状语从句专项复习讲义-高三英语一轮复习

20232024学年度高三一轮复习之状语从句专项复习与练习状语从句：用作状语的从句。状语从句一般分为九大类别：时间/地点/原因/目的/结果/条件/让步/比较/方式状语从句。一、时间状语从句1．when，while，as的用法(1).when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语可以用非延续性动词，也可以用延续性动词；while从句中的谓语必须是延续性动词。Wereyouwritingwhentheteachercamein?When/Whilemymotherwascleaningtheroom,Iwaswashingmyclothes.(2).when引导的从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时发生，也可以是从句动作先于主句的发生动作；while强调主句的动作发生在从句动作发生的过程中和主从句两个动作同时发生。Whentheclockstrucktwelve,allthelightswentout.Whiletheyweretalking,thebellrang..as既可以接延续性动词也可以接非延续性动词，但强调两个动作同时发生，常译为“一边……一边……”或者“随着”。Thestudentstooknotesastheylistened..when常用于下列句式：意为“就在那时”:bedoing…when...;beabouttodo…when...;beonthepointofdoing...when…;had(just)done…when...before的用法(1).before引导时间状语从句时表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前，翻译时比较灵活，常译为“在…之前：趁着尚未；还没等来得及。常用句型：Itwas/willbe+一段时间+before…“过了多长时间才……”Checkyourreportcarefullybeforeyouhanditin.SeveraldayshadgonebybeforeIknewmydictionarywaslost.3.since的用法:since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句常用完成时;since常出现在“Itis／hasbeen＋ー段时间＋since...”句式中，表示“自从……以来已经多长时间”。It'sbeentwoyearssincewecamehere.4.until／till的用法:这两个连词意义基本相同，均可用于肯定形式，表示“做某事直至某时”，till不能放句首。在否定形式表达“直至某时才做某事”时只能用until,即：not...until。notuntil位于句首时，主句用部分倒装；强调句型：Itisnotuntil...that...表示“一……就…”的引导词的用法：(1).assoonas;nosooner...than...;hardly/scarcely…when...；如果nosooner或hardly/scarcely置于句首，主句要用部分倒装；instantly/immediately/directly；thesecond/theminute/themoment/theinstant可直接引导时间状语从句；(2).thefirsttime/everytime/eachtime/nexttime/bythetime...可直接引导时间状语从句。注意:bythetime引导时间状语从句时，主句谓语常用完成时。二、原因状语从句1.because/as/for的用法：because语气最强，表示必然的因果关系，用来回答why的提问；as语气较弱，通常放在句首；for是对前面分句的内容加以解释或说明，用于解释或推断。She'sgotthejobbecauseshehastheadvantageofknowingmanylanguages.Asheishonestandmodest,allhisfriendslikehim.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,foritiswetallover.2．since表示对方已经知晓的原因或事实，意为“既然；因为：由于”，相当于nowthat.Sincewearefree,let'sgotothecinema.三、让步状语从句1.although,though不与but连用，可与yet,或still连用;though可做副词用在句尾,用逗号隔开,意为“可是，不过”;2.as引导让步状语从句时，从句的表语、状语、谓语部分的实义动词需置于句首，若表语是可数名词单数，其前不能有冠词;though引导的从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装;MuchasIadmirehiscourage,Idon’tthinkheactedwisely.Childasheis,helearnsmanythingsfromthebooks.3.“疑问词ever”与“nomatter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句时可以互换。Keepcalm,whatever/nomatterwhathappens.注意：疑问词ever既可以引导让步状语从句也可以引导名词性从句，而“nomatter＋疑间词”只能引导让步状语从句。Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.四、目的状语从句目的状语从句用sothat，inorderthat，incase，forfearthat引导，从句的谓语常含有may，might，can，could,would等情态动词。Weturnedonthelightsothatwecouldseeclearlywhatitwas.五、结果状语从句1．结果状语从句用so...that...，such...that...，sothat引导。so修饰形容词或副词；such修饰名词，名词前有表示数量的little，few，many，much等修饰时用so.即：1).so+adj./adv.+that…;2).so+adj.+a/an+n.+that…;3).so+many/much/few/little+n.+that…;4).such+a/an+adj.+n.+that…;5).such+(adj)+n.+that…六、条件状语从句：1.if引导的条件状语从句要注意是表示真实语气还是虚拟语气；2.主句为将来时态时，if从句常用一般现在时表示将来；七、方式状语从句方式状语从句用(just)as，asif／though引导。asif／though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但是当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，asif从句要用陈述语气。Shetreatsherhusbandasifhewereastranger.Itsoundsasifitisraining.八、比较状语从句1.比较状语从句由than；as…as，notso/as…as；the+比较级,the+比较级等引导，从句中通常省略与主句相同的部分，或用助动词do，does，did代替与主句部分相同的谓语Thereareasmanypeopleinourtownas(thereare)inyourtown.Themorehelistenedtothatsong,thelessheenjoyedit.2.倍数的常见表达:as+原级+as+BA+谓语+倍数+比较级+than+Bthe+size/length/height/width/weight...+of+B九、地点状语从句：常用where，wherever引导：Youcanputthebookwhereveryoulike.状语从句的省略：如果状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中又有“be”时，可以省略从句的主语和be。如果状语从句的主语是it,从句谓语含有“be”,则可省略it和be.He’llgototheseasideforhisholidayif(itis)possible.Hewon'tgotherewithusunless(heis)invited.单句语法填空1.Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents'opinion___________hewantstheirsupport.2.wedon’tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.

3.Let’snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekendso___________theygetsweetenoughtobeeaten.

4.__________________youcansleepwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus,planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.

5.birdsusetheirfeathersforflight,someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes.

6.Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeople___________________youfigureitout.

7.LocatedtheBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.

8.Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen,he’sinhisnineties.

9.Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusic__________ithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.

10.theaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.

onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive._____________somepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.13.Thereisonlyonemoredaytogoyourfavoritemusicgroupplaylive.

14.thedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.15.thestudentscamefromdifferentcountries,theygotalongquitewellinthesummercamp.

16.Beingamotherisn’tasbad___________Ithoughtatfirst.17.Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture,historycannotbechanged.18.Youmustlearntoconsultyourfeelingsandyourreasonyoureachanydecision.19.It’smucheasiertomakefriendsyouhavesimilarinterests.20.Shesaysthatshe’llhavetoclosetheshopbusinessimproves.21.PaulopenedthedoorsoastoletMacin.Ittookquiteawhile____________Macbecamecalmandthankedthem.22.Heknewtheanswerstoallthequestions;allhishardworkhadpaidoff.Itwasnotlong__________________hefinishedallthequestions.Hehadetotherightplaceattheverybeginningbutfailedtofindthebone______________heonlyplainedanddidn’ttryatall.24.Hewouldhavebeenpunished_________________Ihadknownhewasbeingsonaughty.25.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourvillage_____________thereformandopeninguppolicybegantobecarriedoutin1980.26.HardlyhadIgothome_____________IrealizedIhadleftmykeyintheoffice.27.NosoonerhadIgothome____________IrealizedIhadleftmykeyintheoffice.28.Makeamark_____________youhaveanydoubtsorquestions.29._____________Chinagrowsstrongerandstronger,moreandmorepeoplelearnChinese.二、单句改错ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.Onlywekeepoptimisticcanwesucceed.Infact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesawayduringtheycameovertoplayordohomeworkwithme.Iamgoingtoattendmyfirstlessonthisafternoon,forI’vegotsomepreparationstomake.Keepintouch.