2024年高考英语终极押题密卷2（上海卷）含答案

2024年高考英语终极押题密卷2（上海卷）一．完形填空（共1小题）1．InabustlingcityinArizonastoodahighschoolwheremostofthestudentsliveinpoverty.AmongthemwerefoursonsofMexicanimmigrants，Juan，Oscar，Luis，andAlfredo.Theseboys，comingfrom（1）backgrounds，oftenfoundthemselvesoverlookedandunderestimated.Bondedbyfateandfriendship，theysharedacommonpassionfor（2）.Twoscienceteacherstheredecidedtoentertheirhighschoolintoacomplicated（3）roboticscompetitionsponsoredbytheNASAandtheNavalResearch.Excitedforthenews，thesefourboyssignedupforthecompetition.Withenthusiasmandenergy，theystartedcallingmechanicalengineersfordesignhelp.Theywere（4）thatthesekindsofrobotsrequireglasssyntacticflotationfoam，atypeoffloatingmaterialusedinvariousmarineapplications.（5）money，alltheycouldaffordwassomePVCpipesandducttape（强力胶布）.（6），theysearchedthecityforvariousspareparts，gatheringwhatevertheycouldtobringtheirvisiontolife.Withtheteachers"guidanceandencouragement，they（7）togetherarobotwithnomorethanmetalandwires.Astheyworkedontheirrobot，theboysalsofacedpersonalchallenges.Juanstruggledwiththeweightoffamilyresponsibilities；Oscar（8）adeep﹣seatedfearoffailure；Luis'sheartachedfromtheconstantpeers'mockery（嘲笑）forhis（9）accent，andAlfredolongedforacceptanceandbelonging.（10）theseobstacles，theypersevered，leaningoneachotherforsupportandinspiration.Afterafewtestrunsoftheirrobot，theypiledintoasecond﹣handvantoheadtothecompetition.Uponenteringthemainpoolarea，theynoticedthecollegeteamswearingmatchingoutfits，withrobotssponsoredbybigcompanies.Feelingabitnervous，theboysputtherobotinthewaterforatestrun.（11），thePVCdidn'tholdup，causingtherobottoleakandsink.However，insteadoflettingthis（12）ruintheirspirits，theboysputtheirheadstogetherandcameupwithabrilliantsolution.12hourslater，armedwith8super﹣absorbentpadstoplugtheleak，therobotwas（13）intothepoolagain.Thistime，theirrobotperformedadmirably.Glidinggracefullythroughthewaters，itnavigatedthecoursewithprecisionandspeed，（14）thejudgesandaudiencealike.Thisunderwaterrobot，asymboloftheirdeterminationand（15），conqueredthewaters，defeatedengineeringpowerhouseMITandrankedfirstinthecountry.Thiswasnotjustawinforthosefourbutavictoryforeveryunderdogwithadream.（1）A.academicB.relevantC.humbleD.professional（2）A.spaceB.mechanicsC.researchD.ocean（3）A.giantB.industrialC.underwaterD.local（4）A.advisedB.forcedC.challengedD.consulted（5）A.ReliantonB.AvailabletoC.ShortofD.Desperatefor（6）A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.MoreoverD.However（7）A.tiedB.piecedC.addedD.wrapped（8）A.conqueredB.createdC.expressedD.battled（9）A.perfectB.strangeC.slightD.elegant（10）A.WithB.GivenC.DespiteD.Besides（11）A.UnfortunatelyB.BasicallyC.ActuallyD.Consequently（12）A.disagreementB.failureC.conflictD.progress（13）A.scaledB.loweredC.insertedD.fed（14）A.boringB.confusingC.wowingD.motivating（15）A.braveryB.generosityC.confidenceD.perseverance二．阅读理解（共3小题）2．Amongmyoldestfriends，I'mknownasthemysteriousone，theguywhorarelyshowsup，isalwaystherenothere.Ihadhighschoolbuddies，andIlovedthemalldearlythoughweboysdidn'tsaysuchthingsbackthen.Thenlifehappened.Mostofusleftourhometown.Meet﹣upsbecomerareoccasions.Oneofthoseoldfriends，whomIhadnotseensinceourhighschoolgraduation，reachedoutrecentlytosayhe'dbenearwhereIam，andhopedwecouldmeetup.He'ddonethesamethingabout10yearsago，andI'dbeggedoffforsomestupidreasonrelatedtomyshyness，orrather，myintrovertednature.I'molderandabitwisernow，andI'vebeenpackingaroundsomeguiltoverthatmissedopportunityfor10years，so1agreedreadily.Wemetfordinner，perhapstwohours，andrarelyhadIfeltateasewithotherhumansasIdidwithhim.Wetalkedandtalked.Aboutwhowewerethen.Whowearenow.Andwhatmadeusthejerks（混蛋）wewerethen.Weacknowledgedthatifnotforeachother，andthecirclesofgoodpeopleweranwithbackthen，thegoodfriendswhokeptusreasonablyontrackandincheck，lifecouldhaveeasilygonesouthforcitherofus.Eachofusrecalledthingstheotherhadnomemoryof.Fragmentsofmemories，scatteredyetprecious.Weknowweweretightthen，andwevaluethatfriendshipandsharedexperiencestilltoday.Peoplearefundamentallysocialbeingsandenjoyconnectingwithothers.Maintainingsocialconnectionsisgoodforourmentalandphysicalhealth.However，despitetheimportanceandenjoymentofsocialconnection，peoplesignificantlyunderestimatehowmuchotherswillappreciatebeingreachedoutto.There'ssomethingaboutthefriendsyoumakeinyouththat'snearimpossibletorecreatewithfriendsyoumakelaterinlife.I'mtellingyouthistoremindyouthatyouroldfriendswouldlovetohearfromyou，maybeasimpletext，alittlehello，maybeevenaphonecallorameetup.（1）Theauthorrefusedthemeet﹣upabout10yearsagoprobablybecause.A.hewasnotasociablemanB.hewasnotcleverenoughC.helivedfarawayfromhisfriendsD.hefeltguiltyabouthisfriends（2）Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'sfeelingduringthedinner？A.Anxiousandnervous.B.Excitedandenergetic.C.Comfortableandrelaxed.D.Sadandregretful.（3）Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying"lifecouldhaveeasilygonesouthforcitherofus"？A.Theycouldhaveeasilybeenoffthetrackinlife.B.Theymighthavesettleddowninthesouthernregion.C.Theirfriendshipcouldhaveeasilyturnedsour.D.Theycouldhavefacedfinancialdifficulties.（4）Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle？A.Todescribetheauthor'sreunionwithanoldfriend.B.Toreflectonthevalueoffriendshipsformedinyouth.C.Toencouragereaderstoreachouttotheiroldfriends.D.Todiscusstheimportanceofsocialconnections.3．Withitsbrightcolors，easy﹣to﹣learnrulesandfamiliarmusic，thevideogameTetrishasenduredasapopculturesymboloverthepast40years.Manypeople，likeme，havebeenplayingthegamefordecades，andithasbeenupdatedtoadapttonewtechnologieslikegamesystems，phonesandtablets.However，Tetrisismuchmorethanwinning.Thegame，inwhichplayersmustcontrolblocksofdifferentshapesastheyslidedownascreen，isbasedonafundamentalelementofgeometry，calleddynamicspatialreasoning（动态空间推理）.Itistaughtbymathematicseducatorsandusedbyarchitects，engineers，animators，andmanyothers.PlayersemploythesegeometricskillstoprogressinTetris，soplayingitbothtestsandimprovesaplayer'sdynamicspatialreasoning.Spatialreasoningistheabilitytovisualizegeometricfiguresandhowtheywillmoveinspace.So，dynamicspatialreasoningistheabilitytovisualizeactivelymovingfigures.TheTetrisplayermustquicklydecidewherethefallinggamepiecewillbestfitandthenmoveitthere.Thismovementinvolvesbothtranslation﹣movingashaperightandleft，androtation﹣turningitsshapeby90degreesatatime.Spatialvisualizationisakeyelementofamathematicsdisciplinecalledtransformationalgeometry，whichisusuallyfirsttaughtinmiddleschool.Inatypicaltransformationalgeometryexercise，studentsmightbeaskedtorepresentafigurebyitsxandycoordinates（坐标）onacoordinategraphandthenidentifythetransformations，suchastranslationandrotations，necessarytomoveitfromonepositiontoanotherwhilekeepingthepiecethesameshapeandsize.Whileitmayseemsimple，transformationalgeometryisthefoundationforseveraladvancedtopicsinmathematics.Architectsandengineersbothusetransformationstodrawupblueprints，whichrepresenttherealworldinscaledrawings.Animatorsuseconceptsoftransformationsaswell.Whileanimatorstodayusecomputerprogramsthatautomaticallymovefiguresaround，theyareallbasedonthiskindoftransformation.（1）WhichisNOTakeyreasonforTetris'slastingpopularity？A.Itspleasureofwinningthegame.B.Itsbrightcolorsandcatchymusic.C.Itslinktocomplexmathandgeometry.D.Itssimplerulesandtechadaptability.（2）Accordingtothepassage，whatfundamentalskilldoesplayingTetrishelpimprove？A.Logicalreasoning.B.Mathematicalcalculation.C.Memorymaintaining.D.Spatialvisualization.（3）Movethesampleblockontherightusingbothtranslationandrotation.Whichimagebelowcanweget？A.（a）B.（b）C.（c）D.（d）（4）Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthormostprobablyagreewith？A.Tetrisisaparticularlyusefultoolforanimationandarchitecturedesigns.B.Spatialvisualizationisbasedontheconstantchangeofafigure'sposition.C.TransformationalgeometrybehindTetriscanbeappliedtovariousfields.D.Spatialreasoningistoodifficultformiddleschoolstudentstomaster.4．Everysummer，EuropeansandtouristsfromallovertheworldsailbyboatdowntheDanubeRiver.TheirtripsoftenbegininNuremberg，Germany，wheretheycanvisittheImperialCastle，theancientcitywall，andthewaterfountaininMarketSquare.FromNuremberg，theboatsproceeddowntheDanubetoMelk，whichforcenturieswasoneofEurope'smostimportantreligiouscenters.AmongtheinterestingsightsinMelkisitsfamouschurchtower.AfterMelk，theboatspassthroughwinecountrytoVienna.Calledthe"CityofWaltzes"，Viennahasamagnificentoperahouseandanimperialpalace.AsidetripfromViennatakesvisitorsintotheAustrianAlps.Thetourbustripoffersmarvelousviewsofthesurroundingcountryside.FromVienna，theboatssailtoBudapest.Thecapitalofthecentral﹣EuropeancountryofHungary，Budapestboastsahistorythat'smorethan2，000yearsold.Thecity'snamecombinesthoseof"Buda"，"Obuda"and"Pest"，onceseparatetownsoneithersideoftheDanubeRiver.In1873，thesetownswereunifiedandtheirnamescombinedintoone.Budapest'sWorldHeritagesitealsocomprisesseveraldistinctareas，designated（指定）byUNESCOstartingin1987.TheseincludetheCastleDistrict，theBanksoftheDanube，GellertHillandAndrássyAvenue.Ateachoftheselocations，youcanexploremanyhundredsofyearsofhistory，artandculture.Onegreatwayofdoingsoisthroughguidedwalkingtours.Someofthesetoursarefree，ledbylocalpeoplewhohaveextensiveknowledgeoftheircity.Or，ifyouprefersomethingthat'sfaster﹣pacedandeasieronthelegs，tryaSegwaytour!TheCastleDistrictdisplayscenturiesofthecity'shistory.Numerousattacks，warsandnaturaldisastersdestroyedmuchoftheoriginalCastleQuarter.Still，beautyandcharmremain.（1）Whatdoesthisarticlemainlydescribe？A.Voyageswithseveralinterestingstops.B.Cyclingthroughurbanandruralareas.C.Travelbyairtoacontinent'soldesttowns.D.Fascinatingridesonahistoricrailway.（2）WhatdoesVienna'snicknameimplyaboutthecity？A.Itslocationmadeitanimportantpoliticalcenter.B.Huntingwasapopularactivitythereyearsago.C.Ithasattractedalotofpeoplewhoenjoyskating.D.Dancinghasbeenanimportantpartofitsculture.（3）WhatdoesthearticlepointoutaboutsomeofthetoursthatpeoplecantakeinBudapest？A.Theyfrequentlyincludeameal.B.Theydon'tcostanything.C.Theyrequireadvancereservations.D.Theymaynotbeentirelysafe.（4）Accordingtothearticle，whichhaveimpactedBudapest'sCastlequarterinthepast？A.Internationalfestivals.B.Militaryconflicts.C.Aneducationalinstitution.D.Industrialexpansion.三．书面表达（共2小题）5．假设你是明启中学高三学生李明。你校英语社团公众号正在举行主题为"我的2023"的征文活动，写一篇文章投稿。在文中，你必须：（1）描述一件你今年亲身经历且让你有所成长的事情；（2）说明这件事对你的意义。6．DigitalNomads（游牧人）HowwouldyouliketoansweryourworkemailsfromabeachfrontcaféinThailandoracoffeeshopinPortugal？Ifthatappealstoyou，beingadigitalnomadmightbeforyou.Digitalnomadscanliterallyworkfromanywhereastheirjobsareonline.DigitalnomadsrelyonportabledeviceswithwirelessInternetcapabilitiessuchaslaptops，tabletsandsmartphones.Typically，theyworkfromcoffeeshops，restaurants，co﹣workingspaces，apartmentsorinternetcafés—placeswithanInternetconnection.Worldwide，statisticsshowthenumberofdigitalnomadshit35millionin2021.Sowhatisitthatmakesthelifestyleofdigitalnomadssofascinating？Firstandforemost，digitalnomadsgettoliveindifferentcountriesandcultureswhiletheywork，providingthemwithopportunitiestohaveadventuresandexperiencenewthings.Thesefolkshavealsofoundthemostflexiblemeansofonlineincomes，allowingthemtoheadoutatamoment'noticeandgowheretheyplease."I'mfree，"saysNimishaWalji，"IcangowherethewindtakesmeandliveanyplaceIchoose!IfIfeellikeachange，Icanpursuethatinamatterofdays，sometimeshours."Youmaythinkthatbeingadigitalnomadisallsunshineandrainbows.Itisnotnecessarilyso.Jobfindingisoneofthehardesttasksforthedigitalnomad，giventhattheyhavenopermanenthome，noofficeaddress，andnooneknowsthem.Toapplyforajob，theyneedtofindtheemployerandpersuadehimtohirethem.Mostoftheemployershirefromtheirowncity，andthat'swhyit'ssohardforanomadtofindajob.AccesstostableWi﹣Fiandadequateworkspacecanbedifficult.Ifsomeonestrugglestostayfocusedathome，therecan'tbeaworseplacethanafascinatingholidaylocation.Fewpeoplecanmanagetobeproductivefacedwiththetemptationsanddistractions.Itseemsthatlivingthelifeofadigitalnomadisn'tforeveryone.四．信息匹配（共1小题）7．A.Ithasalsodesignedaspecialprogramthatletspeoplereturnusedfurniturepiecestoitsstoressotheycanbefixedandusedagainbyconsumers.B.Thiswouldhelptoreduceoverallwaste，asitwouldextendthelifecycleofoldfurnitureitems.C.Althoughtheseitemsmaycostlessinitially，theyaremoreexpensivebecausetheywillneedtobereplacedsoonerthantraditionalpiecesoffurniture.D.Thiscreatesalotofpollution，asthefurnitureendsupburiedinlandfillswhereitcanharmthesoil.E.Homeownersarelookingforfurniturethatiskindertotheenvironment.F.Bychoosingfurniturethat'smadetolast，wecanhelpreducewasteandprotecttheenvironment.TheFightagainstFastFurnitureFastfurnitureisatermthatreferstofurniturethatisproducedcheaplyandquickly.Theseitemsareoftenbadfortheenvironmentbecausetheyaremadefrommaterialsthatbreakeasilyandneedtobereplacedoften.（1）Tohelpprotecttheenvironment，amovementtomoveawayfromfastfurniturehasbegun.Manycompaniesarejoiningthefightbyfindingcleanerwaystomanufacturefurniture.Forexample，IKEAhasagreedtoswitchtousingrenewableorrecycledmaterialsfortheirfurniturebytheyear2030.（2）Thereisalsoapushtoencourageshopperstobuymoreusedfurniturefortheirhomes.Smallbusinessesthathelptransformoldchairsandsofasintocompletelynewproductshaveevenpoppeduprecently.Attheendoftheday，consumerswillplaythemostimportantroleinthefighttoendfastfurniture.Shoppersshouldtrytothinkmoreaboutthelongtermwhenpreparingtopurchasenewfurniture.Theyshouldstayawayfromfurniturethatismadefromcheapmaterialslikefiberboardorplasticbecausetheywilloftenfallapartafterafewyears.（3）Amuchbetteralternativeisfurnituremadefromrealwoodbecauseitwon'tbreakaseasily.Ifwoodfurnitureisdamaged，itcanoftenberepairedtolastlonger.High﹣qualitymetalsareanothergoodmaterial，astheyaredurable.Ifthefurnitureisnolongerfitforuse，thesemetalscanstillberecycledandusedtomakenewproducts.（4）So，thenexttimeyoubuyfurniture，thinkaboutwhetherit'ssomethingthatwilllastalongtimeorit'sjustfastfurniturethatwillbreaksoonandgointothetrash.五．语法填空（共1小题）8．WasAirPollutionMonet'sMuse（灵感之源）？ClaudeMonetwasaFrenchpainterwholivedattheturnofthe20thcentury，from1840to1926.Heiscreditedasthefounderofimpressionism，apaintingstylecharacterizedbyitsuseofmanythinbrushstrokes（1）（create）adream﹣likequality.Impressionistpaintingsarecelebratedfortheway（2）seemtocaptureasenseoflifeinmotion.Monetdidn'tjustsimplypaintlandscapes；hewantedtoconveythesensationsheexperiencedwhenhesawthem.ManyofMonet'spaintingsportraythepassageoftime，likeclouds（3）（drift）throughthesky.Thelandscapesinhispaintingsoftenhaveamistyappearance，（4）fogiscloudingedges，andconcealingobjectsthatarefaraway.SomeresearchershavesuggestedthemistofMonet'slandscapes（5）haveactuallybeenairpollution.Monetwaspaintingatatimewhenheavyindustrywasstartingtoseriouslyimpacttheenvironment.ThiswasespeciallytrueinurbancenterslikeLondonandParis.ThesuppositionisthatMonet'sworksreflecttheincreasinglevelsofairpollutionthatEurope（6）（witness）inthelate19thcenturyandearly20thcentury.（7）Monet'spaintingcareerprogressing，backgroundvisibilityinhispaintingsseemstograduallydecrease.Inletterstohiswife，MonetsometimesdescribedthesmokeandfoginLondon，for（8）heobviouslyhadapreference.Evidencesuggeststhat（9）significantnumberofMonet'sworkswereinfluenced，oreveninspired，bythewayairpollutionaffectedlightandvision.（10）airpollutionwasthemuseforoneofmodernhistory'sgreatestartistsmightbetrue.六．选词填空（共1小题）9．A.wrestlingB.approachesC.preoccupiedD.experimentingE.dynamicallyF.boundG.moderateH.appliesI.inadequateJ.unitedlyK.integrityDaretobeDullAbigpartofwhyspontaneous（即兴的）speakingfeelssochallengingisthedesiretoalwayssaytherightthingintherightwayattherighttime.Butthatleadstounnecessaryself﹣evaluationandcriticism，consumingpreciousmentalenergyandpreventingyoufrom（1）engaginginthemoment.Ioftenadvisepeopletofollowaspontaneouscomedysaying："Daretobedull."Thatis，don'tfeelyouare（2）togiveanexceptionalperformance.Recognizethatthereisnosingle"correct"waytoansweraquestion，givefeedbackorwelcomeacolleague—onlybetterorworse（3）.Anotherpopularsayingalso（4）here："Don'tlettheperfectbetheenemyofthegood."Listenersaremorelikelytotrustyouwhenyouspeaklikeamanof（5）ratherthananactororarobot.Forexample，researchshowsthatthemosteffectivespeechincludes（6）useoffillerssuchas"um"and"ah."Sowhenyouneedtospeakspontaneously，refocusyourattentiononyourlistenersinsteadof（7）withyourinnercritic.Attemptingtoservetheirneedswilltakeyourmentalspotlightoffyourself，relievingthepressureyoufeel.Tellyourselfthat（8），makingmistakes，andlearningduringspontaneousinteractionsarenormal.Micah，astudentofmine，wasfearfulthathisclasscontributionswouldbeseenas（9）.Toavoidembarrassment，heplannedandrehearsedthepointshewantedtomake.Butbecausehewasalwaysworkingtorememberthemandfindtherighttimetousethem，hewas（10）andfailedtogetthemostoutofdiscussions.Withmyhelphefocusedonsilencinghisinnercritic.Hebeganofferingmoreideas，sometimesimperfectlyformed，andinjustafewweekshebecamelessanxiousandmoreconfident.七．翻译题（共4小题）10．他忘了往锅里倒油，鸡蛋粘在了锅底。（forget）11．农村地区正在逐步过渡到使用节能型电动汽车，其创新设计颇受年轻消费者的青睐。（transition）12．作为首个致力于城市规划和建设成果的展览中心，它追述了这座城市从早期到21世纪的惊人演变。（dedicate）13．冷静，别让焦虑影响你的表现。（or）

2024年菁优高考英语终极押题密卷2（上海卷）参考答案与试题解析一．完形填空（共1小题）1．InabustlingcityinArizonastoodahighschoolwheremostofthestudentsliveinpoverty.AmongthemwerefoursonsofMexicanimmigrants，Juan，Oscar，Luis，andAlfredo.Theseboys，comingfrom（1）Cbackgrounds，oftenfoundthemselvesoverlookedandunderestimated.Bondedbyfateandfriendship，theysharedacommonpassionfor（2）B.Twoscienceteacherstheredecidedtoentertheirhighschoolintoacomplicated（3）CroboticscompetitionsponsoredbytheNASAandtheNavalResearch.Excitedforthenews，thesefourboyssignedupforthecompetition.Withenthusiasmandenergy，theystartedcallingmechanicalengineersfordesignhelp.Theywere（4）Athatthesekindsofrobotsrequireglasssyntacticflotationfoam，atypeoffloatingmaterialusedinvariousmarineapplications.（5）Cmoney，alltheycouldaffordwassomePVCpipesandducttape（强力胶布）.（6）A，theysearchedthecityforvariousspareparts，gatheringwhatevertheycouldtobringtheirvisiontolife.Withtheteachers"guidanceandencouragement，they（7）Btogetherarobotwithnomorethanmetalandwires.Astheyworkedontheirrobot，theboysalsofacedpersonalchallenges.Juanstruggledwiththeweightoffamilyresponsibilities；Oscar（8）Dadeep﹣seatedfearoffailure；Luis'sheartachedfromtheconstantpeers'mockery（嘲笑）forhis（9）Baccent，andAlfredolongedforacceptanceandbelonging.（10）Ctheseobstacles，theypersevered，leaningoneachotherforsupportandinspiration.Afterafewtestrunsoftheirrobot，theypiledintoasecond﹣handvantoheadtothecompetition.Uponenteringthemainpoolarea，theynoticedthecollegeteamswearingmatchingoutfits，withrobotssponsoredbybigcompanies.Feelingabitnervous，theboysputtherobotinthewaterforatestrun.（11）A，thePVCdidn'tholdup，causingtherobottoleakandsink.However，insteadoflettingthis（12）Bruintheirspirits，theboysputtheirheadstogetherandcameupwithabrilliantsolution.12hourslater，armedwith8super﹣absorbentpadstoplugtheleak，therobotwas（13）Bintothepoolagain.Thistime，theirrobotperformedadmirably.Glidinggracefullythroughthewaters，itnavigatedthecoursewithprecisionandspeed，（14）Cthejudgesandaudiencealike.Thisunderwaterrobot，asymboloftheirdeterminationand（15）D，conqueredthewaters，defeatedengineeringpowerhouseMITandrankedfirstinthecountry.Thiswasnotjustawinforthosefourbutavictoryforeveryunderdogwithadream.（1）A.academicB.relevantC.humbleD.professional（2）A.spaceB.mechanicsC.researchD.ocean（3）A.giantB.industrialC.underwaterD.local（4）A.advisedB.forcedC.challengedD.consulted（5）A.ReliantonB.AvailabletoC.ShortofD.Desperatefor（6）A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.MoreoverD.However（7）A.tiedB.piecedC.addedD.wrapped（8）A.conqueredB.createdC.expressedD.battled（9）A.perfectB.strangeC.slightD.elegant（10）A.WithB.GivenC.DespiteD.Besides（11）A.UnfortunatelyB.BasicallyC.ActuallyD.Consequently（12）A.disagreementB.failureC.conflictD.progress（13）A.scaledB.loweredC.insertedD.fed（14）A.boringB.confusingC.wowingD.motivating（15）A.braveryB.generosityC.confidenceD.perseverance【考点】记叙文；创新与创业．【答案】（1）﹣（5）CBCAC（6）﹣（10）ABDBC（11）﹣（15）ABBCD【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了墨西哥移民，胡安，奥斯卡，路易斯和阿尔弗雷多制作的水下机器人象征着他们的决心和毅力，它征服了这片水域，打败了工程强国麻省理工学院，并在全国排名第一。【解答】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.academic学术上的；B.relevant相关的；C.humble谦卑的；D.professional专业的。句意：这些出身卑微的男孩经常发现自己被忽视和低估。根据上句InabustlingcityinArizonastoodahighschoolwheremostofthestudentsliveinpoverty.可知在亚利桑那州一个繁华的城市里有一所高中，那里的大多数学生生活贫困。说明这些男孩出身卑微。故答案为C。（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.space空间；B.mechanics技工，机械；C.research研究；D.ocean海洋。句意：命运和友谊把他们联系在一起，他们对机械有着共同的热情。根据后文Withenthusiasmandenergy，theystartedcallingmechanicalengineersfordesignhelp.可知带着热情和精力，他们开始打电话给机械工程师寻求设计帮助。说明他们对机械有着共同的热情。故答案为B。（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.giant巨大的；B.industrial工业的；C.underwater水下的；D.local当地的。句意：那里的两位科学老师决定让他们的高中参加由美国国家航空航天局和海军研究所赞助的复杂的水下机器人竞赛。根据后文Thisunderwaterrobot，asymboloftheirdeterminationand（15），conqueredthewaters，defeatedengineeringpowerhouseMITandrankedfirstinthecountry.可知这个水下机器人象征着他们的决心和毅力，它征服了这片水域，打败了工程强国麻省理工学院，并在全国排名第一。说明他们参加由美国国家航空航天局和海军研究所赞助的复杂的水下机器人竞赛。故答案为C。（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.advised建议，告知；B.forced强迫；C.challenged挑战；D.consulted咨询。句意：他们被告知，这些类型的机器人需要玻璃复合漂浮泡沫，这是一种用于各种海洋应用的漂浮材料。根据下句thesekindsofrobotsrequireglasssyntacticflotationfoam，atypeoffloatingmaterialusedinvariousmarineapplications可知他们被告知，这些类型的机器人需要玻璃复合漂浮泡沫，这是一种用于各种海洋应用的漂浮材料。故答案为A。（5）考查形容词短语及语境理解。A.Relianton可以依靠的；B.Availableto可用的；C.Shortof短缺的；D.Desperatefor渴望的。句意：由于缺钱，他们只能买得起一些PVC管和胶带。根据下句alltheycouldaffordwassomePVCpipesandducttape（强力胶布）.可知他们只能买得起一些PVC管和胶带。说明他们缺钱。故答案为C。（6）考查副词及语境理解。A.Therefore因此；B.Otherwise否则；C.Moreover此外；D.However然而。句意：因此，他们在城市里寻找各种备用零件，尽可能地收集东西来实现他们的梦想。根据上句（5）money，alltheycouldaffordwassomePVCpipesandducttape（强力胶布）.（由于缺钱，他们只能买得起一些PVC管和胶带。）和下句theysearchedthecityforvariousspareparts，gatheringwhatevertheycouldtobringtheirvisiontolife.（他们在城市里寻找各种备用零件，尽可能地收集东西来实现他们的梦想。）可知前后句是因果关系。故答案为A。（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.tied系；B.pieced拼合；C.added增加；D.wrapped包装。句意：在老师的指导和鼓励下，他们只用金属和电线拼凑了一个机器人。根据空后togetherarobotwithnomorethanmetalandwires可知他们只用金属和电线拼凑了一个机器人。故答案为B。（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.conquered征服；B.created创造；C.expressed表达；D.battled斗争。句意：胡安在家庭责任的重压下挣扎；奥斯卡与根深蒂固的失败恐惧作斗争；路易斯的心因为经常被同龄人嘲笑他奇怪的口音而疼痛，阿尔弗雷多渴望被接受和归属。根据空后adeep﹣seatedfearoffailure可知奥斯卡与根深蒂固的失败恐惧作斗争；故答案为D。（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.perfect完美的；B.strange奇怪的；C.slight轻微的；D.elegant优雅的。句意：胡安在家庭责任的重压下挣扎；奥斯卡与根深蒂固的失败恐惧作斗争；路易斯的心因为经常被同龄人嘲笑他奇怪的口音而疼痛，阿尔弗雷多渴望被接受和归属。根据常识和空后accent可知路易斯的心因为经常被同龄人嘲笑他奇怪的口音而疼痛，故答案为B。（10）考查介词及语境理解。A.With用；B.Given考虑到；C.Despite尽管；D.Besides除了。句意：尽管有这些障碍，他们还是坚持了下来，互相依靠，寻求支持和激励。根据空后theseobstacles，theypersevered，leaningoneachotherforsupportandinspiration.可知尽管有这些障碍，他们还是坚持了下来，互相依靠，寻求支持和激励。故答案为C。（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.Unfortunately不幸地；B.Basically基础地；C.Actually事实上；D.Consequently结果。句意：不幸的是，PVC撑不住了，导致机器人漏水下沉。根据下句thePVCdidn'tholdup，causingtherobottoleakandsink.可知PVC撑不住了，导致机器人漏水下沉。说明这是不幸的。故答案为A。（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.disagreement不同意；B.failure失败；C.conflict冲突；D.progress进步。句意：然而，男孩们没有让这次失败摧毁他们的精神，而是集思广益，想出了一个绝妙的解决方案。根据空后ruintheirspirits可知男孩们没有让这次失败摧毁他们的精神，故答案为B。（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.scaled刮去…的鳞；B.lowered将…放下；C.inserted插入；D.fed喂养。句意：12小时后，配备了8个超级吸水垫来堵塞漏洞，机器人再次被放入游泳池。根据空后intothepoolagain可知机器人再次被放入游泳池。故答案为B。（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.boring令人乏味的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.wowing使叫绝；D.motivating激励。句意：它优雅地在水中滑行，精确而快速地航行，令评委和观众都惊叹不已。根据下句Thisunderwaterrobot，asymboloftheirdeterminationand（15），conqueredthewaters，defeatedengineeringpowerhouseMITandrankedfirstinthecountry.可知这个水下机器人象征着他们的决心和毅力，它征服了这片水域，打败了工程强国麻省理工学院，并在全国排名第一。说明机器人的这次航行令评委和观众都惊叹不已。故答案为C。（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.bravery勇敢；B.generosity大方；C.confidence自信；D.perseverance毅力。句意：这个水下机器人象征着他们的决心和毅力，它征服了这片水域，打败了工程强国麻省理工学院，并在全国排名第一。根据前文However，insteadoflettingthis（12）ruintheirspirits，theboysputtheirheadstogetherandcameupwithabrilliantsolution.可知然而，男孩们没有让这次失败摧毁他们的精神，而是集思广益，想出了一个绝妙的解决方案。说明他们有坚强的毅力。故答案为D。【点评】完形填空题的解题步骤：1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解