanelderlytraineeatalocaldrivertrainingschoolinZhejiangProvince

andmanaged©(pass)thefourexams,receivingperfectscoresontwoofthem.

AftergettinghislicenseinMarch,Sunboughtanelectricvehicletotakehiswifeshopping

forgroceries,tothehospitalorsightseeingalongtheQiantangRiver.

⑥astonishedpeoplemostwasSun'scareer-hewasaspecialistinnuclear

weaponsandmadegreat©(contribute)tothenation.Aftergraduationin1964,

Sun⑧(select)asoneoftheresearcherstoparticipateinChina'sfirstatomic

bombtest.Afterthesuccessfultest,hewenttoBeijing,(9)hecontinuedto

conductresearchandtestingfornuclearweaponsfor32years.Heretiredin1995,buthedid

notstoplearningnewthings.

InaspeechhedeliveredatZhejiangGongshangUniversityinlateJune,heencouraged

graduatestokeeplearningtostandoutina⑩(compete)andchallengingsociety.

五、翻译题

33.这个岛是许多鸟类和海豹的家园。(behometo)(汉译英)

34.他担心的不是你的身体健康而是你的心理健康。(what引导主语从句；no...but...)

(汉译英)

35.这个年轻人很可靠，所以你遇到困难时可以依靠他。(汉译英)

36.Bathedinthesunshine,wejumpedandcheeredwithjoy.(英译汉)

37.Thescientistdecidedtofindawaytohelpthechildrendominatedbycomputergames.

(英译汉)

六、书面表达

38.假定你是李华，是某校的高二学生。你发现有些同学每次遇到重要考试，都会出

现一些焦虑症状。请你用英语写一封信，向某学生英文报编辑反映该问题并提出建

议。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Deareditor,

I'maSeniorTwostudentinahighschool.I'mwritingtotellyouaboutsomesymptoms

ofanxietyamongusstudentsbeforeexams.

Yours,

LiHua

七、读后续写

39.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文.

Iwaswalkingdownthemuddyroadonedaywhenmycellphonerang.Achild'svoice

ontheotherendspoketomesoftly,"Dad,pleasecomehacksoon.Imissyousomuch!"

Unconsciously,Iknewitwasawrongnumberonceagain.Idon'thaveasingledaughter.I

justhaveasix-year-oldson.Itisnotunusualtoreceivethiskindofcallsnowadays,soI

repliedrudely,"You'vedialedthewrongnumber!99andthenhungupinanger.

Duringthefollowingdays,Igotthesamecallnowandthen.Itdisturbedme,soIeither

rejectedherorhunguprightawayrudely.Icouldn'thelpcomplainingaboutthis,“Whatan

impolitegirl!Howcanshecallmeupoverandoveragain?"HowIwishedthelittlegirl

wouldstopcausinganytroubletomesomeday!Suddenly,thephonerangupagain.Itwas

fromthesamegirl-Itseemedthatshewouldnotgiveupuntilshegotananswer.

Sheconstantlycalledmeup.EvenifIdidnotgiveherananswer,shestilldialedmy

numberfromtimetotime.EventuallyIunwillinglyansweredthephone.Iheardtheweak

voiceofthatlittlegirl,"Dad,pleasecomebacknow.Imissyousomuch!Momtoldmethis

wasnotawrongnumber.Itisyourcellphonenumber,right?Dad,Iaminsomuchpain!

Momsaidyouweretoobusytotakecareofme.Sheistiredoutfromlookingafterme.Dad,

Iknowyouarebusy.Ifyoucannotcomehome,pleasekissmeagaininthephone,OK?”The

innocentrequestwasdifficulttoreject.Imadealoudkissintothephoneandheardaweak

voicesaying,“ThankyouDad,Iamso...happy,so...happy.

注意:

1.续写词数应为150左右;

2,请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Shortlyafterthis,Ibecameinterestedinwhohadbeenontheotherendofmyphone.

Icouldn7waittoaskthewomanhowherdaughterwas.

参考答案

1.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Studentsareabletocompletetwocoursesper

semesterbytakingoneseven-weekcourseatatime."可知，一门课程需要七个星期来完成，

学生每学期可以上完两门课程。即完成一门课程需要七个星期。故选A。

2.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的"Thewiderangeofcoursesgavemeastrong

foundationformycareerdevelopment."可知,广泛的课程为JimHeilman的职业发展奠定

了坚实的基础。因此文章提到JimHeilman的目的是为了证明与专业人士建立联系的好

处。故选C。

3.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Forspecifics,pleaseclickheretovisitour

Technologypage.”可知，有关详细信息,请单击此处访问我们的技术学院的页面。因此文

章可能来自一个大学网站。故选B。

4.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“TheLampbrellaisastandard-lookingstreetlampfitted

withanumbrellacanopy.Ithasabuilt-inelectricmotorwhichcanopenorclosetheumbrella

ondemand.Sensors（传感器）thenensurethattheumbrellaofferspedestriansshelter

wheneveritstartsraining.（“伞灯”是一种外形标准的路灯，上面装有伞罩。它有一个内置

的电动马达，可以根据需要打开或关闭雨伞。传感器会确保雨伞在开始下雨时为行人

提供庇护。）”可知，电动马达控制伞篷，而电动马达的运动是受传感器的控制，所以

三者的排列关系是传感器一马达一伞篷。故选D。

5.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“"Once,IwasdrivingonacentralSaintPetersburg

streetandsawthestreetlampslightinguppeopletryingtohidefromtherain.Ithoughtit

wouldbeappropriatetohaveacanopy（伞篷）builtintoastreetlamp.^^hesaid.（“有一次，我

开车行驶在圣彼得堡市中心的街道上，看到路灯照亮了试图躲避雨水的人们。我觉得

在路灯里装一个伞篷会很合适。"他说）”可知，MikhailBelyaev发明雨水感应式路灯伞

是为了下雨时让行人避雨。故选A。

6.答案：C

解析：主旨大意题。根据第五段内容，结合“soasnottocauseharmtothepedestrians（行

人）.Besides,itwouldbegroundedtoprotectfrompossiblelightningstrike.（这样就不会对

行人造成伤害。此外，它将被接地以防止可能的雷击。）”及“Beinginstalled（安装）at2

metersofftheground,itwouldonlybeadangerforthetallestofpedestrians.（安装在星巨离地

面2米的地方，它只会对最高的行人造成危险。）”可知，本段主要描述了这种伞的安

全性。故选C。

7.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"andinsistshiscreationcouldbeinstalledonanystreet

wherealotofpeoplewalkbuttherearenocanopiestoprovideshelter.（并坚持认为，他的

发明可以安装在任何行人多但没有遮蔽处的街道上。）”可知，设计者认为他的发明可

以安装在行人多但无遮挡的街道上，由此可知设计者对自己的发明充满信心，认为它

很实用。故选乐

8.答案：A

解析：词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“thethinprotectivematerialscantakehundredsof

yearsto（这种薄薄的保护材料可能需要几百年的时间）“以及后文"Facemasksaren'tgoing

awayanytimesoon（口罩不会很快消失）“可知，口罩短期内不会消失，说明这种薄薄的

保护材料可能需要几百年才能分解。故划线词意思是“分解”。故选A。

9.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Masksandglovesare"'particularlyproblematic^^for

seacreatures,saysGeorgeLeonard,chiefscientistfromNGOOceanConservancy."When

thoseplasticsbreakdownintheenvironment,theythenenterthefoodchainandimpactthe

entireecosystems,5,headded.（非政府组织海洋保护协会的首席科学家GeorgeLeonard

说，口罩和手套对海洋生物来说“尤其成问题”。他补充说：“当这些塑料在环境中分解

时，它们就会进入食物链，并影响整个生态系统。"）”可知，GeorgeLeonard认为到处

乱扔的口罩最终对人体有害。故选D。

10.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“ConservationistsinBrazilfoundonemaskinsidethe

stomachofapenguinafteritsbodywaswasheduponabeach,whileadeadpufferfishwas

discoveredcaughtinsideanotherofthecoastofMiami.Frenchcampaignersfoundadead

crabtrappedinamaskneartheMediterranean.（Effi的环保人士在一只企鹅的尸体被冲上

海滩后，在它的胃里发现了一个口罩，而迈阿密的另一个海岸上发现了一条被卡在另

一口罩里的河豚的尸体。法国活动人士在地中海附近发现了一只被困在口罩中的死螃

蟹。广可推知，第四段是通过举例子来展开的。故选B。

11.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“OceansAsiahasalsocalledongovernmentsto

increasefinesforlitteringandencouragetheuseofwashablemasks.（海洋亚洲|组织还呼吁

各国政府提高对乱丢垃圾的罚款，并鼓励人们使用可清洗的口罩）”可知，通过鼓励使

用可重复使用的口罩和增加罚款可以解决口罩问题。故选C。

12.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句"Thestudyisthefirsttoexaminetheassociation

withdepressionaccordingtothetypeofchocolateconsumed.^^（这项研究是第一次根据巧

克力的消费类型来研究与抑郁症的关系）可知，其目的是研究抑郁和食用巧克力之间

的关系。故选D。

13.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的最后一句"whichisbelievedtobeimportantfor

regulatingpeople'smoods^^（这被认为对调节人们的情绪很重要）可知，苯基乙胺是调

节人们情绪的东西。故选B。

14.答案:D

解析：推理判断题。根据第六段的第一句"HoweverBritishscientistsurgedcautionabout

thefindings,suggestingthatthedecisiontoeatdarkchocolatecouldbelinkedtootherhealth

factors."（然而，英国科学家敦促人们谨慎对待这一发现，认为吃黑巧克力的决定可能

与其他健康因素有关。）可知，英国科学家对研究的发现持谨慎的态度。A.Supportive.

支持的；B.Negative.消极的；C.Doubtful.怀疑的；D.Cautious谨慎的。故选D。

15.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段"Depressedpeoplearealsomorelikelytocravemore

sugaryfattyfoodsandsocouldbelesslikelytopickadarkalternativewhenchoosing

chocolate.”（抑郁的人也更可能渴望更多含糖高脂肪的食物，因此在选择巧克力时不太

可能选择深色的替代品。）可知，抑郁的人也更有可能想吃更多的高糖高脂食物。故

选Ao

16.答案：①-⑤CEGBF

解析：①根据空格上句"People-pleaserswanteveryonearoundthemtobehappyandthey

willdowhateverisaskedofthemtokeepitthatway.（悦他主义者希望身边的每一个人都

快乐，他们会做任何要求他们做的事情，让身边的每一个人都快乐。）”可知，第一段

中主要介绍了什么是悦他主义者。C项意为“他们把别人放在自己前面。”能够承接上

文，悦他主义者为了让身边的每一个人都快乐，会做任何要求他们做的事情，所以他

们把别人放在自己前面。故选C。

②/艮据空格上句"Notonlydoesitputalotofpressureandstressonyou,butessentiallyyou

canmakeyourselfsickfromdoingtoomuch.（它不仅给你带来了很大的压力，而且从本

质上说，你做得太多会让自己生病。）”可知，本段介绍的是悦他主义者会面临的危

害。E项意为“事实上，取悦他人可能会有严重的风险。”选项能够概括段落主旨，告

诉我们取悦他人可能会给我们带来的危害，下文提到的“给你带来了很大的压力”和“做

得太多会让自己生病”是对危害的举例。故选E。

③根据空格上句"Wheneversomeoneasksyouforafavor,it'sperfectlyOKtosaythat

you”needtimetoconsider.（每当有人请你帮忙时，说你需要时间考虑是完全可以

的。）”可知，本段告诉我们当有人请你帮忙时，你可以说你需要时间考虑。G项意为

“这让你有机会考虑你能帮上忙。”选项内容能够承接上文，当有人请你帮忙时，你可

以说你需要时间考虑，这样你就有机会考虑自己是否能帮忙，能提供什么样的帮助

等。故选G。

④根据空格后句"It'stempting（诱人的）towanttodefendyourdecisiontosay"no"to

someonesotheyunderstandyourreasoning.Butthisactuallybackfires.（想要为你对某人说

“不”的决定辩护，这样他们就能理解你的观点，这种想法是很诱人的。但这实际上适

得其反。）”可知，本段告诉我们如果我们为自己对别人请求的拒绝找借口，以为这样

就会得到对方的理解，但实际上适得其反。B项意为“不要列举借口。”选项内容能够

概括段落主旨，告诉我们不要为自己的拒绝找借口。故选B。

⑤根据段落主旨句"Don'tapologize-ififsnotyourfault.（如果不是你的错，不要道

歉。）”可知，本段告诉我们如果不是你的错，不要道歉。根据空格上句“Payattentionto

whenyou5reapologizingandconsiderifyou'rereallyatfault.（当你道歉的时候要注意，并

考虑你是否真的有错。广可知，道歉之前我们要考虑清楚自己是否真的有错。F项意为

“问问自己你是否应该对这种情况负责。”选项内容能够承接上文，道歉之前我们要问

问自己是否有错，是否应该对这种情况负责，且能引起下文“Usually,theansweris"no”.

（通常，答案是“不”。广下文中的“no”正是对上文问题的回答。故选F。

17.答案：A

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你感到压力、沮丧、心烦意乱，或者因为你觉

得“坏事”总是发生在你身上而处于消极的精神状态时，把那些消极的想法转变为积极

的东西是很重要的。A.upset心烦意乱的；B.serious严肃的；C.terrible可怕的；D.

curious好奇的。根据句中“stressed,depressed"和"inanegativestateofmind”可知，句中

描述的是一种消极的情绪，形容词upset"心烦意乱的”符合语境。故选A。

18.答案：B

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你感到压力、沮丧、心烦意乱，或者因为你觉得

“坏事”总是发生在你身上而处于消极的精神状态时，把那些消极的想法转变为积极的

东西是很重要的。A.avoid避免；B.keep保持；C.prevent阻止；D.try尝试。产生这

些消极情绪的原因是“坏事”总是发生在自己身上。keepdoing“一直做某事”。故选B。

19.答案：C

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你感到压力、沮丧、心烦意乱，或者因为你觉

得“坏事”总是发生在你身上而处于消极的精神状态时，把那些消极的想法转变为积极

的东西是很重要的。A.relative相对的；B.positive积极的；C.negative消极的；D.

sensitive敏感的。根据上文“stressed,depressed"和"inanegativestateofmind”可知，那

些是消极的想法。故选C。

20.答案：D

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当很多事情都是消极的时候，想要积极的事情通

常是很难的，但是肯定在某个地方有人比你过得更糟。A.disappointed失望的；B.

anxious担心的；C.interested感兴趣的；D.sure确定的。根据下文“someone,

somewhereisworseoffthanyou”可知，在某个地方肯定有人比你过得更糟。故选D。

21.答案：B

解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：你可以选择从最小的步骤开始，以不同的方式思

考。A.stubbornly固执地；B.differently不同地；C.carelessly粗心地；D.actively积极

地。根据上文“thinkpositivewhensomanythingsarenegative”可知，此处表示“以不同

的方式思考”。故选B。

22.答案：D

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你从一件积极的小事情开始，并在一天中不断

重复它，你将开始进入一个更积极的状态：积极的思想、感受和机会。A.sing唱；B.

speak说；C.catch抓住；D.repeat重复。根据下文“Withpractice”可知，此处表