四级英语作文讲解

作文讲解及模板（后附写作七项原则及常用句型）收集整理编写：肖庆华陈明四级作文可分为：记叙类，图表类，应用文类，阐述类（常见的如问题解决型,观点表达型，观点表达型一般也要求对某一问题进行讨论和提出解决方案），辩论式议论类（正反观点），其实辩论式议论类也可归为阐述类，要注意的就是它一定会要求作者对一个现象的两种正反观点进行阐述，而后再提出自己的观点。近年来应用文类和阐述类考得比较多，记叙类的文章按照题目的要求写出相关内容即可（当然要逻辑表达清楚，内容要充实，因为内容相差很大，所以没有统一的模板可以遵循，尤其需要平时的积累，但由于内容贴近生活，一般都不会太难），其他的类型规律性要强些，可以总结出一些模板，但模板并非万能的，不能囊括所有的情况，而且大家都用模板，很容易引起阅卷老师的反感，如果死板的运用模板，结果可能会弄巧成拙。一个有效的建议：多看优秀范文，多记句型，根据优秀范文ＤＩＹ属于自己的模板。下面我们来一起看些优秀范文并ＤＩＹ模板。（关于应用文类另外还有一个名为应用文的一个ppt讲解，注意下面每种类型范文后还有一个大众模板，全篇为蓝色字，慎用！）1图表类Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicABoominContinuingEducation.Youshouldwriteatleast120words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:1)上图为某城市2002-2008年参加继续教育的人数情况，请描述其中的变化；2)分析导致该变化的原因；3)谈谈你对继续教育的看法。【范文】（图表类）ABoominContinuingEducationFromthegraph,wecanlearnthenumberofcontinuingeducationparticipantshaskeptincreasingfrom2002to2008inXcity.In2002therewereonly20thousandpeopletakingpartinthecontinuingeducation,butin2004thenumbergrewto70thousand,andin2006,andby2008,thenumberhasreached230thousand.Itcanbeseeneasilythatcontinuingeducationisgainingmoreandmorepopularity。Thefollowingreasonsareresponsibleforthisboomincontinuingeducation.Firstly,duringtheworkmanypeoplebegintorealizewhattheyhavelearnedinschoolsisfarfromenough.Sotheyturntocontinuingeducationtogainmoreknowledgeandskills.Moreover,asthescienceandtechnologyinChinaaredevelopingveryfast,adultsaftergraduationhavetorefreshthemselves.Inaddition,inmodernsociety,thosewithoutbachelor'sdegreesorabovearelesscompetitive。AsfarasIamconcerned,theboomincontinuingeducationisanecessity.Itprovidesthoseon-the-jobpeoplewithchancestogetadvanceddegreesandgainmoreknowledge.Asoursocietydevelops,moreandmorepeoplewillreceivecontinuingeducationinthefuture。ＤＩＹ模板ABoominContinuingEducationFromthegraph,wecanlearnthenumberof…(主题)haskeptincreasingfrom…(时间)to…（时间）in…(地点).In…（时间）therewereonly…（数量）,butin…（时间）thenumbergrewto…（数量）,andin…(时间),andby…(时间),thenumberhasreached…（数量）.Itcanbeseeneasilythat…(主题)isgainingmoreandmorepopularity.Thefollowingreasonsareresponsiblefor…(主题).Firstly,...(原因一)Secondly,…(原因二)Inaddition,…(原因三)AsfarasIamconcerned,…(主题)isanecessity.Itprovides…(对象)with…(好处)to...(好的行为).Asoursocietydevelops,moreandmorepeoplewill…(趋势)inthefuture.图表类大众模板之一Itisobviousinthegraph/tablethattherate/number/amountofYhasundergonedramaticchanges.Ithasgoneup/grown/fallen/droppedconsiderablyinrecentyears(asXvaries).Atthepointof（接近）X1,Yreachesitspeakvalueof…(多少).Whatisthereasonforthischange?Mainlythereare…(多少)reasonsbehindthesituationreflectedinthegraphic/table.Firstofall,…(一个原因).Moreimportantly,…(一个原因).Mostimportantofall,…(一个原因).Fromtheabovediscussions,wehaveenoughreasontopredictwhatwillhappeninthenearfuture.Thetrenddescribedinthegraph/tablewillcontinueforquitealongtimeifnecessarymeasuresarenottaken.2阐述类（问题解决型）Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicOnWaterShortage.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.水资源短缺已成为严重问题；2.造成水资源短缺的原因；3.提出解决方案。OnWaterShortage【范文】阐述类（问题解决型）OnWaterShortageNoonecanhavefailedtonoticethefactthatwatershortageisagraveproblemwithwhichthewholeworldisconfronted.Actually,ithasbecomesowidespreadthatithasseverelyaffectedpeople’sdailylifeandhinderedthedevelopmentoftheglobaleconomy.Anumberoffactorscouldaccountfortheproblem,butthefollowingmightbethecriticalones.Tobeginwith,withthedevelopmentofagricultureandindustry,anincreasingamountofwaterisneeded.Inaddition,theever-increasingpopulationisanotherleadingcauseofwatershortage.Besides,theglobaltendencyofwarmingupalsocontributestotheproblem.What’sworse,pollutionandwasteoffreshwateraggravatethesituation.Inviewoftheseriousnessoftheproblem,effectivemeasuresmustbetakenbeforethingsgetworse.First,itisessentialthatlawsandregulationsbeworkedoutandenforcedtoprotectwaterresources.Secondly,peopleshouldenhancetheirawarenessofsavingwater.Withthesemeasurestaken,itisreasonableforustoexpectabrighterfuture.ＤＩＹ模板OnWaterShortage（问题解决型）Noonecanhavefailedtonoticethefactthat…(问题)isagraveproblemwithwhich…(面对问题的人或事)is/areconfronted.Actually,ithasbecomesowidespreadthatithasseverelyaffected…andhinderedthedevelopmentof….Anumberoffactorscouldaccountfortheproblem,butthefollowingmightbethecriticalones.Tobeginwith,withthedevelopmentof….,anincreasingamountof…isneeded(原因一).Inaddition,…(原因二)isanotherleadingcauseof….Besides,…(原因二)alsocontributestotheproblem.What’sworse,…(原因二)aggravate(s)thesituation.Inviewoftheseriousnessoftheproblem,effectivemeasuresmustbetakenbeforethingsgetworse.First,itisessentialthatlawsandregulationsbeworkedoutandenforcedtoprotect….(指出第一个措施，此处立法并执法，protect接对象).Secondly,peopleshouldenhancetheirawarenessof….(原因二，在此处是提高观念).Withthesemeasurestaken,itisreasonableforustoexpectabrighterfuture.3阐述类（观点表达型）2010.12真题Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledHowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2.为了让孩子独立,父母应该……【范文】阐述类（观点表达型）HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?Nowadays,thereisagrowingconcernoversuchaphenomenon,thatis,someparentstakecareofalmosteverythingconcernedwiththeirchildren,includingstudy,work,andmarriage.Someparentsbelievethatthisislove,however,itisonlytodestroychildren’sindependencethoroughly.Forthefutureofthenextgeneration,moreeffortsshouldbemadebyparentstohelptheirchildrentobeindependent.Thefundamentaloneistocultivatetheawareness,namely,theimportanceandnecessityofbeingindependent,whichissupposedtobeginfromchildhood.Childrenshouldbetaughtthatnoonecanbestrongerandmorehelpfulthanthemselvesinthisworld.Thequalityofindependenceissoindispensableforusthatparentshadbetteractasatutor,notadictator.Andonlywithparents’trust,canthenextgenerationaccumulateconfidencestepbystep.ＤＩＹ模板HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentobeIndependentNowadays,thereisagrowingconcernoversuchaphenomenon,thatis,...Some....(某种人)believethatthisis…(积极的内容),however,itisonlytodestroy…(对象)thoroughly(消极的内容).Forthefutureof(Forthesakeof)…(为了谁或什么着想),moreeffortsshouldbemadeby…(某种人)tohelp….(对象).Thefundamentaloneisto….(措施一)Moreover,…shouldbe…(措施二).…(讨论的主题)issoindispensableforusthat…(某种人)hadbetter….(采取的措施).Andonlywith…(具备的条件),can…(讨论的对象)accumulateconfidencestepbystep.大众模板（问题解决型和观点表达型都可用）Inrecentdays,wehavetofaceaproblem-----A,whichisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.--------(说明A的现状)．ConfrontedwithA,weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation.Foronething,---------------(解决方法一).Foranother-------------(解决方法二).Finally,--------------(解决方法三).Personally,Ibelievethat-------------(我的解决方法).Consequently,I’mconfidentthatabrightfutureisawaitingusbecause--------------(带来的好处).4阐述类（正反观点和自我观点表达相结合）2005年12月全国大学英语四级作文PartVWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledShouldtheUniversityCampusBeOpentoTourists?YoushouldwriteatLeast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.名校校园正成为旅游新热点

2.校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不同

3.我认为…【范文】阐述类（正反观点和自我观点表达相结合）ShouldtheUniversityCampusBeOpentoTourists?Nowadays,manyfamousuniversitycampuseshavebecomeoneofthepopulartouristattractions.IthasbeenshownonTVandontheradiothateveryyearthousandsandthousandsofmiddleschoolstudentsvisitTsingHuaUniversityandPekingUniversitySofarasthepresentsituationisconcerned,isitagoodorbadthingtoopentheuniversitycampusfortourists?Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.Ononehand,somepeoplearguedthatitisagoodthingforthestudentstovisitthefamousuniversitycampusinthatitcanenablethemiddlestudentstogetmoreinformationabouttheuniversityandtheycanhaveenoughtimeandopportunitytopreparethemselveswiththechancetogetintotheuniversity.Ontheotherhand,somepeopleholdanegativeviewaboutthisphenomenon.Intheiropinion,thepublictourismwillhavenegativeeffectontheuniversitiesbecauseitwillnotonlydoharmtotheenvironmentbutalsototheintellectualatmosphere.Inmyopinion,thetourismtotheuniversitiesisnotagoodthing.Thecampusismainlyaplaceforstudy.Withtheincreasingtourismonthecampus,itwillruinthespiritualatmosphereinthislearningfield.ＤＩＹ模板ShouldtheUniversityCampusBeOpentoTourists?Nowadays,…havebecomepopular.IthasbeenshownonTVandontheradiothat….(列举现象一).Moreover,….(列举现象二)Sofarasthepresentsituationisconcerned,isitagoodorbadthingto…(主题)?Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.Ononehand,somepeoplearguedthatitisagoodthingfor…(某种人)to…(主题所讲的行为)inthatitcanenable…(前面所讲的某种人)to...(好的结果).Ontheotherhand,somepeopleholdanegativeviewaboutthisphenomenon.Intheiropinion,…(主题)willhavenegativeeffectontheuniversitiesbecauseitwillnotonlydoharmto…(所涉及的对象)butalsoto….(所涉及的对象).Inmyopinion,…(主题)isnotagoodthing.Thereasonis...(列举原因)Withtheincreasing…(主题),itwillruin….(列举结果)大众模板阐述类（正反观点和自我观点表达相结合）ThereisnoconsensusofopinionsamongpeopleaboutX（争论的焦点）。Somepeopleareoftheviewthat…(观点)because…(原因)，whileotherstakeanoppositeside,firmlybelievingthat…(相反的观点)because…(观点)。AsfarasIamconcerned,theformer/latternotionispreferableinmanysenses.Thereasonsareobvious.Firstofall,…(论据1).Furthermore,…(论据2).Amongallofthesupportingevidences,oneisthestrongest.Thatis,…(论据3).Anaturalconclusionfromtheabovediscussionisthat…(总结观点).Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto…(表决心).或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat…(进行预测)5阐述类（辩论式议论类（正反观点））2006年12月全国大学英语四级考试真题和答案PartIWriting(30minutes)

注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutetowriteashortessayonthetopicofstudentsselectingtheirlectures.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbellow:

1.许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会

2.但有些人提出取消春节晚会

3.我的看法【范文】阐述类（辩论式议论类（正反观点））OnSpringFestivalGalaTheapproachoftheChineseLunarNewYearposesanationalissueconcerningthenecessityofholdingtheCCTVSpringFestivalGala.Itsestablishedstatusisbeingchallengedbyagrowingnumberofpeople,especiallybyyoungergenerations.Itisincreasinglydifficulttocaterforalltastes.Someindividualsdeemthatitshouldbecanceledorreplacedbyotherprograms.TheseyoungpeoplefocustheirattentiononotherformsofcelebrationinsteadofimmersingthemselvesinTV.Despitethat,themajorityofmid-agedpeopleandseniorcitizensupholdtheimportanceofthetraditionalperformance.Themoststrikingfeatureofthisgalaisitstraditionallycloselinkwithordinarypeople'slives.MostofpeopleviewthisgalaasanannualstapleonthetraditionalChineseSpringFestivalEve.Theyallhavearestlessnightandgluetheireyesonthetelevision.Iamnotsupportiveoftheviewthatthegrandgalashouldbeabandoned.Undoubtedly,itplaysavitalroleinthecelebrationofChineseNewYear.Toincreaseitsappealandmeetyoungadults'need,theupcomingperformanceshouldinvitesomebignamesincludingsuperstarsfromHongkongandTaiwan.Wearealleagerlyanticipatingthisunforgettableeveningshow.ＤＩＹ模板OnSpringFestivalGala…(和主题相关的情况)posesanationalissueconcerningthenecessityofholding…(主题).Itsestablishedstatusisbeingchallengedbyagrowingnumberofpeople,especiallyby…(某种人).Itisincreasinglydifficulttocaterforalltastes.Someindividualsdeemthatitshouldbecanceledorreplacedby….(和主题相类的其他事物).…(前面some所指的人)focustheirattentionon…(关注主题以外的其他方面)insteadof…(关注主题).Despitethat,themajorityof…(另外一种人)upholdtheimportanceof….(继续支持主题)Themoststrikingfeatureof…(主题)is….(具体的特征).Mostofpeopleview…(主题)as….(具体的观点)Iamnotsupportiveoftheviewthat…(主题)shouldbeabandoned.Undoubtedly,itplaysavitalrolein…(具体的领域).Toincreaseitsappealandmeet…need(反对的人的需求),…should...(采取的具体措施).Wearealleagerlyanticipating….(积极的方面).大众模板阐述类（辩论式议论类（正反观点））模板一Whenaskedabout______________(主题),somepeopleholdtheideathat_________________________(观点A).Asfarastheyareconcerned,_________________________(展开观点A).ButIcouldnotagreewiththeminseveralpoints.Inmyopinion,______________________________(观点B).Thereasonsformychoicearelistedasfollows.Inthefirstplace,___________________________(支持观点B的理由1).Inthesecondplace,______________________________(支持观点B的理由2).Inthethirdplace,_______________________________(支持观点B的理由3).Forthereasonsmentionedabove,Ifirmlybelieve____________(重申观点B).模板二（有明显的利弊倾向）Nowadaysmanypeopleprefer__________(主题)becauseitplaysasignificantroleinourdailylife.Generally,itsadvantagescanbeseenasfollows.Ontheonehand,________________(主题的优点1).Ontheotherhand,___________________(主题的优点2).Buteverythingcanbedividedintotwo.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent.Oneoftheimportantdisadvantagesisthat___________________(主题的缺点1).Tomakemattersworse,__________________________(主题的缺点2).Throughtheaboveanalysis,Ibelievethatthepositiveaspectsfaroutweighitsnegativeaspects.Whatevereffectsithas,onethingiscertain,________(主题)itselfisneithergoodnorbad.Itistheusestowhichitisputthatdetermineitsvaluetooursociety.6应用文类的范文几篇2005年1月全国大学英语四级考试作文PartVWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacampaignspeechinsupportofyourelectiontothepostofchairmanofthestudentunion.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.你认为自己具备了什么条件(能力、性格、爱好等)可以胜任学生会主席的工作

2.如果当选，你将为本校同学做些什么

ACampaignSpeechGoodmorning,ladiesandgentleman!TodayIamverygladtorunforthepresidentofthestudents’union.IamjuniorinChemicalDepartment.SinceIcameintotheuniversity,Ihavealwaysbeenthemonitorofmyclass.Ihavedoneaverygoodjobformyclassmates,andmyclassmatesandmyteacherallgivemeagoodpraise.Iamgoodatcommunicationandorganizing.AndIliketohelpothers.

Moreover,Ihaveavarietyofhobbies,forexample,basketball,football,pingpong,etc.IamsurethatIamqualifiedforthisposition.IfIbecomethepresident,Iwilltrymybesttodowell.Iwillorganizesomesuitableactivitiesforyou.Iwilldomanythingsforyoutomeetyourdemandsaswell.Iamsincerelyhopeyouwillgivemeachance,andpleasebelievemethatIwillbeagoodpresident.Thankyou!2006年6月全国大学英语四级考试作文PartVWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledAnannouncementforavoluntaryprogram.YoushouldwriteatLeast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.校学生会组织依次暑假志愿活动现招聘志愿者2.本次志愿都活动的目的内容及安排3.报名条件和联系方式AnAnnouncementforaVoluntaryProgramFollowStudents,Thehardandhectic(busyandbustling)semesterisdrawingtoclose.TheStudents’Unionisscheduledtoorganizeaclean-upprogramtotheZhongshanLakeTheprogramproceduregoeslikethis:nextSaturdaymorningat9:00volunteersof50willgototheZhongshanlake.Aroundthelakewewillputupsignsandposterscallingpeople’sattentiontotheimportanceofinenvironmentprotectionandpickupthetrashbysometourists.Thiswillcertainlyattractalotofpeoplesinceitisaweekendandtheparkisparticularlypopularwithtourists.Eachdaythereisanestimatednumberof2000peoplevisitingtheplace,sight-seeingandpicnic-going.Thismustbebothexitingandrewarding.Wewelcomeanystudentswholiketotakethetimeandtroubletodosomethingforenvironmentconservation.Interestedstudentscanregisteryourselveswithusnow.(orsignupyournamesatouroffice.)Ournumberis88807777.TheStudentsUnion写作的“七项基本原则”一、长短句原则工作还得一张一驰呢，老让读者读长句，累死人！写一个短小精辟的句子，相反，却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题：Asacreature,Ieat;asaman,Iread.Althoughoneactionistomeettheprimaryneedofmybodyandtheotheristosatisfytheintellectualneedofmind,theyareinawayquitesimilar.如此可见，长短句结合，抑扬顿挫，岂不爽哉？牢记！二、主题句原则国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感！相信各位读过一些破烂文学，故意把主体隐藏在文章之内，结果造成我们稀里糊涂！不知所云！所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头（保险型）或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事！特别提示：隐藏主体句可是要冒险的！Tobeginwith,youmustworkhardatyourlessonsandbefullypreparedbeforetheexam（主题句）.Withoutsufficientpreparation,youcanhardlyexpecttoanswerallthequestionscorrectly.三、一二三原则领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点…如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。1）first,second,third,last（不推荐，原因：俗）2）firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally（不推荐，原因：俗）3）thefirst,thesecond,thethird,thelast（不推荐，原因：俗）4）inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,inthethirdplace,lastly（不推荐，原因：俗）5）tobeginwith,then,furthermore,finally（强烈推荐）6）tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally（强烈推荐）7）firstandforemost,besides,lastbutnotleast（强烈推荐）8）mostimportantofall,moreover,finally（强烈推荐）9）ontheonehand,ontheotherhand（适用于两点的情况）10）foronething,foranotherthing（适用于两点的情况）建议：不仅仅在写作中注意，平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚！四、短语优先原则

写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处：其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单，看不到一个自己不认识的短语，必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点—精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办？用短语是一个办法！比如：

Icannotbearit.

可以用短语表达：Icannotputupwithit.

Iwantit.

可以用短语表达：Iamlookingforwardtoit.

这样字数明显增加，表达也更准确。

五、多实少虚原则

原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候，不应该之说nice这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如generous,humorous,interesting,smart,gentle,warm-hearted,hospital之类的形象词。再比如：

走出房间，general的词是：walkoutoftheroom

但是小偷走出房间应该说：slipoutoftheroom

小姐走出房间应该说：sailoutoftheroom

小孩走出房间应该说：danceoutoftheroom

老人走出房间应该说：staggeroutoftheroom

所以多用实词，少用虚词，文章将会大放异彩！

六、多变句式原则

1）加法（串联）

都希望写下很长的句子，可就是担心写错，怎么办，最保险的写长句的方法就是这些，可以在任何句子之间加and,但最好是前后的句子有先后关系或者并列关系。比如说：

Ienjoymusicandheisfondofplayingguitar.

如果是二者并列的，我们可以用一个超级句式：

Notonlythefurcoatissoft,butitisalsowarm.

其它的短语可以用：

besides,furthermore,likewise,moreover

2）转折（拐弯抹角）

批评某人缺点的时候，我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点，这种方式虽然阴险了点，可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢，我们说话的时候，只要在要点之前先来点废话，注意二者之间用个转折词就够了。

Thecarwasquiteold,yetitwasinexcellentcondition.

Thecoatwasthin,butitwaswarm.

更多的短语：

despitethat,still,however,nevertheless,inspiteof,despite,notwithstanding

3）因果（so）

昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩，然后我主动搭讪，然后我们去咖啡厅，然后我们认识了，然后我们成为了朋友…可见，讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序，先什么，后什么，所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系！

Thesnowbegantofall,sowewenthome.

更多短语：

then,therefore,consequently,accordingly,hence,asaresult,forthisreason,sothat

4）失衡句（头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重）

有些人脑袋大，身体小，虽然我们不希望长成这个样子，可如果真的是这样了，也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子，就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句的变形。

举例：ThisiswhatIcando.

Whetherhecangowithusornotisnotsure.

同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分：

Whentogo,Whyhegoesaway…

5）附加（多此一举）

那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。

Themanwhomyoumetyesterdayisafriendofmine.

Idon’tenjoythatbookyouarereading.

MrLiu,ouroralEnglishteacher,iseasy-going.

其实很简单，同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成；定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中，但是whomorthat关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。

6）排比（排山倒海句）

文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此，如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话，那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句，一个个的对偶句，一个个的不定式，一个个的词，一个个的短语，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势！

Whetheryourtastesaremodernortraditional,sophisticatedorsimple,thereisplentyinLondonforyou.

Nowadays,energycanbeobtainedthroughvarioussourcessuchasoil,coal,naturalgas,solarheat,thewindandoceantides.

Wehavegottostudyhard,toenlargeourscopeofknowledge,torealizeourpotentialsandtopayforourlife.（气势恢宏）

要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可！

七、挑战极限原则

既然是挑战极限，必然是比较难的，但是并非不可攀！

原理：在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格的句子，其实也很简单，只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会，它就是分词的一种特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。比如：

Theweatherbeingfine,alargenumberofpeoplewenttoclimbtheWesternHills.

Africaisthesecondlargestcontinent,itssizebeingaboutthreetimesthatofChina.

如果您可一些出这样的句子，会给文章起到画龙点睛的作用。最后再次忠告：如果对句式的使用没有十足的把握，还是谨慎行事为妙，写得简单总比写错好！四级常用句型一、引出开头1：Itiswell-knowntousthat……（我们都知道……）==Asfarasmyknowledgeisconcerned,…（就我所知…）2：Recentlytheproblemof……hasbeenbroughtintofocus.==Nowadaysthereisagrowingconcernover……（最近……问题引起了关注）3：Nowadays（overpopulation）hasbecomeaproblemwehavetoface.（现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题）4：Internethasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.Ithasbroughtalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.（互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题）5：Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，moreandmorepeoplebelievethat……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……）6：Itisacommonbeliefthat……==Itiscommonlybelievedthat……（人们一般认为……）7：Alotofpeopleseemtothinkthat……（很多人似乎认为……）8:Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat+句子（全世界都知道...）二、表达不同观点1：People'sviewson……varyfrompersontoperson.Someholdthat……However,othersbelievethat……（人们对……的观点因人而异，有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……）2：Peoplemayhavedifferentopinionson……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解）3：Attitudestowards（drugs）varyfrompersontoperson.==Differentpeopleholddifferentattitudestowards（failure）（人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异）4:Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto……（对于……人们的观点大不相同）三、表示结尾1：Inshort,itcanbesaidthat……（总之，他的意思是……）2：Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wecancometotheconclusionthat……（从上面提到的，我们可以得出结论……）3：Takingallthesefactorsintoconsideration,wenaturally/reasonablycometotheconclusionthat……（把所有的这些因素加以考虑，我们自然可以得出结论……）4：Hence/Therefore,we'dbettercometotheconclusionthat……（因此，我们最好的出这样的结论……）5:Thereisnodoubtthat(job-hopping)hasitsdrawbacksaswellasmerits.（毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点）6：Allinall,wecannotlivewithout……,butatthesametimewemusttrytofindoutnewwaystocopewiththeproblemsthatwouldarise.（总之，我们没有……无法生活，但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题）四、提出建议1：Itishightimethatweputanendtothe(trend).（该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了）2：Thereisnodoubtthatenoughconcernmustbepaidtotheproblemof……（毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够重视）3：Obviously,ifwewanttodosomething…itisessentialthat……（显然，如果我们想要做么事，很重要的是……）4：Onlyinthiswaycanwe……（只有这样，我们才能……）5：Sparenoeffortto+V（不遗余力的）五、预示后果1：Obviously，ifwedon'tcontroltheproblem,thechancesarethat……willleadusindanger.（很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险）2：Nodoubt,unlesswetakeeffectivemeasures,itisverylikelythat……（毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，否则我们很可能会……）3：Itisurgentthatimmediatemeasuresshouldbetakentostopthesituation（很紧迫的是应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展）六、表示论证1：Frommypointofview,itismorereasonabletosupportthefi