2024年北京市昌平区中考英语二模试卷

2024年昌平区初中学业水平考试第二次模拟练习英语试卷笔试部分2024.5本试卷共8页，五道大题，38个小题，满分60分。考试时间90分钟。考生务必将答案填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请交回答题卡。第一部分本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Myfatherlikesplayingsports.favoritesportisswimming.A.MyB.HisC.HerD.Your2.Someanimalslikestoringfoodortravelingtowarmerplacesautumn.A.inB.atC.onD.for3.—sleepdoteenagersneedeverynight?—About8-12hours.A.WhatB.WhenC.HowoftenD.Howmuch4.Themusicclubisoneofclubsinourschool.A.popularB.morepopularC.mostpopularD.themostpopular5.Sallyiswarm-heartedsheoftenhelpsherclassmateswithmanythings.A.andB.thoughC.butD.or6Yourunonthebusyroad.It'sdangerous!A.needn'tB.shouldn'tC.won'tD.wouldn't7.DaVincıdrewpicturesandabouthiscreativeideasinhisdiaries.A.writesB.iswritingC.wroteD.haswritten8.JohnmetanoldfriendwhenhedinnerattheYoungRestaurantlastFriday.A.hasB.hadC.ishavingD.washaving9.Ifwelitteringabout,theenvironmentwillbebetterandbetter.A.stopB.willstopC.stoppedD.havestopped10.Sofar,Chinaalotofplanessuccessfully.We'rereallyproud.A.developsB.developedC.hasdevelopedD.isdeveloping11.LotsoflanternsonbothsidesofthestreetduringtheSpringFestivaleveryyear.A.showB.areshownC.wereshownD.showed12.—Wow!You'vegotthebookWonder.Couldyoupleasetellme?—Inthebookshopnearourschool.AwhenyouboughtitBwhendidyoubuyitC.whereyouboughtitD.wheredidyoubuyit英语试卷第1页(共8页)二、完形填空(每题1分，共8分)阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。OnehotAugustafternoonin1990,DeenaHoaglandandher5-year-oldsonJoewenttoaplaceinKeyLargocalledDolphinPlus,wherepeopleswamwithdolphins.Andsomething13happenedthere.Joehadaproblemwithhisheartanddoctorshadtooperateonhimwhenhewasthree.Butthisoperationdidn'tgowell.“Hecouldn'tmovetheleftsideofhisbodyanymore,”saidthedoctor.Deenatookhimtodifferentplacesfortreatment,butitdidn't14.Deenawasveryworriedaboutthat.However,sheheardanewwaythatmighthelpJoebychance,sotheymovedtoFlorida.JoelikedbeinginthewaterandDeenathought15couldhelphim.First,theywenttoswimmingpoolsinhotels,butsomehotelguestsdidn'tlikethembeingthere.ThenonedayshewentwithJoetoDolphinPlus.Joewassurprisedand16whenhefirstmetFonzie,a3-metre-long,275kilogramslovelydolphin.Thenheplayedwithithappily.Soon,JoewantedtoseeFonzie17everydaybecausehelovedplayingwithitandfeedingit.Joe'smothertoldhimtoalwaystrywithhislefthand,soJoeusedhisleftsidemoreandmore.Surprisingly,Joecouldmovehisleftsideofthebodyfreelyafter10monthsofefforts.Sadly,FonziediedwhenJoewas17.Joewrote:“Fonziewasagreatfriendtome;heandI18alotofgoodtimes.Healwaysputasmileonmyface.”DeenawasthankfulthatJoe'sfriendshipwithFonziehelpedhimalotandbroughtanamazing19.Sheknewitwasagoodideaforotherpeople,too.In1997,DeenastartedIslandDolphinCaretoworkwithDolphinPlustosharethe20ofdolphintherapy(治疗法)withotherchildrenandtheirparentswhohavespecialneeds.13.A.worryingB.amazingC.confusingD.challenging14.A.matterB.workC.fitD.happen15.A.swimmingB.divingC.surfingD.boating16.A.arguedB.judgedC.smiledD.checked17.A.nervouslyB.secretlyC.angrilyD.willingly18.A.choseB.offeredC.sharedD.saved19.A.changeB.styleC.showD.request20.A.decisionB.memoriesC.hopeD.benefits英语试卷第2页(共8页)三、阅读理解(每题2分，共26分)(一)阅读下列环保宣传材料，请根据同学们的环保行动匹配对应的宣传内容，并将宣传内容所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。A[A]Waterwaslecanbeseeneverywhereindailylife,suchasleavingthetaprunningwhenbrushingourteeth.Ithasbadeffectsontheenvironment.Wecanreusethewaterandtakeshortershowerstosavewater.[B]Single-useplasticitemstakeupmorethan40%ofplasticwaste,whichisharmfultotheenvironment.Reducingthesingle-useplasticthingsindailylifecanhelptosolvetheproblem.[C]Desertscovermorethanone-fifthofEarth'slandarea,andimproperhumanactivitiesmayleadtotheincreaseofit.ManycountriesjointheactivityoftheGreatGreenWalltostopthedesertfromgrowing.[D]Eachpersonproducesnearlyatonofwasteperyear.Chinaismakingeffortstoreducetheeffectsofrubbishpollution.Wastesortingisnecessaryforpeopletohaveahealthylife.21.____🐀WenXinIuseapapertubetodrinkjuiceandusefewerplasticitems.22.ZhuHuaIintroducewastesortingtomyneighborsandhelpthemdoitbetter.23.SuMingIdon'tkeepthetaprunningwhenIbrushmyteethsoastosavewater.(二)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。BWhen7-year-oldEllawasinhospitallastyear,sheturnedtooneofherfavoriteactivitiesfɑːcomʃort:coloring.Nowshe'scollectingcrayonstomakesureyoungpatientsacrossthecountrycansharethejoy.Ella-says,“Ilikethateveryonecancomeupwithsomethingin英语试卷第3页(共8页)imaginationanddrawitonapieceofpaper.”WhenshewasinRainbowBabiesandChildren'sHospital,sheaskedhermothertogotothehospitalplayroominsearchofcrayons.Shewastoldthatthehospitalcouldnotprovidethecrayonsbecauseofcrosscontamination(交叉污染).KnowingthatEllahadthedreamofsharingthejoyofcoloringwithotheryoungpatients,Ella'smothergol·anewidea.Shestartedsolieitingdonations(募捐)throughwordofmouthandsocialmedia.Withthehelpofhermom,EllabeganherprojectColorMeARainbow.Inayear,shecollected13,132boxesofcrayonsand254coloringbooksdonatedfromacrossthecountry.Ellahasbecomeknownas“TheCrayonKid”.“Neighborsandfriendsdroveahalf-hourtobring10boxesofcrayonsbecausetheyjustwantedtobeapartofit,”saysElla'smom,whosestorehouse(仓库)isfilledwithcrayonsandbooks.Ellawritesapersonalnotetoeachrecipient(接受的)hospitalaswellastodonators.AndnowhospitalizedkidswhoreceivedcrayonsandtheirparentsarepayingitforwardbydonatingnewboxesofcrayonsbacktoElla'sproject.Thelittlegirlhasbigdreams.Shewantstodonate1,000crayonboxestoeverychildren'shospitalintheUSAandplanstosend5,000boxestoSt.JudeChildren'sResearchHospitalinMemphis,Tennessee.Andaftershehasreachedeverychildren'shospitalinthecountry,Ellasays,“IwanttohelpasmanypeopleasIcan.”24.WhichoneisElla'sfavoriteactivity?A.Reading.B.Driving.C.Coloring.D.Writing.25.HowdidEllastartherproject?A.Otherkidssenttheirusedcrayonsforfreetohermom.B.Herfriendsaskedhertobuycrayonsoutsidethehospital.C.Thehospitalguidedhertocollecttheinformationonline.D.Hermomhelpedherbyorganizingdonationsofcrayons.26.WhatcanyoulearnfromElla'sstory?₭.Donationsthroughsocialmediaisamust.B.Thegrowthofimaginationstartsinteenyears.C.Therearenoagelimitationsinmakingadifference.D.Therearemanycreativewaystomaketeenagerslearn.CFeeldown?Hugatree!Recently,manyChineseyoungpeoplehaveturnedtotreestohelpwiththeirstress.Huggingatreemaybeeasierforsomepeoplewhodonotenjoytheexperienceofhuggingotherpeople,orbeinghuggedbythem.Althoughitsoundsstrange,there'sasciencebehindtheactoftree-hugging.Treeshelpusfeelgoodbecausetheyremindusofourplaceinnature.Itcanbeexplainedbythe“BiophiliaHypothesis”.Justbeingoutsideinnaturehasbeenshowntobegoodforyourmentalhealth.ItwaspointedoutbyUSscientistEdwardWilsonin1984.Hesaidthathumansareborntolovebeingaroundotherlivingthings.Humans'lovefor英语试卷第4页(共8页)natureis“inourDNA”.Thisideahelpstoexplainwhypeopleprefernatural,greenviewstocityviews.It'salsooneofthereasonswhypeoplelovecutepets.Somestudieshavelookedintowhytree-huggingcanhelpwithourhealth.Afterpeoplehugtrees,theyreportfeelingcalmerandmorerelaxedthanthosewhodonot.Astudyin2021reportedthatactivitycanincreasehormoneoxytocin(催产激素).It'sresponsibleforfeelings.Thehighertheoxytocinis,thecalmerandhappieryoumaybe.Huggingtreesforonly21secondscanleadtoanincreaseinoxytocin.Anotherfactorcalledcortisol(皮质醇)isasignofstress.Thebrainproducesmorecortisolwhenthepersonisworried,angry,orverysad.Researchshowsthathuggingtreeshelpscutcortisalproduction,reduesesbloodpressureandlowersthechancesofhavingheartattack,whichmakesusfeelbetter.Althoughhuggingtreesishelpfultous,it'simportanttokeepinmindthatweshouldn'thurtnaturewhiledoingit.Manysmallcreaturesliveonthetree—andtheyaretoosmalltobeseen.You'dbetterbegentlewhenhuggingtrees—justlikehowyouhugafriend.Oryoucanchooseanotherwaytoreduceyourstress,suchasexercise,deepbreathing,andtalkingtoothers.27.Whichcanbeexplainedbythe“BiophiliaHypothesis”?A.Peoplepreferlivinginthecity.B.Peoplefeelrelaxedinthepark.C.Peoplelovevisitinghistoricalsites.D.Peopleliketodoexercisesathome.·28.Thewriterwouldsuggestthathuggingtrees.A.makespeoplepreternaturalviewsB.increasesourconnectionwiththenatureC.reducesmorestressthanhuggingafriendD.helpsproducemorecortisoltoreduceourstress29.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Tree-hugging:UsefulorUseless?B.Tree-hugging:StrangeorCommon?C.Tree-hugging:LoveforNatureD.Tree-hugging:TreatmentofStressDWillpowerhelpsustokeepstudyingandworkinghard.Itallowsustosaynototheextrasweetafterameal.Wemaynotachieveourgoalsifwefailtocontrolourselves,soscientistshavebeenstudyingwillpowerformanyyears.Oneofthemaintheories(理论)ofwillpoweristheenergymodelofself-control.Accordingtoit,thebraincanprovidelimitedpower,whichcanbeusedup.Nobodyisdisciplinedallthetime.Whenanactofself-controlweakensourwill,we'llfeeltiredbecauseofthedecreaseofbloodsugaraswefaceanotherchallenge.Thismodelhasgreatinfluence,butNorthwesternUniversity'sDanielMoldendoesn'tagreewithit.Histeamhasbeenusinganewexperimenttotesttheroleofcarbohydratemetabolism(碳水化合物代谢)inself-control.Danie)'steamquestionedthefindingthatself-controllowersbloodsugarlevels.Volunteersatenothingandhadtheirbaselinebloodsugarleveltested.Somecompletedhighself-controltasks,whileothersdidlowdisciplinedtasks.Later,allvolunteershadbloodsugartestsanddidanotherself-controlchallenge.Theresultswereinteresting.Volunteerswhocompletedthechallengingtaskshowedlesswillpowerinthefollowingtask.Thisagreeswiththeenergymodel.However,theirbloodsugardidnotfall.Itshowedthatwillpowerdidn'tincreasecarbohydratemetabolism.Theenergymodelsuggeststhatusingupsugarcanbringbackself-control.Daniel'steamtestedthisideabyhavingvolunteersrinse(清洗)theirmouthswithwatermixedwithsugar,spitting(吐出)itoutlikemouthwash.Othersrinsedwiththeartificialsweetenedwaterthatwassimilartoasugarydrinkbutprovidednoenergy.Later,allvolunteersparticipatedinasecondtaskrequiringself-control.Theresultsdisagreedwiththeenergymodelonceagain.Thosewhorinsedwiththeartificialsweetenedwatershowedlowerwillpower.However,rinsingwiththesugarywaterseemedtobringbackvolunteers'lostwillpower,morethantheartificiallysweetenedwater.Thisstudyshowedthatonlythesugaryrinsecouldbringbackself-control.Scientistsbelievethatinspirationisthereasonwhyself-controlisback.Theybelievethemouth“senses”thecarbohydratesinthemouthwash,whichmaytellthatareward(奖励)iseoming.Sensingthatanenergyincreaseiscoming,thebrainisactivetoputinextraeffort.Inshort,thesugarinspires—ratherthanoffersenergyfor—willpower.[finspirationcanberefilledwithsomethingassimpleasamouthwash,thisopensdifferentpossibilitiesfornewresearchesinthefuture.30.Whatdoestheword“disciplined”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Relaxed.B.Surprised.C.Self-controlled.D.Self-satisfied.31.Uaniel'steam'sexperimentsshowthat.A.carbohydratesinspirewillpowerB.challengingtasksincreasewillpowerC.mouthwashgivesinspirationtobrainD.self-controllowersbloodsugarlevels32.WhatisParagraph6mainlyabout?A.Thewaystotesttheroleofsugar.B.Theinfluencesofthesugarydrink.C.Theintroductionoftheenergymodel.D.Theroleofcarbohydratemetabolism.33.Youwillmostprobablyshowmorewillpowerwhenyou.A.completechallengingtasksB.havesomesweetenedfoodC.rewardotherswithgiftsD.keepbalancedbloodsugarlevel英语试卷第6页(共8页)第二部分本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。四、阅读表达(34-36题,每题2分,37题4分,共10分)阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。IftraditionalChineseculturewereagoldmine(金矿),thenZhongYetangwouldbetheminer.Zhongisnowafull-timevloggerwithalmost200,000followersonasocialplatform.Zhonghasaspecialstyleasshetriestobringancienthistorybacktolifeinacreativeway.Sheisfindingarelationshipbetweentraditionalcultureandmoderndesign.“Idon'twantpeopletoseesomeChineseancientcultureasboringandfar-off,”shesaid,“wehavedutytomakethepastservethepresentanditcanbecoolandfashionableandsomethingwecanplaywith.”Sherecreatesdishesfromancientbooks,makesshortplaysthattellancientpeople'slifestoriesandcomparesChinesecustomswithsimilarWesternones.Forexample,sheplayedtworolesastheancientbeautiesXishiandYangYuhuan,makingthemcompeteinarapbattlewitheachother.Inanothervideo,Zhongwearscostumes(服装)fromthe56ethnic(民族的)groupsofChina.Halfofthemwerebought,andtheotherhalfwereself-designed.Ittookheralmosttwqyearstoprepareforit.“Ididn'texpectthatitwouldtakesolongandthatI'dfacesomanychallenges,”shesaid.Tomaketheclothingtruetotheethnicgroups,Zhongstudiedalotofreadingmaterialandgotinformationfromlocalpeople.Butshefoundthatsomeculturehadbeenlost.“I'mimpressedmostbytheHezheethnicgroup.Theirclothesweremadefromfishskin,”Zhongsaid.“Butduetoitslackofpracticalvalue,fishskinwasgraduallyreplacedbysilkandcloth.Asaresult,fewerpeoplenow