浙江省嘉兴市桐乡市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题（含答案解析）

2024年1月高三期末考试英语试题卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whattimewillthewomanbeattheparty?A.Atabout8:30p.m.B.Atabout8:00p.m.C.Atabout7:30p.m.2.Whenwilltheman’ssistercomebackhome?A.InearlyJune.B.InearlyJuly.C.InearlyAugust.3.WhywasthemaninNewYork?A.Hewasonvacation.B.Hewasvisitinghisuncle.C.Hewasonabusinesstrip.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthelecture?A.Interestingbuttoolong.B.Excitingbuttooshort.C.Tooshortandboring.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inanoffice.B.Inanapartment.C.Inanelevator.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesn’tthewomannormallydrinkcoffee?A.Becauseofitstaste.B.Becauseofitseffect.C.Becauseofitssmell.7.Howdoesthemanlikehiscoffee?A.Withnothingadded.B.Withsugarinit.C.Withmilkinit.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthewomanoftenhaveforlunch?A.Leftoverfromthenightbefore.B.Saladmadebyherself.C.Foodfromrestaurants.9.Whendoesthewomanwashtheingredients?A.Inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.Intheevening.所第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friendsatschool.B.Brotherandsister.C.Shopkeeperandcustomer.11.Whatshoesizedoesthewomanwear?A.34.B.36.C.38.12.Howmucharetheshoesonlineatthemoment?A.$90.B.$100.C.$110.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’sapartment?A.Itdoesn’thaveabathroom.B.It’sinbadcondition.C.Ithastwobedrooms.14.Howmanyapartmentsdoestheman’scompanyhaveforrent?A.200B.500.C.700.15.Whatmightmatterthemosttothewomanaboutrentinganapartment?A.Theprice.B.Thesize.C.Thelocation.16.Whatmightthewomanbe?A.Aprofessor.B.Astudent.C.Anagent.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whydofarmersplaysoftmusicforcows?A.Tomakethemproducemoremilk.B.Tomakethembecomehealthier.C.Tomakethemgetfatter.18.Howshouldagoodbosstreathisworkersaccordingtothespeaker?A.Byreducingtheirstress.B.Bygivingthemmoremoney.C.Bymakingtheirworktimeshort.19.Howmanyworkerstookpartinthesurvey?A.46.B.700.C.2million.20.Whenshouldabosspraisehisworkersaccordingtothespeaker?A.Whentheywanttodomorework.B.Whentheyhavedonetheirworkwell.C.Whentheyfinishtheirworkaheadoftime.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。ANobodylikestospendmoneyonanewbookonlytofacedisappointmentwhenitdoesn’tliveuptoyourexpectations.Herearethebestbookreviewsitestohelpyouavoidbuyingbooksthatyou’llregretreading.GoodreadsGoodreadsistheleadingonlinecommunityforbooklovers.Ifyouwantsomeinspirationforwhichnovelorbiographytoreadnext,thisisthebestbookreviewsitetovisit.Thereareanendlessnumberofuser-generatedreadingliststoexplore.FantasyBookReviewFantasyBookReviewshouldbehighonthelistforanyonewhoisafanoffantasyworks.Thebookreviewsitepublishesreviewsforbothchildren’sbooksandadults’books.Ithasasectiononthetopfantasybooksofalltime.BooklistBooklistisaprintmagazinethatalsooffersanonlineportal.TrustedexpertsfromtheAmericanLibraryAssociationwriteallthebookreviews.Youcanseepartsofreviewsfordifferentbooks.However,toreadtheminfull,youwillneedtosubscribe.YouTubeYouTubeisnotthetypeofplacethatimmediatelyspringstomindwhenyouthinkofthebestbookreviewsitesonline.However,thereareseveralengagingYouTubechannelsthatfrequentlyofferopinionsonbooksthey’veread.Althoughit’seasytobeattractedbyanimpressivebookcover,it’salwaysbesttohaveaquicklookatthebookreviewsbeforeactuallybuyingacopy.Thisway,youcansaveyourmoneyandspenditonthebooksthatyou’llbeproudtodisplayonyourshelvesforalongtime.1.Whichsitebestsuitspeoplewhoareintothestoryofoneperson’slife?A.Goodreads. B.FantasyBookReview.C.Booklist. D.YouTube.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoonBooklist?A.Editbookreviews. B.Discusswithexperts.C.Readfullreviewsafterpayment. D.Findinformationaboutwriters.3.Whatisrecommendedbeforebuyingabook?A.Notingthebookcover. B.Readingthebookreviews.C.Preparingadisplayshelf. D.Checkingthebook’sratings.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个书评网站的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Goodreads中“Ifyouwantsomeinspirationforwhichnovelorbiographytoreadnext,thisisthebestbookreviewsitetovisit.(如果你想要一些下一本小说或传记的灵感，这是最好的书评网站访问)”可知，Goodreads最适合想买传记的人。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Booklist中“Youcanseepartsofreviewsfordifferentbooks.However,toreadtheminfull,youwillneedtosubscribe.(你可以看到不同书籍的部分评论。然而，要完整阅读它们，你需要订阅)”可知，访客可以在Booklist上付款后阅读完整的评论。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据YouTube中“Althoughit’seasytobeattractedbyanimpressivebookcover,it’salwaysbesttohaveaquicklookatthebookreviewsbeforeactuallybuyingacopy.(尽管人们很容易被一本令人印象深刻的书的封面所吸引，但在真正购买之前，最好还是快速浏览一下书评)”可知，在买书之前，建议阅读书评。故选B项。BIt’saclassicstory:Akidisforcedtolearnaninstrumentfromayoungage,theyplayitthroughouttheirchildhood,andtheydevelopabittersweetrelationshipwithit.Istheconstantbattlebetweentheloveforthemusicandthehatefortheconstantchallengeworththefight?Forme,itwas.IstartedplayingthepianowhenIwasfour-thatwas15yearsago!Thiswashugecommitment,sotheremusthavebeensomethingworthholdingonto,right?TheeasyguessisthatIwaspurelyinlovewithmusicandpiano.Althoughthat’sthesweetertale,it’sabitmorecomplicated.Istruggledalotwithpiano.Familyandpeerswere,atleastinmyownhead,constantlyplacedbesidemeincompetition.Ifeltpressuretobethebestinordertoprovesomethingtoothers-andmoredevastatingly(破坏性地)toprovesomethingtomyself.Theseedofmymusicalinterestwasgrowninthesunlightofcompetitionanddoubt.Hatesprouted(滋生)whenmyself-criticismhittoohard.It’sdifficulttolearntolovesomethingthatdidn’toriginatefromlove.Forawhile,pianowasmoreofanannoyancethanahobby.Butsomehow,lovegrew.Itwasdeeplyburied.Butitwasthere,andbyhighschool,itwasstrongenoughthatwhenIwastrulyonthevergeofquittinganykindofformaltraining.Ifoundthestrengthtoholdontighter,anddigfurther.Iswitchedteachers,andgotincrediblyluckywithonewhohelpedmetunnelintowhatIloved.Ilearnedpiecesformyself,Icomposedformyself,andIfoundconfidencenotbecauseIgot“goodenough,”butbecauseIlearnedthatanythingIhadwasgoodenough.TheloveandhateI’vehadforthepianowerebothplantedandgrown.Ifyoutoohavelearnedtohatesomething,rememberthatwithcommitment,itcanbeuprooted,andlovecanmakeahomeinitsplace.Thereisalwaystime.Thereisalwaysroom.4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingaclassicstory?A.Thebenefitsofmusic.B.Kids’struggleinlearninginstruments.C.Kids’bittersweetchildhood.D.Thepopularityoflearninginstruments.5.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor’sexperienceofplayingthepiano?A.Shefinallyquitformaltraining.BShenevertreateditasherhobby.C.Shewasinpurelovewithmusicandpiano.D.Sheonceexperiencedgreatpressurefromherself.6.Whathelpedtheauthorfindconfidence?A.Herattitude. B.Hertraining.C.Hercompromise. D.Herachievement.7.Whatmessageismainlydeliveredinthepassage?A.Practicemakesperfect.B.Loveisathingthatgrows.C.Contentisbetterthanriches.D.Chancefavorsthepreparedmind.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.B【解析】【导语】Z这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述自己在学习钢琴过程中的爱与恨以及自己感悟。【4题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“It’saclassicstory:Akidisforcedtolearnaninstrumentfromayoungage,theyplayitthroughouttheirchildhood,andtheydevelopabittersweetrelationshipwithit.Istheconstantbattlebetweentheloveforthemusicandthehatefortheconstantchallengeworththefight?Forme,itwas.(这是一个经典的故事：一个孩子从小就被迫学习一种乐器，他们在整个童年时期都在演奏，并与之发展出苦乐参半的关系。对音乐的热爱和对不断挑战的憎恨之间不断的斗争值得吗？对我来说，是的。)”可知，文章讲故事是为了说明孩子们在学乐器方面的挣扎，然后引出介绍自己的情况。故选B项。5题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段“Ifeltpressuretobethebestinordertoprovesomethingtoothers-andmoredevastatingly(破坏性地)toprovesomethingtomyself.Theseedofmymusicalinterestwasgrowninthesunlightofcompetitionanddoubt.(为了向别人证明一些东西，我感受到了成为最好的人的压力——更具毁灭性的是，为了向自己证明一些东西。我对音乐的兴趣在竞争和怀疑的阳光下生长。)”可知，作者曾经经历了来自自己的巨大压力。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段“Ilearnedpiecesformyself,Icomposedformyself,andIfoundconfidencenotbecauseIgot“goodenough,”butbecauseIlearnedthatanythingIhadwasgoodenough.(我为自己学习曲子，为自己作曲，我找到了自信，不是因为我“足够好”，而是因为我知道我所拥有的一切都足够好。)”可知，作者找到自信地原因是自己态度的转变，对一切的重新认识。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“It’sdifficulttolearntolovesomethingthatdidn’toriginatefromlove.(很难学会去爱一些不是源于爱的东西。)”以及文章最后一段“TheloveandhateI’vehadforthepianowerebothplantedandgrown.Ifyoutoohavelearnedtohatesomething,rememberthatwithcommitment,itcanbeuprooted,andlovecanmakeahomeinitsplace.Thereisalwaystime.Thereisalwaysroom.(我对钢琴的爱和恨都是种下的，也是成长的。如果你也学会了憎恨某件事，请记住，有了承诺，它可以被连根拔起，爱可以在它的地方建立一个家。时间总是有的。空间也总是有的。)”以及上下文可知，文章通过自己练钢琴的经历领悟到：对东西的爱是可以逐渐培养形成的，所以B项Loveisathingthatgrows(爱是一种成长的东西)符合文意。故选B项。CAroundtheglobefarmorebirdspeciesarelosinggroundthangaining,accordingtoanexpansivereviewofahalf-centuryofbirdpopulationresearchpublishedinthejournalAnnualReviewofEnvironmentandResourcesinMay.Thereview,entitledTheStateoftheWorld’sBirds,showedthatmorethan5,200differentspeciesofbirds-justshyofhalftheworld’stotal-areknownorsuspectedtobedeclining.Around3,800speciesarerelativelystable,andfewerthan700speciesshowincreases.AmongbirdsontheIUCNRedListofThreatenedSpecies,almost400birdsworldwidehavehadtheirconservationstatuschangedfortheworseinthepastthreedecades(movingfromvulnerabletothreatened,orthreatenedtoendangered)—fivetimesmorethanthenumberofbirdspecieswithanIUCNstatusthathaschangedforthebetter.“Afterdocumentingthelossofnearly3billionbirdsinNorthAmericaalone(accordingtoa2019studypublishedinthejournalScience),itwasdisturbingtoseethesamepatternsofpopulationdeclinesandextinctionoccurringglobally,”saysreviewcoauthorKenRosenberg,aconservationscientistnowretiredfromtheCormellLabofOmithology.Thereviewpointstodisappearinganddegradedhabitat-resultingfromclimatechange,urbanization,agriculturalintensification,andinternationaltrade-astheleadingdriverofbirddeclinesworldwide.Inanoteofhope,theauthorscitea2020studyindicatingthatrestoringjust5%ofhabitatinpriorityareasaroundtheworldcouldavert60%oflikelyextinctions.LeadauthorAlexanderLees,aresearchassociateattheCormellLab,alsopointstotheneedforsubstantialchangesinhumanbehaviortopreventfurtherlosses.“Lossanddegradationofhabitatisoftendrivenbydemandforresources,”saysLees.“Weneedtobetterconsiderhowcommodityflowssuchasbeef,oil,andseedcropscancontributetobiodiversitylossandtrytoreducethehumanfootprintonthenaturalworld.”8.InwhatorderarethreatenedspeciesarrangedontheIUCN’sRedList?A.Speciesquantity. B.Livinghabitat. C.Decliningrate. D.Conservationstatus.9.HowdoesKenRosenbergfeelwhensayingthewords?A.Hopeful. B.Relieved. C.Doubtful. D.Concerned.10.Whatdoestheunderlined“avert”meaninparagraph4?A.Prevent. B.Increase. C.Cause. D.Face.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Extrareasonsforbirdextinction. B.Possiblesolutionstohabitatloss.C.Substantialchangesinhumanbehavior. D.Theprospectofbiodiversityloss.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了今年5月发表在《环境与资源年度评论》杂志上的一篇对半个世纪鸟类种群研究的综述称，在全球范围内，失去的鸟类物种远远多于增加的鸟类物种。这篇题为《世界鸟类状况》的综述显示，超过5200种不同的鸟类——略少于世界鸟类总数的一半——已知或怀疑正在减少。文章主要对鸟类保护展开了说明。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“AmongbirdsontheIUCNRedListofThreatenedSpecies,almost400birdsworldwidehavehadtheirconservationstatuschangedfortheworseinthepastthreedecades(movingfromvulnerabletothreatened,orthreatenedtoendangered)—fivetimesmorethanthenumberofbirdspecieswithanIUCNstatusthathaschangedforthebetter.(在世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录上的鸟类中，全球有近400种鸟类的保护状况在过去30年里发生了恶化（从易危到受威胁，或从受威胁到濒危）——这是国际自然保护联盟保护状况好转的鸟类数量的5倍多)”可知，世界自然保护联盟红色名录上的濒危物种是按保护状况排列的。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段““Afterdocumentingthelossofnearly3billionbirdsinNorthAmericaalone(accordingtoa2019studypublishedinthejournalScience),itwasdisturbingtoseethesamepatternsofpopulationdeclinesandextinctionoccurringglobally,”saysreviewcoauthorKenRosenberg,aconservationscientistnowretiredfromtheCormellLabofOmithology.(“根据2019年发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究，仅在记录了北美地区近30亿只鸟类的损失后，看到同样的数量下降和灭绝模式在全球发生，令人不安”该综述的合著者、现已从科梅尔鸟类学实验室退休的保护科学家肯·罗森伯格说)”可知，肯·罗森伯格说这句话感到担忧。故选D。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Inanoteofhope,theauthorscitea2020studyindicatingthatrestoringjust5%ofhabitatinpriorityareasaroundtheworldcould”以及后文“60%oflikelyextinctions”可知，在一份充满希望的报告中，作者引用了2020年的一项研究，该研究表明，只要恢复世界各地重点地区5%的栖息地，就可以阻止60%的可能灭绝。故画线词意思是“阻止”。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“LeadauthorAlexanderLees,aresearchassociateattheCormellLab,alsopointstotheneedforsubstantialchangesinhumanbehaviortopreventfurtherlosses.“Lossanddegradationofhabitatisoftendrivenbydemandforresources,”saysLees.“Weneedtobetterconsiderhowcommodityflowssuchasbeef,oil,andseedcropscancontributetobiodiversitylossandtrytoreducethehumanfootprintonthenaturalworld.”(该研究的主要作者、科梅尔实验室的助理研究员亚历山大·李斯还指出，为了防止进一步的损失，人类行为需要发生实质性的改变。“栖息地的丧失和退化往往是由对资源的需求引起的，”李斯说。“我们需要更好地考虑牛肉、石油和种子作物等商品流动是如何导致生物多样性丧失的，并努力减少人类对自然界的足迹。”)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是栖息地丧失的可能解决办法。故选B。DAdoctorwalkedintoanoperatingroomwhereanoperationwasbeingperformed.Everythingseemedtobegoingwell,butthedoctornoticedthatnoonewaswearingafacemask.Hewassurprised—wearingafacemaskisabasichospitalprocedure.Buthedidn’tsayanything.Theoperationwasasuccess,butafewdayslaterthepatientcamedownwithafever.Itturnedoutthatshehadcontractedaseriousinfection,probablybecausethedoctorsandnurseshadn’tfollowedasimplerule.AtulGawandewasinterestedinthatstoryandcarriedoutaresearchontheimportanceofachecklisttoboosthospitalservices.Gawandeisadoctorhimself,andinhisresearchhesuggeststhatifsurgeonsrunthroughasimplechecklistbeforeeveryoperation,thenliveswillbesaved.Andhe’sgotthenumberstoproveit.In2001,anexperimentatanAmericanhospitalrequireddoctorstouseafive-pointchecklistbeforetheycarriedoutspecificprocedures.Thechecklistwasjustalistofroutinethingsdoctorshouldnormallydowithoutthinking—wearinglatexgloves,washingtheirhandsbeforeandaftereverypatient,andsoon.Bymakingsurethatthechecklistwasfollowed,therewerealmostnoinfectionsduringthe27monthsoftheexperiment,andtheyestimatethataroundeightlivesweresaved.WhenthechecklistwastestedagaininhospitalsinMichigan,infectionswentdownby66percent.Inhisstudy,Gawandelooksatotherprofessions,too,tosupporthisargumentthatchecklistsreduceaccidentsandimprovesuccessrates.Hepointsoutthatpeoplelikeengineersandpilotsusechecklistsallthetime,andhecomesupwithsomegoodexamples.Justimaginethatanairplanecrashedbecausethepilothadfailedtofollowbasicprocedures.Supposeaskyscrapercollapsedbecausetheengineershadn’trememberedtodosomeimportantcalculations.Peoplewoulddemandthatofficialslookintotheseeventsimmediately.Gawande’sstudyfindingisreallyinterestingandreceivedmuchpublicattention.Itremindsusthatsometimestheeasiestwaytoavoidmakingmistakesistofollowaverysimplesetofrules.It’srelevantforallofus,notjustfordoctors.12.Thefunctionofthefirstparagraphinthistextisto________.A.introducetheoriginoftheideaforGawande’sstudyB.explaintheimportanceofthebasichospitalprocedureC.explorethecausesofinfectionsamongpatientsinhospitalsD.emphasizetheurgencyofprovidingrelevanttrainingtodoctors13.Whatarethetwoexperimentsinparagraph2intendedtoprove?A.Youngmedicalstaffneedfollowthechecklists.B.Checklistsarenecessaryforhospitalsinparticular.C.Hospitalsarerequiredtomaintaingoodmanagement.D.Medicalinfectionscanbereducedbyobservingasetofrules.14.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Aircrasheshardlyoccurredwiththebasicprocedures.B.Gawandeintendstopromotehisideatootherprofessions.C.Highbuildingsmaycollapseduetoengineers’miscalculations.D.Peoplethinkitamustforapilotorengineertousetheirchecklists.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardGawande’sstudy?A.Unclear. B.Dismissive. C.Approving. D.Doubtful.【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了医生AtulGawande受到一个医疗事件的启发，着手研究如何通过严格执行操作程序清单提升医疗服务及其对其他行业的重要性。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Itturnedoutthatshehadcontractedaseriousinfection,probablybecausethedoctorsandnurseshadn’tfollowedasimplerule.(结果她得了严重的感染，可能是因为医生和护士没有遵守一个简单的规则)”及第二段第一句“AtulGawandewasinterestedinthatstoryandcarriedoutaresearchontheimportanceofachecklisttoboosthospitalservices.(AtulGawande对这个故事很感兴趣，并开展了一项关于清单对提高医院服务的重要性的研究)”可知，第一段描述的医疗事故激发了AtulGawande去研究严格执行操作程序清单的重要性，故第一段介绍了AtulGawande的研究想法的来源。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Bymakingsurethatthechecklistwasfollowed,therewerealmostnoinfectionsduringthe27monthsoftheexperiment,andtheyestimatethataroundeightlivesweresaved.WhenthechecklistwastestedagaininhospitalsinMichigan,infectionswentdownby66percent.(通过确保遵守清单，在27个月的实验中几乎没有感染，他们估计大约有8条生命得救。当这份清单在密歇根州的医院再次进行测试时，感染率下降了66%)”可知，这两个实验都表明严格执行操作程序清单可以减少医疗事故，提高手术成功率。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Hepointsoutthatpeoplelikeengineersandpilotsusechecklistsallthetime,andhecomesupwithsomegoodexamples.Justimaginethatanairplanecrashedbecausethepilothadfailedtofollowbasicprocedures.Supposeaskyscrapercollapsedbecausetheengineershadn’trememberedtodosomeimportantcalculations.(他指出，像工程师和飞行员这样的人一直在使用清单，他举出了一些很好的例子。想象一下，一架飞机因为飞行员没有遵守基本程序而坠毁。假设一座摩天大楼因为工程师们忘记做一些重要的计算而倒塌)”可知，Gawande发现严格遵守操作程序对其他行业的重要性。像工程师及飞行员等职业稍一疏忽就会造成重大的事故，故飞行员或工程师必须严格执行操作程序清单。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Gawande’sstudyfindingisreallyinterestingandreceivedmuchpublicattention.Itremindsusthatsometimestheeasiestwaytoavoidmakingmistakesistofollowaverysimplesetofrules.It’srelevantforallofus,notjustfordoctors.(Gawande的研究发现非常有趣，受到了公众的广泛关注。它提醒我们，有时候避免犯错最简单的方法就是遵循一套非常简单的规则。这与我们所有人都相关，而不仅仅是医生)”可知，作者认为Gawande的研究非常有价值，对其持认可的态度。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverfelttheneedtobealoneforawhile?Idon’tmeansituationswhenyoushouldbealone,butoccasionswhereyouarewithagroupofpeopleatapartyorarestaurant.Yougettiredofjumpingfromconversationtoconversation,andyourmindstartstowandertowardsthatinterestingbookyoulefthalfwaydone,orthatmovieyouhavebeenmeaningtowatch.___16___Nowbeforeyourushtodefense,pleaseunderstandthatbeinganintrovert(内向的人)iscompletelynormal.Acommonmisunderstandingaboutintrovertsisthattheyarelonersoranti-social.___17___Theyhavefriends,probablynotasmanyasextroverts(外向的人),butenoughtosuittheirneedsforhumaninteraction.Scientifically,allhumansfallsomewherebetweenbeinganintrovertandbeinganextrovert,andatleast25percentofusareintroverts.___18___Therefore,theabilitytonetworkisextremelyvaluable.Ofcourse,sometimesintrovertsmightbeascapableoftalkingwithpeopleasextroverts,butsometimestheyhavetoforcethemselvestoengagewithothersinorderto“fitin”.Whileextrovertsfeelcomfortableshakinghandsandmakingjokes,introvertsgetincreasinglyexhausted.___19___Fortheintroverted,tocontinueinthisawkwardsituationcouldreallyendupbringingthemharm,withindividualsreportingtosufferfromlossofsleep,panicattacksanddepression.___20___Theyformdeepthoughts,conductthemselvescarefully,andpaysignificantattentiontodetail.So,forthebestresultsinaprojectinvolvinggroupwork,bothintrovertsandextrovertsareneeded.A.Societyappearstofavorextroverts.B.Mostintroverts,however,arejustregularpeople.C.Thesearefeelingsusuallytypicalofanintrovert.D.Introvertstendtorecoverbyspendingtimealone.E.Youmighthaveignoredthat“strange”thoughtyouhadbefore.F.Introverts,justlikeextroverts,havetheirownsetofadvantages.G.Evenifstandingaloneforawhile,theygetasked“Whyareyouallbyyourself?”【答案】16.C17.B18.A19.G20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要对内向的人进行了相关解读和介绍。【16题详解】根据空处上句“Yougettiredofjumpingfromconversationtoconversation,andyourmindstartstowandertowardsthatinterestingbookyoulefthalfwaydone,orthatmovieyouhavebeenmeaningtowatch.（你厌倦了从一个话题跳到另一个话题，你的思想开始徘徊在那本有趣的书上，或者你一直想看的电影上。）”可知，这里是在介绍内向者的某些典型特征，而C项“Thesearefeelingsusuallytypicalofanintrovert.（这些都是典型的内向者的感觉。）”是对上句的总结和承接。故选C项。【17题详解】根据空处上句“Acommonmisunderstandingaboutintrovertsisthattheyarelonersoranti-social.（对内向者的一个常见误解是，他们是孤独者或反社会者。）”可知，B选项“Mostintroverts,however,arejustregularpeople.（然而，大多数内向的人只是普通人。）”和上句均是对内向者的一种解读，且互为转折关系。故选B项。【18题详解】根据空处后两句“Therefore,theabilitytonetworkisextremelyvaluable.Ofcourse,sometimesintrovertsmightbeascapableoftalkingwithpeopleasextroverts,butsometimestheyhavetoforcethemselvestoengagewithothersinorderto“fitin”.（因此，交际能力是极其宝贵的。当然，有时内向的人可能和外向的人一样有能力与人交谈，但有时他们不得不强迫自己与他人交流以“融入”。）”可知，这里和A选项“Societyappearstofavorextroverts.（社会似乎偏爱外向的人。）”一样，都是在介绍内向的人和外向的人的交际能力的差异，且空处与下句形成因果关系，指的是以对内向的人来说，拥有交际能力在社会上显得尤为重要。故选A项。【19题详解】根据空处下句中的“Fortheintroverted,tocontinueinthisawkwardsituationcouldreallyendupbringingthemharm（对于内向的人来说，继续处于这种尴尬的境地可能最终会给他们带来伤害）”可知，G选项“Evenifstandingaloneforawhile,theygetasked“Whyareyouallbyyourself?”（即使是一个人站一会儿，他们也会被问到：“你为什么总是一个人？”）”是对下文中“thisawkwardsituation（这种尴尬的境地）”一种具体举例。故选G项。【20题详解】根据空处下句“Theyformdeepthoughts,conductthemselvescarefully,andpaysignificantattentiontodetail.（他们思想深邃，行事谨慎，注重细节。）”可知，这里是对F选项“Introverts,justlikeextroverts,havetheirownsetofadvantages.（内向的人，就像外向的人一样，有他们自己的优势。）”的进一步解释，说明内向的人的具体优势。故选F项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Jimownedastore.Acustomeronceaskedhimhowhemanagedtostay___21___allthetime.Hisanswerwas,“WhenIwakeupinthemorning,Iknowthatthedaywillhavegoodandbad___22___forme,butwhateverhappens,I’mgoingtochoosetobeinagood___23___.”Thenoneday,something___24___happened.Jimwasabouttoleavethestorewhenanarmedrobbercamein,heldhimupatgunpoint,andmadehimopenthe___25___.Ashewastryingtoopenit,Jim’shand___26___.Therobbersawthisandprobablythought,“He’sabouttoattackme!”Therobber___27___andfiredhisgun.Jimwasrushedtothehospital.Intheambulance,hefelt___28___becausetheparamedic(医务辅助人员)kepttellinghim,“I’msureyou’llbeOK.”ButwhenJimwasintheoperatingroomandhesawthefacesofthedoctorsandnurses,hegotthefeelingthattheythoughthewas___29___dead.Heknewheneededtodosomethingtochangetheir___30___.Therewasa___31___whowasaskinghimlotsofquestions,veryfast.Onequestionwas,“Areyou___32___toanything?”“Yes!”Jimsaidloudlyandeverybodystoppedwhattheyweredoing.Therewastotal___33___.“Bullets!”Jimsaid,andallthedoctorsandnursesburstout___34___.AndthenJimadded,“PleaseoperateonmethinkingthatI’lllive,andnotthatI’lldie.”Jimsurvived,thankstotheskillofthedoctorsandnurses.Butwhatalsohelpedwasthathemanagedtoremainanoptimisteveninthemost___35___momentofhislife.21.A.friendly B.enthusiastic C.generous D.positive22.A.moments B.operations C.tests D.conflicts23.A.state B.mood C.event D.luck24.A.ridiculous B.awkward C.terrible D.challenging25.A.safe B.door C.window D.parcel26.A.shook B.waved C.stretched D.slipped27.A.refused B.panicked C.hesitated D.withdrew28.A.fine B.painful C.worried D.curious29.A.nearly B.already C.definitely D.ultimately30.A.routine B.schedule C.direction D.attitude31.A.nurse B.policeman C.robber D.guard32.A.superior B.accustomed C.allergic D.sympathetic33.A.confusion B.silence C.anxiety D.violence34.A.crying B.applauding C.laughing D.debating35.A.significant B.impressive C.crucial D.desperate【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.A26.D27.B28.A29.B30.D31.A32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了吉姆是个积极乐观人，某天店里来了强盗，他被枪击中，当他被送进手术室，看到医生和护士把自己视为死人的表情，他逗笑了医生和护士，活了下来。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一位顾客曾经问他是如何一直保持积极的态度的。A.friendly友好的；B.enthusiastic热情的；C.generous慷慨的；D.positive积极的。根据后文“whateverhappens,I’mgoingtochoosetobeinagood”可知，他总是保持积极的态度。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的回答是：“当我早上醒来时，我知道这一天对我来说会有好的时刻和坏的时刻，但无论发生什么，我都会选择心情愉快。”A.moments时刻；B.operations手术；C.tests测试；D.conflicts冲突。根据上文“thedaywillhavegoodandbad”以及常识可知，一天中有好的也有好的时刻，且下文“Butwhatalsohelpedwasthathemanagedtoremainanoptimisteveninthemost15momentofhislife.”也是提示。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他回答是：“当我早上醒来时，我知道这一天对我来说会有好的时刻和坏的时刻，但无论发生什么，我都会选择心情愉快。”A.state状态；B.mood情绪；C.event活动；D.luck运气。根据下文“Butwhatalsohelpedwasthathemanagedtoremainanoptimist”可知，无论发生什么，Jim都选择保持好的心情，保持积极。故选B。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后有一天，糟糕的事情发生了。A.ridiculous可笑的；B.awkward尴尬的；C.terrible糟糕的；D.challenging挑战性的。根据后文“whenanarmedrobbercamein”可知，有强盗来了，发生了糟糕的事情。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉姆正要离开商店，这时一个持枪的强盗进来了，用枪指着他，逼他打开保险柜。A.safe保险箱；B.door门；C.window窗户；D.parcel包裹。根据上文“whenanarmedrobbercamein,heldhimupatgunpoint,andmadehimopenthe”可知，强盗是来抢劫的，因此逼他打开保险柜。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他试图打开它时，吉姆的手滑了。A.shook摇晃；B.waved挥舞；C.stretched拉长；D.slipped滑动。根据后文“Therobbersawthisandprobablythought,“He’sabouttoattackme!”(强盗看到这一幕，可能会想：“他要袭击我了!”)”可知，吉姆的手滑了一下，让强盗误会吉姆要攻击自己，故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：强盗惊慌失措，开了枪。A.refused拒绝；B.panicked恐慌；C.hesitated犹豫；D.withdrew撤回。根据上文“Therobbersawthisandprobablythought,“He’sabouttoattackme!”(抢劫犯看到这一幕，可能会想：“