Unit4ExploringliteratureWeletotheunitReading知识点课件高中英语译林版-3

Unit4ExploringliteratureGreatliteratureissimplylanguagechargedwithmeaningtotheutmostpossibledegree.—EzraPound伟大的文学只不过是在最大程度上承载意义的语言。

——

埃兹拉

•

庞德1Classicscan

standthetestoftime.经典经得起时间的考验。stand

v.

忍受，经得起，容忍,（忍）耐，顶住，受得起Sheisfunny,butIcan'tstandher.她滑稽,但我无法忍受她。2Mymeaningsimplyis,that...;that...;that....我的意思是，很简单：①；②；③，三个

that从句是

从句，分号表示

关系。

表语并列无论我在生活中想做什么，我都全心全意地努力做好。无论我致力于什么，我都全身心投入。上述两句中的whatever引导的从句性质是

从句，Whatever可以转换成

来引导该从句。让步状语nomatterwhat①Whateverhedidwasright.②Hedoeswhateversheaskshimtodo.上述例句中whatever引导的划线部分分别属于什么从句？①

②

，他们都属于

从句。主语从句宾语从句名词性devotedevoteone'slife/oneselfto(doing)sth.

献身于/致力于(做)某事devoteone'stime/energy/attention/to(doing)sth.

把某人的时间/精力/注意力/……用到（做）某事上devotedadj.挚爱的，忠诚的，全心全意的adevotedfriend忠诚的朋友bedevotedto...深爱/忠于……，全心全意……devotionn.奉献，忠诚；关爱练习：Weshould________ourenergytothecareer.devoteTheyoungladyisdevotedtoteachingthedeafchildren,andshehaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.→______________________,thedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.（过去分词短语作状语）→________________________________thedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.（现在分词短语作状语）Devoted

to

teachingDevoting

herself

to

teaching4Ingreataimsandinsmall,Ihavealwaysbeenthoroughlyinearnest.无论大小目标，我总是彻底地/非常认真。earnest

adj.=veryseriousandsincereHeissoearnest

over

hiscareer.他对待事业很认真。_______herearnestefforts,shecouldnotfindajob.earnest不可数名词

认真；诚挚dosthinearnest认真地做某事Despite5Youcanfallasleepandwakeupdrunkonsky.你可以在天空下入睡，在天空下醉醒。drunk①动词drink的过去分词形式。②n.醉鬼；醉酒③adj.醉酒的；陶醉的6Butterfliestooarefewandsoareflowersandmostthingsthatarebeautiful.butterflyn.蝴蝶；蝶状物；蝶泳havebutterfliesinone'sstomach有蝴蝶在胃里来回飞舞，肯定好受不了；所以，人们用这个谚语来形容一个人“心里七上八下、忐忑不安”的状态。蝴蝶也很少，花也很少，大多数美丽的东西也很少。IhadbutterfliesinmystomachwhenIwassittingtherewaitingformyturn,butonceIsteppedontothestage,Iwasjustfine.坐在那里等的时候我心里七上八下的，很紧张，不过一上台我就没事了。英国19世纪诗人Landor(1775---1864)有一句诗，写得很凄凉。Theleavesarefalling;soamI;Thefewlateflowershavemoistureintheeye;SohaveItoo.上述用法属于So+助动词的倒装句型。尝试翻译落叶萧萧。如我。几朵残花，花心湿润。如我的眼。萧萧落叶纷纷去对飘零残红泣露泪满心睫畔已氤氲。7Still,wetakewhatwecangetandmakethebestofit.

尽管如此，我们还是会运用我们所能得到的，并充分利用它。makethebestof=makethe

of=make

useof充分利用mostfullstilladv.尽管如此，然而，但是还Heisgood-natured,stillIdon'tlikehim.他脾气很好,可是我还是不喜欢他。必修二Unit4Reading1Achildandamanwerewalkingonthebeachwhenthechildfoundashellandheldittohisear.一个小孩与一位男士正在海滩上散步,小孩突然看到了一个贝壳,他拾起贝壳并放在耳边。sbwas/weredoing...when(+过去时)...某人正在做某事，这时（突然）......when并列连词引导的两个并列句，相当于andthen,andatthattime。heldittohisear把它放在耳边1.我正在看报纸时，这个人进来了。Iwasreadingnewspaperwhenthemancamein.2.我们正在湖里游泳，这时暴风雨突然来了。Wewereswimminginthelakewhensuddenlythestormstarted.2Suddenlyheheardstrange,low,musicalsounds.Thesesoundsseemedtobefromanotherworldandthechildlistenedtothemwithwonder.musicaladj.悦耳的，动听的withwonder=inwonderadv.惊奇地，好奇地

3Thenthemanexplainedthatthechildheardnothingstrange,andthattheshellcaughtarangeof

soundstoofaintforhumanears.explainvt.

→

n.两个that从句是

关系，其中第一个that

省略，第二个that

省略。explanation

并列可以不可arangeof一系列；各种，种种=

=variousavarietyoffaint：（光、声、味）微弱的，不清楚的,toofaintforhumanears做后置定语，修饰sounds4

Whatamazedthechildwasnotanewworld,buttheunnoticedmusicoftheold.让孩子为之惊奇的不是一个新世界，而是旧世界那被人忽视的音乐。unnoticedadj.未被注意的；被忽视的本句中What在从句中做主语，是主语从句，此句中含有并列连词not...but结构引导的并列表语。主从作宾宾从作宾表从作宾5Somesuchexperienceasthisliesinstoreforuswhenwebeginthestudyofliterature.当我们开始学习文学时，我们也会有如此这般的体验。havesth

instore(forsb)

/

lieinstoreforsb.

即将发生（在某人身上）；等待着（某人）Wedon'tknowwhatlifeholds

instoreforus.我们不知道等待我们的将是什么样的生活。Ifshehadknownwhatlay

instoreforher,shewouldneverhaveagreedtogo.

她如果事先知道会有什么遭遇的话，就决不会同意去的。6

Letalittlesongappealtotheear,oragreatbook(appeal)totheheart,andwediscoveranewworld,aworldofdreamsandmagic.让一首小曲愉悦我们的耳朵，或者让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样我们就会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。appealvi.有吸引力；呼吁，恳求；上诉；申诉；

n.呼吁，恳求；吸引力句式剖析：“祈使句+and+陈述句”表示祈使句和后面的句子是顺承关系。Lendherahand,

andshewillbe

gratefultoyou.

(用含有条件句的复合句改写)Ifyoulendherahand,

shewill

begratefultoyou.Workhard,andyouwillsucceed.(用分词短语做状语改写)Workinghard,

youwillsucceed.appealtosb./sth. 吸引/迎合某人或某物appealtosb.(forsth.) 向某人申请(某物)appeal(tosb.)todosth. 呼吁(某人)做某事makeanappealtosb.forsth.为某事向某人发出呼吁appealing adj.有吸引力的,吸引人的①

AmongthecollectionsaresomedelicateChinesevases，whichappeal______visitorsfromallovertheworld.②It'ssaidthattheartcollectionshownontheexhibitionwas_________（appeal）.③我写信呼吁大家积极参加建设美丽校园。（书面表达之倡议书）______________________________________________totakeanactivepartinbuildingabeautifulcampus.toappealingI

am

writing

to

appeal

to

everyone

即学即练:判断下列句子中appeal的词性及含义

/单句语法填空①Sheappealedtothehighcourtagainsthersentence.______②Ourschoolappealstothestudentstosetasideatleastanhoureverydaytotakeexerciseinordertokeepfit.______③—HowdidyoulikeNick'sperformancelastnight?—Tobehonest,hissingingdidn'tappealtome._________④ThemassiveappealofChineseonlineliteraturehasalsoextendeditsreachtomillionsofreadersworldwide.__________vi.上诉vi.呼吁vi.有吸引力n.吸引力7Behindeverybookisaman,behindthemanistherace,andbehindtheracearethenaturalandsocialenvironments(自然和社会环境）.

每本书的背后是一个人，一个人的背后是民族，民族的背后是自然和社会环境。介词短语置于句首,且句子主语是名词(短语)时，句子用全部倒装。本句behindeverybook,behindtheman和behindtherace都是介词短语,且主语分别为名词(短语)aman,therace和thenaturalandsocialenvironments表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首,且句子主语是名词(短语)时,句子用全部倒装。这样的词或短语有：here,there,now,then,out,in,up,down,away,onthewall,intheroom等。Bythewindow

sat

ayoungmanwithamagazineinhishand.Johnopenedthedoor.There

stood

agirlhehadneverseenbefore.Underthattree

sitsabeautifulgirl.8

Inaword,wehavenowreachedapoint（wherewewishtoenjoyand

understandliterature）.

总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。point意为“情形，地步，状态，阶段”。where是个关系副词，指代的先行词只能是表示具体或者抽象的地点（或者地方，位置和抽象化的情况，情形，状态等……）的名词。类似于point这样作先行词，后接where引导定语从句的词还有case,condition,situation,position,point,stage等I'vereachedthe

point/stage

(whereIjustdon'tcareanymore).我已经到了不在乎的地步了。9Thefirststepistodetermine（决定；确定）someofitssignificantqualities.（特质）第一步是确定它的一些重要特质。不定式作表语，解释说明主语的内容HedeterminedtotraveltoNewYorkthissummerholiday.=Heis/wasdeterminedtotraveltoNewYorkthissummerholiday.

=HedeterminedthathewouldtraveltoNewYorkthissummerholiday.

Whereheoncefeltlikegivingup,henowhasthe

topushfurther

andkeepongoing.

determinationFrom

his

determined

look,

we

can

know

his

confidence.从他坚定的表情，我们可以看出他的信心。significantadj.有重要意义的,显著的(1)significant=important重要的

significant=meaningful有意义的(2)significancen.重要,重要性,意义

beofsignificance=besignificant重要的WearingmasksisforpreventingCOVID-19.

Inmyview,practicinghandwritingis______greatsignificancetothestudents'growth.Astimegoesby,Iattachgreatersignificanceto____________(do)whatIamdoingnow.____________________________________ofgreatsignificance/significantofdoing10

Thefirstqualityofliteratureisitsdescriptionoftruthandbeauty.

文学的第一个特质是它对真与美的描写。1.v.____________→adj.____________2.beyonddescription_______________(翻译)3.对...做详细描述_________________________________describedescriptive

无法形容giveadetaileddescriptionof...beyonddescription

______________________ _____________________向某人描述..._____________________将A描述为BThemythofNarcissus_______________inOvid'swork.难以描述，难以形容describe...tosbdescribeAasBisdescribed11

Sometruthandbeautyremainunnoticeduntilasensitivehumansoulbringsthemtoourattention，justastheshellreflectstheunnoticedsounds.有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音呈现出来一样1.besensitive_______sb/sth2.makesensibledecisions_____________(翻译)3.makesense_______________________(翻译)4.makesenseofsth__________________(翻译)to

理智的

有意义，讲得通；合情理

理解，弄懂remainunnoticed：没有被发现；被忽视即学即练判断下列句子中sensitive的含义①Throughouthercareersheremainedsensitivetocriticism.________________________②—Maryisalwaysverysensitivetothesufferingofothers.—Nowondershechoosestobeareliefworker.________________________③Theelderlyneedspecialcareinwinter,astheyareverysensitivetothesuddenchangesintheweather.________________________易生气的，神经过敏的体贴的(对低温、光、食物等)敏感的reflectvt.&vi.反映；显示，表达；映出（影像）；反射（声、光、热等）；沉思Englishwritingisthe_________（reflect）ofstudents'Englishlevel.At

first

I

thought

it

was

a

bad

idea,

but____reflectionI

realized

she

was

right.The_________（reflect）boardsonanearbymountainsidewereputtouse.reflectiononreflective（1）reflect...in... 在……中映出……bereflectedin 倒映在；反映在reflecton/uponsth. 认真思考某事；反思某事（2）reflectionn. 反映；映像；沉思；回忆onreflection 经过认真思考（3）reflectiveadj. 反射热的，反光的；沉思的

我反思我的一天是如何度过的，并思考这周剩下的时间。I____________________________andthinkabouttherestoftheweek.

在岸边沉思时，我的脸清晰地倒映在水中。_______________________________________whenIwascontemplatingonthebank.reflect

on

how

my

day's

gone

My

face

was

clearly

reflected

in

the

water12Ahundredmenmaypassafieldandseeonlydeadgrass;butapoetstops,looksdeeper,seestruthandbeauty,andwrites,“Yesterday'sflowersamI.”Onewhoreadsit

iscapableof

seeingthebeautythatwashiddenfromhiseyesbefore.一百个人走过田野，眼中所见的可能只是枯草，而诗人驻足，看得更深，他看到了真与美，遂写下：“昨日之花即是我。”读了这句诗的人便能看到以前隐匿在眼前的美。becapableofdoing=beabletodo

n.capability反义词

incapableeg:每个同学都有能力通过这次考试。________________________________________________________________________________________________Everystudentiscapableofpassingtheexam.Everystudenthasthecapabilitytopasstheexam.13Thesecondqualityofliteratureisitsappealtoourfeelingsandimagination.Itsattractionliesmorein

whatitawakensinus

thanwhatitsays.文学的第二个特质是在于它能打动我们的情感，启发我们的想象力。

文学的魅力更多在于它唤起了我们什么，而不在于它说了什么。itsappealtoourfeelingsandimaginationappealn.

吸引力；申诉；呼吁liesmorein

更多在于whatitawakensinus是_______从句，thanwhatitsays是__________从句。宾语比较状语awaken/wakensb./sth.

唤醒某人/某物wakesb.

up

叫醒某人项目词性过去式过去分词用法waken.&v.wokewoken可接upwakenv.wakenedwakened可接upawakev.&adj.awokeawoken不接upawakenv.awakenedawakened不接up14WhenChristopherMarlowe'sDoctorFaustusasksinthepresenceofHelen,“Wasthisthefacethat

launchedathousandships?”当克里斯托弗·马洛笔下的浮士德博士当着海伦的面问道：“这就是那张让上千艘战舰为之启航的面庞吗？“inthepresenceofsb.=insb.'spresence在某人面前；有某人在场launch使（船）下水；开始从事；发射火箭；发动（战争；抗议游行）launchaship _________________launchacampaign _________________launchasatellite _________________让船下水开始进行一场运动发射一颗卫星发起上市发射开始从事Was

thisthefacethat

launchedathousandships?

当需要强调句中的主语、宾语、状语时，我们常用“Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who...”这样的句型，被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。

被强调部分如果是人，that可以换用who。如果把这种句型中的结构部分(Itis/was...that/who...)划掉后，是一个完整无缺的句子即是强调句。Hereadthreebooksinthelibraryyesterday.我们分别可以强调主语、宾语、地点状语和时间状语。如Itwashewho/thatreadthreebooksinthelibraryyesterday.(强调主语)Itwasthreebooksthathereadinthelibraryyesterday.(强调宾语)Itwasinthelibrarythathereadthreebooksyesterday.(强调地点状语)Itwasyesterdaythathereadthreebooksinthelibrary.(强调时间状语)<注意>1当被强调部分指人时，可用that，也可以用who;指物时，只能用that,2强调状语时，只用that,不用when、where，

Itis

at5o'clock

thatthetrainwillarrive.3被强调的部分是主语时，注意主谓语动词和被强调的主语保持一致，如：Itishewhoislate.是他迟到了。Itistheythatwerelate.是他们迟到了。4一般疑问句的强调句为“Is(was)it+that...?”；特殊疑问句为：“特殊疑问词+is(was)+that...?”结构。如:Wasittenyearsagothathisfatherdied?Whenisitthatyouwillsetoff?15...heopensadoorthroughwhichourimaginationentersanewworld,aworldoflove,beautyandheroism.heroism英雄表现；英雄精神

他打开了一扇门，通过这扇门，我们的想象力进入了一个充满爱、美和英雄主义的新世界。whichwhere

文学的第三个特质是其持久的生命力，它源于前两个特质。要实现这一点，它须包含两个要素：广泛的关切和个人的风格。permanencen.→

adj._________________

<反义>

adj._________________permanent

temporarycontainvt.

包含，含有，容纳❶Thisbookcontainsalltheinformationyouneed.❷Lemonsandorangescontainalotofvitaminswhicharegoodforourhealth.包含含有containone'sexcitement

containoneself 抑制激动的心情控制自己containern.容器；集装箱；货柜点拨contain侧重于所含有的数量或成分，强调容量；include表示所包含之物是其中一部分，强调范围。常使用“including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included”的结构。Someplantsandanimalscontainnaturalpoisonsthatareharmfultopeople.ThetourincludedavisittotheScienceMuseum.他激动得几乎控制不住自己。（读后续写之心理描写）Hewassoexcitedthat_______________________________.

他无法控制自己的愤怒，转过身来怒吼:“到底是谁干的？”_______________________________,heturnedaroundandroaredangrily,“Whoonearthdidit？”he

could

hardly

contain

himselfUnable

to

contain

his

anger选词填空(contain/include)完成句子①LittleJohnnyfeltthebag,curioustoknowwhatit________．②Ourtouralso________achancetowalkinthefootstepsofVanGoghandGauguin.③Thiskindoffruit________lotsofvitamins,vitaminD________．containedincludescontainsincluded_________________universaladj.普遍的，共同的universen.宇宙一个普遍的真理_____________________Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat......auniversaltruth普遍认为（众所周知）Toachievethis，作目的状语17Goodliteraturereflects（反映）themostbasicofhumannature（人性）—loveandhate,joyandsadness,fearandhope.18Italsotakesonapersonalstyle（带有/呈现

个人风格）—nowritercandescribe(描写）humanlifewithout

reflectinghisownlifeandexperiences.takeon呈现，承担

没有哪个作家能够在描写人类的生活时不反映其个人生活和经历19Insummary,literatureistheexpressionoflife

informsoftruthandbeauty,thewrittenrecordofman'sthoughtsandfeelings,andthehistoryofthehumansoul.总之，文学是以真和美的形式对生命的表达，是人类思想和感情的写照，是人类灵魂的历史。informsof=intheformof

以...的形式thewrittenrecordof......的书面记录【词块积累】(1)

makeasummary

做总结

insummary概括地说,总的来说(相当于inaword)(2)

summarize

v.总结,概述(3)sumn.款项,总数

asumof

一笔

to

sumup=insummaryTommakesitaruleto_____________________________

(在课后对所学内容做个总结).makeasummaryofwhathehaslearnedafterclass_____________,Iwishyoucouldliveuptotheexpectationsofyourparents.Tosumup表示“总之”的短语还有:allinall,inaword,inconclusion,inshort,onthewhole,

等_________________B1descriptioncontainsignificantbecapableofelementreflectinsummaryappealtoOneimportantfeatureofclassicliterature