四川省自贡市第一中学2022-2023学年高一下学期6月月考英语试题

自贡一中高一年级下学期6月月考英语试卷(试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟)注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦于净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wherearethespeakers?A.InaTVstudio.B.Inatravelagency.C.Inahotel.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’sdress?A.Cheap.B.Beautiful.C.Unique.3.WhichsubjectdidTomdobestin?A.Chinese.B.Math.C.English.4.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Readtheschoolmagazine.B.Helphimwithanarticle.C.Jointheschoolband.5.Whendoesthewomanusuallydothecleaning?A.OnSaturdaymornings.B.OnSaturdayevenings.C.OnSundays.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟:听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话,回答第6和第7小题。6.Whatisthewomandoing?A.plainingaboutthedelay.B.Doingasurveyonairports.C.Askingforinformation.7.Whichofthefollowingplacesopensat10:00?A.Therestaurant.B.Thedutyfreeshop.C.Thecurrencyexchangeoffice.听下面一段对话,回答第8和第9小题。8.Whatisplayingontheradiostationnow?A.mercials.B.Atalkshow.C.Amusicprogram.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hehatestospendmuchtimeonnews.B.Heprefersdetailednewsstories.C.Heoftenlistenstonewsbroadcasts.听下面一段对话,回答第10至第12小题。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Familylife.B.Aweekendplan.C.Theirnewhobbies.11.Whatdothechildrenliketodonow?A.Playwiththeirfriends.B.Stayathomewithparents.C.Spendmoretimeonmovies.12.Wheredoesthewomansuggesthavingfunnextweekend?A.Inthepark.B.Inthecinema.C.Atherhome.听下面一段对话,回答第13至第16小题。13.Whatisgreatlyvaluedinthepany?A.Employees’qualities.B.Employees’appearances.C.Employees’physicalconditions.14.Whatdoesthemanneedtodobeforework?A.Studythepoliciesandpractices.B.Listentocustomers’concerns.C.Haveamedicalexamination.15.Whatisunnecessaryfortheman?A.Buyinganinsurance.B.Beingontimeforwork.C.Workingonweekends.16.Whatwillthemando?A.Goonhisquestions.B.Expectthewoman’sreply.C.Writedownpersonalinformation.听下面一段独白,回答第17至第20小题。17.WhenwillIt’sMyOpinionbebroadcast?A.At8:30.B.At10:30.C.At11:30.18.WhatsongswillbebroadcastonRadio3?A.Americansongs.B.Braziliansongs.C.Italiansongs.19.What’stheprogramaboutonRadio2?A.Music.B.Sports.C.News.20.WherecantheaudienceenjoytheLondonPopSpectacular?A.OnRadio4.B.OnRadio3.C.OnRadio1.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AInthispost,we’llintroducesometoproboticspetitionsopentohighschoolers.Keepreadingtolearnmore.BotballEducationalRoboticsProgramLevel:RegionalandnationalpetitionsavailableGrades:9th,10th.11th,12thOveraperiodofaboutsevenweeks,studentslearntocode(编程)anddevelopplexstrategiestouseartificialintelligence.Thisallowsthemtocreateanautonomousrobottogetherthatpetesinanannualgamechallengingagainstotherteamsinpetitionsatvariouslevelsacrossthecountry.FIRST:RoboticspetitionLevel:Local,regionalandnationalpetitionsavailableGrades:9th,10th,11th,12thTeamsworktogetherwithprofessionalteacherstodesign,assemble(装配),andtestanindustrialsizedrobot.Therobotthenpetesinaheadtoheadfieldgameagainstotherteams.RoboGamesLevel:InternationalGrades:AllagesandbackgroundsThisselfclaimed“Olympicsofrobots”andcurrentlargestopenrobotpetitionchallengesparticipantsinawidevarietyofeventstodisplayvariousskills.Amateurs,professionals,youngandoldalikeareinvitedtoparticipatewiththegoalofwinningprizes,expandingeducationalservice,andrecognizingrobotbuildersinthepubliceye.ZeroRoboticsHighSchoolTournamentLevel:International,includingtheU.S.andmembercountriesoftheEuropeanSpaceAgencyGrades:9th,10th,11th,12thThisfascinatingpetitionbeginswithrobotscalledSPHERESinsidetheInternationalSpaceStation.Thefirstphaseofthepetitionisentirelyonline,inwhichpetitorscodetheSPHEREStomeetayearlychallenge.Finalistspeteinperson,onboardtheInternationalSpaceStation,conductedliveinmicrogravitybyarealastronaut!1.Whatdothefirstandsecondroboticspetitionshaveinmon?A.Teamworkisamustinpetitions.B.Theyhavethesamegoalsandrules.C.Therobotistestedbeforepetitions.D.Theyarepletelyofthesamelevel.2.Whichofthepetitionshasnoagelimitation?A.BotballEducationalRoboticsProgram. B.FIRST:Roboticspetition.C.RoboGames. D.ZeroRoboticsHighSchoolTournament.3.WhatcanwelearnaboutZeroRoboticsHighSchoolTournament?A.ItisheldbytheEuropeanSpaceAgency.B.Itisalocalroboticspetition.C.Thewholepetitionisconductedonline.D.ThefinalpetitionisheldattheInternationalSpaceStation.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个对高中生开放的顶级机器人比赛。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据BotballEducationalRoboticsProgram部分中的“Thisallowsthemtocreateanautonomousrobottogetherthatpetesinanannualgamechallengingagainstotherteamsinpetitionsatvariouslevelsacrossthecountry.”（这使他们能够共同创造一个自动机器人，参加一年一度的比赛，在全国不同级别的比赛中与其他团队竞争。）和FIRST:Roboticspetition部分中的“Teamsworktogetherwithprofessionalteacherstodesign,assemble(装配),andtestanindustrialsizedrobotTherobotthenpetesinaheadtoheadfieldgameagainstotherteams.”（团队与专业教师一起设计、组装和测试工业大小的机器人，然后与其他团队进行面对面的比赛。）可知，这两个机器人比赛都是必须由团队成员一起合作来完成的。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据RoboGames部分中的“Grades:Allagesandbackgrounds”（年级:所有年龄和背景）可知，RoboGames是没有年龄限制的。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Finalistspeteinperson,onboardtheInternationalSpaceStation,conductedliveinmicrogravitybyarealastronaut!”（决赛选手将在国际空间站上亲自参加比赛，由一名真正的宇航员在微重力环境下现场指导！）可知，在ZeroRobotics高中锦标赛中，决赛是在国际空间站举行。故选D。BAnembroidered(刺绣的)butterflymadebyLiangZhongmeiissolifelikethatitcouldeasilybemistakenfortherealthing.Itlooksasifitcouldflapitscolorfulwingsandflyfreefromitswhiteclothbackground.This55yearoldembroidererfromGuizhouProvincewasborninaclosedandunderdevelopedvillagedeepinthemountains,wheremostresidentslivebyfarmingorasmigrantworkers.Losingherleftarmataveryyoungagemeantshecouldnotfeedherself,butsherefusedtobeedownhearted,andlearnedembroideryfromhermotherdiligentlyanddeterminedly.Afterproducingseveralworksfeaturingbutterfliesandgoldfish,shewonmanynationalprofessionalskillsawardsin2011amongpeoplewithdisabilities.In2012,sheopenedherworkshop,withembroiderersputtingtheirdesignsontheshelvestoselltolocals,butbusinesswaspoor.However,Liang’scareerprosperedafteranonlinemercialorder.Now,clothes,ties,paintingsandhandicraftsproducedbytheworkshoparesoldtoconsumersworldwideviaemerceplatforms,withprofitreachingfrom300,000yuanto500,000yuanannually.Asthenumberofordersrose,Liangemployedmoreworkers,offeringjobstomorethan100femaleembroiderersintheneighborhood.Shehasalsoorganizedtrainingcoursesforjoblesswomen.“Thankstotheonlinebuyers,ourproductssellwell,whichhaschangedourlivesandbroughtusineanddignity,”Liangsaid.WangDanqing,anonlineseller,hasworkedwithLiang’steamsince2015.Shesaid,“Manyyoungconsumerspreferproductswithculturalelementsandpersonalappeal.Onlybybiningembroidereddesignswithmodernlifecanculturalheritagebeseen,loved,protectedandpasseddown.”4.WhatdoweknowaboutLiangZhongmei?A.Shemadeafortunewhenherbusinessbegan.B.Shebecameworldfamousafterwinningawards.C.Shewasstrongwilledwhilelearningembroidery.D.Shewasbroughtupinawelloffenvironment.5.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwordinparagraph4?A.tookoff. B.wentwrong.C.heldsteady. D.brokedown.6.WhatcanwelearnfromWangDanqing’swords?A.Newdesignsneedtobeintegratedintotheproducts.B.Expandingtherangeofproductsalesonlineiscrucial.C.ItisLiang’sdutytopassontheembroideredtechnique.D.Productswithpersonalelementsarefavoredbytheyouth.7.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.OnlineshoppinggainspopularityinChina.B.Youngpeopletakeagreatinterestinembroidery.C.Liangbecameanexpertinembroiderydespiteherdisability.D.DisabledLiangachievedsuccessbytradingembroideryonline.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述手臂残疾的梁忠美从小坚定不移地学习刺绣，并通过在网上交易刺绣获得了成功。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Losingherleftarmataveryyoungagemeantshecouldnotfeedherself,butsherefusedtobeedownhearted,andlearnedembroideryfromhermotherdiligentlyanddeterminedly.(很小的时候就失去了左臂，这意味着她不能养活自己，但她不灰心，她勤奋而坚定地向母亲学习刺绣)”可知，梁忠美学习刺绣时意志非常坚定。故选C。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段的“Now,clothes,ties,paintingsandhandicraftsproducedbytheworkshoparesoldtoconsumersworldwideviaemerceplatforms,withprofitreachingfrom300,000yuanto500,000yuanannually.(现在，车间生产的衣服、领带、绘画和手工艺品通过电子商务平台销售给全球消费者，年利润达到30万至50万元不等)”可知，开始接受网上订单后，梁忠美的事业开始蓬勃发展。因此猜测，划线词prospered意为“蓬勃发展”，与takeoff同义。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的““Manyyoungconsumerspreferproductswithculturalelementsandpersonalappeal.Onlybybiningembroidereddesignswithmodernlifecanculturalheritagebeseen,loved,protectedandpasseddown.(许多年轻消费者更喜欢具有文化元素和个人吸引力的产品。只有将刺绣设计与现代生活结合起来，才能让文化遗产被人看到、被人喜爱、被人保护、被人传承)”可知，WangDanqing认为带有个人特色的产品受到年轻人的喜欢。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文并结合第二段的“Losingherleftarmataveryyoungagemeantshecouldnotfeedherself,butsherefusedtobeedownhearted,andlearnedembroideryfromhermotherdiligentlyanddeterminedly.(很小的时候就失去了左臂，这意味着她不能养活自己，但她不灰心，她勤奋而坚定地向母亲学习刺绣)”以及第四段的“Now,clothes,ties,paintingsandhandicraftsproducedbytheworkshoparesoldtoconsumersworldwideviaemerceplatforms,withprofitreachingfrom300,000yuanto500,000yuanannually.(现在，车间生产的衣服、领带、绘画和手工艺品通过电子商务平台销售给全球消费者，年利润达到30万至50万元不等)”可知，文章主要讲述手臂残疾的梁忠美从小坚定不移地学习刺绣，并通过在网上交易刺绣获得了成功。故选D。CHarvestingfruitisaverypreciseoperation.Thefruitmustbepickedwhenitisperfectlyripe.Butwithpickersinshortsupplyinrecentyears.growersneededtoquicklyfindanotherwaytoharvesttheircrops.TevelAeroboticsTechnologiescametothefarmers’rescuewiththeFlyingAutonomousRobots(FARs)thatcanhelppickfruit.“Notfindingenoughfruitpickersiseveryfarmer’sbiggestconcern,”YanivMaor,Tevel’sfounderandCEOsaid.Askanyfarmer,anywhereintheworldandthey’lltellyoutheydon’thavethepeople.Foodconsumptionisincreasing,butlaboravailability(劳动力可用性)isdecreasing.Ifpickersarenotavailable.fruitwillgobadonthetrees.Theflyingrobotswillworkdayandnightinalmostanyweather,withouttakingabreak,topickasmuchripefruitaspossible.MaorsetupTevelin2017anddevelopedthetechnologyafterseeingyoungIsraelispickfruitandgettiredafterafewhours.Herealizedthattherehadtobeabetterway,sohebegandevelopingthesoftwareandartificialintelligence(AI)thatareneededforthesmartrobotpickers.“Wehavetoteachtherobotsaboutthestructureofeachfruithowtoaccessthefruitandhowtorotate(转动)itanddisconnectitfromthetree,”Maorsaid.Theflyingrobotscircleroundtreesandpickonlytheripeoneswithatwist(扭动)oftheirintegratedgrasperarms.TherobotsarefittedwithcamerasthatUSCAItoassessthesizeandcolorofthefruitsothatonlytheripeonesarepicked.Thecamerasalsoensurethattherobots’pathsarenotblocked.TherobotsarccurrentlypickingAsianpearsinIsrael.In2022,theFARswereusedinpilotprogramsinItalytopickpeachesandotherfruits,aswellasintheUS.Theyarenotareplacementforlabor,instead,theyareasolutionfortheinadequatehumanpickers.Inthefuturefewerpeoplewillworkinpickingandmorewillworkinmanagingtherobots,analyzingthedataandmakingdecisions.8.WhyaretheFARsdeveloped?A.Tomeettheshortageofpickerstopickfruit.B.ToimprovethesoftwareandAIforsmartrobots.C.Tohelpfarmerskeepthefruitinperfectcondition.D.Torelievefarmersfromthetirednessofpickingfruit.9.Whatcanweinferfromparagraphs2and3?A.MaordevelopedtheFARsoutofcuriosity.B.TheFARscanproducemorefruitforfoodconsumption.C.Laborshortageisanurgentproblemineverycountry.D.TheFARscanworkwithoutstopinalmostanyweather.10.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Howtherobotswork. B.Whattherobotsconsistof.CWhytherobotsareuseful. D.Wheretherobotsareused.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheFARs?A.Doubtful. B.Positive.C.Worried. D.Unclear.【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们利用飞行机器人采摘水果来解决劳动力短缺问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Butwithpickersinshortsupplyinrecentyears.growersneededtoquicklyfindanotherwaytoharvesttheircrops.TevelAeroboticsTechnologiescametothefarmers’rescuewiththeFlyingAutonomousRobots(FARs)thatcanhelppickfruit.”（但近年来采摘机供不应求。种植者需要迅速找到另一种收割作物的方法。TevelAeroboticsTechnologies公司推出了自动飞行机器人(FARs)，可以帮助农民采摘水果。）可知，开发飞行机器人是为了满足采摘人员采摘水果的短缺。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Theflyingrobotswillworkdayandnightinalmostanyweather,withouttakingabreak,topickasmuchripefruitaspossible.”（这些飞行机器人将在几乎任何天气下不分昼夜地工作，不间断地采摘尽可能多的成熟水果。）可推知，飞行机器人几乎可以在任何天气下不间断地工作。故选D项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Theflyingrobotscircleroundtreesandpickonlytheripeoneswithatwist(扭动)oftheirintegratedgrasperarms.TherobotsarefittedwithcamerasthatUSCAItoassessthesizeandcolorofthefruitsothatonlytheripeonesarepicked.Thecamerasalsoensurethattherobots’pathsarenotblocked.”（飞行机器人绕着树转，用集成的抓取臂旋转，只采摘成熟的树。这些机器人配备了南加州大学人工智能(USCAI)的摄像头，可以评估水果的大小和颜色，以便只采摘成熟的水果。摄像头还可以确保机器人的路径不被阻塞。）可知，第四段主要讲了机器人是如何工作的。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Theyarenotareplacementforlabor,instead,theyareasolutionfortheinadequatehumanpickers.Inthefuturefewerpeoplewillworkinpickingandmorewillworkinmanagingtherobots,analyzingthedataandmakingdecisions.”（它们不是劳动力的替代品，相反，它们是人类采摘能力不足的解决方案。在未来，更少的人将从事采摘工作，更多的人将从事管理机器人、分析数据和做出决策的工作。）可推知，作者对飞行机器人的态度是肯定积极的。故选B项。DTouristsvisitingLaGomeraandEIHierrointheCanaryIslandscanoftenhearlocalsmunicatingoverlongdistancesbywhistlingnotatune,buttheSpanishlanguage.ThelocalsaremunicatinginSilbo,awhistledSpanishlanguage.Whistledlanguagesarealmostdevelopedinrough,mountainousregionsorinthickforest.That’sbecausewhistledspeechcarriesmuchfartherthanordinaryspeechorshouting.Asaresult,whistledspeechcanbeunderstoodupto10timesasfarawayasordinaryshouting.Thatletspeoplemunicateevenwhentheycannoteasilyapproachcloseenoughtoshout.OnLaGomera,forexample,afewtraditionalshepherds(牧羊人)stillwhistletooneanotheracrossmountainvalleysthatcouldtakehourstocross.Whistledlanguagesworkbecausemanyofthekeyelementsofspeechcanbeproducedinawhistle,saysMeyer.Wedistinguish(区分)onespeechsoundfromanotherbysmalldifferencesintheirsoundfrequencypatterns.Alonge,forexample,isformedhigherinthemouththanalongo,givingitahighersound.Tolanguagescientists,suchlanguagesaremorethanjustacuriosity.Bystudyingwhistledlanguages,theyhopetolearnmoreabouthowourbrainsgetmeaningfromtheplexsoundpatternsofspeech.Whistlingmayevenprovideachancetoknowoneofthemostdramaticjumpforwardinhumanevolution(进化):theoriginoflanguageitself.Despitetheirinteresttobothlanguageexpertsandcasualobservers,whistledlanguagesaredisappearingrapidlyallovertheworld,andsome,suchasthewhistledformoftheTepehualanguageinMexico,havealreadydisappeared.“...nowyoustillfindwhistledspeechonlyinplacesthatarevery,veryremote,thathavehadlesscontactwithmodernityandlessaccesstoroads,”Meyersays.Fortunately,thereisstillhope.UNESCO,theUNculturalorganization,haslistedtwowhistledlanguages,Silbo,andawhistledTurkish,astheworld’sculturalheritage.Suchattentioncanleadtoconservationefforts.12.Whatledtothedevelopmentofwhistledlanguages?A.Geographicinaccessibility. B.Rapidincreaseintourism.C.Greaterinformationcapacity. D.Interestoflanguageexperts.13.Whyarealong“e”andalong“o”mentionedinparagraph3?A.Toshowwhatkeyelementsspeechhas.B.Toexplainthedifferencesbetweenspeechsoundfrequencypatterns.C.Toprovethepopularityofwhistledlanguageintheworld.D.Toparewhistledlanguagesandordinarylanguages.14.WhatmightbeareasonforthedisappearanceofwhistledlanguagesaccordingtoMeyer?A.Constructionofcities. B.Lackofattention.C.Expansionofothercultures. D.Modernization.15.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyPeopleUsedWhistledLanguages B.WhenWhistlesLanguagesDisappearedC.HowWhistledLanguagesDeveloped D.WhyWhistledLanguagesMatter【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍口哨语言的优势，特征，形成的原因和现状。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Whistledlanguagesarealmostdevelopedinrough,mountainousregionsorinthickforest.That’sbecausewhistledspeechcarriesmuchfartherthanordinaryspeechorshouting.Asaresult,whistledspeechcanbeunderstoodupto10timesasfarawayasordinaryshouting.Thatletspeoplemunicateevenwhentheycannoteasilyapproachcloseenoughtoshout.(口哨几乎是在粗糙的山区或茂密的森林中发展起来的。这是因为吹口哨的讲话比普通的讲话或叫喊要远得多。因此，吹口哨讲话的理解力是普通叫喊的10倍。这让人们即使在无法轻易靠近大喊大叫的情况下也能进行交流。)”可知，人们在沟通时，地理位置的不便促进了口哨语言的发展。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Wedistinguish(区分)onespeechsoundfromanotherbysmalldifferencesintheirsoundfrequencypatterns.Alonge,forexample,isformedhigherinthemouththanalongo,givingitahighersound.(我们通过声音频率模式的微小差异来区分一种语音和另一种语音。例如，长e在口腔中形成的位置比沿着o的位置高，从而发出更高的声音。)”可知，文中提到长e和o是为了证明声音频率模式的不同。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段““...nowyoustillfindwhistledspeechonlyinplacesthatarevery,veryremote,thathavehadlesscontactwithmodernityandlessaccesstoroads,”Meyersays.(迈耶说：“……现在，你仍然只能在非常、非常偏远的地方发现吹口哨的情况，这些地方与现代性的接触较少，道路也较少。”)”可知，在迈耶看来，现代化是口哨语言消失的原因。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Whistledlanguagesarealmostdevelopedinrough,mountainousregionsorinthickforest.That’sbecausewhistledspeechcarriesmuchfartherthanordinaryspeechorshouting.(口哨几乎是在粗糙的山区或茂密的森林中发展起来的。这是因为吹口哨的讲话比普通的讲话或叫喊要远得多。)”和第五段““...nowyoustillfindwhistledspeechonlyinplacesthatarevery,veryremote,thathavehadlesscontactwithmodernityandlessaccesstoroads,”Meyersays.(迈耶说：“……现在，你仍然只能在非常、非常偏远的地方发现吹口哨的情况，这些地方与现代性的接触较少，道路也较少。”)”可知，这篇文章讲述了口哨语言从发展起来到如今衰落，由此可知，文章主要介绍口哨语言的发展。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itisoftenaplexandtiringtasktoliveahealthylife,butthatisn’talwaysthecase.___16___It’stimetochangetheclassroomenvironmentforthehealthofthechildren.___17___It’snotsurprisingthatsittingforlongasachildisassociatedwithhealthproblemsasanadult.Fortunately,there’sasimple,overlookedsolutiontotheseproblems—standingclassrooms.Overthelastfewyears,anumberofstudieshaveshownthatthebenefitsoftheincreasedrangeofmovementstudentsexperiencewhenusingstandingdesksaresurprisinglybroad.___18___Besides,standingdesksencouragehigherlevelsofteamworkandparticipationamongstudents.Standingdesksalsohelptoreducetheriskofsomediseases.Theycanhelptopreventfatness,heartdiseaseandlowspirits.Sedentary(久坐的)lifestylesareamajorreasonwhyteenagerssufferfrompoormentalhealth,whilehigheractivitylevelsreducethechancesofachildexperiencingsuchanillness.Thebenefitsofbringingstandingdesksintoclassroomsareobvious.___19___Otherwisetheywilllikelyhurttheirmuscleswhenstandingforalongtime.Standingdesksusuallyofferafullrangeofmotion,whichincludestheoptiontositorlean(倾斜身体)withoutlosingeyeleveloftherestoftheclass,andthatfullrangeofmotionisimportant.Sittingisn’thorrible.Itisn’tathingweshouldneverdo.Theproblemisthatwedoittoomuch,andsodoourchildren,whichmakeschildrenlesslikelytosucceedandkeephealthy.___20___AItistimeforustostanduptostayhealthy.B.Butitisimportantforchildrentousethemgradually.C.Childrenspendmostoftheirschooldaysittingatdesks.D.Thusit’snecessarytobreakupthesittingwithstandingdesks.E.Somethingascheapasadeskcouldbemakingamajordifference.F.Rightnowthereissomethingwecandoeasilytokeepourchildrenhealthy.G.Forexample,theyhelpstudentskeepfitandavoidputtingontoomuchweight.【答案】16.F17.C18.G19.B20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了久坐带来的健康隐患和采用站立式课桌对学生的健康的好处。【16题详解】上文“Itisoftenaplexandtiringtasktoliveahealthylife,butthatisn’talwaysthecase.(过健康的生活通常是一项复杂而累人的任务，但事实并非总是如此)”以及下文“It’stimetochangetheclassroomenvironmentforthehealthofthechildren.(为了孩子们的健康，是时候改变课堂环境了)”说明为了孩子们的健康，需要改变课堂环境，而且这并不一定是复杂且累人的，F项“现在，我们可以很容易地做一些事情来保持孩子的健康。”承上启下，符合题意。故选F。【17题详解】根据下文“It’snotsurprisingthatsittingforlongasachildisassociatedwithhealthproblemsasanadult.(孩子久坐与成年时的健康问题有关，这并不奇怪)”可知，孩子成年时有健康问题并不奇怪。由此推知，空处陈述这种问题不奇怪的原因。C项“孩子们一天中的大部分时间都坐在书桌前。”引出下文，符合题意，sittingatdesks是关键词故选C。18题详解】上文“Overthelastfewyears,anumberofstudieshaveshownthatthebenefitsoftheincreasedrangeofmovementstudentsexperiencewhenusingstandingdesksaresurprisinglybroad.(在过去的几年里，许多研究表明，学生在使用站立式课桌时，活动范围的增加所带来的好处惊人的多)”说明学生使用站立式课桌有好处，G项“例如，他们帮助学生保持健康，避免体重过大”举例说明使用站立式课桌的好处，承接上文，符合题意。故选G。【19题详解】上文“Thebenefitsofbringingstandingdesksintoclassroomsareobvious.(将站立式课桌引入教室的好处是显而易见的)”以及下文“Otherwisetheywilllikelyhurttheirmuscleswhenstandingforalongtime.(否则，当他们长时间站立时，很可能会损伤他们的肌肉)”说明站立式课桌有好处，但长时间站立可能损伤孩子们的肌肉，B项“但对孩子们来说，逐渐使用它们是很重要的。”承上启下，说明要让孩子们逐渐使用站立式课桌，符合题意。故选B。【20题详解】上文“Sittingisn’thorrible.Itisn’tathingweshouldneverdo.Theproblemisthatwedoittoomuch,andsodoourchildren,whichmakeschildrenlesslikelytosucceedandkeephealthy.(坐着并不可怕。这不是一件我们永远不应该做的事情。问题是我们坐得太多了，我们的孩子也是，这会降低孩子成功和保持健康的可能性)”说明久坐的坏处，D项“因此有必要用站立式课桌把坐分散开来。”说明解决方法，承接上文，符合题意。故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ToddandDonnawokeupearlyonedaytotakepicturesofthesunrise.Whilewalkingalongtheshorelineandenjoyingthesights,Toddsuddenly____21____down.Donnathoughtherhusbandwas____22____.However,shequicklyrealizedthiswasnolaughingmatter.Todd’sheartstoppedbeatingandheturned____23____.Immediatelyshescreamedforhelp.TylerVolpe,a____24____,wasinthewaterwhenToddcamedown.Volpeisalsoaphysicianassistant.HeheardDonna’scriesforhelp.“Iknewitwasn’ta____25____scream,”hesaid.“Icameflyingoutofthewater.”Volpestartedchestpression(按压)whileRoy,anothersurfer,breathedintoTodd’smouth.Then,theyswitched____26____witheachother.“Ireallythoughthewas____27____,”Donnasaid.AsRoyandVolpecontinuedCPR,Toddbreathed____28____afewtimes.Thetidewasstartingtoein.Othersurfersusedtheirboardstoforma____29____betweentherescueeffortandthewater.“Theykepthim____30____untiltheambulancegotthere,”Donnasaid.“Itcouldhavebeentwominutesor10days.Iwaswatchingmylife____31____withhis.”Doctorsusedadefibrillator(除颤器)toshockhisheartand____32____hisheartbeat.Onthesecondshock,heregainedhisfeel.ToddandDonnaplannedtodrivebackhometoNewJerseythatmorning,butdecidedtofirsttakeawalkonthebeach.“Itisluckywedidn’t____33____becauseitwouldhavehappenedwhileweweredrivinghome,”Donnasaid.Donna____34____amessageaskingifanyoneknewthesurferswhohelpedherhusband—theywantedto____35____them.21.A.fell B.sat C.took D.broke22.A.sleeping B.lying C.joking D.thinking23.A.red B.blue C.green D.orange24.A.worker B.doctor C.reporter D.surfer25.A.loud B.normal C.sudden D.lasting26.A.positions B.cloths C.boards D.apartments27.A.cold B.dead C.safe D.lucky28.A.quietly B.easily C.deeply D.evenly29.A.sight B.bridge C.link D.barrier30.A.warm B.alive C.positive D.brave31.A.start B.develop C.end D.continue32.A.record B.review C.repeat D.restore33.A.pay B.speed C.pause D.leave34.A.answered B.learned C.posted D.heard35.A.thank B.meet C.accept D.miss【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.B26.A27.B28.C29.D30.B31.C32.D33.D34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Todd和Donna去拍摄日出照片，在散步的时候Todd发生了意外，在冲浪者和很多好心人的帮助下，拯救了Todd的命，Donna发帖子想找到冲浪者并表示感谢。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：沿着海岸线散步欣赏风景时，Todd突然摔倒了。A.fell落下，摔倒；B.sat坐下；C.took带走；D.broke打破。根据下文中的“Todd’sheartstoppedbeating”可知，Todd心脏骤停，所以此处应为Todd突然“摔倒”。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Donna以为她丈夫在开玩笑。A.sleeping睡觉；B.lying撒谎；C.joking开玩笑；D.thinking认为。根据下文中的“However,shequicklyrealizedthiswasnolaughingmatter.”可知，Donna意识到，这不是开玩笑的事情，由此可知，此处指的是“开玩笑”符合语境。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Todd的心停止了跳动，脸色发青。A.red红色，危险的；B.blue蓝色的，发青的；C.green绿色的，生的；D.orange橙色的。根据常识和上文中的“Todd’sheartstoppedbeating”可知，Todd心跳骤停，脸色“发青的”符合语境。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：TylerVolpe是一名冲浪者，Todd摔倒时他正在水中。A.worker工人；B.doctor医生；C.reporter记者；D.surfer冲浪者。根据下文中的“Volpestartedchestpression(按压)whileRoy,anothersurfer,breathedintoTodd’smouth.”可知，另一位冲浪者做人工呼吸，由此可知，Volpe应该也是“冲浪者”。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我知道那不是正常的尖叫，”他说。A.loud大声的；B.normal正常的；C.sudden突然的；D.lasting持续的。根据上文中的“Immediatelyshescreamedforhelp.”可知，Donna发现Todd心脏骤停，她发出的求救声应该不是“正常的”尖叫。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，他们互相交换位置。A.positions位置；B.cloths衣物；C.boards甲板；D.apartments公寓。根据上文中的“Volpestartedchestpression(按压)whileRoy,anothersurfer,breathedintoTodd’smouth.”以及switched和常识可知，在进行心肺复苏，两个人应该是轮流着进行，所以此处应为交换“位置”进行。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我真的以为他死了，”Donna说。A.cold冷的；B.dead死的；C.safe安全的；D.lucky幸运的。根据语境和上文中的“Todd’sheartstoppedbeating”可知，Todd心脏停止跳动，所以Donna认为他真的“死了”。故选B。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Roy和Volpe继续做心肺复苏术时，Todd深呼吸了几次。A.quietly安静地；B.easily容易地；C.deeply深深地；D.evenly平均地。根据上文“Toddbreathed”可知，在心肺复苏的作用下，Todd深呼吸了几次。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他冲浪者用他们的冲浪板在救援人员和水之间形成一道屏障。A.sight视力；B.bridge桥梁；C.link联系；D.barrier屏障，障碍。根据语境和上文中的“Thetidewasstartingtoein