高中一轮复习英语讲义必修二Module1OurBodyandHealthyHabits

Module1OurBodyandHealthyHabits一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇[第一屏听写]Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)1．flun.(＝influenza) 流行性感冒2．symptomn. 症状3．X­rayn. X光4．toothachen. 牙痛5．lungn. 肺[第二屏听写]6．throatn． 喉咙；咽喉；嗓子7．pneumonian. 肺炎8．prescriptionn. 处方9．questionnairen. 问卷；问卷调查；调查表Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第三屏听写]1．dietn． 饮食；日常食物vi. 照医生的规定饮食2．fitadj. 健康的；强健的3．rareadj. 稀少的；罕有的4．unhealthyadj. 不健康的；有碍健康的5．wealthyadj. 富裕的；有钱的[第四屏听写]6．rarelyadv. 稀少地；极少地7．proverbn. 谚语8．anxiousadj. 焦虑的；不安的；渴望的9．injurevt. 伤害10．injuryn. 伤害；损伤；受伤处[第五屏听写]11．painn． 疼痛12．painfuladj. 疼痛的13．normaladj. 正常的；一般的14．lifestylen. 生活方式15．headvi. 朝……方向前进[第六屏听写]16．eyevt. 注视；观看17．overweightadj. (人)太胖的；超重的18．breathevi. 呼吸19．insurancen. 保险20．awful_adj. 可怕的；吓人的[第七屏听写]21．fat_n． 脂肪22．captainn. 队长23．be_connected_with 与……有联系24．take_exercise 锻炼25．be_crazy_about 迷恋[第八屏听写]26．have_a_temperature 发烧27．lie_down 躺下28．begin_with 以……开始29．put_..._into_... 将……投入……30．bee_ill 生病二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)1.flun.(＝influenza)流行性感冒2.symptomn.症状3.X­rayn.X光4.toothachen.牙痛5.lungn．肺6.throatn.喉咙；咽喉；嗓子7.pneumonian.肺炎8.prescriptionn.处方9.questionnairen.问卷；问卷调查；调查表Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)1.normaladj.正常的；一般的2.lifestylen.生活方式3.overweightadj.(人)太胖的；超重的4.insurancen.保险5.captainn.队长核心单词练通1.Manypeoplekeepfit(健康的)bytakingexerciseeveryday.2.Astheproverb(谚语)goes,don'tputallyoureggsinonebasket.3.Aneasywaytocuttheamountoffat(脂肪)inyourdietistoavoideatingredmeats.4.Worriedaboutmyhealth,Itriedmanydifferentkindsofdiets(饮食)butnothingworked.5.Herealizedthathewasheading(朝……方向前进)inthewrongdirection.6.Apolicemanonastreetcornereyed(注视)himsuspiciously,thennotedhissuitcase.7.Ifsomethingawful(可怕的；吓人的)happenstoyou,atleastyoucanwriteaboutit.拓展单词用活[记全记牢]1.rareadj.稀少的；罕有的→rarelyadv.稀少地；极少地2.unhealthyadj.不健康的；有碍健康的→(反义词)healthyadj.健康的→healthn．健康3.wealthyadj.富裕的；有钱的→wealthn．财富4.anxiousadj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的→anxiouslyadv.焦虑地→anxietyn．焦虑；担心；渴望5.injurevt.伤害→injuryn．伤害；损伤；受伤处→injuredadj.受伤的6.painn．疼痛；痛苦→painsn．辛苦；努力→painfuladj.疼痛的→painfullyadv.使人疼痛地7.breathevi.呼吸→breathn．呼吸[用准用活]1.Thiskindofflowerisrare,_andrarelydoIseeit.(rare)2.Ahealthclubisaprivateclubthatpeoplegotoinordertodoexercise,keephealthyandavoidunhealthydiets.(health)3.BillGatesisregardedasoneofthewealthiestpersonsintheworld.Hispersonalwealthisestimatedataround＄90billion.(wealth)4.Aninjuredmanwastakentothehospital,wherethedoctorsfoundhesufferedsevereinjuriestotheheadandarmsandtheywonderedwhohadinjuredhim.(injure)5.Hewasseizedwithapainfulsickness,andthepainnearlydrovehimmad.Buthetookpainstofinishhiswork.(pain)⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.(身体部位)名词用作动词集粹①head朝……方向前进②eye注视；观看③hand传递；递给④arm武装⑤shoulder肩负⑥back后退2.n.＋­y→adj.一览①wealthy富裕的②healthy健康的③thirsty口渴的④cloudy多云的⑤greedy贪婪的⑥guilty内疚的3.高频合成形容词个个清①overweightadj.(人)太胖的；超重的②absent­mindedadj.心不在焉的③old­fashionedadj.老式的④well­behavedadj.表现良好的⑤second­handadj.二手的⑥brand­newadj.全新的(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高先写对再用准第一组1.at_least至少2.be_connected_with与……有联系3.be_crazy_about迷恋4.lie_down躺下5.begin_with以……开始6.put_..._into_...将……投入……Tom①was_crazy_aboutplayingsmartphone.Heusedto②lie_downandplaysmartphoneonthebed.Hisnearsightedness③is_connected_withit.Isuggestedthatheshould④putmoreattentionintohislessonsandhavearestregularly.Tomacceptedit.Soonhegotridofthebadhabit.第二组1.have_a_temperature发烧2.pay_for支付；为……付出代价3.off_work休班4.take_exercise_锻炼5.pick_up用车接；拾起；捡起；接收；(偶然)学会6.bee_ill生病Maryisveryweakandoften①bees_ill.Whensheisill,sheoften②has_a_temperature.Becauseofthissheisoften③off_workandstaysathome.Herdoctoradvisedherto④take_exercise.Shefollowedherdoctor'sadvice.Nowsheisbeinghealthierandhealthier.⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.“与……有联系/关系”短语全接触①beconnectedwith与……有联系/关系②berelatedto与……有关③havesomethingtodowith与……有关④berelevantto与……有关⑤beconcernedwith涉及……⑥beinvolvedin涉及……2.crazy短语大观园①becrazyabout迷恋②becrazyfor渴望③becrazywith因……而发狂④drivesb.crazy逼得某人发疯⑤gocrazy发疯；疯狂⑥likecrazy疯狂地；拼命地3.“v.＋up”短语集合①pickup拾起②eatup吃光③bringup抚养大④burnup烧尽⑤holdup举起；阻挡⑥stayup熬夜⑦useup用完(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高背原句明句式学仿写1.WhenZhouKai'smothersawhimheadingtowardsthefrontdoorwithoutajacketon,sheeyedhimanxiously.周凯的妈妈看到他没有穿夹克衫就往前门走去时，她担心地盯着周凯。see＋宾语＋宾语补足语。透过窗户我看见他正在庭院里修理汽车。ThroughthewindowIsaw_him_repairinghiscarintheyard.2.I'drathereatanicepieceoffruit.我宁愿吃一块美味的水果。wouldratherdosth.“宁愿做某事”。今晚我宁愿待在家里读点书。Iwould_rather_stay_at_home_and_dosomereadingthisevening.3.Butthat'sbecauseIwasstupidenoughtoplayfootballintherain.但那是因为我太傻了，竟然在雨中踢足球。That'sbecause＋从句，意为“那是因为……”。她非常伤心，那是因为她的儿子在车祸中丧生了。Shewasveryupset.That's_becausehersonwaskilledinanaccident.4.Gotobednoworyou'llbereallytiredtomorrow.现在上床睡觉吧，否则明天你会很累的。祈使句＋or＋陈述句。努力学习，否则你就会落在其他同学的后面。Work_hard_oryouwillfallbehindyourclassmates.考点新组合阅读微技能Goodhealthisconnectedwithhealthydietandregularexercise.Butnowadayssomestudentslikeeatingjunkfood,andarecrazyabout________(play)❶putergames.What'sworse,theyrarelytakeexercise.Asaresult,theybeeoverweightandunhealthy.“Havea________❷dietandtakemoreexercise,andtheywillkeepfit❸，”sayhealthexperts.Wehopethattheywillhaveahealthylifestyle.1.①处应填入单词的正确形式为playing。2.②处应填入的最佳选项为__C__。A.regularB．convenientC.balancedD．occasional3.③处fit的同义词为healthy；fit作为动词时，其过去式和过去分词为fitted，fitted或fit，fit。1．fitadj.健康的；强健的；适合的；能胜任的v．适合；使(衣服)合身；使适应；使胜任n．适合；合身(1)befitfor 适合；胜任befit(forsb.)todo... 适合(某人)做……keep/stayfit 保持健康(2)fitsb./sth.(forsth.) 使适合，使胜任(某工作)fiton 试穿fitinwith... 与……相处融洽，合得来；(与某事物)相适应[多角练透]单句语法填空①It'sjustaninformalparty,soit'snotfitforyouto_dress(dress)likethat.②Productionofthegoodsmustfitinwiththeneedsofthesociety.③Iamgoingtothetailor'stofitonmynewcoat.补全句子④Youshouldtakemoreexercisein_order_to_keep/stay_fit.为了保持健康，你应该多锻炼。⑤Theoldprimeministerwasawise,honestmanwhowas_more_fit_for_his_office/jobthananyoneelse.老首相可是个聪明诚实的人，比谁都称职。[辨析比较]fit,suit,matchfit“适合”，指大小、尺寸、形状等合适，引申为“吻合，协调”suit“适合”，多指衣服颜色、样式适合某人，还可指合乎需要、口味、地位、条件等。另外，用于比喻意义时多用suitmatch“和……匹配，适合”，多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配选用以上单词填空⑥Thesizeoftheshirtfitsmewellanditscolormatchesmytie,soitsuitsme.⑦Thecolorandstylesuitmebutthesizedoesn'tfitme.2．beconnectedwith与……有联系/关系(1)connectAwithB 把A和B联系起来connectAto/withB 把A连接到B(2)connectionn. 联系；关联；关系have(no)connectionwith 与……有(无)关系eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(inconnectionwith...,berelatedto...,havesomethingtodowith...)) 与……有关[多角练透]单句语法填空①Agoodstudentmustconnectwhathereadsto/withwhatheseesaroundhim.②Hedideverythingconnected(connect)withfarming.一句多译警方宣布他与这起抢劫案无关。③Thepoliceannouncedhehad_no_connection_withtherobbery.(connection)④Thepoliceannouncedhewas_not_connected_withtherobbery.(connect)⑤Thepoliceannouncedhewas_not_related_totherobbery.(relate)⑥Thepoliceannouncedhehad_nothing_to_do_withtherobbery.(havesomethingtodowith)[名师指津]表示两者之间有形的连接时，to和with都可以与connect连用；指“与……有联系；与……有关”时，后接with而不接to。3．becrazyabout迷恋becrazyfor 渴望……becrazytodosth. 做某事真是疯狂gocrazy 发疯likecrazy 疯狂地；拼命地drivesb.crazy 逼得某人发疯[多角练透]单句语法填空①Youmustbecrazyto_try(try)todrivehomeinthisweather.②Atonetimehewascrazyforacottageinthecountry.补全句子③Wehave_to_work_like_crazytogetthisfinishedontime.为了按时完成工作我们得拼命干了。④Turnthemusicdown;it's_driving_me_crazy.把音乐关小，它快把我逼疯了。4．祈使句＋or＋陈述句Go_to_bed_now_oryou'llbereallytiredtomorrow.现在上床睡觉吧，否则明天你会很累的。本句为“祈使句＋or＋陈述句”句型。祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句。(1)“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”表示祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关系。(2)“祈使句＋or/orelse/otherwise＋陈述句”相当于“if＋否定条件状语从句＋主句”。(3)“名词短语＋and＋陈述句”也有上述句式功能，名词词组中常含有more,another,further,earlier等词。①Followthepoliciesofthe19thCPCNationalCongress,andourgoalsareboundtobeachieved.只要按照中共十九大施政方针去做，我们的目标一定能实现。②Followyourteacher'sadvice,or/or_else/otherwiseyouwillfailintheexam.听从老师的建议，否则你就会考试不及格。③Morefinefood,and_you'll_be_healthier_and_healthier.多吃好的食品，你会越来越健康。考点新组合阅读微技能WeoftenseeTomplayingfootballontheplaygroundonSundays.LastSunday,whileplayingfootball❶，hesuddenlyfelldowntotheground,________(look)❷ingreatpain.Afterawhile,hetoldusthathewasinjured________❸thelegbutnothingveryserious.Butwewereanxiousabouttheinjuryandsenthimtohospital.1.①处为时间状语从句的省略句，其完整形式为：while_he_was_playing_football。2.②处应填入单词的正确形式为looking，在句中作伴随状语。3.③处应填介词in。5．painn．疼痛；痛苦；辛苦；努力havepains/apainin ……部位疼beinpain 在痛苦中；在苦恼中sparenopains 不遗余力，全力以赴takepainstodosth. 尽力/费苦心/下苦功做某事Nopains,nogains. 不劳无获。[多角练透]单句语法填空①Hehadnofoodorwaterandhewasinterriblepain.②Weshouldtakepainsto_improve(improve)ourselvesthroughlearningandgetpreparedforthefuture.补全句子③Weshould_spare_no_pains_to_constructwholeharmonioussociety.我们应该全力以赴构建全面和谐社会。[名师指津]pain指精神上的痛苦时为不可数名词；指肉体上的疼痛时，可数、不可数均可；指“辛苦、刻苦、努力”时，要用复数形式。6．injurevt.伤害；损害(1)be/getinjured 受伤(2)injuredadj. 受伤的；受委屈的theinjured 伤者；伤员(3)injuryn. 伤害；损伤；受伤处dosb.aninjury/doaninjurytosb. 伤害某人[题点全练]单句语法填空①Thesechemicalsefromtheinjured_(injure)partsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)②Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn'tbeenwearingone,Iwouldhave_been_injured(injure)．(2016·天津高考单选)③Aterribleaccidenthappenedatthecrossingandanambulancerushedtheinjuredtothehospital.④There'snodenyingthattheattackhasdoneasevereinjury(injure)tohisreputation.7．anxiousadj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的(1)be/beeanxiousfor/aboutsth. 为某事担心/担忧beanxious(forsb.)todosth. 渴望/急于(让某人)做某事(2)anxietyn. 焦虑；担心；渴望withanxiety＝anxiously 焦虑地；不安地[多角练透]单句语法填空①Sheisanxiousto_go(go)tocollegenow,butanxiousfor/aboutnotpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.②IwastoldtheLearningCenterprovideshelpforstudentsandI'manxiousto_get(get)helpfromyou.句型转换③Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,onlytofinditdidn'tfit.→Shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtrieditonwith_anxiety,_onlytofinditdidn'tfit.补全句子④WiththeCollegeEntranceExaminationapproaching,many_students_feel_stressedand_anxious.随着高考的临近，很多学生感到压抑和焦虑。[联想发散]beanxiousfor/todo...表示“渴望做某事”，表达此含义的短语还有longfor,begreedyfor,behungryfor,bedyingfor/todo...,bethirstyfor,bekeenon/todo...等。8．see＋宾语＋宾语补足语WhenZhouKai'smothersaw_him_headingtowardsthefrontdoorwithoutajacketon,sheeyedhimanxiously.周凯的妈妈看到他没有穿夹克衫就往前门走去时，她担心地盯着周凯。句中sawhimheading为“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。(1)seesb.dosth.“看见某人做了某事”，强调动作的全过程(2)seesb.doingsth.“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行(3)seesth.done“看见某事被做”，强调动作的被动和完成①Ifyouwatchlongenough,youwillseemanyproblemssettled(settle)inthisway.如果你观察的时间够长的话，就会看到许多问题是通过这种方式被解决的。②ItwasatthatpointthatIsaw_him_leavethebuilding.是在那个时刻我看到他离开大楼的。[名师指津](1)在变为被动语态时，seesb.dosth.应改为sb.beseentodosth.。(2)能接不带to的动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语的感官动词还有：feel,hear，observe，notice，watch等。③Hewasseento_leave(leave)afewminutesago.有人看到他几分钟前离开的。④Hewassonervousthathecouldhearhisheartbeating(beat)wildly.他如此紧张以至于能听到自己的心在狂跳。[单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Expertssaythesenaturaldisastersandwildweatherare_connected(connect)withhightemperatures.2．Agreatmanypeoplearecrazyaboutthisbook,regardlessoftheirnationality.3．LiHuasparednopainsto_make(make)suremystayinBeijingwasasfortableaspossible.4．Watchyourstepor/or_else/otherwiseyoumightfallintotheriver.5．Asalways,youshouldstretchatleasttenminutesbeforeeachruntopreventinjuries(injure)．6．Thatbottleofmilkisnotfitto_drink(drink)becauseitisoutofdate.7．Aseveryoneknows,improperdietwillmakepeopleunhealthy(health)．8．Lenalwaysseemstobeonadiet,whichdoesharmtohishealth.9．Manyyearsago,awealthy(wealth)oldmannamedJohnsonlivedaloneinavillageinthesouthofEngland.10．Ihadsomuchanxiety(anxious)thatIwouldwakeupinthemiddleofthenightandstareattheceiling.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Heraregoesoutforawalkandneverdoesanyshopping.rare→rarely2．Thisdressfitsforherinsizebutnotthecolor.去掉for3．Successfularethosewhoarewillingtotakepain.pain→pains4．Ithasbeenprovedthattakeexerciseregularlydoesgoodtoone'shealth.take→taking5．Johngotuplatethismorning.Thatisbecausehedidn'tcatchthefirstbus.because→why6．Theinjuredwasrushedtohospitalinanambulance.was→wereⅢ.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子1．她宁愿在网上买衣服，也不愿在商场买衣服。(wouldrather)Shewould_rather_buy_her_clothes_through_the_Internet_thaninthemall.2．这个运动员决定退出比赛。那是因为他的腿受伤了。(Thatisbecause...)Theathletedecidedtoquitthematch.That_is_because_his_leg_was_injured.3．我看见这个女孩面带笑容往学校图书馆走去。(see＋宾语＋宾语补足语)Isaw_the_girl_heading_towardstheschoollibrarywithasmileonherface.4．多加锻炼，保证足够的睡眠，你会感到放松和精力充沛。(祈使句＋or/and＋陈述句)Takemoreexerciseandhaveenoughsleep,and_you_will_feel_relaxed_and_energetic.5．据报道，政府今年会把更多的钱投入到教育上。(put...into...)It'sreportedthatthegovernmentwillput_more_money_into_education_this_year.Ⅳ.句型转换/一句多译1．Ifyoutryandliftthatsuitcase,itmaydoyouaninjury!→Ifyoutryandliftthatsuitcase,itmaydo_an_injury_toyou!2．Wemustdoourbesttofinishthetaskontime.→Wemustspare_no_painstofinishthetaskontime.3．Ifyoumakeonemoreeffort,you'llsucceed.→Make_one_more_effort,_andyou'llsucceed.→One_more_effort,_andyou'llsucceed.4．健康问题与不良的饮食习惯及缺少锻炼有关。①Health_problems_are_connected_with_bad_eating_habits_and_a_lack_of_exercise.(beconnectedwith)②Health_problems_are_related_to_bad_eating_habits_and_a_lack_of_exercise.(berelatedto)③Health_problems_have_something_to_do_with_bad_eating_habits_and_a_lack_of_exercise.(havesomethingtodowith)[高考拆组训练]阅读理解组块专练——练速度(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AStarPowerAlzheimer'sDisease(阿尔茨海默病)hasapowerfulinfluenceonAmericanfamiliesandourhealth.Andwomenareseriouslyinfluenced.Todaynearlytwo­thirdsofthosewithAlzheimer'sarewomenandmorethan70percentofAlzheimer'scaregiversarewomen.InpartnershipwiththeAlzheimer'sAssociation,IfoundedtheWipeOutAlzheimer'sChallenge.Ourmission(使命)istohelpwomenofallagestoraiseawarenessaboutthediseaseandraisemillionsofdollarstofundseriousresearchintowomen'sbrains.—MariaShriver,journalist,socialactivistAlzheimer'shasdamagedmyfamily.Mydad,myauntandmostrecentlymy65­year­oldbrotherallpassedawayafteryearsoflivingwiththehorrificeffectsofthedisease.IhavemadeitmymissiontoraiseawarenessaboutAlzheimer'sanywayIcan.Iwantpeopletoknowtheyarenotalone,andthereareplacestoturntoforassistance,liketheAlzheimer'sAssociation.Togetherweneedtoadvocateforadditionalfederalfunding,whichissurelylacking.—MeredithVieira,journalist,talkshowhostAftermymomsufferedfromAlzheimer's,IfeltveryalonebecausepeoplemyagedidnotunderstandwhatAlzheimer'swas,orthetrueinfluenceofthedisease.OnceSethRogenandIstartedtoshareourstory,itbecameclearthatwecouldcreateawarenessandbringyoungervoicestothecause,sowecreatedHilarityforCharityinpartnershipwiththeAlzheimer'sAssociation.We'resoproudtofundresearchandbringanewgenerationofadvocatestothecause.—LaurenMillerRogen,filmmakerandco­founderofHilarityforCharity语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。阿尔茨海默病别名老年痴呆症影响了很多家庭，因此不少有社会影响力的人士纷纷站出来提出自己的观点，以提高民众对该疾病的认识。1．WhatdoweknowaboutMeredithVieira?A．ShelostbothherparentstoAlzheimer's.B．ShefoundedtheAlzheimer'sAssociation.C．SheinterviewedmanypeoplewithAlzheimer's.D．ShecalledformorefederalfundingforAlzheimer's.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Togetherweneedtoadvocateforadditionalfederalfunding,whichissurelylacking.”可知，MeredithVieira呼吁联邦政府给阿尔茨海默病拨更多的款。2．WhywasHilarityforCharitycreated?A．Toraiseyoungpeople'sawarenessaboutAlzheimer's.B．TopreventthenewgenerationgettingAlzheimer's.C．TocollectmaterialforafilmaboutAlzheimer's.D．TosharestoriesrelatedtoAlzheimer's.解析：选A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“wecouldcreateawarenessandbringyoungervoicestothecause,sowecreatedHilarityforCharity...bringanewgenerationofadvocatestothecause”可知，HilarityforCharity是为了提高年轻一代对阿尔茨海默病的认识而创立的。3．WhostartedtheWipeOutAlzheimer'sChallenge?A．SethRogen.B．MeredithVieira.C．MariaShriver.D．LaurenMillerRogen.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“IfoundedtheWipeOutAlzheimer'sChallenge”可知，MariaShriver创立了该组织。BSomething'shappeningatthelowestpointonourplanet.TheDeadSea,asaltlakeborderedbyJordantotheeastandIsraelandPalestinetothewest,isshrinking(缩小)atanalarmingrate—about3.3feetperyear,accordingtotheenvironmentalistgroupEcoPeaceMiddleEast.Andhumanactionsarelargelytoblame.“It'snotjustlikeonecountryispunishingtheDeadSea;it'smorelikethewholearea，”saidphotographerMoritzKüstner,whovisitedtheareainFebruarytoworkonhisseries“TheDyingDeadSea.”TheDeadSeaneedswaterfromtheothernaturalsourcessurroundingit,suchastheJordanRiverbasin.Butaroundthe1960s,someofthewatersourcesitrelieduponwerediverted(使改道).Israel,forinstance,builtapipelineduringthattimesoitcouldsupplywaterthroughoutthecountry.Mineralextraction(开采)industriesareanothermainreasonthewaterlevelsarefalling,expertssay.TheDeadSea'smineralshavebeenusedasmedicineandcanoftenbefoundincosmetics(化妆品)andotherconsumerproducts.Andthen,ofcourse,there'stheMiddleEast'shot,dryclimate,whichmakesitdifficultforthelaketoreplenishitself.Lastyear,IsraelandJordansigneda＄900milliondealinanefforttokeeptheDeadSea'swaterlevelsstable.ItincludesbuildingacanalfromtheRedSeatotheDeadSeawhichwouldbeabletonotonlysupplewatertoIsraelandJordanbutalsotopumpwaterintotheDeadSea.Butfornow,KüstnershowsusthattheDeadSearemainsverymuchaplaceofinterest,withpeoplefromallovertheworldgoingtheretoswiminitssaltywaters.TheDeadSea,knownastheSaltSeainthelanguageofHebrew,isoneofthesaltiestbodiesofwaterintheworld.Andbecauseofwhathasbeenhappeningovertheyears,thesaltisonlygettingsaltier.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，根据中东环境问题专家的观察，死海的面积正在以惊人的速度缩小，本文分析了导致这一问题的原因。4．HowmanyreasonsfortheDeadSea'sshrinkingdoestheauthormentioninthetext?A．One. B．Two.C．Three. D．Four.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第四段中的“TheDeadSeaneedswaterfrom...someofthewatersourcesitrelieduponwerediverted(使改道)．”第五段中的“Mineralextraction(开采)industriesareanothermainreasonthewaterlevelsarefalling”及第六段中的“theMiddleEast'shot,dryclimate”可知，死海面积缩小有三个原因：源头减少、矿物开采和中东炎热干燥的气候。5．WhatcanwelearnabouttheDeadSea'sminerals?A．Theyhavepracticalvalue.B．TheyarecontrolledbyIsrael.C．Theycanbeextractedveryeasily.D．Theyaremainlyusedinheavyindustry.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句可知，死海中的矿物质可以用作药物，也可以用来制作化妆品和其他消费品，因此说这些矿物质具有实用价值。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“replenish”inParagraph6probablymean?A．Tocleansomething.B．Toimprovesomething.C．Tofillsomethingagain.D．Tofindsomethingagain.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第六段语境可知，中东炎热干燥的环境导致死海很难自行“恢复和补充”水分。7．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．WhatweshoulddotosavetheDeadSeaB．MorepeopletraveltotheDeadSeaC．WhytheDeadSeaissaltyD．TheDeadSeaisdryingout解析：选D标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要告诉我们死海面积正在以惊人的速度缩小，而且分析了导致这一问题的原因，故D项为本文最佳标题。CKruberaCaveinthewesternCaucasusMountainsisthedeepestknowncaveintheworld.AninternationalteampreparedtodescendintoKrubera.Theteammembershopedtobethefirstcaverstoreachadepthof2,000meters,broughtfivetonsofequipmentandothernecessitieswiththem,andestablishedcampsatkeylocationsalongtheroute.Theyworkedforupto20hourseachday.Inthethirdweek,progresswasblockedat1,775metersbyasump—acavepassagefilledwithwaterthatgivescaversfewoptions.Therearebasicallythreetechniquesavailable:divethroughit,emptyit,orgoaroundit.GennadiySamokhindovetothebottombutwasdisappointed.“Nochancetogetthrough，”hesaid.Searchingforawayaroundthesump,GarciaDilsriskedenteringawaterfallofnearfreezingwateranddiscoveredthathisdrysuithadholesinit.“ThewaterwassocoldIlostthefeelinginmyfingers，”hesaidlater.He,too,wasunsuccessful.Finally,twoteammatesfoundawayaroundthesumpthroughatightpassagetheycalledtheWaytotheDream.Theteamwasexhilarated.Thepassageledtoyetanothersumpat1,840meters.Afterashorttestdive,Samokhinemerged,smiling.Therewasapromisingpassage,hereported.Butitwouldhavetowait.Afternearlyfourweeks,withsuppliesrunninglow,theteamhadrunoutoftimeandwouldhavetoreturntothesurface.Fourweekslater,ateamofnineUkrainiancaversledbyYuriKasjanwentbacktoKrubera.Followingthepathopenedbythepreviousteam,theyreachedthesumpat1,840metersrelativelyquickly.Aftermuchsearching,apit(坑),laternamedtheMillenniumPit,wasdiscoveredthatallowedthemtopassthe2,000meterdepth.Morepitsandpassagesledthemto2,080meters,aspottheynamedGameOver.Butthecavinggameisneverover.Deepercaveswillprobablycontinuetobediscoveredandcallouttobeexplored.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了探察洞穴者对世界上最深的洞穴——库鲁伯亚拉洞穴进行探索的过程。8．Whydidtheteamreturntothesurfaceafternearlyfourweeks?A．Theywerelackinginsupplies.B．Theyhadachievedtheirgoal.C．Theycouldn'tgothroughthesump.D．TheygavetheirtasktoYuriKasjan'steam.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Afternearlyfourweeks,withsuppliesrunninglow,theteamhadrunoutoftimeandwouldhavetoreturntothesurface.”可知，因为物资逐渐短缺，探察洞穴者才被迫返回地面。9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exhilarated”probablymean?A．Cheerful. B．Powerful.C．Confused. D．Exhausted.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“twoteammatesfoundawayaroundthesumpthroughatightpassagetheycalledtheWaytotheDream”可知，两名队员找到了通过水坑的通道，所以他们很高兴，故选A。10．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．GameOverwasdiscoveredat2,000meters.B．TheWaytotheDreambeginsat1,840meters.C．TheMillenniumPitpassedthe2,080meterdepth.D．Samokhinfoundawayaroundasumpat1,775meters.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“progresswasblockedat1,775metersbyasump”以及第三段中的“twoteammatesfoundawayaroundthesumpthroughatightpassage”可知，格纳迪夫·萨莫欣在1775米处找到了绕过水坑的通道。11．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．ThefeaturesofKruberaCave.B．Famouscavesaroundtheworld.C．AjourneyofexploringKruberaCave.D．TheimportanceofexploringKruberaCave.解析：选C主旨大意题。本文讲述了探察洞穴者对世界上最深的洞穴——库鲁伯亚拉洞穴进行探索的过程，故选C。DAccordingtoarecentstudypublishedinJournalofConsumerResearch,manypeoplebelievethathealthyfoodmustbemoreexpensivethanunhealthyfood.Infact,thestudy'sresearchersfoundthatahighpricetagwillevenconvinceconsumersthatacertainfoodishealthful.AccordingtoRebeccaReczek,co­authorofthestudy,thepurposeofthestudywastoexaminea_popular_belief.Sometimesthebeliefcanbetrue:Organicproduceandwild­caughtseafoodtypicallycostmoremoney.Butothertimes,thenutritionalvalueoffoodranksallthesame.Inoneexperiment,Reczek'steamgaveagroupofparticipantsanewfoodproductcalled“granolabites”.Someparticipantsweretoldtheproductwasveryhealthy.Otherparticipantsweretoldthebiteshadlittlenutritionalvalue.Participantswhoweretoldthegranolabitesweregoodforthemratedthesnackasmoreexpensivethantheparticipantswhothoughtthebiteswereunhealthy.Inanotherexperiment,participantsweregivenahealthfoodbarlabeledas“thehealthiestproteinbarontheplanet”.Someparticipantsweretoldthebarcostjust＄0.99,othersweretoldthebarwas＄4.Andhere'swhathappened:Thepeoplewhoweregiventhe“cheaper”barneededtoreadalotmorereviewsabouttheproductwhenitwaspricedatalowerpricepointinordertotrustthatitwashealthy.Theideathatweallbelievehealthyfoodneedstobemoreexpensiveworksagainstus.Allfoodpaniesneedtodoispushupthepricetoconvinceus.ButReczeksaid,“Whenweshop,wedon'thavetobeledastray.Wecanparenutritionlabelsandwecandoresearchbeforewegotothegrocerystore.Wecanusefactsratherthanourintuition(直觉)”．语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，人们认为越贵的食物营养价值就越高，这种想法很容易被商家利用。12．Whatdoes“apopularbelief”underlinedinParagraph2referto?A．Thatpeopleshouldeathealthyfood.B．Thatorganicproduceisreallyhealthyforus.C．Thatthenutritionalvalueoffoodisn'tthesame.D．Thateatinghealthyfoodmeansspendingmoremoney.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“manypeoplebelievethathealthyfoodmustbemoreexpensivethanunhealthyfood”以及第二段中的“Sometimesthebeliefcanbetrue:Organicproduceandwild­caughtseafoodtypicallycostmoremoney.Butothertimes,thenutritionalvalueoffoodranksallthesame.”可知，这个很普遍的观点就是：越贵的食物营养价值就越高。13．Whydidsomeparticipantsregardthegranolabitesasmoreexpensive?A．Becausetheyknewtheyhadhighnutritionalvalue.B．Becausetheyhadbeentoldaboutthepriceofthem.C．Becausetheyknewtheywereanewfoodproduct.D．Becausetheyconsideredthemorganicfood.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Participantswhoweretoldthegranolabitesweregoodforthemratedthesnackasmoreexpensivethantheparticipantswhothoughtthebiteswereunhealthy.”可知，他们认为这种食物价格更高是因为他们被告知这种食物对他们健康有益，即营养价值高。14．Howdidsomeparticipantsreactwhenhearingthebarcost＄0.99?