2024年广东省高三一模高考英语试卷试题答案祥解（含作文范文）

2024广东省一模英语测试试卷

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

WelcometoWSULibraries!Inthisguide,we'llunlockthemysteriesofcallnumbersandlocationprefixes.

Knowingthesehelpsyouquicklylocateandaccessyourdesiredbooks.

CallNumbers

BooksandmaterialarearrangedonourshelvesaccordingtotheLibraryofCongress（LC）classification

system.Thesecallnumbersuniquelyidentifyandorganizeitemsnearothermaterialonthesameorsimilarsubjects.

Considerthecallnumber:LB2395C651991.

♦LBdefinesthesubjectarea.Thecalllettersaretypicallyarrangedinalphabetical（字母的）order,starting

fromAandcontinuingthroughthealphabet.Knowingtheletter（s）foryoursubjectareagivesyouaplacetostart

browsingtheshelves.Forexample:A一Generalworks;B一Philosophy,Psychology,Religion;D一world

History;G一Geography;H一socialsciences;J一Politicalscience;K一Law;LEducation;M一Music;N

一Arts;P一LanguageandLiterature;Q一science.Formore,clickhere.

♦2395istheclassificationnumber,whichfurtherdistinguishesthesubjectmatter.Readasawholenumbe亡1,

2,3,45,100,2430.

♦C65istheCutternumberandusuallyrepresentstheauthor?slastname.FindC,then65.Readthenumberas

adecimal（小数）.

♦1991istheyearofpublication.

LocationPrefixes

Somecallnumbershavealocationprefix.Locationprefixesmeanthatthebookormaterialisshelvedina

specialplace,andmayhaveloanrestrictions.WSUusesthefollowingprefixes:

PrefixCollectionLibraryLocationLoanPeriod

[Blank]CirculatingCollection2ndfloor,3rdfloor,and4thfloor21-dayloan

RefReferenceCollection1stfloor,ReferenceAreaLibrary-useonly

ResReserveCollection1stfloor,CirculationAreaLibrary-useonly

VideoAudiovisuals2ndfloor,LearningResourcesCenterSpecialrequest

1.Whichbookmaybeidentifiedunderthecallnumber"NU238C7192013”?

A.AnIntroductiontoModemArt.B.TheABCofComputerscience.

C.TheRecyclingofwasteoils.D.AshortHistoryofFrance.

2.WhatwouldbetheCutternumberifyouarelookingforabookbyWhitneySherman?

A.C78.B.S53.C.W67.D.L59.

3.Wherecanyoufindthebook“RESAG243G871992”?

A.Onthe2ndor4thfloorofthelibrary.

B.IntheReferenceAreaonthe1stfloor.

C.IntheCirculationAreaonthe1stfloor.

D.AttheLearningResourcesCenteronthe2ndfloor.

ALetterfromWillaCathertoPresidentTomasMasaryk

Honoredsir,

Yourletter,senttomethroughyourLegationatWashington,confersuponmegreathonorandgivesmegreat

pleasure.Iamgladtohavecarriedamessagefromthe

Bohemian（波希米亚）neighbors,whomIgrewupwith,totheirhomecountryoftheCzechRepublic.Ihave

justreturnedtoNewYork,whereIhadthepleasureoftakingAnniePavelka,theliving“Antonia“inmybookMy

Antonia,andsixofherchildrentothefirstscreeningofALostLady.Ihavethegoodfortunetopreserverelations

withmostofmycharacters.a^Antonia^^andhersplendidchildrenarefleshandbloodrealities.EverytimeIgoback

tothem,Ifeelhowmuchmoreinterestingandlovabletheyarethanmypictureofthem.IwishIcouldpresent

themtoyouinperson.

IregretthatIcannotsatisfactorilymeetyourkindrequestforbiographical（传记的）material.Iavoid

biographers,askingthemtowaituntilIgetmyworkfurtheralong.Myfirstnovelwaspublishedin1912,anda

试卷第2页，共10页

periodoftwelveyearsishardlylongenoughforawritertofindtheformbestsuitedforwriting.Iwasnotyoung

whenIbegantowrite,andthoughlivingisagoodpreparationforwriting,Idoneedmoretimetoacquireasimple

andmodestwayofpresentingmywork,howeverwellIknowwhatIwishtopresent.

Iamabletosendyouaverygoodphotographtakenrecently.Iencloseashortbiographicalaccountwhichmy

publishersuseforpublicitypurposes,andsomecasualreviews.Biographiesusuallybegintocomealongjustabout

thetimeawriterhasnomoretosay,andIdonotfeelthattimehasyetcometome.

Ibegyou,PresidentMasaryk,tobelieveinmygratefulappreciationofyourletter.

Respectfullyyours,

WillaCather

4.WhoisAntonia?

A.Adirectorofamovie.B.Acharacterinabook.

C.Cather9srelativeinNewYork.D.Cather^neighborfromBohemia.

5.Whatdoestheauthorneedforamostsuitablewritingstyleaccordingtoparagraph3?

A.Time.B.Youth.C.Publishers9advice.D.Financialsupport.

6.Whatdoeswritingabiographymeantotheauthoraccordingtoparagraph4?

A.Aninspirationtoherreaders.B.Arecordofherachievements.

C.Awindowintoawriter'sworld.D.Anendpointinawriter'scareer.

7.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthisletter?

A.TorebuildherBohemianconnection.B.Todeclinethepresidenfsrequest.

C.Toexplainherphilosophyofwriting.D.Toappreciatethepresidenfsinterest.

C

Ifyou'venoticedyou'regettinglesswhileyourbillalmoststaysthesame,ifsnotjustyou."Shrinkflation”一

reducingaproduct?ssizeorquantitywhilekeepingitspricestable-isshowingupinshopsaroundtheworld.

Astheglobaleconomystruggleswithinflation（通货膨胀），risingmaterialcostsandhigherhumancost,

consumersarebearingtheincreasingproductionprices."'Consumersaremorelikelytonoticehowtheirpurchases

areaffectingtheirwalletsthantheamountofproductlostwhensizesdecrease,"saysMarkStiving,thechief

pricingeducatoratImpactPricing.Asaresult,companiesuseshrinkflationtomakeconsumers"lesspainfiil”.

Yetevenasshrinkflationcomeswithinflation,theproblemdoesn'tendafterinflationdoes.Oncethenew

sizesareontheshel£theyarelikelytostaythatway."Shoppersdon'thaveachoice.Theyhavetoadapt

themselvestothechanges,9,addsStiving.Therearerareexceptions,butcompaniesgenerallytaketheopportunity

togetmoreprofits.

Formanycompanies,shrinkflationseemstobeunavoidable.Infoodindustry,forexample,wherecustomers

arehighlysensitivetoprice,liftingpricesmightmakecustomersjumpshiptoanotherbrand.Butfacingthe

continuousinflation,thecompanieshavetodosomethingtomaintaintheirprofits.Introducingsmallreductionin

thesizeoftheirgoodsshouldenablethemtoimproveprofitswhilekeepingtheirpricescompetitive.Butonce

customersnoticethechange,theymightfeelfooled,leadingtoalossoftrustandconfidence.

Somegrocersareusingstickerstoremindshoppersofshrinkflation,butstill,ifsatoughhittothebottomline

——especiallybecausethepriceofproductsgenerallydoesn'tfallasinflationdoes.Consumersmayneedto

examinebothpriceandsizesensiblyastheyshop,andmakesuretheydon'tfallintothetrapofthatsupersizeon

theshelf.

8.Whydoesshrinkflationmakeconsumers“lesspainfuF,accordingtoStiving?

A.Shrinkflationreduceshumancost.

B.Shrinkflationraisespurchasingpower.

C.Consumersbecomemoreawareofsize.

D.Consumersexperiencelittleincreaseincost.

9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Theconcernsofshoppers.B.Theinterestsofcompanies.

C.Theimpactofshrinkflation.D.Thephenomenonofinflation.

10.Whatistheauthor5sattitudetotheshrinkflationinparagraph4?

A.Favorable.B.Objective.

C.Dismissive.D.Unclear.

11.Whatshouldconsumersdoaccordingtothelastparagraph?

A.Drawabottomline.B.Putwarningstickers.

C.Choosesmallerpacks.D.Makeaconsciousdecision.

D

Welearnabouttheworldthroughtheknowledgeaccumulatedoverthousandsofyears,standingonthe

shouldersofgreatmen,wedon'thavetoexperienceendlesstrialanderror,justasthewheelsdonothavetobe

reinventedeachtimetorunacar.Butwheredoesourabilitytolearnfromotherscomefrom?

AstudyledbyMarkusPaulus,professoratLoyolaMarymountUniversity,showsthattheabilityhasitsroots

试卷第4页，共10页

inearliestchildhood.tcIfsgenerallyassumedthatchildren'sabilitytoimitate（模仿）isinborn,butaccordingtoour

observation,childrenimitatebecausetheythemselvesareimitatedbycaregivers.Thisinteractionenablesacultural

transferofknowledge,which,throughgenerations5efforts,consequentlyleadstothedevelopmentofhuman

beings,9,saysMarkusPaulus.

Inthisresearch,Paulusrecordedtheinteractionbetweenmotherandchildoverseveralmonths.Thebabies

cameintothelabforthefirsttimeattheageof6months,whiletheirfinalvisitwaswhentheywere18monthsold.

Astheyengagedinvariousplaysituations,theinteractionsandimitationsofmotherandchildwereanalyzed.The

long-termstudyshowedthatthemoresensitiveamotherwasinherinteractionswithhersix-month-oldchildand

themoreoftensheimitatedthebaby,thegreaterthechild'soverallabilitywasattheageof18months.

Paulus5researchshowsthatmutualimitationisthekeystoneofknowledgetransfer,throughwhichchildren

successfullylearnvariousskills,suchashowtouseobjects,wavingandacquisitionoflanguage."'Thisinteraction

isthenucleusoflearningand,finally,givesrisetoevolutionarysuccessofhuman,9,saysPaulus.

''Culturallearningisanessentialpartofhumanevolution,anditisrootedintheimitationofothers,

particularlyourcaregiversduringourearliestchildhood,saysPaulus."'Throughthis,welearnfromeachotherand

passonknowledgetothenextgeneration,socertainactionsortechniquesdonothavetobeconstantlyinvented

again.9,

12.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofwheels?

A.Topraisetheinventionofcarwheels.B.Todescribetheprocessoftrialanderror.

C.Toemphasizethenecessityofnewtools.D.Toshowtheimportanceofpriorknowledge.

13.WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulus9research?

A.Children'simitationwasrecordedbymothers.

B.Sensitivemothersencouragedchildren'simitation.

C.Children'sabilitywasanalyzedthroughinteraction.

D.Effectiveinteractionpromotedchildren'sdevelopment.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nucleus“meaninparagraph4?

A.Core.B.Result.C.Aim.D.Content.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.WhydoesEvolutionMatter?B.HowtoInteractwithChildren?

C.Imitation:TheEngineofEvolutionD.CulturalLearning:TheRootofImitation

第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

Gettingoldermeansgreatermaturityandwisdom.16Inasocietythatisagingfast,ithasbecome

crucialtofindwaystopreventrelatedmentalandemotionaldisorders.Musicemergesasapromisingtoolfor

promotingwell-beingoftheelderly.

Musichasagreatpowertocausestrongemotionsandintensepleasure.17singinganddancingto

musicwithothersisnotonlyfunbutalsoimprovesmood.Musicalactivitiesaregreatwaystoreducestress

becausetheytakeourmindsoffproblems.Theyalsohelpusfeellesslonelyandmoreconnectedwithotherpeople.

18Asongmaybecomeasoundtrackforaparticulartime,suchasadelightfulpartywithfriendsthat

youhadalongtimeago.Listeningtothatsongallowsyoutorememberallthehappymemoriesfromthattime.

Finally,musiccontributestokeepingourthinkingskillssharp.Itmakesourbrainsworkhardinuniqueways

tounderstandtherhythmandmelody.19Forexample,exposuretobackgroundmusic,particularlyclassical

music,duringcognitive（认矢口的）tasksisshowntoimproveolderpeople'scognitiveprocesses,suchasprocessing

speedandworkingmemory.

Inconclusion,musicisapowerfultooltofightagainstaging-relatedemotionalandcognitiveproblems.Itis

anenjoyableandsocialactivity,availabletoanyoneregardlessoftheirbackgroundorpreviousmusicalexperience.

20

A.Musiccanalsoopenforgottendoorstoourmemories.

B.Recallinghappymemoriescanliftourmoodonabadday.

C.Evenpassivemusiclisteningcanhelpelderlyadultsthinkbetter.

D.Thishelpspeoplefeelbetterwhentheyaredepressedoranxious.

E.However,itofteninvolvesaseriesofphysicalandmentalchallenges.

F.Theabilitytoformnewmemoriesisessentialforprocessinginformation.

G.Thus,thisaccessibleinterventionshouldbecomeamajorpolicypriorityforhealthyaging.

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。

SummerClaytonmaynothavechildreninreallife,buthe's"aprouddad”to2.8millionpeopleonthe

试卷第6页，共10页

Internet.

Everyweek,hesitsdowntodinnerandhasa21chatwithhis"kids”.Helooksintothecameraand

asksabouttheirday.He22themhowtoshave,andremindsthemifsOKtobe23whenlifehurts.

Tosome,hisone-wayconversationsmayseem24.Buthiseffortshavestruckachord（弓I起共鸣）among

peoplewho25afatherfigure-orjustsomeonewholistenstotheir26inthedailylife.

Claytonisacivilianfitnesstrainerinreallife.Hestarted27ontheInternetinlate2020with

inspirationalandhow-tovideos,and28jokinglycalledhim"dad”.Hisfirstvideotogoviralwasashaving

how-to-a29tosomeonewhosenthimamessageasking,64HeyDad,canyouteachmehowtoshave?^^

Thevideo30,earninghimtensofthousandsofnewfanswithinhours.

Clayton'sextendedfamilycomesinall31.Manyofhis"kids"areoldenoughtobehisparents.

Clayton's32doesn'tseemtobotherhisfans.At58,SarahD'ImperiomaynotseemlikeClayton'starget

audience,butshebelievesthatit'sa（n）33idea,especiallyforyoungsterswhomaynothaveapaternal（父

亲的）rolemodelthatlistensorhas34tolisten."It'sjustheartwarmingtoseesomeonetryingto35

asmallpartofthatroleforanyone,shesays.

21.A.quickB.formalC.secretD.virtual

22.A.trainsB.convincesC.teachesD.supports

23.A.painfulB.peacefulC.shamefulD.hopeful

24.A.dullB.toughC.sillyD.brief

25.A.findB.needC.admitD.start

26.A.decisionsB.hobbiesC.excusesD.troubles

27.A.postingB.profitingC.searchingD.donating

28.A.criticsB.followersC.expertsD.reporters

29.A.suggestionB.promiseC.rewardD.response

30.A.caughtupB.cameoutC.blewupD.heldout

31.A.placesB.agesC.typesD.classes

32.A.faithB.experienceC.youthD.appearance

33.A.brilliantB.ambitiousC.complicatedD.abstract

34.A.luckB.timeC.energyD.honor

35.A.valueB.createC.defineD.fill

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

BornintoanethnicMiaofamilyinruralGuizhouProvince,Zhangwasexposedfromayoungagetotherich

traditionofMiaoembroidery(束U绣)——36culturalcraftthathasbeenpasseddownthroughgenerations.

Shespentcountlesshoursasachild37(observe)hermotherandgrandmotherstitchingfancypatternsonto

fabricsbyhand.In2003,hopingtomodernizeandsharethisheritage,sheopenedherfirstclothingshopinthe

provincialcapital.

Adecadelater,Zhang38(establish)herownclothingbrandfocusedoncombiningtraditional

Chinese-styleqipaodresseswithcolorfulcustomizedembroiderypatterns."Wehavetrainedhundredsoflocal

Miaowomenintheancientneedleworktechniques,Zhang39(proud)remarked."Theclothingline

celebratestheirbreathtakinghandwork,40Ihopeadvancesmyhomevillage'srevitalization.9,

Her41(commit)toculturalpreservationandruraldevelopmentwasrecognizedin2019,whenthe

Chinawomen'sHandicraftInnovationandEntrepreneurshipCompetition42(hold)andZhang9sinnovative

designcollectionwontophonors.Inaninterviewafterwards,shereflectedonbothpreservingtraditionalskills

throughnewmedia,43expandingeconomicopportunitiesforartisans.Weattachequalimportance44

culturalinheritanceandmarketexpansion,Zhangstated.ctInthefuture,we'llcontinueinnovatingdesigns45

(display)Miaoembroidery'sbeautyanddiversity.9,

第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

46.假定你是李华，你校将举办“经典文化探索展”，并通过网络进行直播。请你给外国笔友Hans写封邮

件，邀请他在线观看。内容包括：

1.活动介绍；

2.观看时间、方式；

3.你的期待。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearHans,

试卷第8页，共10页

Yours,

LiHua

第二节（满分25分）

47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

WhenMaryenteredthesouthPolePenguinResearchLab,shesawherfriendTomgentlystroking（轻抚）a

penguininhisarms.Aschildrenofthelabscientists,MaryandTomoftenobservedtheemperorpenguinsthatwere

studiedtounderstandhowtheyadaptedtoextremetemperatures-insightsthatcouldaidhumansurvival.

“We'rethirteen,Tom.Ifstimetogrowupandstopplayingwiththelabpenguins,9,saidMaryasshestarted

cleaning."They'reresearchanimals,notpets.”

“Butthebirdslistentome1"insistedTom,hisbreathformingacloudinthefreezingair."You'rejusttryingto

beapenguinwhispereragain/Maryreplied,shakingherheadwithagentlesmile.Thepenguinsseemedplayfulas

theywalked,dove,swamandchasedtheirlivefishforsportbeforeeating.

Suddenly,analarmrangoutandredlightsflashed,signalingaproblem.Thekidsrushedovertolookintoit.

“It'scolderthanbefore-there5siceformingonthewater,9,notedTom.Thoughalwayscold,Maryhadneverseen

iceherebefore.Shecheckedthehabitatmonitorandfoundthatthetemperaturehadgonedownalot."Theheater

mustbebroken!

Maryquicklysentamessagetotheirparents9researchteam,whowereconductingoutdoorstudies.Withthe

adultsaway,thekidswouldhavetodealwiththefreezingconditionsuntilhelparrived.

TimedraggedasMaryandTomanxiouslywaited.Theincreasingcoldcausedthemtoshake.t4Iwonderwhat

emperorpenguinsdoinextremecold,sincetheystayinthePoleallwinterinsteadofgoingsomewherewarmer,

askedMary."Theyhuddle（挤作一团），"Tomanswered."Theyhuddletogethertightlysothatthebirdsinthe

middlewillbewarmenough.”"Whatabouttheonesontheedge?”Maryasked."Theypushtheirwaytowardsthe

center,andthenmovebackouttotheedge,andstrugglebackagain.Scientistsintheearly21stcenturyrecordedit.”

Herepliedashestaredatthelargecrowdofthepenguinsinthelab.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

'7haveanideatostaywarml"Tomshoutedexcitedly.

Twoandahalfhourslater,theparentsreturnedwithhelp.

试卷第10页，共10页

1.A2.B3.C

【导语】

本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述的是WSU图书馆使用指南的说明文。它详细解释了如何

利用图书馆的藏书系统,特别是如何通过书目的索书号和位置前缀来快速定位并获取所需的

书籍。

1.

细节理解题。根据文章CallNumbers部分中的"Forexample:A一Generalworks;B一

Philosophy,Psychology,Religion;D一worldHistory;G一Geography;H一socialsciences;J

——Politicalscience;K——Law;L——Education;M——Music;N——Arts;P-Languageand

Literature;Q一science.（例如：A.一般作品;B.哲学、心理学、宗教；D.世界历史；G.地

理；H.社会科学；J.政治学；K.定律；L.教育；M.音乐；N.艺术；P.语言文学；Q.科

学。）“可知，索书号N代表了艺术类书籍，A选项“AnIntroductiontoModernArt.（现代艺术

概论）”的索书号可能为“NU238C7192013”。故选A。

2.

细节理解题。根据文章CallNumbers部分中的“♦C65istheCutternumberandusually

representstheauthor'slastname.FindC,then65.Readthenumberasadecimal（小数）.（C65是

卡特号，通常代表作者的姓氏。先找到C,然后找到65。这个号码需要作为小数来读取。y

可判断，如果想找WhitneySherman的书，我们可以使用卡特号索引，用作者的姓氏开头字

母S。故选B。

3.

细节理解题。根据文章表格中的Res部分中的floor,CirculationArea”可知，Res开头的索

书号存放在图书馆一楼CirculationArea；书号为“RESAG243G871992”的书可以图书馆一楼

CirculationArea找到。故选C。

4.B5.A6.D7.B

【导语】这是一封应用文。文章介绍了美国作家WillaCather礼貌谢绝TomasMasaryk总统

索要详尽的个人传记资料的请求。

4.细节理解题。根据第二段“IhavejustreturnedtoNewYork,whereIhadthepleasureoftaking

AnniePavelka,theliving“Antonia“inmybookMyAntonia,andsixofherchildrentothefirst

答案第1页，共12页

screeningofALostLady.（我刚刚回到纽约，在那里我有幸带着我的书MyAntonia中活生生的

“安东尼娅”安妮•帕维尔卡和她的六个孩子去看了《迷失的女人》的第一场放映）”可知，

Antonia是书中的人物。故选B。

5.细节理解题。根据第三段“IwasnotyoungwhenIbegantowrite,andthoughlivingisagood

preparationforwriting,Idoneedmoretimetoacquireasimpleandmodestwayofpresentingmy

work,howeverwellIknowwhatIwishtopresent.（我开始写作的时候并不年轻，虽然生活是写

作的一个很好的准备，但我确实需要更多的时间来掌握一种简单而谦虚的方式来展示我的作

品，无论我多么清楚我想展示什么）”可知，作者表达了拒绝的遗憾，并解释她需要时间去完

善写作风格。故选A。

6.推理判断题。根据第四段“Biographiesusuallybegintocomealongjustaboutthetimeawriter

hasnomoretosay,andIdonotfeelthattimehasyetcometome.（传记通常是在作家无话可说的

时候开始出现的，而我却不觉得时机已经到了）”可推知，写传记对作者来说意味着作家生涯

的终点。故选D。

7.推理判断题o根据第三段“IregretthatIcannotsatisfactorilymeetyourkindrequestfor

biographical（传记的）material.（很遗憾，我不能满意地满足您对传记资料的要求）”以及文章内

容可知，这封信的目的是谢绝Masaryk总统索要详尽的个人传记资料的请求。为此，作者首

先感谢总统的来信；分享与过去的人和小说中的人物联系的喜悦；解释不能提供传记材料的

原因；附上一张近照和一段简短的传记以示对该请求的尊重和感激。故选B。

8.D9.C10.B11.D

【导语】

这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述一种经济学现象：缩水式通货膨胀，及其原因和影响。

8.细节理解题。根据第二段中“'Consumersaremorelikelytonoticehowtheirpurchasesare

affectingtheirwalletsthantheamountofproductlostwhensizesdecrease,,saysMarkStiving,the

chiefpricingeducatoratImpactPricing.Asaresult,companiesuseshrinkflationtomake

consumers"lesspainfor.（Impactpricing的首席定价教育专家MarkStiving表示：，当尺寸减小

时，消费者更有可能注意到他们的购买对他们钱包的影响，而不是产品损失的数量。’因此，

企业利用缩水式通胀让消费者‘不那么痛苦可知，相比于商品尺寸的减少，消费者更关注

价格的波动，因此，缩水式通货膨胀来使消费者成本几乎没有增加，从而“不那么痛苦”，故

选D。

答案第2页，共12页

9.主旨大意题。根据第三段内容，结合前两句"Yetevenasshrinkflationcomeswithinflation,

theproblemdoesn'tendafterinflationdoes.Oncethenewsizesareontheshelltheyarelikelyto

staythatway.（然而，即使缩水式通胀伴随着通胀而来，问题也不会在通胀结束后才结束。一

旦新尺码上市，它们很可能会一直保持这种状态）”可知，本段主要讲述缩水式通货膨胀的后

续影响，即产品的尺寸一旦减少，后续可能很难再变回来，故选C。

10.推理判断题。根据第四段“Formanycompanies,shrinkflationseemstobeunavoidable.In

foodindustry,forexample,wherecustomersarehighlysensitivetoprice,liftingpricesmight

makecustomersjumpshiptoanotherbrand.Butfacingthecontinuousinflation,thecompanies

havetodosomethingtomaintaintheirprofits.Introducingsmallreductioninthesizeoftheir

goodsshouldenablethemtoimproveprofitswhilekeepingtheirpricescompetitive.Butonce

customersnoticethechange,theymightfeelfooled,leadingtoalossoftrustandconfidence.（对

许多公司来说，缩水式通胀似乎是不可避免的。例如，在消费者对价格高度敏感的食品行业，

提高价格可能会让消费者跳槽到另一个品牌。但是面对持续的通货膨胀，公司不得不做些什

么来维持他们的利润O把产品的尺寸缩小一点可以使他们在保持价格竞争力的同时提高利润。

但是，一旦客户注意到这种变化，他们可能会觉得自己被愚弄了，从而导致信任和信心的丧

失）”可知，作者在本段中提到迫于市场的诸多因素，对许多公司来说缩水式通货膨胀是无法

避免的，这可以保证其公司在市场的竞争力。但消费者可能会感觉受到了欺骗，导致信任和

信心的丧失。因此，作者对于缩水式通货膨胀的态度是客观的，既指出了其带来的问题，也

指出了其对公司的好处，故选B。

11.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Consumersmayneedtoexaminebothpriceandsizesensibly

astheyshop,andmakesuretheydon'tfallintothetrapofthatsupersizeontheshelf.（消费者在

购物时可能需要理智地检查价格和尺码，并确保自己不会落入货架上超大尺码的陷阱）”可知,

本段提到消费者在购物时需要明智地考虑价格和尺寸，确保自己不会陷入价格陷阱。因此，

消费者应该做出明智的决定，故选D。

12.D13.D14.A15.C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了模仿对于人际互动，学习和人类文明演进的重要性。

12.推理判断题。根据第一段“Welearnabouttheworldthroughtheknowledgeaccumulatedover

thousandsofyears,standingontheshouldersofgreatmen,wedon'thavetoexperienceendless

trialanderror,justasthewheelsdonothavetobereinventedeachtimetorunacar.Butwhere

答案第3页，共12页

doesourabilitytolearnfromotherscomefrom?（我们通过几千年积累的知识来了解世界。站在

伟人的肩膀上,我们不必经历无尽的尝试和错误,就像汽车的轮子不必每次都重新发明一样。

但是我们向别人学习的能力从何而来呢？）”和第二段"It'sgenerallyassumedthatchildren's

abilitytoimitate（模仿）isinborn,butaccordingtoourobservation,childrenimitatebecausethey

themselvesareimitatedbycaregivers.Thisinteractionenablesaculturaltransferofknowledge,

which,throughgenerations?efforts,consequentlyleadstothedevelopmentofhumanbeings（人们

通常认为孩子的模仿能力是天生的，但根据我们的观察，孩子模仿是因为他们自己被照顾者

模仿。这种相互作用使知识的文化转移成为可能，通过几代人的努力，知识的文化转移最终

导致了人类的发展）”可推知，作者提到轮子的例子是为了强调先前知识的重要性。正是站在

巨人的肩膀上，我们不必再重新进行研究和试验。故选D。

13.细节理解题。根据第三段“Thelong-termstudyshowedthatthemoresensitiveamotherwas

inherinteractionswithhersix-month-oldchildandthemoreoftensheimitatedthebaby,the

greaterthechild'soverallabilitywasattheageofl8months.（这项长期研究表明，母亲在与6个

月大的孩子互动时越敏感，她模仿孩子的次数越多，孩子在18个月大时的整体能力就越强广

可知，Paulus的研究表明，妈妈越频繁地模仿孩子，孩子的发育水平越好。因此可知，有效

的互动促进了孩子们的发展。故选D。

14.词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“oflearningand,finally,givesrisetoevolutionarysucces