高中英语必修5讲义Module1Section3

[语法初识]原句感知自主探究1.ALondonerhasmoredifficultyunderstandingaScotsmanfromGlasgowthanunderstandingaNewYorker.2．Someexpertsbelievethatthetwovarietiesaremovingclosertogether.3．Thisinternationaldimensionsuggeststhatinthefuture,therearegoingtobemany“Englishes”，notjusttwomainvarieties.4．UsersofEnglishwillbe

abletounderstandeachother—wherevertheyare.5．ManyfactorshaveinfluencedAmericanpronunciationsincethefirstsettlersarrivedfourhundredyearsago.1.句1用了一般现在时态，表示经常或习惯性发生的动作，当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。2．句2用了现在进行时态，表示现阶段正在进行的动作，谓语动词的构成为：be_(am/is/are)＋doing。3．句3和句4用了将来时态，句3表示“有征兆或迹象会发生某事”，句4表示将要发生的动作或状态。4．句5用了现在完成时态，表示该动作发生在过去，持续到了现在，谓语动词的构成为：have/has＋done。[语法剖析]语法点一四种时态的基本用法时态基本用法谓语构成 一般现在时①现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态；②主语的特征、性格、能力等do/does 现在进行时表示现在或目前一段时间内正在进行的动作is/am/aredoing 一般将来时表示现在看来即将发生的动作或存在的状态will/shalldo 现在完成时①表示动作发生在过去，但对现在造成一定的影响或结果；②表示从过去开始持续到现在并有可能继续下去的动作或状态，往往与表示一段时间的状语连用have/hasdone

Healwayssleepswiththewindowopen.他总是开着窗户睡觉。Alltheclassmatesarereviewingthelessonintheclassroomnow.同学们正在教室里复习功课。Leaveshavestartedtochangecolour;itwillbeautumnsoon.树叶开始变色；秋天就要来了。HehaslivedinLondonsincethreeyearsago.自从三年前他就住在伦敦。集中演练11－1.单句语法填空①Sofar,thefarmerhas_looked(look)forthemissinggoatforseveralhours.②Hehas_been(be)inthearmyfortwoyears.③Mybrotherplays(play)footballquitewell,buthehasn'tplayeditsincelastyear.④Youwill_get(get)wetifyougooutwithoutanumbrella.⑤Nowthesituationis_being(bee)worsebecauseofhercarelessness.⑥Thefactisthatthosescientistsare_studying(study)thiskindofdiseasethesedays.⑦Ithinktheywill_help(help)youifyoucantellthem.⑧Idon'tknowwhatwill_happen(happen)inthefuture.⑨It'ssaidthatthetwoplanetsare_moving(move)closerandcloser,andthat'sthereasonwhysomanyearthquakesoccur.⑩Thiscoatcostsalotandtheclothwashes(wash)well.1－2.完成句子⑪Thenewtypeofcellphonewill_sell_better(将会更畅销)ifitisadvertisedonTV.⑫WhenIseeAliceinthestreet,shealwayssmiles_at_me(朝我微笑)．⑬Don'ttakethecameraaway.Mywifeis_using_it(正在使用)．⑭Ihave_sat_for_hours_in_the_classroom(一连几小时坐在教室里),readinganovel.⑮Hehas_recently_joined(最近加入了)theboardofthepany.语法点二四种时态的特殊用法1．一般现在时可表示客观事实或普遍真理。Columbusprovedthattheearthisround.哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。2．现在进行时与always,constantly,forever等频度副词连用时表示赞扬、批评、不满、惊奇等感情色彩。Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.他总是想着别人。Youarealwayschangingyourmind.你总是改变主意。3．一般将来时可表示客观预测或临时决定。Willwemeetaliensinthefuture?我们会在未来遇见外星人吗？—DidyoutellJuliaabouttheresult?—Oh,no,Iforgot.Iwillcallhernow.——你告诉朱莉娅结果了吗？——哦，没有，我忘了。我现在就给她打。4．使用现在完成时的特殊句型(1)“Itisthefirst/second...time＋从句”句型中的从句部分常使用现在完成时。ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.这是我第一次参观这座城市。(2)It/This/Thatisthe＋形容词最高级＋名词＋that从句中，that从句要用现在完成时。ThisisthebestfilmIhaveseen.这是我看过的最好的电影。集中演练22－1.单句语法填空①Anappleadaykeeps(keep)thedoctoraway.②—Tomwasinjuredbadlyintheaccidentyesterday.—Oh,Ididn'tknow.Iwill_see(see)himafterwork.③ItisthefirsttimeIhave_driven(drive)acar.④Thisisthemostinterestingfilmhehas_made(make)．2－2.完成句子⑤Heis_always_thinking_ofhowhecoulddomoreforthepeople.他总是想着怎样才能为人们多做些事情。⑥Insummer,daysare_longerthannights.夏天白天比夜晚长。⑦—Tomwasinjuredbadlyintheaccidentyesterday.—Oh,Ididn'tknow.Iwill_seehimafterwork.——汤姆在昨天的事故中受伤很严重。——哦，我不知道。我下班后去看他。⑧ThisisthebestvoicethatIhave_heard．这是我听过的最好的嗓音。语法点三一般将来时的几种常见表达方式1．一般现在时表将来(1)当主句为将来时态或表示将来意义时，时间、条件或让步状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来。Weshallnotbeginthediscussionuntilhearrives.等他来了，我们再开始讨论。(2)表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的动作时用一般现在时表示将来。Theplanetakesoffat10a．m.飞机上午10点起飞。2．现在进行时表示将来一些短暂性动词，如die,stop,start,finish,approach,e等的现在进行时可以表示即将发生的动作。MymotherisingtovisitmenextweekandisstayinghereuntilMay.我妈妈下周将来看我，并会待到5月。3．begoingtodo该结构表示“打算去做……”以及根据一些迹象判断要发生某事。ThisisjustwhatIamgoingtosay.这正是我想说的。Lookatthedarkclouds;Iguessitisgoingtorainthisafternoon.看这些乌云，我想今天下午要下雨了。4．beabouttodo该结构表示“即将、正要”，强调近期内或马上要做，不与具体的时间状语连用。Don'tworry.Iamabouttomakeacloseexaminationonyou.别担心。我马上就给你做一次仔细的检查。5．beto＋动词原形该结构表示“按计划、安排或打算要做某事”，有时强调决心。Sheistogetmarriednextmonth.她将于下个月结婚。集中演练33－1.单句语法填空①Heisgoingtovisithisauntassoonashearrives(arrive)inBeijing.②Lookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight4026takes(take)offat18：20.③Nooneis_to_leave(leave)thisbuildingwithoutthepermissionofthepolice.④Themeetingis_beginning/begins(begin)atthreethisafternoon.3－2.单句改错⑤Imustfinishtheworkbeforeshewillreturn.will_return→returns⑥Thetrainwillpullinat3.Itisnow2：30.Wemusthurrytothestationtomeetourparents.will_pull→pulls⑦Theregoesthebell.Thefilmwillbegin.will→is_about_to⑧Lookattheclouds.Therewillbeastorm.will→is_going_to[链接高考]单句语法填空1．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Thiscyclegoes(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset(抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.解析：考查主谓一致和时态。主语是thiscycle，且此处表示目前的情况，所以用goes。2．(2015·北京高考)Inthelastfewyears,Chinahas_made(make)greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.解析：考查时态。句意：在过去几年里，中国在环境保护方面取得了极大的成就。根据句意和时间状语Inthelastfewyears可知，应该使用现在完成时态。3．(2015·北京高考)—Dr.Jacksonisnotinhisofficeatthemoment.—Allright.Iwill_call(call)himlater.解析：考查时态。句意：“约翰逊博士现在不在办公室。”“好的，我待会儿再打给他。”由时间状语later和情景可知，此处表示临时性的打算，应该使用will表示一般将来时。4．(2015·湖南高考)Asyougothroughthisbook,youwill_find(find)thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience.解析：考查时态。句意：当你在浏览这本书的时候你将发现数百万经历过第二次世界大战的人都有一个不同的经历。分析句子结构得知as引导一个时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时态，主句用将来时态。5．(2014·北京高考)—Hi,let'sgoskating.—Sorry,I'mbusyrightnow.Iam_filling(fill)inanapplicationformforanewjob.解析：考查动词时态。句意：“嗨，我们去滑冰吧。”“抱歉，我现在很忙。”我正在填一份新工作的申请表。此句表示说话时正在发生的动作，用现在进行时。6．(2014·大纲卷)Thereportswentmissingin2012andnobodyhas_seen(see)themsince.解析：考查动词的时态。句意：在2012年丢失了那些报告，至今也没有找到。根据since可知，此处指sincethereportswentmissingin2012，句子用现在完成时。[针对演练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．I'msorryIhave_lost(lose)mykey.Ican'topenthedoor.2．It'ssaidthattwoplatesare_moving(move)closerandcloser,andthat'sthereasonwhysomanyearthquakesoccur.3．ThisisthefirsttimethatIhave_seen(see)thiskindoffilm.4．Theteachertoldusthatlighttravels(travel)fasterthansound.5．Wewilllosemoneythisyearunlesstheneweconomicplanofyoursworks(work)miracle.6．Thissongsoundsverypleasant.Let'sgoupstairsandseewhois_singing(sing)．7.—IthoughtIhadremindedyoutotakeouttherubbish.—Oh,Iforgot.Iwill_do(do)itrightnow.8．Thetelephonehas_rung(ring)fivetimesinthelasttwohours,andeachtimeitwasformyfather.9．Thelittlegirlisveryhappy,becauseshehas_sold(sell)outalltheflowers.10．Ithinktheywill_help(help)youifyoutellthem.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Iwill_not_believeyouunlessIhaveseenitwithmyowneyes.除非我亲眼看到，否则我不会相信你的。2．Theyare_going_to_haveapetitionwithus.他们打算跟我们举行一场比赛。3．Ihave_experiencedalotinthepastthreeyears.在过去的三年里我经历了很多事情。4．Itseldomsnowshereinwinter.冬天这个地方很少下雪。5．Mr.Greenis_writinganothernovelthismonth.这个月格林先生在写另一部小说。Ⅲ.短文改错Accor