2024届云南省第一次高中毕业生复习统一检测（一模）英语试题（含解析）

2024届云南省第一次高中毕业生复习统一检测（一模）英语

试题

学校:姓名：班级：考号：

一、阅读理解

2024TravelPlanner:TheBestThingstoSeeintheUK

IconsofBritishFashion,Oxfordshire

AfashionexhibitionwillopenatBlenheimPalaceinMarch.IconsofBritishFashionis

thelargesteventinthepalace5s300-yearhistoryandwillshowcasesomeofBritain'smost

famousdesigners.Clothing,drawings,photographsandpatternswillbeondisplay.23March

to30June.Palaceentryticketsarevalidforayearandcost£38foradults,£22for

under-16s.

Toulouse-LautrecinBath

Anewexhibition,Toulouse-LautrecandtheMastersofMontmartre,opensatVictoria

ArtGalleryinBathinApril.Morethan30piecesfromtheartisfscolourfulcareerwillbe

shownalongsideworksbyotherartistsoftheday.ThisistheonlychancetoseeLautrec9s

completecollectionofpostersintheUKbeforeitmovestoapermanenthomeattheMusee

d'lxellesinBelgium.26Aprilto29September,adults£10,children£3.50.

BackinTimeatBeamish

Atrulyrecreated1950spicturehouseatBeamishwilloffervisitorsachancetorecallthe

goldenageofmovie-going.Thecinemawillbethelatestadditiontoa“1950sTown“opened

lastsummeratthelivinghistorymuseum.Adults£24.95,children£15.45,afamilyoffour

£63.50,validforayear.

NationalGallerygoesontour

TheNationalGallerycelebratesits200thanniversaryon10May.Tomarktheoccasion,

thegalleryislending12ofitsmosticonicpaintingsto12venuesacrosstheUK.Paintings

willtraveltocentresfromBrightontoEdinburgh,andwillallgoondisplayon10May.Each

ofthe12venueswillrunexhibitionsanddigitalinterventionstoshowcaseitsparticular

painting.

1.Howmuchshouldacouplewitha5-year-oldpayforBlenheim'sexhibition?

A.£23.50.B.£60.00.C.£63.50.D.£98.00.

2.WhatdoToulouse-LautrecandNationalGalleryhaveincommon?

A.Recallingtheartisfscareer.

B.Offeringchancestomakeposters.

C.Employingdigitalinterventions.

D.Enablingvisitorstoenjoyarts.

3.Whichofthefollowingisayear-roundevent?

A.IconsofBritishFashion.

B.Toulouse-LautrecandtheMastersofMontmartre.

C.1950sPictureHouseVisit.

D.NationalGalleryPaintingShow.

Thememoryofoneparticularsummereveningisstillburnedinmybrainasifitwere

yesterday.Therewasnothingbutwide-openfieldsformilesandmilesaroundourrural

Minnesotahome.Weneversawstrangersnoteverandhereonthishoteveningwasareallive

onewalkingupourdriveway.

Ayoungman,aslightly-builthitchhiker（搭便车的人）approachedourdoor.Heknew

therewasastormcoming,andhedesperatelyneededshelter.Notwantingtointrudeonour

homeandfamily,heaskedmydadifhecouldsleepinourbasementforthenightfor

protectionfromtherain.Insteadofsayingyes,mydadloadedusallupinthe1959Chevrolet:

fivekids,mymum,andtheman.

Ourfamilyconsistedofthreeolderchildrenwhosefatherhaddiedyoungandthreemore

childrenfromtheunionofmymotherandfather.OurolderbrotherJerrywasintheNavy,on

ashipsomewhereoverseas.Ourmumanddadworriedabouthim.

Wedrovehim10milestothenexttown,whereDadboughtthemanaroomforthenight

alongwithahoteveningmeal.Inthecarafterwedroppedoffthestranger,Iheardmydad

saytomymum,“IjusthopethatifJerryeverneedsanything,thiskindnesswillbereturned

to

Weekslater,Dadtoldmyuncleabouttheyoungman.Myunclesuggestedthatperhaps

mydadshouldn'thavetakentheriskofhavingastrangerinourcar.Mydadreplied,atYbuare

absolutelyright.Ishouldhaveinvitedhimintoourhome.^^

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“intrudeon^^inparagraph2mean?

A.Disturb.B.Scare.C.Embarrass.D.Upset.

试卷第2页，共10页

5.Howdidtheauthor'sfatherhelpthestranger?

A.Byprovidingabedforhiminthebasement.

B.Bylettinghimstayforthenightinthecar.

C.Bytakinghimtoahotelinanothertown.

D.Bycookingahoteveningmealforhim.

6.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor9sfamily?

A.Thefamilyhadfivechildrenintotal.

B.JerrywasservinginthearmyintheUSA.

C.Theyhadnospareroomforthehitchhiker.

D.Dadwishedhiseldersontobetreatedkindly.

7.Whatdidtheauthor9sunclethinkofhisfather'sdeed?

A.Worthwhile.B.Inappropriate.C.Inspiring.D.Unbelievable.

Almostallnewparentsstruggletogetenoughsleepwhilecaringfortheirnewborns.For

somepenguin（企鹅）parents,though,periodsofsleepareespeciallyshort.

ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrappenguinsonlysleepforaboutfoursecondsat

atimeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewbornchicks.Theydothisthousandsoftimes

throughouttheday.Theshort“microsleeps''totalaround11hourseachday.Themicrosleeps

appeartobeenoughtokeeptheparentsgoingformanyweeks.

NielsRattenborg,asleepresearcherattheMaxPlanckInstituteforBiological

IntelligenceinGermany,said,"What'ssurprisingisthatthepenguinsareabletofunction

okayandsuccessfullyraisetheiryoung.^^

ChinstrappenguinsusuallylaytheireggsinNovemberinnestsmadeupofsmallrocks.

Mated（交酉己的）pairsshareparentingresponsibilities.Oneparentusuallywatchestheeggs

andchicksalonewhiletheothergoesofffishingforfamilymeals.Adultpenguinsdon'tface

manynaturalenemiesinthematingseason.Butlargebirdscalledbrownskuaseatthe

penguineggsandsmallchicks.Otheradultpenguinsmayalsotrytostealthesmallrocks

fromthenests,sopenguinparentsmustalwaysbeonguard.

Forthefirsttime,scientistsfollowedthesleepingbehaviorofChinstrappenguins.They

didthisbyattachingdevicesthatmeasurebrainwaves.Theycollecteddataon14adultsover

11daysonKingGeorgeIslandoffthecoastofAntarctica.

WonYoungLee,abiologistattheKoreanPolarResearchInstitute,thoughtoftheidea

forthestudywhenhesawmatingpenguinsoftenblinking（眨）theireyesandpossibly

sleeping.Buttheteamneededtorecordbrainwavestoconfirmtheanimalsweresleeping.

“Forthesepenguins,microsleepshavesomerestorativefunctions,hesaid.Headdedthat

theywouldnotsurvivewithoutit.

Theresearchersdidn'tcollectsleepdataoutsidethematingseason.Buttheysuspectthat

thepenguinsmaysleepforlongerperiodsatothertimesoftheyear.

8.WhathaveresearchersfoundaboutChinstrappenguins?

A.Theytaketurnstotakecareoftheyoung.

B.Theysleepforseveralsecondsatatime.

C.Theyrestfor11hoursinaroweveryday.

D.Theybehavepoorlyduetolackofsleep.

9.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?

A.Thehabitatsofthepenguins.B.Thelivinghabitsofthepenguins.

C.Thematingseasonsofthepenguins.D.Thenaturalenemiesofthepenguins.

10.WhichofthefollowingmightWonYoungLeeagreewith?

A.Microsleepsofthepenguinsmatterintheirsurvival.

B.It'sdifficulttorecordbrainwavesofthepenguins.

C.Thepenguinsmaysleeplongerthanpeoplebelieve.

D.Morefundsareneededtofurtherstudythepenguins.

11.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Abookreview.B.Atravelbrochure.

C.Asciencejournal.D.Achemistrytextbook.

Whenpeoplethinkofwordinnovatorsthroughouthistory,malewriterslikelycometo

mind.Shakespeareiscreditedwithinventingmorethan1,700words,including"bedroom”,

“courtship"and"swagger”.CharlesDickensissaidtohavefirstusedthewords

“butterfingers"and"doormat”,andDr.Seussreportedlycameupwith"nerd".

Butdespitecontributionsfromfamouswriters,historianssayanothergrouphasaneven

greaterimpactonthedevelopmentoflanguage:teenagegirls.Womenleadupto90percent

oflinguistic（语言的）changes,associolinguistWilliamLabovobservedintheearly2000s.

Infact,hewrote,womenareoftenlinguisticallyaheadofmen"byafullgeneration”.

Nowwomenareleadingthechargeonline.ThoughOxfordUniversityPress'2023word

试卷第4页，共10页

oftheyear,"rizz”,meaningcharm,wascoinedbyaman,severalrunners-up,including

“situationship''and"swiftie“wereinspiredorfirstusedbywomen.Theterm"goblinmode”,

whichreferstolazybehavior,wasOxford^2022wordoftheyearandappearstohavebeen

firstusedbyawomanonTwitterin2009.

Ifsoftenimpossibletotellwhofirstusednewwords.Butwhetherornotyounggirls

inventnewphrases,theyaremorelikelytobeearlyadoptersofthelatestlingo（术语），says

UniversityofTorontolinguistSaliTagliamonte,"They'repushingchangesforward.9,

Thereareahandfulofpossiblereasonswhygirlsleadlexical（词7匚的）innovation.

AccordingtoGretchenMcCulloch,authorofBecauseInternet:UnderstandingtheNewRules

ofLanguage,womentendtobemoresociallyaware.Theyhavelargersocialcirclesandmay

beexposedtomorelanguagediversity.Andbecausewomentendtobecaregivers,boys

usuallylearnlanguagefromtheirmothers,whereaswomenandgirlslearnwordsfromother

women.

12.Whydoestheauthormentionsomewordscoinedbymalewriters?

A.Tocomparemaleandfemalewriters.

B.Tointroducesomewell-knownwriters.

C.Toleadinthetopictobetalkedabout.

D.Toputforwardapointtobeproved.

13.Whichofthefollowingwordswasinventedbyamale?

A.Rizz.B.Situationship.C.Swiftie.D.Goblinmode.

14.Whothinkswomen'ssocialawarenesscontributestolexicalinnovation?

A.Dr.Seuss.B.WilliamLabov.

C.SaliTagliamonte.D.GretchenMcCulloch.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.NewWordsAreAddedtoEnglishDictionaries

B.FemaleTeensTakeaLeadinLinguisticChanges

C.WomenAreMoreSensitivetoLanguageDiversity

D.NewTermsMakeCommunicationMoreColorful

HowtoDealwithAwkwardSilences

Weallknowwhatit'slikewhenaconversationdiesoffandyou'relefttositinsilence.

16Thankfully,fillingthesesilencesisn'tasdifficultasitmayseem.Readontolearn

howtoinitiatesmalltalkanddealwithawkwardsilences.

•Thinkoftopicsaheadoftime.

Beforeattendingasocialevent,thinkofafew"go-to“topicstojumpstartadead

conversation.Thiswillhelpyoutofillthesilencesinsteadofstrugglingforwordsinthe

moment.Recentnews,localevents,popularbooksandtelevisionshowsareallgoodfallback

options.17

•Askopen-endedquestions.

Askquestionsthathavemorethanonepossibleanswer.18Theyhelpavoid

resultinginshortresponse.Forexample,insteadofasking,C4Didyoulikeyourhighschool?”,

youcouldask,“Whatdidyoulikeaboutyourhighschool?^^

•19

Aswithanygoodconversation,thebiggestkeyistolisten.Iftheyrespondtoyour

questionwithashortstatementsuchas"Yes"or"No”,thatmightindicatethattheyaren't

comfortabletalkingaboutaparticularsubject.Instead,talkaboutsomethingthatyouknow

they'reinterestedin.Forexample,44Iheardyouwonyourfootballgametheothernight.I'd

lovetohearaboutit.”

•Giveacompliment（表扬）.

20Forexample,youcouldsay,“Ireallylikeyourshirt.Wheredidyougetit?”

Thiscouldmovetheconversationinanotherdirectionwhilemakingtheotherpersonfeel

good.Sticktosayingnicethingsifyou'retryingtomakesmalltalk.

A.Keeptheconversationflowing.

B.Italsoallowsyoutospendmoretimetogether.

C.Listencarefullyandrespondtotheirreactions.

D.There'sonlyonewordtodescribeit:awkward.

E.Thisisalwaysasafebet,aslongasifsappropriate.

F.Suchquestionsarelikelytogetthepersontalkingmore.

G.However,avoidsomesubjectsthatmaycausearguments.

二、完形填空

Growinguponafarm,ToriJamesspentmuchofherearlyyearsoutdoors,building

sheltersandplayinginmuddystreams.She21herselfasanambitiousand

试卷第6页，共10页

adventurouschildandowestheDukeofEdinburghAwardtoherlovefor22.James

saysshecouldneverhave23thatonedayshemightbetheyoungestBritishwoman

to24thepeakofMountEverest.

Today,Jamesisa(n)25adventurer.Alongsidehersuccessfulclimbofthe

world's26peakin2007,shewasamemberofthefirstall-femaleteamto27

atiring650-kilometreskiracetotheMagneticNorthPolein2005,andin2014shesetthe

28forthelongestnon-stopopen-seakayakcrossinginUKwaters.

Yetaheadofherfirstexplorationattheageof18,Jameshad29herabilityto

lastamonthoutinthecoldwithoutthecomfortofahotbath."It'sonlyby30

ourcomfortzonethatweunderstandourtruepotential,sheexplains,"That'swhenthe

31happens.^^

Jamesencourageswould-beadventurersnottobe32bytheconventional

imageoftherugged(粗犷的)，hardyexplorer."Iamsuchabelieverthat,withtheright

supportandskills,everyonecanbring33toanexploration,sheadds,

"Sometimes,ifsonlyoutinthefieldthatsomeone's34talentsemerge,

35intheprocessofexploration.”

21.A.describesB.admitsC.imaginesD.praises

22.A.wildlifeB.scienceC.explorationD.competition

23.A.explainedB.understoodC.declaredD.predicted

24.A.measureB.approachC.admireD.reach

25.A.patientB.ordinaryC.professionalD.honest

26.A.coldestB.highestC.prettiestD.straightest

27.A.completeB.coachc.judgeD.cancel

28.A.recordB.dateC.goalD.standard

29.A.lostB.doubtedC.limitedD.developed

30.A.enteringB.restoringC.leavingD.expanding

31.A.emergencyB.accidentC.eventD.magic

32.A.pushedaheadB.keptapartC.cheeredupD.putoff

33.A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.everything

34.A.academicB.creativeC.hiddenD.artistic

35.A.eventuallyB.particularlyC.generallyD.obviously

三、语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Acomposting(堆月巴)programatTheWesleySchoolinLosAngelesishelpingstudents

gethands-onexperienceandways36(handle)human-drivenclimatechange.For

thepastyear,alltheleftoverfoodwastefromtheschoolhasgoneintocompostingcontainers

ratherthanalandfill37itwouldbeburiedandwouldproduceplanet-warming

gases.

Theschool'scompostingprogram38(come)intobeingin2022,andthisyear,

theschoolhelda39(celebrate)torevealwhathappenedinsideaseriesof

five-foot-tallcontainers.StevenWynbrandt,alocalfarmer40compostingconsultant

whohashelpedtheschoolwithitsprogram,brokethetiesthatheldthecontainerclosed.Rich

blackcompostspilledoutfromthecontainer.

Theschoolwillusethecompostonplantsaroundcampus.Somewill41(offer)

tofamiliesthatwanttouseitathome,andwhateverisleftwillbedonated.

Ittakestwohoursforthecontainertobeemptiedandpreparedtoreceive42

nextday'slunchleftovers.Theothercontainersremainfulloffoodwastethatisinthe

processof43(break)down.Decorated44(poster)ontheoutsideofeach

containerindicatewhentheycanbeopenedsothatthenextgenerationofplantsoncampus

canbenefit45therichsoil.

四、书信写作

46.假如你是李华，你市电视台正面向留学生开展主题为“FeelofChina”的短视频(short

video)征集活动。请给你的留学生朋友Chris写一封邮件，鼓励他参加，内容包括：

1.活动介绍；

2.内容要求。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80个左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearChris,

Howareyoudoing?

试卷第8页，共10页

Yours,

LiHua

五、书面表达

47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

ItwasJuly2019andmymumRebeccawastakingmeona120kmwalkingholidayfrom

PortugaltoSpainasaspecialtreatformy10thbirthday.Oneday,whilewalkingalongthe

coastalpathstaringoutattheAtlanticocean,IchattedawaytoMum."WhenLexiturns.10,

areyougoingtotakeheronatriplikethis?”Iasked,referringtomyseven-year-oldsister.

MumsaidLexihadalreadyaskedtogotoSvalbardinthenorthofNorwaybecauseshewas

crazyaboutpolarbears.

AlthoughIwasstillonmyfirstspecialtrip,I'dbeenlearningaboutancientcivilizations

atschoolandknewI'dlovetoseesomerelicsintheflesh.SoIcontinuedsaying,“Whydon't

IgotoEgyptwhileyou*reinSvalbardwithLexi?”,addingthatmydad,Olaf,couldtakeme

there.'"Great,butPmnotpayingforit."Muimreplied,chuckling.C4Thafsfine.Pllpay,“Isaid,

"I'llsaveupmypocketmoneyandgetajob.”

SothafsexactlywhatIdid.ThoughIwastooyoungtodoanyotherpaidwork,Ihad

myownsolution.Istartedsavingmy$10-a-weekpocketmoney.Also,Iwashedmy

parents5carormowedthelawnforextracash.

In2020,wemovedtoPerth.Oneday,Isawapamphlet（小册子）intheletterbox

advertisingajobdeliveringcatalogues.WhenItoldMumIwantedtodoit,shetriedtoput

meofftheidea,remindingmethattheworkwastiringandtime-consuming.Butwhenseeing

thedeterminationinmyeyes,sheagreedtocallthem.Thankfully,myyoungagedidn't

botherthem-Igotthejob.OnaMonday,amountainofcataloguesweredroppedoffatour

house,whichshockedmealot.Itoldmyselftocalmdownanddedicatedtowork.Ittookme

ninehourstosortthroughthem.Atfirst,Iusedmybikeandcarriedthecataloguesinmy

backpacktodeliverthemto430housesinmyarea.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150个左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Afterseveraldeliveries,Ifounditwasn'tveryefficient.

Threeandahalfyearslater,Isavedamassive$6,500,andDadandIflewtoCairo,

Egypt.

试卷第10页，共10页

参考答案:

1.D2.D3.C

【导语】

这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个2024年旅行规划师推荐的英国最好的景点。

1.细节理解题。根据IconsofBritishFashion,Oxfordshire部分的“Palaceentryticketsare

validforayearandcost£38foradults,£22forunder-16s.（白金汉宫门票有效期为一年，成人

票价38英镑，16岁以下票价22英镑。）”可知，一对夫妻和一个5岁的小孩参观Blenheim

的展览花费38x2+22=98英镑。故选D。

2.细节理解题。根据Toulouse-LautrecinBath部分的“Anewexhibition,Toulouse-Lautrecand

theMastersofMontmartre,opensatVictoriaArtGalleryinBathinApril.Morethan30pieces

fromtheartisfscolourfulcareerwillbeshownalongsideworksbyotherartistsoftheday.（今年4

月，一场名为《图卢兹-罗特列克与蒙马特大师》的新展览将在巴斯的维多利亚美术馆开幕。

这位艺术家丰富多彩的职业生涯中的30多件作品将与当时其他艺术家的作品一起展出。）”

和NationalGallerygoesontour部分的“TheNationalGallerycelebratesits200thanniversary

on10May.Tomarktheoccasion,thegalleryislending12ofitsmosticonicpaintingsto12

venuesacrosstheUK.（国家美术馆将于5月10日庆祝其成立200周年。为了纪念这一时刻，

该画廊将向英国12个场馆出借12幅最具代表性的画作。广可知，这两个地方的共同之处在

于他们都让游客享受艺术。故选D。

3.细节理解题。根据BackinTimeatBeamish部分的“Atrulyrecreated1950spicturehouseat

Beamishwilloffervisitorsachancetorecallthegoldenageofmovie-going.Thecinemawillbe

thelatestadditiontoa“1950sTown“openedlastsummeratthelivinghistorymuseum.Adults

£24.95,children£15.45,afamilyoffour£63.50,validforayear.（在比米什，一■座真正重现了

20世纪50年代的电影院将为游客提供一个回忆电影黄金时代的机会。这家电影院将是去年

夏天在活历史博物馆开放的“20世纪50年代小镇”的最新成员。成人24.95英镑，儿童15.45

英镑，四口之家63.50英镑，有效期一年。广可知，1950年代的PictureHouse参观是一个全

年的活动。故选C。

4.A5.C6.D7.B

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲在一个即将下暴雨的夏日帮助一个陌

答案第1页，共11页

生人的故事。

4.词句猜测题。由文章第二段划线词所在句子“heaskedmydadifhecouldsleepinour

basementforthenightforprotectionfromtherain.（他问我爸爸是否可以在我们家的地下室过

夜，以防下雨。）”可知，这个陌生人应该是不想打扰作者的家人，询问是否可以住在地下室；

由此猜测，划线词的意思是“打扰”，与disturb（打扰）。故选A。

5.细节理解题。由文章第四段中"Wedrovehim10milestothenexttown,whereDadboughtthe

manaroomforthenightalongwithahoteveningmeal.（我们开车带他到10英里外的下一个

城镇，在那里爸爸给他买了一个房间过夜，还给他买了一顿热腾腾的晚餐。）”可知，作者的

父亲通过带这个陌生人去了另一个城镇的旅馆来帮助他。故选C»

6.细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Inthecarafterwedroppedoffthestranger,Iheardmydadsay

tomymum,“IjusthopethatifJerryeverneedsanything,thiskindnesswillbereturnedto

him.”（我们把那个陌生人送上车后，我听到爸爸对妈妈说:“我只希望，如果杰里有什么需要，

这份善意能回到他那里（即他能得到帮助）。“广可知，爸爸希望他的大儿子受到善待。故选

Do

7.推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Weekslater,Dadtoldmyuncleabouttheyoungman.My

unclesuggestedthatperhapsmydadshouldn'thavetakentheriskofhavingastrangerinourcar.

（几周后，爸爸把那个年轻人的事告诉了叔叔。我叔叔建议说，也许我父亲不应该冒险让一

个陌生人坐在我们的车里。厂可知，作者的叔叔认为他父亲的行为是不合适的。故选B。

8.B9.B10.A11.C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述研究人员最近发现，帽带企鹅每次只睡大约四秒钟，

以保护它们的蛋和新生的小企鹅。他们一天要这样做几千次。文章介绍了关于帽带企鹅睡眠

时间短，来保护小企鹅的研究过程、方式以及存在的局限性。

8.细节理解题。根据第二段的“ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrappenguinsonlysleepfor

aboutfoursecondsatatimeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewbornchicks.Theydothis

thousandsoftimesthroughouttheday.Theshort“microsleeps''totalaround11hourseachday.

（研究人员最近发现，为了保护它们的蛋和刚出生的小企鹅，Chintstrap企鹅一次只睡大约4

秒钟。他们一天中这样做数千次。短暂的“微睡眠”每天总计约11小时）”可知，研究发现，

企鹅为了保护它们的蛋和刚出生的企鹅，它们一次只睡大约几秒钟。故选B。

9.主旨大意题。根据第四段的"ChinstrappenguinsusuallylaytheireggsinNovemberinnests

答案第2页，共11页

madeupofsmallrocks.Mated（交酉己的）pairsshareparentingresponsibilities.Oneparentusually

watchestheeggsandchicksalonewhiletheothergoesofffishingforfamilymeals.Adult

penguinsdon'tfacemanynaturalenemiesinthematingseason.（颈带企鹅通常在11月在由小岩

石组成的巢穴中产卵。配对的人分担养育子女的责任。父母中的一方通常独自照看鸡蛋和小

企鹅，而另一方则外出捕鱼与家人团聚。成年企鹅在交配季节不会遇到很多天敌）”以及全段

可知，本段主要介绍了企鹅的生活习惯，包括产卵的的时间，如何养育小企鹅等。故选B。

10.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的""Forthesepenguins,microsleepshavesomerestorative

functions,hesaid.Headdedthattheywouldnotsurvivewithoutit.（他说：“对于这些企鹅来说，

微睡眠具有一些恢复功能他补充说，没有它，他们将无法生存）”可推知，WonYoungLee

认为睡眠对于企鹅的生存至关重要。故选A。

11.推理判断题。根据全文内容以及第二段的“ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrap

penguinsonlysleepforaboutfoursecondsatatimeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewborn

chicks.（研究人员最近发现，为了保护它们的蛋和刚出生的小企鹅，Chintstrap企鹅一次只睡

大约4秒钟）”可知，本文主要讲述研究人员最近发现，帽带企鹅每次只睡大约四秒钟，以保

护它们的蛋和新生的小企鹅。他们一天要这样做几千次。所以本篇文章最有可能出自科学杂

志。故选C。

12.C13.A14.D15.B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了女性青少年对语言的发展产生的影响。

12.推理判断题。由文章第二段“Butdespitecontributionsfromfamouswriters,historianssay

anothergrouphasanevengreaterimpactonthedevelopmentoflanguage:teenagegirls.Women

leadupto90percentoflinguistic（语言的）changes,associolinguistWilliamLabovobservedin

theearly2000s.Infact,hewrote,womenareoftenlinguisticallyaheadofmen"byafull

generation”“但是，历史学家说，除了著名作家的贡献外，另一个群体对语言的发展产生了

更大的影响：少女。正如社会语言学家威廉・拉博夫在21世纪初观察到的那样，女性主导了

90%的语言变化。事实上，他写道，女性在语言上往往比男性领先“整整一代”户可推知，作

者提到一些男性作家创造的词是为了引出要谈论的话题，即女性群体对语言的发展产生的影

响。故选C。

13.细节理解题。由文章第三段中"ThoughOxfordUniversityPress,2023wordoftheyear,66rizz",

meaningcharm,wascoinedbyaman,severalrunners-up,including“situationship''and"swiftie”

答案第3页，共11页

wereinspiredorfirstusedbywomen.（牛津大学出版社评选的2023年度词汇中，意为"魅力"

的“rizz”是由一位男性创造的，但包括“situation”和“swifiie”在内的几个亚军都是由女性启发

或首次使用的）”可知，“rizz”是由一位男性创造的。故选A。

14.细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“AccordingtoGretchenMcCulloch,authorofBecause

Internet:UnderstandingtheNewRulesofLanguage,womentendtobemoresociallyaware.（《因

为互联网：理解语言的新规则》一书的作者格雷琴•麦卡洛克认为，女性往往更有社会意识）”

可知，格雷琴・麦卡洛克认为女性的社会意识有助于词汇创新。故选D。

15.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“Butdespitecontributionsfiromfamous

writers,historianssayanothergrouphasanevengreaterimpactonthedevelopmentoflanguage:

teenagegirls.（但是，历史学家说，除了著名作家的贡献外，另一个群体对语言的发展产生了

更大的影响：少女）”可知，文章主要介绍了女性青少年对语言的发展产生的影响。由此可知，

FemaleTeensTakeaLeadinLinguisticChanges（女性青少年在语言变化中起主导作用）适合作

本文最佳标题。故选B。

16.D17.G18.F19.C20.E

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何应对在交谈中因为沉默造成的尴尬的方法。

16.上文“WeallknowwhatifsHkewhenaconversationdiesoffandyou'relefttositinsilence.

（我们都知道当一次谈话结束，你只能静静地坐着时是什么感觉）”说明谈话结束无话可说的

局面非常令人尴尬。空处顺接前文，说明无话可说的感觉非常的尴尬。D项“只有一个词可

以形容它：尴尬。”符合语境。该项中的awkward是标题中该词的复现。故选D。

17.上文“Recentnews,localevents,popularbooksandtelevisionshowsareallgoodfallback

options.（最近的新闻、当地的活动、受欢迎的书籍和电视节目都是不错的后备选择）”说明最

近的新闻，活动，受欢迎的书籍和电视节目都是可以提前选择的话题。空处和前文形成转折

关系，说明选择话题时需要注意的问题。G项中的“somesubjects”和前文中的topics相呼应，

所以G项“但是，要避免一些可能引起争论的话题。”符合语境。故选G。

18.上文“Askquestionsthathavemorethanonepossibleanswer.（提出有多个可能答案的问题）“

说明想要打破沉默，可以提出有多个答案的问题。空处承上启下，说明这样做的好处。F项

中的“Suchquestions”和时前文中该词的复现，下文中的They指代的也是“Suchquestions”,

说明这样的问题可能会让对方多说话。故选F。

19.下文“Aswithanygoodconversation,thebiggestkeyistolisten.Iftheyrespondtoyour

答案第4页，共11页

questionwithashortstatementsuchas"Yes"or"No”,thatmightindicatethattheyaren't

comfortabletalkingaboutaparticularsubject.（与任何好的谈话一样，最大的关键是倾听。如果

他们用“是”或“否”等简短的回答来回答你的问题，这可能表明他们对谈论某个特定的话题感

到不舒服）”说明本段所给建议为先要认真倾听，在根据听到了的信息做出回应。C