2022版高考英语一轮复习课时提升作业选修8Unit23Conflict作业课件

二十三选修8

Unit23

Conflict【巩固题组】（限时35分钟）Ⅰ阅读理解A

ARussianspacecrafttravelingtotheInternationalSpaceStationonThursdayhadtomakeanemergencylandingwhenarocketenginefailedtofire.ItwasthelatestinarecentseriesoffailuresfortheRussianspaceprogram,whichisalsousedbytheU.S.tocarryitsastronautstothestation.

UnitedStatesastronautNickHagueandRussianastronautAlexeiOvchininlandedsafelyabout20kilometersfromDzhezkazganinKazakhstan.Thecityisabout450kilometersfromtheRussia’sBaikonurspacecenter,whichRussiaoperatesthroughanagreementwiththeRepublicofKazakhstan.

BoththeU.S.spaceagencyNASAandRussia’sRoscosmosreportedthatthetwowerequicklyrecoveredfromthelandingareabyrescuecrews.AspokesmanforRussianPresidentVladimirPutinsaid,“Thankgoodnessthecrewisalive”aftertheyhadlandedsafely.

Abouttwominutesafterlaunching,thethree-stageSoyuzboosterrocketsufferedanunspecifiedfailureofitssecondstage.Russia’sTASSnewsagencysaidthecapsulecarryingthetwomenseparatedfromthetroubledrocketsafely.ThiscausedthecapsuletodropverysharplyintotheEarth’satmosphere.Parachutes(降落伞)helpedslowthereturningcapsule.Searchandrescueteamsweresenttorecoverthecrew.

Russia’sRIAnewsagencyreportedthatRussiahasimmediatelyputoffallmannedspacelaunchesafterthefailure.RoscosmosheadDmitryRogozinsaidhehadorderedastatecommissiontocarryoutaninvestigationintowhatwentwrong.HesaidRussiawillshareallrelevantinformationwiththeU.S.

TheTASSnewsagencysaidthattheISScrewhasenoughsuppliesandthatthefailedlaunchwillnotaffectoperations.

TheU.S.andothernationshavedependedonRussiatocarryastronautstotheISSsincetheretirementoftheSpaceShuttleprogramin2011.Incomingyears,AmericanaerospacecompaniesSpaceX,withitsDragon2,andBoeing,withitsStarliner,areexpectedtoreturntospace.【文章大意】本文属于新闻,讲述运送宇航员到国际空间站的一枚俄罗斯火箭由于发动机故障紧急降落,所幸无人死亡。1.Whatcausedthefailureofthelaunch?A.Theproblemoftheengine.B.Theterribleweather.C.Thedropofthecapsule.D.Thewrongoperation.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段中的Abouttwominutesafterlaunching,thethree-stageSoyuzboosterrocketsufferedanunspecifiedfailureofitssecondstage.可知,发射两分钟之后,三级火箭发动机遇到不明故障,导致发射失败,故选A。2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthelaunch?A.ThecapsulelandedsafelyinDzhezkazgan,Russia.B.Russiahadneverfailedinthespacelaunchbeforethisfailure.C.Thefailedlaunchwillhaveaseriouseffectontheoperations.D.AtfirstthecapsuledroppedveryrapidlyintotheEarth’satmosphere.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段中的ThiscausedthecapsuletodropverysharplyintotheEarth’satmosphere.Parachuteshelpedslowthereturningcapsule.可知,太空舱迅速掉入地球大气层,降落伞减缓了太空舱的降落速度,故选D。3.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.SpaceXissuretogobacktospacesoon.B.AmericacarriedastronautstotheISSbyitselfbefore2011.C.NowonlyRussiacancarryastronautstospace.D.TheISScrewlivesaverygoodlifeinthespacestation.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的TheU.S.andothernationshavedependedonRussiatocarryastronautstotheISSsincetheretirementoftheSpaceShuttleprogramin2011.可知,自从2011年美国航天飞机退役,美国以及其他国家必须依靠俄罗斯火箭运送宇航员到国际空间站,故可以得知,2011年以前,美国利用自己的航天飞机运送宇航员,故选B。4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheRescueofTwoAstronautsB.TheLaunchofRussianSpacecraftC.CooperationbetweenRussiaandAmericaD.EmergencyLandinginFailedSpaceLaunch【解析】选D。主旨大意题。本文属于新闻,根据新闻特点,第一段第一句ARussianspacecrafttravelingtotheInternationalSpaceStationonThursdayhadtomakeanemergencylandingwhenarocketenginefailedtofire.为本文的主旨句,讲述运送宇航员到国际空间站的一枚俄罗斯火箭由于发动机故障紧急降落,故选D。B(2021·开封模拟)

TheLittleBabyFaceFoundation(LBFF)isaNYC-basednonprofitorganizationwithagreatdealofcontroversy.Foundedin2002,itprovidesfreeplasticsurgeryforchildrenbornwithfacialdeformities(畸形).Manyteenagerswhohavebeenteasedfortheirlooksarenowapplyingtohavetheirproblemareas“fixed”byLBFF.

Nadia,one14-year-oldteenager,hadherfacegreatlychangedinJunewhenshewentundertheknife.Herclassmateshadbeenconstantlymakingfunofherappearance.“TheysaidIhavethebiggestearsthatthey’veeverseen.Theycalledmeelephantears,”Nadiasaid.Thosecommentshurtheralot.Sheevenconsideredhowtoendherownlife.

ButNadiatriedtokeepthebullyingasecretfromhermother,Lynda.Hermotherwasalreadydealingwithmountingmedicalbillsforher9-year-oldson,Josh,whohadaseriousbraindisease.Whenhermotherdidfinallyfindoutaboutthebullying,shewasheartbroken.

Nadiadecidedtoendherbullyingproblemswithplasticsurgery.ThenhermotherturnedtotheLBFF,whichacceptedNadia’sapplication.Thesurgerieswereverypainfulandittookmonthsforherfacetoheal,butshedidmanagetoreturntoschoolwithanewface,afaceshewasfinallyproudof.

Nadia’ssurgerymayhavehelpedherovercomeheremotionalpain,butshouldteenagersgotothoseextremesjustbecausetheyarebeingbullied?

Expertswarnifthedeformitiesarenotreallyaproblemtothechild,plasticsurgeryisnottheanswer!Infact,whenateendecidestogetplasticsurgerybecauseheorsheisbeingbullied,itcansendthewrongmessage.Bysurgicallychangingthevictimofabully,itisasifyousupportthebullyingandagreethevictimisinfactworthyofallthosenamesheorshehasbeencalled.Itislikesayingtoteenagers:“Yes,thereissomethingwrongwithyou,andyoushouldgetitfixed!”【文章大意】文章围绕女生Nadia的故事讨论了一个有争议的问题:整形手术是否是解决校园欺凌问题的办法呢?5.WhatdidNadiathinkofherschoollifeinthepast?A.Busy.

B.Exciting.C.Miserable. D.Ordinary.【解析】选C。推理判断题。由第二段中的Herclassmateshadbeenconstantlymakingfunofherappearance及Thosecommentshurtheralot.Sheevenconsideredhowtoendherownlife可知,过去的校园生活对Nadia来说非常痛苦。6.WhydidNadiakeepthesecretfromhermother?A.Hermotherhadheartdisease.B.Shedidn’twanttoburdenher.C.Hermotherwasafraidofbeingbullied.D.Shedidn’tknowhowtoshareitwithher.【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第三段中的Hermotherwasalreadydealingwithmountingmedicalbillsforher9-year-oldson,Josh,whohadaseriousbraindisease可知,Nadia没把受欺凌的事告诉妈妈是因为怕给妈妈增加负担。7.Whydoestheauthorsayplasticsurgerycansendthewrongmessage?A.Itmayletbulliesfeeltheyareright.B.Itmaybecomepopularamongteens.C.ItmaydamagethenameoftheLBFF.D.Itmaychangevictimsintobullies.【解析】选A。细节理解题。由最后一段中的Bysurgicallychangingthevictimofabully,itisasifyousupportthebullyingandagreethevictimisinfactworthyofallthosenamesheorshehasbeencalled可知,作者认为整形手术可能会让欺凌者认为他们是对的。8.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Whymanyteenagersarebeingteased?B.Isplasticsurgerytheanswertobullying?C.Whysurgeryhelpsovercomeemotionalpain?D.Shouldwepaymoreattentiontoappearance?【解析】选B。标题归纳题。本文围绕面部畸形的女生Nadia做整形手术的故事,讨论了一个有争议的问题:整形手术是否是解决校园欺凌问题的办法,故B项作标题能更好地概括全文主旨。Ⅱ.阅读填句根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Fourwaystobeagreatroommate

Havingaroommatecanbeoneofthebestexperiencesinaboardingschoolor,easily,oneoftheworst.

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Followthesetipstoavoidthecommonmistakesthatturngoodroommaterelationshipssour.

Talkthingsout.

Communicationiskey.Ifsomethinghappens,sitdownwithyourroommateandhaveaface-to-faceconversation.I’veseenroommaterelationshipsfallapartbecausesomethinghappensand,insteadoftalkingtoeachother,thetwostartcomplainingabouttheirroommatesbehindtheirbacks.

2

Don’texpecttobebestfriends.

Someroommatesbecomethebestoffriends,andsomedon’t.Don’tputpressureonyourselforyourroommate,especiallywhenyoufirstmeet.

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Andifyourroommatedoesn’tendupbeingyourbestfriend,don’tworry.

Askbeforeyoutake.

Thisappliestofood,clothesandanythingelse.Ifyouwanttokeeparelationshipgoing,showyourroommatethatyouhaverespectforwhatishisorhersbyaskingfirst.

4

Cleanupafteryourself.

Thisshouldgowithoutsaying.Don’tbelazy.Or,atleast,don’tburyyourroommateinyourclothesandgarbage.MostpeopleI’vecomeacrossinaboardingschoolaremessy.

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Butbeingconsideratewithwhereyouputyourstuffwillhelpyouavoidconflict.

A.Soyouneedtothinktwicebeforeyouhelpyourroommateout.B.Thiscreatesnothingbutawkwardsituationsandunhappiness.C.Evenifyoubothagreetoshareeverything,youshouldstillask.D.Youdon’thavetocleanyourroomandkeepitorganizedallthetime.E.Itallstartswithyoutohaveagoodrelationshipwithyourroommate.F.Sometimesyougetstuckwithsomeonewhohastonsofnegative(消极的)energy.G.Remember,you’retryingtomakeanewfriend,nottofrightenyourroommateaway.【文章大意】成为好室友的四种方法。1.【解析】选E。根据第一句可知,与室友保持良好的关系是从你开始的。故选E。2.【解析】选B。根据thetwostartcomplainingabouttheirroommatesbehindtheirbacks两人开始在背后抱怨室友,可知选B,抱怨只会造成尴尬和不快。3.【解析】选G。上句提到初次见面,所以记住,你是想交个新朋友,而不是吓跑你的室友。故选G。4.【解析】选C。根据上句你要尊重他或她的东西,首先要问。故选C。5.【解析】选D。上句提到“messy”,所以你不必一直打扫你的房间,让它井井有条。故选D。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Inrecentyears,self-drivetourism(自驾车旅游)hasbecomepeople’s1.__________(prefer)intravellingduringholidays.Thereasonswhymoreandmorepeoplechooseit2.__________(be)asfollows.Firstly,thetraditionalChinesefestivals,suchastheMid-AutumnFestival,3.__________(set)asofficialholidays,4.__________providespeoplewithmorechancestotraveltogetherwiththeirfamilyandfriends.5.__________(second),therapiddevelopmentofroadconstructionandthe6.__________(increase)numberofpeopleowningprivatecarsmakeself-drivetourismboom(繁荣).Thirdly,7.__________(compare)withtraditionaltourism,travellingbyself-drivingenablespeopletogetclosertonatureand8.__________(give)themmorefreedominthetour.

Sincepeoplehavetodriveallthewayduringthetour,theyhavetopayspecialattention9.__________thesafetyproblemandavoid10.__________(drive)whenexhausted.

1.【解析】preference。考查派生词。所填词在句中作表语,前面有people’s,故填名词preference。2.【解析】

are。考查主谓一致。主语是复数形式,故填are。3.【解析】areset。考查动词时态和语态。festivals与set之间为被动关系,且描述的是一般事实,故用一般现在时的被动语态。4.【解析】which。考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整句话的内容。5.【解析】Secondly。考查副词。本空填Secondly“第二”,与前面的Firstly“首先”呼应。6.【解析】increasing。考查形容词。所填词在句中作定语修饰名词number,increasing“日益增多的”。7.【解析】compared。考查非谓语动词。compare与其逻辑主语travelingbyself-driving之间为被动关系,故用过去分词compared。8.【解析】gives。考查时态。该空所填词与enables并列作谓语,应填gives。9.【解析】to。考查固定搭配。payattentionto“注意”。10.【解析】driving。考查非谓语动词。根据avoiddoingsth.“避免做某事”的用法可知该空填driving。【提升题组】（限时35分钟）Ⅰ.阅读理解

Forsomepeople,walkingorrunningoutdoorsisagreatwaytoworkout.Whatmaynotbesopleasantisseeingtrashallovertheground.Well,somepeoplearedoingsomethingaboutit.Theyareplogging!“Plogging”beganinSweden.ThenamecombinestheSwedishword“plocka”,whichmeanstopickup,andtheword“jogging”,whichmeanstorunslowly.ASwedishmannamedErik,startedthemovementin2016.OntheWorldEnvironmentDaywebsite,EriksaysthathemovedtoStockholmfromasmallcommunityinnorthernSwedenandeachdayhewouldridehisbiketowork.Concernedabouttheamountoftrashandlitterhesaweachdayonhiswaytowork,hetookmattersintohisownhands.

Plogging,bythatterm,mayhaveofficiallybeguninSweden.Butmanypeoplewhoexerciseoutdoorshavebeendoingthisforyears.TakeJeffHorowitzforexample.HeisapersonaltrainerinWashington,D.C.Heoftenpicksuptrashwhilerunningoutside.Heevenhasturneditintoagame;hewilltrytopickupthetrashwithoutstopping.“Ididn’tknowitwasathingreally.Thisisjustmypersonalethics(道德标准),whereIgoforarunandifIhappentoseeapieceofgarbagelyingaroundandit’swithinreach—itisakindofalittletestformetoseeifIcangrabitandthrowitinaneartrashcanwithoutstopping.Andthatway,Ithink,itgivesmealittleexerciseandalittlefocusformyrun.Andithelpscleanuptheneighborhood,”heannounced.

Today,ploggingisanofficialactivity,onethatisbecomingincreasinglypopular.Citiesaroundtheworldnowholdploggingevents,“Iwouldjusthopepeoplewouldthinktwicebeforedroppingagarbageontheground.Wehavecontainers...seemsoneveryblock.So,it’seasytoputyourgarbageinthetrashcans.Ijustthinkpeopleshouldthinkaboutitalittlebitmore.Idohopeonedaytherewillnotbeaneedforplogging.”saidaninterviewee.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。Plogging拾荒慢跑是全球正在流行的健身方式,

不仅让你的锻炼更高效,而且有助于美化身边的环境,保持环境清洁。1.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“tookmattersintohisownhands”?A.calledonpeopletojoinhimB.appealedtopeopletogogreenC.begantopickupthetrashD.hadthecollectedtrashrecycled【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据上文Concernedabouttheamountoftrashandlitterhesaweachdayonhiswaytowork可知,上班路上那些大量的垃圾让他感到担心,因此可推测下文应该是他开始捡这些垃圾。故划线部分的意思为“开始捡垃圾”。故选C。2.LikeJeffHorowitz,ploggingtomanypeoplehasbecomea(n)______act.

A.automatic

B.irresistibleC.arbitrary D.temporary【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段Thisisjustmypersonalethics可知,JeffHorowitz拾荒慢跑只是出于个人的道德标准,即是自发性的,因此可推理,和JeffHorowitz一样,拾荒慢跑对于很多人来说已经成为了一种自发行为。故选A。3.Whatistheideathatploggingeventsaremeanttopromote?A.Joggingistrulybeneficial.B.Trashcansshouldbewithinreach.C.Litteringisnotacceptable.D.Communitiesshouldbekeptclean.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段Iwouldjusthopepeoplewouldthinktwicebeforedroppingagarbageontheground可知,举办这些活动的目的是希望人们在往地上扔垃圾前三思。即拾荒慢跑旨在推广乱丢垃圾是不可接受的这一观念,故选C。4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.NewExerciseEnjoysUnbelievablePopularityB.NewExerciseTrendAlsoHelpsEnvironmentC.Plogging—AFashionableWaytoClearWasteD.Plogging—AnExerciseOriginatinginSweden【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句Today,ploggingisanofficialactivity,onethatisbecomingincreasinglypopular可知,如今,拾荒慢跑已成为一项官方活动,而且越来越受欢迎。结合文章主要内容可知,拾荒慢跑这种新的运动趋势不仅能使锻炼更高效,同时有助于保护环境。故选B。Ⅱ.完形填空

It’salwaysbeenadreamforAlextotakeatripwithhermother,butitwasadeathinthefamilythat

1

madethembothrealizehowpreciouslifereallyis.

“Afterlosingmygrandma,I

2

thatneitherInormymumwill

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behere,andthatIcan’t

4

therighttimetocome,”the27-year-oldgirltoldThe

Huffington

Post.

“Afteraweekof

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,myamazingmumandIareofftotravelaroundtheUnitedStates.WewillbetravellingfromNewYorktoLosAngelesinterviewing

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whoarechangingtheworldforthebetterand

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thedreamIhadforaverylongtime:totraveltogetherwithmymother.Ihavetakenamonthoffworkandweareonourway.

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arewaiting!”Alexsaid.

SoinAugust,Alexandher63-year-oldretiredmother,Halina,traveledtotheUnitedStatesforathree-week

9

thattookthemfromcoasttocoast.

Alexisthe

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ofLookingForHeroes,asocialmediaproject,inwhichshephotographsmanyoftheinterestingpeopleshemeetswith,

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uniquetidbits(花边新闻)oftheirlifestoriesatthesametime.The

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motheranddaughtertraveledacrossthenation,visitingcities

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Knoxville,Tennessee,NewYorkCity,LosAngelesandWashington.Alongthewaytheytookphotos

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famousbackdrops(背景)ineachcity,makingsome

15

memories.

Meanwhile,Alex

16

muchfromhermother.Hermotheroftensaid“My

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toyoungpeoplewouldbetolearnnewthings,andwhatyouhavelearnedwillbeyourbiggest

18

inlife.Withageyoustop

19

aboutthingsthatdon’tmatter.Withyourpriorities(优先)changing,

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andhealthbecomethemostimportant.”

【文章大意】Alex是LookingForHeroes的编辑,和妈妈一起去美国旅游采访,一路上她们以每个城市的著名景点为背景拍照,留下了难忘的记忆。她妈妈对年轻人的建议是要学习新事物,你所学到的将是你一生中最大的财富。1.A.finally

B.simplyC.mildly

D.secretly【解析】选A。一名家庭成员的去世最终(finally)让她们俩都意识到生命真的很宝贵。2.A.promised B.realizedC.guessed D.hoped【解析】选B。这里表示Alex在祖母去世之后的感悟。3.A.thus B.even C.ever D.forever【解析】选D。失去祖母之后,我意识到我和我妈妈都不会永远(forever)在这里。4.A.thinkof B.putasideC.waitfor D.giveaway【解析】选C。waitfor等待。此处表示我们不能等着这个时候的到来。5.A.preparation B.workC.consideration D.rest【解析】选A。根据句意可知是准备了一周之后。preparation准备,符合语境。6.A.friends B.relativesC.reporters D.influencers【解析】选D。influencers影响者。我们将从纽约到洛杉矶采访那些让世界变得更好的影响者。7.A.connecting B.describingC.achieving D.imagining【解析】选C。achieve实现,取得。achieveone’s/thedream实现某人的梦想,是固定搭配。8.A.Troubles B.Dreams C.Results D.Dangers【解析】选B。根据前文可知,和妈妈一起去旅行的梦想正等着我们。故选B。9.A.adventure B.campaignC.business D.gathering【解析】选A。adventure冒险。句意:Alex和她63岁的妈妈到美国旅行,进行了三周的冒险。10.A.actress B.model C.editor D.student【解析】选C。根据后文可知Alex是LookingForHeroes的编辑(editor)。11.A.inventing B.sharingC.preparing D.hearing【解析】选B。句意:Alex是LookingForHeroes的编辑,她拍摄遇到的有趣的人,

同时分享(share)他们生活故事中的独家花边新闻。故选B。12.A.frightened B.amusedC.astonished D.excited【解析】选D。根据下文可知妈妈感到兴奋(excited)。13.A.including B.arrangingC.containing D.expecting【解析】选A。此处表示游览的城市包括(including)Knoxville,Tennessee,NewYorkCity,LosAngeles和Washington。故选A。14.A.into B.above C.against D.from【解析】选C。句意:一路上她们以每个城市的著名景点为背景拍照,留下难忘的记忆。against以……为背景,故选C。15.A.unbelievable B.unforgettableC.unbearable D.unthinkable【解析】选B。unforgettable难忘的。此处表示她们通过拍照片留下难忘的记忆。16.A.received B.savedC.separated D.learned【解析】选D。句意:与此同时,Alex从她妈妈那里学到了很多。故选D。17.A.position B.exampleC.advice D.experience【解析】选C。根据下文中的“tolearnnewthings...”可知,此处表示建议。18.A.goal B.wealthC.success D.change【解析】选B。句意:我对年轻人的建议是要学习新事物,你所学到的将是你一生中最大的财富(wealth)。19.A.talking B.bringingC.setting D.worrying【解析】选D。随着年龄的增长,你会不再担忧(worry)不重要的事情。故选D。20.A.family B.identityC.beauty D.job【解析】选A。此处表示随着你对待事物优先次序的改变,家庭(family)和健康会变成最重要的。Ⅲ.短文改错(2021·广州模拟)

Lastweek,Iquarrelwithmyparentsaboutspendingtoomuchtimeonmycellphone.Ifeltexhaustingthatday,andbecameveryangryeventhoughtheytalkedtomeinafriend