专题07 阅读理解七选五之方法策略10篇+环境保护6篇+文化4篇(模考好题20篇)(学生版)

专题07阅读理解七选五之方法策略10篇+环境保护6篇+文化4篇(模考好题20篇)一、概述七选五阅读正文部分通常是一篇完整的文章，有五个句子被挖空，正文后给出七个选项，均为完整句子，要求考生根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。此题型拓宽了阅读理解能力考察的深度和广度，考查学生句子和语篇两个层面的阅读能力和领悟能力，以及对整个语篇的衔接手段与连贯性的洞察力。总之，七选五的题型难度要大于传统的阅读理解题，对学生把握文章结构脉络、逻辑思维能力和语言综合运用能力，有更高的要求。二、技巧点拨1、如果空白处在段首，则答案通常是段落主题句，做题时，应认真阅读本段内容，概括段落大意，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。2、如果空白处在段中，段中的空白处多位于段落主题句之后，与上下文构成明显的逻辑关系：如常见的分述细化主题的并列关系、语义发生变化的转折关系，对上诉概念的解释说明、举例论证，这些句子起衔接上下文的作用，因此成为历年高考语篇考查的重中之重。3、如果空白处在段尾，则答案通常是结论或概括性的语句。空白处前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。做题时注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等词语。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接，即空白处起前后两段过渡作用。模拟演练01人与自我--方法/策略Passage1(2024·河北沧州·一模)Thinkingaboutadoptingahealthylifestyle?Congratulations!Therearesomanyreasonsforadoptingahealthylifestyle.Herearesometipstohelpyougetstartedwithyournewhabits.Beforeyoubegin,askyourselfsomequestions,whatareyourreasonsforthinkingaboutahealthierlifestyle?1Yourwhyshouldreflectyourvaluesandwhat’simportanttoyou.Knowingyourspecificwhywillhelpyoutonotjustgetstarted,butwillhelpkeepyoufocusedandmotivatedasitguidesyourjourney.Focusonbehaviors,notresults.2Butswitchingyourfocusfromoutcomestothenewhabitsyou’recreatingandactionsyou’retakingismorebeneficial.It’sactuallysomedailyhealth-promotingbehaviorsthatwillcreatechangeandcanleadtothehealthoutcomesyoudesire.3RememberRomewasn’tbuiltinaday!Andthingslikeyoureatinghabits,cookingskills,athleticabilities,andmorewon’tchangeovernight.Thisisalsowhyyoudon’tneedalonglisttellingyoueverythingyouneedtostopdoing.Youjustneedtotakethefirststep.Rememberit’snotallornothing.Ahealthylifestyleisneverallornothing.4Sofocusoneatingfoodsandcreatinghabitsthatmakeyoufeelgood.Canyoudoitforever?Oneofthemostimportantthingstoaskyourselfwhenbuildinghealthyhabitsis,“Canyoudoitforlife?”Sure,youcouldprobablysticktoadietforashortperiod,butcanyouseeyourselfdoingthatforever?5A.Startsmallandtakesteadysteps.B.Whyisdoingthisimportantforyou?C.Makealistofhabitsyouwanttobuild.D.It’sokaytodesireweightloss,oranyotheroutcomes.E.Inaword,fastingisharmfulandnoonewouldliketodoso.F.Ifnot,remember:temporarymethodsareequaltotemporaryresults.G.It’saboutcreatingahealthyrelationshipwithfoodandyourbody.Passage2(2024·湖南·二模)HopontheSilentWalkingTrendSilentwalkinginvolveswalkingoutdoorswithoutdistractionslikemusicorconversations,focusingonthemind-body-natureconnection.1That’saslower,lower-impactwaytorelaxandisgreatforfitness.Here’severythingyouneedtoknowaboutthetrend.Selectanaturalsettingandfullyengageyoursenses.Forreapingthementalhealthbenefits,itisrecommendedtofindaquietandpeacefulnaturallocation.2Meanwhile,consciouslyobservingthesights,sounds,smells,andphysicalsensationsduringthewalkcansignificantlyimpactcognitiveandemotionalwell-being.Tostimulatethemind,considerexploringdifferentroutesthanusual.Withoutyourfavouritepodcastorplaylist,youmightslipintoboredomonyourwalk.3Anditmightevenbegoodforyourbrain.Scientistsapplaudthevirtuesofboredomforbrainhealth,believingthatitboostscreativityandimprovessocialconnections.Andifyoudogetbored,restassuredthatitshowsyou’vedisconnectedfromexternaldistractions.Gowithit,andmakesureyoutakeadifferentrouteeachtime—it’llkeepyoumotivated.Startoffwithfive-minutesilentwalksandeventuallybuilduptothirtyminutes.Ifyou’reusuallyaheadphonewearer,itwillfeelsuperweirdtowalkwithoutyourgo-totunes,butgiveyourselfasecondtoadjust.Chancesare,onceyou’reafewminutesintoyoursilentwalk,you’llfeelthemagickickin.4Regularreflectionandongoingdocumentationareessential.Aftercompletingasilentwalk,taketimetoreflectuponanyemergingthoughts,feelings,orinsights.5Journalingabouttheexperiencecanalsosolidifyconnectionsbetweenthoughtsandideas,providingavaluabletoolforself-reflectionandgrowth.A.Butbeingboredwon’thurtyou.B.Takingdifferentpathscanleadtoexcitingdiscoveries.C.Adjustingtheroutinegraduallycanhelpeaseintotheexperience.D.You’llalsostartnoticingthelittlethingsaroundyoumoreclearly.E.TheycandeepenunderstandingandserveasarecordofpersonalgrowthF.Unlikeexercise-orientedwalking,itisn’taboutreachingcertainspeedorstepsG.Insuchanenvironment,youcanimmerseyourselfinthenaturalsoundscape(音景).Passage3(2024·山东·三模)Timeisavaluableresource,especiallyforthosewhoneedtodealwithacademicdemands,personalgrowth,andsocialactivitiesatthesametime.Effectivetimemanagementnotonlyleadstoincreasedproductivity,butreducesstress.1.Herearesomestrategiestohelpyoungadultsmastertheartoftimemanagement.Settingclearandachievableshort-termandlong-termgoalsisessentialforyouth.2They’llalsodistributetimeaccordingly.Whetherit’sstudyingforexamsorpursuingpersonalinterests,havingwell-definedgoalsprovidesasenseofdirection.Meanwhile,importancelevelsoftaskscanvary.Byfocusingonkeytasksandminimizingtimespentonunimportantones,youngadultscanperfecttheirtimemanagement.3Itmakesefficientuseoftheirtime.Whetherusingaplanneroracalendarappschedulingspecificblocksoftimefordifferentactivities,includingstudytime,exercise,socializing,canleadtobettertimeuse.Furthermore,learningtosaynoisavaluableskillforyouth.Withnumerousopportunitiesandinterests,it’seasytobecomeoverwhelmed.Bybeingselectiveaboutcommitments,youngadultscanarrangetheirtimeandenergywisely.Sayingnotonon-essentialactivitiesfreesuptimeforimportanttasks.4.Inthepursuitofpersonalsuccess,youngadultsoftenfindthemselvescaughtupinaseriesofresponsibilitiesandcommitments.However,it’sessentialforthemtorecognizethatlifeshouldn’tbelikethis.Self-careplaysavitalroleintimemanagement.5Byensuringtheymaintainahealthywork-lifebalance,youngadultscanrechargetheirenergylevels,improvefocus,andincreaseproductivity.Thatway,theyperfecttimeusageandpavethewayforsuccess.A.Thatactuallypreventsover-commitment.B.Oneshouldconstantlyreviewhowtimeisspent.C.Itcreatesopportunitiesforpersonaldevelopmentaswell.D.Developingadailyschedulehelpsyoungadultsstayorganized.E.Puttingthingsoffconstantlyisacommontimemanagementproject.F.Byknowingwhattheywanttoaccomplish,theycanprioritizetheirtasks.G.Youthshouldvalueadequaterestandactivitiesthatpromotetheirwell-being.Passage4(2024·江苏·二模)Ifyouaretryingtoassessaperson’scharacter,makesureyoudonotrelytooheavilyonfactorsthatcanbemisleading.Instead,observetheindividual’sabilitytotellthetruthandtocommit.1Youcantellalotaboutaperson’scharacterbyobservinghowhetreatsotherpeople.2Itmaybedifficulttodeterminehowhetreatsdifferenttypesofpeopleifyouonlyencounterhiminasingleenvironment,suchastheworkplace.Itisoftenpossible,however,togetsomeideaofhismannerofinteractionwithdifferenttypesofpeoplethroughconversationwithhim.Whetherornotapersonishonestsaysalotabouthischaracter.Theattitudeapersonhasabouthonestycanalsoindicatewhattypeofpersonheis.3Tosomedegreethetypesoflieshemaytellandhismotivesfordoingsomatter.4Theword“commitment”oftencausespeopletoinstantlythinkofcloserelationships.Whetherapersoncanrespectthevows(誓约)andagreementsisusuallyanindicationofcharacter.Aperson’scharacterisaffectedbyhisattitude.5Attitudecanaffectmanyaspectsofaperson’slife,includinghowhardheworksandhisabilitytobesupportiveofothers.Whenyouaretryingtoassesssomeone’scharacter,rememberthatitconsistsofqualitiesandhabitsthatformhisidentity.A.Moreimportantly,it’snecessarytocontinuehisinnerstruggle.B.Thelevelofcommitmentindicatesthetypeofcharacterhehas.C.Therearemanyotherthingsinlifethatmayrequirecommitment.D.Thisincludesbothpeopleheknowsandpeoplehedoesnotknow.E.Also,payattentiontohisattitudeandtrytodistinguishhowitimpactshislife.F.Observetheperson’sconversationsandtrytodeterminehowoftenhetellslies.G.Somepeoplegenerallyhaveanegativeoutlookwhileothersmaytrytobepositiveevenindifficultsituations.Passage5(2024·浙江金华·二模)Haveyoueverwonderedwhyyouwanttodosomething,orwhatcausespeopletogothroughextraordinarypainorpersonalinvestmentjusttoachieveaparticularoutcome?1Motivation.Motivationisthereasonforpeople’sactions,goals,andwillingnesstopursuethegoals.Sometimesitseemsdifficulttofind,butweallhavethatsparkatourcore.Herearesomewaysyoucanturnthatsparkbackintoaflame.2Ifyourmotivationisfading,noticewhenthisstartstohappenandwhateventscouldhavedrivenit.You’llfindthatyou’remorelikelytofeelboredwhenyou’reincertainenvironments.Asyoubecomemoreawareofthis,youcanputyourselfinsituationswhereyou’remorelikelytothrive.Keepathankfulnessjournal.3Whenthey’reawareofwhatthey’rethankfulfor,itdrivestheminspecificareasoftheirlives.Consideringthis,youmayfindvalueinkeepingathankfulnessjournalwhereyouregularlylistblessings.Designanaccomplishmentbook.Creativepeoplemaydowelltodesignanaccomplishmentbookwithimagesofpastworkandaccomplishmentsasaformofencouragement.Itcanbeasinformalorformalasyou’dlike.Itmightbeasimplescrapbookyoukeepatyourdesk,oraprofessionallyprintedbookletthatyoukeepbyyourbed.4Getoutofthehouse.Ifyourlifeconsistsofgoingtowork,cominghome,watchingNetflix,andgoingtosleep,youshouldn’tbesurprisedthatyou’reunmotivated.5Stretchingyourselfwillexposeyoutonewideas,activities,andpeople,whichwilleitherstrikeupnewmotivationorrekindlethingsyouhaveforgottenabout.A.What’sthepossiblesolution?B.Identifywhenmotivationslips.C.What’sattheheartofthisissue?D.Decidewhatworksbestforyouandgiveitatry.E.Athankfulnessjournalisaperfectwaytoshowyourgratitudetoothers.F.Somepeoplefindthatthankfulnessandmotivationaredirectlyconnected.G.Makeitapointtogooutdoorsandtrynewthingsevenwhenyoudon’twantto.Passage6(2024·江苏·模拟预测)Whenwearefacedwithacrisis,orifwehaveanimportantdecisiontomake,manyofusfallintothetrapofover-thinking.Wemaykeepthinkingaboutsomethingconstantlyandtoolong.1Howcanwestopourselvesfromover-thinking?Doingsomethingtodistractyourselfisagoodidea.Youcanfindworkingwithyourhandsisespeciallygood.2Yourbrainsimplydoesn’thavetheresourcestosplititselfintoathirdactivity,forexampleover-thinking.3Studieshaveshownthatwhensomeoneviewssomethinginexcitementandanxiety,thebrainisforcedtobecomestuckinthepresentbecauseallofyoursensesarecompletelyengaged.Youdonothavetimetofocusonsomethingdifferent,whichcancauseover-thinking.Constantwishing,hopingandprayingdonotgiveyouanyrelief.Theyjustkeepyoustuckinoneplace.Buttakingthesmalleststepoffthecrisisreallymatters.Itwillsetthingsinmotion,makingyoulikeasnowball.4Thetrapsarethingsthatcauseyournaturalabilitytoreactwithoutyourealizingthatthereisaconnectionbetweenthetwo.Thus,avoidingrelevanttrapsisalsoagoodidea.5Forexample,ifoneofyourcolleaguesissonegativethatshealwaysdragsyoudown,stophangingoutwithherbyhavinglunchaloneatanearbyrestaurant.A.Thismindsettendstoruinourday.B.Putsimply,outofsight,outofmind.C.Justasasayinggoes,oncebitten,twiceshy.D.Youarereallygettingyourbrainworkingforyou.E.Otheractivitiesaretheonesthatarouseyourcuriosity.F.Itengagesyourmovementskillsandthinkingprocess.G.Thus,youwillgraduallymoveyourselfoutofthefeeling.Passage7(2024江苏镇江高三下·阶段练习)Wintercancausedamagetoyourskin,anditcanfeellikethere’snoescape.1Happily,therearemanywaystodealwithdryskinandkeepyourselfcomfortable.•Useahumidifier(加湿器)toincreasehumidity.Inthecoolerwintermonths,ahumidifierinyourhomeorofficewillrestoremoisturetotheair,helpingtokeepyourskinhydrated(含水的).Runahumidifierinyourentirehomeorinroomsyouspendthemosttimein,andaimtokeepindoorhumiditylevelsbetween30and50percent.2Ifyou’reunsureofyourhome’shumiditylevels,youcanbuyahumiditymeter.•Keepthermostat(恒温器)temperaturescoolandcomfortable.Ifyou’relookingtoescapedry,coldoutdoorair,youarelikelytoturnontheheatassoonasyougethome.3Tryacoolyetcomfortablesettingtopreventyourskinfromdryingfurther-theAmericanOsteopathicCollegeofDermatologyrecommends68to75degreesF.•4Long,steamyshowersmaysoundlikeagreatideawhenit’scold,butveryhotwatercandryouttheskin.A5-to10-minutewarmshowerislesslikelytoworsendryskinthanahotone.Youshouldalsoavoidusingexcessivelyhotwatertowashyourhands.Dryskinfromexposuretohotwaterorcoolwinteraircancauseaneczema(湿疹).5Ifyoustillexperiencedryness,discomfort,andrednessaftertryingthesehealthyskintips,expertssuggestusinganover-the-counterIpercenthydrocortisonecreamortalkingwithyourdoctor.A.Firstly,applyhandcreamaftereachwashing.B.It’squiteunusualtofindyourskinredanddryinwinter.C.Oneoptionistoturnitonovernightwhileyou’resleeping.D.Lowerwatertemperaturesforshoweringandhand-washing.E.Buthighcentralheatcanmaketheairinyourhouseevendrier.F.Coolerwaterseemstobeaseffectiveandismorefriendlytotheskin.G.Eventhethingsthatmakewinterwonderful,suchassittingbyaroaringfire,candryyourskin.Passage8(2024·河北沧州·一模)Eventhemostpositivepeoplehavenegativethoughts.It’spartofbeinghuman.Butwhennegativethoughtsbecomethenorm,itisn’thealthy.Fortunately,therearestepsyoucantaketochangeyournegativethoughtsintorealisticthinking—seeingyourself,yourrelationshipsandworldeventsastheyreallyare.Monitoryourself-talk.Weallhaveanongoingdialoguerunninginourhead,whichaffectshowweviewourlife.1So,topromoterealisticthinking,firstyouneedtofindoutandlistentothatinnervoice.Beingawareofthoseinnercommentsstartstohelpyoutakecontrolofthem.2Noteverynegativethoughtis“bad”.Forexample,“IfeelstressedandupsetaboutmyjobbecausetherearesomanynewthingsIamlearning,butovertimeI’lllearnandit’llgeteasier.”hasanegativeaspect,butitpromotesapositiveaction.Therefore,it’simportanttomakethedistinctionbetweenhelpfulthoughtsandnegativeones.Challengeyourunhelpfulthoughts.3Continuingwiththeworkexample,doyoureallyhateyourjoborareyoujustanxiousaboutthenewprojectthatyou’vebeenassigned?4Nowthatyou’reclearwhichthoughtisnothelpful,youcanreplaceitwithonethatis.Usingtheexamplefromabove,amorepositivethoughtmightbe,“OnceIgetstartedonthenewprojectI’msureI’lldofine.It’sjusttheanticipationthatIdon’tlike.”Repeat.Realisticthinkingdoesn’tcomeeasy,especiallywhenyouarealsoworkingonmanaginganxiety,depression,andotherproblems.5A.Identifythoughtsthataren’thelpful.B.Plantpositivethoughtsinyourmind.C.Analysewhatself-talkisthemostbeneficial.D.Butbecauseit’sconstantlyrunning,weoftenforgetit’sthere.E.Thesethoughtscanconsumeyourenergyorcausephysicalproblems.F.Tobemorerealistic,youneedtoquestionwhetheryourthoughtsarefactual.G.Youneedtocontinuallyreturntoitevenwhenitfeelsnaturaltobecomenegative.Passage9(2024·江苏连云港·二模)DiscoveringYourTrueSelfIsVitaltoHappiness!Haveyoufoundfocusingonyourselfisatthebottomoftheto-dolist,becauseyoufeeleveryoneelseinyourlifecomesfirst?1Nowisexactlytheperfecttimetogettoknowyourselfinordertounderstandyourself.Thisisn’tjustaboutidentifyingyourfavoriteoutfit,haircutorflavoroficecream.2It’sanopportunityforpersonalgrowththatcanhelpyoumakebetterchoicesforyourwellbeingandlifelonghappiness.Therearemanytoolstohelpyoudevelopadeepersenseofyourself,includingjournalingandotherformsofcreativeexpression.Youcanuseaguidedjournaltoexploreyourthoughtsandfeelingsorjustfreewritewhatevercomestomind.It’suptoyouwhatyouwanttodo.3.4Takenoteofhowyourespondtopeople,whatmakesyouhappy,andwhatmakesyouunhappy.Thiscanhelpyouidentifypatternsthatareholdingyouback,suchasfeelinginsecureorbeingeasilyangered.Onceyou’veidentifiedthesepatterns,youcanworktochangethem.Anoftenoverlookedyetveryimportantfactorinself-discoveryishavinghealthyboundariesinyourpersonallife.5Clearlycommunicatingyourboundariesisalsoawaytoshowothersthatyouareincontrolofyourownbehaviorandcanexpectthesamefromthem.Thisisasignofmaturityandrespect,twocharacteristicsthatarekeytohavinghealthyrelationships.A.It’sonethingtoknowyourpersonalitytype.B.It’sagreatwaytoshowthatyoucareaboutothers.C.Takingtimeforourselveshasbeenlookeddownupon.D.Anotherwayistoobserveyourbehaviorindifferentsituations.E.Itallowsyoutofocusontheneedsofyourselfwithoutignoringothers.F.Buttrynottogetcaughtupinthecriticismorjudgmentofyourwriting.G.It’saboutunderstandingyourinnerworldandhowyoufitintotheouterworld.Passage10(2024·江苏南通·模拟预测)Psychologistsoffertheirbesttipsforworkingormakingprogressasplanned,expected,ordesired.Hereistheirguidetomakingandkeepingyourplans.Don’tassumethatyourplanhastobeambitious.“What’smuchmoreimportantthansettingagrandgoal,likerunningamarathon,istosetanimmediateplanthatyoucanstartrightaway,”saysCharlesDuhigg,theauthorofThePowerofHabit.“1Butmanypeoplefailtorealizethis.”Whetheryouaremakinganewhabitfromscratchorchanginganoldhabit,decideonthecueandthereward.“Thecuecouldbeatime,aplace,orafeeling,whiletherewardmustbeinstantaneous(即时的),”explainsWendyWood,anexpertfromtheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.2Theprizeneedstobeimmediate,somethingthatmakesthebehaviorfun.Makeiteasy.Arecentstudyshowedthatpeoplewhotravelled8kmtothegymwentonceamonth,butpeoplewhotravelled6kmwentfiveormoretimesamonth.That2kmmakesthedifferencebetweenhavingagoodexercisehabitandnot.3Thus,you’remorelikelytoachievemore.Belesscriticalofyourself.Accordingtoanexpert,thebiggestbarriertonewhabitsisself-criticism.4Researchshowsthatyoushouldbekindorsupportivetoyourself.5GretchenRubin,theauthorofBetterThanBefore,saysitiscrucialtoavoidlisteningtotheexcusesthatmakeyourhabitsfalter(动摇),forexample,“Ican’tgoonaruntomorrowbecauseIhavetodoanotherthing.”Recognizingtheminadvancecanmakethemlesspowerful.That’sthethingaboutexcuseswhenyourealizeyou’redoingit,you’remuchmorelikelytoresist.A.Spotyourexcuses.B.Peoplewhodothistendtoberewarded.C.Trytoremovethebarriersasbestasyoucan.D.Don’tbuyanewpairofshoesattheendoftheweek.E.Itisrelatedwithlessmotivationandworseself-control.F.Thatishowyourhabitualmindworksandithastobeeasy.G.StartwithbabystepslikerunninghalfamileeveryMondaymorning02人与自然--环境保护Passage1(2024·江苏宿迁·一模)Onceuponatime,sewingandmendingclotheswascommon.1Whyhavepeoplestoppedmendingtheirclothing?Schoolsstoppedofferinghomeeconomicsclasses,technologyboomedandfastfashionbecameincreasinglypopular.Allofasudden,it’smoreinconvenienttofixsomethingthanitistobuysomethingnew.2Inthepastfewyears,itseemsthere’sbeengrowinginterestinslowfashion—notonlysaving,butalsosewingandmending.Ononeofthemostpleasantcornersoftheinternet,you’llfindlotsofvideosshowcasingeverythingfromvisiblemendingtobeginnersewingjourneys.Whyshouldyoulearntomend?3Asanyecoexpertwilltellyou,thebestthingyoucandoisbuylesstobeginwith.Thatmeansshoppingforqualityitemsthatwillstandthetestoftime,butalsolearningafewkeyskillssoyoucanrepairthoseitemsasneededratherthansentencingthemtolifeinanalready-overflowinglandfill.It’salsohelpfultocustomize(改制)secondhanditemswhichmightnotbeexactlytherightsizeoralittleoutofdate.4Beyondthefunctionalbenefits,mendingisaboutusingwhatyouhave,embracingimperfections,fixingwhat’sbroken,andrejectingtheideathatnewerisbetter.Theotheraspectofmendingismindfulness.5It’smeditative(冥想的),slowwork.It’sproductive,anddeeplysatisfying.Andanaddedbonus:It’ssustainable.Ifyouareinterestedinsewingandmending,itistheperfecttimetolearnthenewskill.whichcanespeciallyhaveapositiveimpactontheworld.A.Butallhopeisnotlost.B.Becauseitisameansofmakingaliving.C.Mendingisagreatwaytorejectconsumerism.D.Buyingsecondhandgoodsmakesitpossibletobesustainable.E.Thisway,youmayfindyourselfupcyclingpiecesintoonesthatsuityou.F.Atsomepointinthelastfewdecades,though,itbecamesomethingofalostart.G.Youfocusonthetaskathandanduseyourcreativitytomakeyourclothesunique.Passage2(2024江苏扬州高三上·期末)IntheforestofNewMexico,scientistsarecarryingtwoten-day-oldMexicanwolfpups(幼崽)ridinginabackpack,searchingforaMexicanwolfpairthathasjustgivenbirthtosixpups.1MexicanwolveswereextinctintheUSAbythe1970s,buttherewasaplantobringthemback.ThefirststepwastotrapfivewildMexicanwolvesandbreedthemwithtwocagedones.In1998,thefirstcaged-bornadultMexicanwolveswerereleasedintoforests.2Ifanimalshavetopairupwithfamilymembers,thentheirpupswillhaveunhealthygenes,makingthemsick.3Letwildwolvesadoptcaged-bornpups-that’showthesetwopupsendupinbackpacks.Whiletheadultwolvesareouthunting,thescientistsgentlyplacethepupswiththeirnewbrothersandsisters.Theyrubthecaged-bornandwildpupstogether,everlettingthempee(小便)oneachothertomixtheirsmells!4Thisresultmakesthescientistsoptimisticabouttheplan.Theideaisthatthecagedpupswillgrowupandbreedwithwildwolves.5Thankstothisongoingwork,250wildMexicanwolveswanderArizonaandNewMexicotoday.A.Thescientistswerecontentwithit.B.Sotheexpertscameupwithanewplan.C.Thewolfparentsonlycarefortheirownpups.D.Inthiswaytheirhealthygeneswillbepasseddown.E.Thepopulationslowlygrew,butscientistswerestillworried.F.Afterthat,thewolfparentswon’tmindtakingcareofthenewpups.G.Thewolfmumanddaddon’tknowit,butthey’reabouttoadopttwomore!Passage3(2024山东济宁高三上·期末)Leave-No-TraceCampingForthoseofuswholovespendingtimeinthegreatoutdoors,wildspacesareveryspecial.Theseareplaceswevisittorecharge,ortofillourheartswithnaturalbeauty.1Ifyoufeelthisway,thenyou’retheperfectpersontopromoteandpracticeLeave-No-Tracecamping.Itsprinciplesaretotreatthewildernessthewayadecentvisitorwouldandleaveeverythingjustasyoufoundit,withnoevidencethatyoupassedthrough.2That’sbecauseyourvisitmakesaminimalimpactontheenvironment.Youcancarryouttheseidealsinanumberofways.Beginbypackingoutallyourlitter.Wheneveryougocamping,takeanemptytrashbagwithyouandputallgarbageintothebag.Inaddition,trynottodamagevegetation.3Whereveryougo,thinkaboutwhatyourheavyshoesorbootsaredoingtotheplantsunderneathandtrytokeepdamagetoaminimum.It’salsoimportantthatyoushouldnottakethingsawayfromthewilderness.Rocks,plants,flowersandseashellsareallpartofthenaturallandscape.4Plus,manyanimalsfindhomesandfoodinabandonedshellsandflower-heads,andthesearethingstheywouldmissifyoucollectedthem.Leave-No-Tracecampingisaboutbeingrespectfulandthoughtful.It’sabouthonoringthenaturalworldandthecreaturesthatliveinit.Ifyouloveseeinganuntouchedmountainstreamoralovelyfieldofwildflowers,thenyou’vealreadytakenthefirststep.5A.Thismeansnotsteppingintoawildanimal’sspace.B.Thisisalsocalled“lowimpact”or“noimpact”camping.C.Oncetakenaway,theywon’tbethereforotherstoenjoy.D.Anincreasingnumberofpeopletakeupcampinginthewilderness.E.Whenyouputupyourtent,trytofindaplacethat’salreadybareofplants.F.Wehatetoseethemlitteredwithrubbishoranyremindersofpreviousvisitors.G.FollowthesebasicpracticesandyoucanbemodelsoftheLeave-No-Tracephilosophy.Passage4(2024·江苏扬州高三上阶段练习)Thecurrentpopulationofoysters(牡蛎)isonlyasmallpartoftheirhistoriclevels.1.Tohelpmaintainexistinghabitats,thestaterequireslicensesfortheharvestingofshellfishandcontrolswhereandwhentheharvestingactivitycantakeplace.SouthCarolina’sDepartmentofNaturalResourceshasalsoplannedtorecycleandreplantoystershells.2.Theyserveasanchorstowhichbabiescanattachthemselves.Returningshellstothestate’sriversensuresthatanylarvae(幼虫)lookingforahomecanfindsomethingtowhichtheycanbeattached.Thecriticalnatureofoystersintheecosystemisdifficulttooverstate.AlongtheAtlanticshorelineoftheUnitedStates,theEasternOysterisconsideredafoundationspecies.Oystersgathertogetheras