2023-2024学年译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance Grammar and usage课时精练三（含答案）

Ⅰ.写出下列句中省略的成分和内容。1．Hopeyouarewell，andthatIshallhearfromyouafteryourholiday.2．Nicedayagain.3．Youcanplayinthehouse，butyoumustn’toutsidethehouse.4．—Ihopethechildrenwon’ttouchthedog.—I’vewarnedthemnotto.5．—Canyoutellmewhenhewillgoabroad?—It’shardtosay.6．Feelingmuchbetternow?Ⅱ.用省略结构改写下列各句1．IlikesingingmorethanIlikedancing.→Ilikesingingmorethan.2．Fillinaproperprepositionwhereitisnecessary.→Fillinaproperpreposition.3．Doyoucomeupwithgoodideas？Ifitisso，wewouldlovetohearfromyou.→Doyoucomeupwithgoodideas？，wewouldlovetohearfromyou.4．Theboyusedtoplaywiththeknifethoughhisfathertoldhimnottoplaywiththeknife.→Theboyusedtoplaywiththeknife.5．Thebookthatheborrowedyesterdayiswellworthreading.→iswellworthreading.Ⅲ.完成句子1．，youshouldbeawareofthelocalcustomsandobservethem.当你参观另一个国家时，你应该了解当地的习俗并遵守它们。2．Hesaidthelecturewasveryimportantand.他说这次讲座非常重要，我们都应该参加。3．Idon’tliketheway.我不喜欢她对待她的学生的方式。4．—Johnwasinjured，orhewouldhavewontherace.—(我认为也是如此)．5．ManyChinesestudents.很多中国学生在学好英语方面有困难。Ⅳ.阅读理解OxygenlevelshavedroppedinhundredsoflakesintheUnitedStatesandEuropeoverthelastfourdecades，accordingtoanewstudy.Researchersexaminedthetemperatureandtheamountofdissolvedoxygen(溶解氧)innearly400lakesanddiscoveredwidespreaddropsinoxygenlevels.Theyfounddissolvedoxygenfellanaverageof5.5percentinthesurfacewaterand18.6percentindeepwater.Theirfindingssuggestthatwarmingtemperaturesandfallingwaterclearnessfromhumanactivityarecausingoxygenlevelstofall.Testingforoxygenisoneofthebestwaystojudgehowhealthywatersystemsare.Thestudy’sfindingssuggestaconspicuoushumanfootprint.Thatfootprintincludeswarmingcausedbyclimatechange.Inaddition，fallingwaterclearnesscanbecausedbyrunoff(地表径流)fromhumanwastesystems，carsandpowerplants.DissolvedoxygenlossesinEarth’swatersystemshavebeenreportedbefore.A2017studyofoxygenlevelsintheworld’soceansshowedatwo-percentdropsince1960.Butlesswasknownaboutlakes，whichlost2.75to9.3timesasmuchoxygenasoceans，thenewstudyfound.Beforethisstudy，otherresearchershadreportedoxygendropsinindividuallakesoveralongperiodoftime.Butnoonelookedatasmanylakesaroundtheworld.Thedropofoxygenlevelsindeepwatermayaffectcreaturesthataremoresensitivetotemperatureincreases，suchascoldwaterfish.Duringsummermonthstheydependoncoolertemperaturesfoundindeeperwater.Butifdeepwaterislowinoxygen，thesecreaturescan’tsurvive.“Thosearetheconditionsthatsometimesleadtofishkillsinthewater，”saidstudyco-authorKevinC．Rose.“Itmeansalotofareascoldwaterfishdependonmaybecomeunlivable.”Meanwhile，aboutaquarterofthelakesexaminedactuallyshowedincreasingoxygeninthesurfacewater.Itisabadsignbecauseitpointstoasuddengrowthofalgae(藻类)．Inthoselakes，dissolvedoxygenwas“verylow”indeepwater，likelycreatingunlivableconditionsformanyspecies，theresearcherssaid.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conspicuous”inparagraph3mean?A．Noticeable. B．Hidden.C．Similar. D．Rare.2．Whyisthe2017studymentioned?A．Tocomparedifferentresearchfindings.B．Toshowthedifficultyinstudyinglakes.C．Toexploremorepossibilitiesoftheresearch.D．Toexplainthenecessityofcarryingoutthenewresearch.3．Whatisaresultofdissolvedoxygenlossesindeepwater?A．Somefish’slowsensitivitytotemperatures.B．Aseriousfoodshortagefordeep-waterfish.C．Lesschancefordeep-waterfishtosurvive.D．Changesinthelivinghabitsofdeep-waterfish.4．Whatdoesincreasedoxygeninalake’ssurfacewaterprobablysuggest?A．Waterqualityisimprovingthere.B．Thelocalecosystemisgettingworse.C．Climatechangeisbeingcontrolledproperly.D．Theimpactofhumanactivityhasbeenweakened.Ⅴ.完形填空Asaboy，Kerrwantedtobeaparkranger(护林员)．1，hespentfourdecadesinabroadcastingstation.Heretiredat65withoutanyparticular2inmind.Afterseveralboringweeks，hedecidedtodrivetovisitfamilyinWyoming.Onroute，he3tostopattheYellowstoneParkFoundation，whichwaslookingforpeopleto4parkguestsonwolves.Kerr5，andlater，becameaninternship(实习生)oftheStudentConservationAssociation.Kerr6intheinterncrowd，mostofwhomwerecollegeandevenhighschoolstudents.Buthehadbeenwell7forthissincehisyouth.Hisoutdooradventureswithhisgrandfatherhadgivenhima8ofnature.Thereare31millionAmericansbetween44and70，somesearchingforsomethingwheretheyfeelasifthey’remakinga9tomaketheirneighborhoodjustalittlebit10.Kerralsohadthatdeep11todosomethingmeaningful.Fromhisinternship，hemoveduptoranger，educatingparkvisitors，makingforsafe12betweenguestsandanimals，andrespondingtomedicalemergencies.He13hiswork，whichhedescribesasoneofthemostbeautifulplacesonEarth，enjoyingmomentswhenhe14avisitortoanup-closelookatwolvesthroughhistelescope.“Thesearerichandall-too-rare15，”recallsKerr.“Iwillneverforgetthem.”1．A.Fortunately B．InsteadC．Secretly D．Therefore2．A.job B．habitC．goal D．hope3．A.happened B．decidedC．asked D．canceled4．A.answer B．adviseC．educate D．save5．A.signed B．leftC．doubted D．hesitated6．A.helpedout B．stoodoutC．heldout D．setout7．A.tended B．trainedC．known D．prepared8．A.view B．fearC．trust D．love9．A.deal B．promiseC．contribution D．plan10．A.cleaner B．braverC．easier D．better11．A.understanding B．urgeC．impression D．impact12．A.meetings B．discussionsC．futures D．homes13．A.treasures B．quitsC．updates D．changes14．A.charges B．callsC．joins D．treats15．A.visitors B．animalsC．moments D．toolsⅥ.语法填空Environment-friendlyideashavebeencreatedtosupplypeoplewithhelpful1.(tip)onhowtheycanhelptheenvironment2.wellassavemoney.Ihonestlybelievethateveryonewantstohelptheenvironment，eveniftheydoordonotbelievein3.________(globe)warming.Withpowerbills，waterbillsandallotherexpenses4.(continue)torise，it’sveryhardfortheaverageworker.Nomatterwhatyourfinancialpositionis，thereisalwayssomethingeveryonecando5.(help)saveourenvironment.Wearenottheonlyonesthatliveonthis6.(amaze)planet.Wealsoshareit7.awiderangeofstrangeandwonderfulanimals.Itwouldbeagreattragedyifthey8.(be)notaroundforourfuturegenerationstoenjoy.Everylittlebithelps，sopleasedoall9.youcantoprotectourenvironmentandtheenvironmentofthesesurprisinganimals.Ihopetheseenvironment-friendlyideascanhelpeveryonetodo10.(they)bitfortheenvironmentandtomakethisworldabetterplace.课时精练三Ⅰ.1.主语I2.主语和谓语Itis3.谓语的一部分play4．动词不定式符号to后的touchthedog5.宾语whenhewillgoabroad6.主语和谓语的一部分AreyouⅡ.1.dancing2.wherenecessary3.Ifso4.thoughhisfathertoldhimnotto5.ThebookheborrowedyesterdayⅢ.1.When(youare)visitinganothercountry2.thatweallshouldattendit3.(that/inwhich)shetreatsherstudents4．Ithinkso5.havedifficulty/problem/trouble(in)learningEnglishwellⅣ.eq\x(语篇解读这是一篇说明文，研究发现，欧美数百个湖泊含氧量大幅下降。)1．A[词义猜测题。根据画线词后的两句可知，湖泊的溶解氧损失有明显的人类活动的原因，故画线词所在句意为“研究结果显示出明显的人类足迹”，conspicuous意为“明显的”，故选A。]2．D[推理判断题。根据第四段前三句可知，人们很早就关注了水体的溶解氧损失，2017年的研究发现了海洋含氧量下降的问题，但之前人们对湖泊的研究较少，而新研究发现湖泊的氧气损失更加严重，故文章提到2017年的研究是为了解释这项新研究的必要性。故选D。]3．C[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Butifdeepwaterislowinoxygen，thesecreaturescan’tsurvive.”可知，深水区溶解氧下降会导致深水鱼类生存的机会更少，故选C。]4．B[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，湖泊表层水中氧气的增加意味着藻类的突然生长，这些湖泊中深水区的溶解氧非常低，不适合很多物种居住，故这表明当地的生态系统可能正在恶化，故选B。]Ⅴ.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。Kerr小时候想当护林员，长大后却一直在广播电台工作，然而在退休后，他实现了自己儿时的梦想，成了一名出色的护林员。1．B[fortunately幸运地；instead反而，却；secretly秘密地；therefore因此。根据前文“Asaboy，Kerrwantedtobeaparkranger(护林员)．”可知，Kerr小时候想当护林员，而长大后却一直在广播电台工作。故选B。]2．C[根据前文“retired”和后文“severalboringweeks”可知，退休后，他心中没有任何具体的目标。故选C。]3．A[happen碰巧；decide决定；ask问；cancel取消。根据前文“Onroute”可知，他碰巧在黄石基金会停下来。故选A。]4．C[answer回答；advise建议；educate教育，教导；save节省。根据后文“parkguestsonwolves”以及倒数第二段中的“educatingparkvisitors”可知，黄石公园基金会正在招人向公园游客介绍狼。故选C。]5．A[sign签名，报名；leave离开；doubt怀疑；hesitate犹豫。根据后文“becameaninternship(实习生)”可知，Kerr报了名。故选A。]6．B[helpout帮助摆脱(困境)；standout突出；holdout坚持，幸存；setout动身，开始。根据后文“mostofwhomwerecollegeandevenhighschoolstudents”可知，因为大多数人是大学生或者高中生，所以他显得格外突出。故选B。]7．D[tend倾向于；train训练；know知道；prepare准备。根据前文“Asaboy，Kerrwantedtobeaparkranger(护林员)”以及后文“Hisoutdooradventures...hadgivenhima______”可知，Kerr从小就立志做一名护林员而且他有户外探险的经历，因此他从小就为此做好了充分的准备。故选D。]8．D[view观点；fear害怕；trust信任；love爱。根据前文“Hisoutdooradventureswithhisgrandfather...”可知，他和祖父的户外冒险使他爱上了大自然。故选D。]9．C[deal交易；promise承诺；contribution贡献；plan计划。根据后文“maketheirneighborhoodjustalittlebit________”可知，一些人在寻找能让他们觉得自己在为让他们的社区变得更好而做出贡献的事情。故选C。]10．D[cleaner更干净；braver更勇敢；easier更简单；better更好。根据后文“todosomethingmeaningful”可知，此处表示让他们的社区变得更好。故选D。]11．B[understanding理解，明白；urge强烈的愿望；impression印象；impact作用。根据前文“also”可知，Kerr也有做一些有意义的事情的强烈愿望。故选B。]12．A[根据后文“betweenguestsandanimals”可知，他致力于确保游客和动物之间的安全会面。故选A。]13．A[treasure珍惜；quit离开；update更新；change改变。根据后文“enjoyingmoments”可知，他很珍惜他的工作。故选A。]14．D[charge管理；call打电话，称作；join加入；treat对待，招待。根据后文“avisitortoanup-closelookatwolvesthroughhistelescope”可知，他招待游客通过望远镜近距离观察狼。故选D。]15．C[visitor参观者；animal动物；moment时刻；tool工具。根据前文“enjoyingmomentswhenhe__________avisi