高级英语(下)教案

教案

LessonOne

1.Theloweryourpositionis,themorepeopleyouareafraidof.(1)一此处采用了nthe+比较

级…+the+比较级…”结构，表示"越…，就越…”，前者是状语从句，后者是主句。E.g.the

more,thebetter越多越好。Thehardersheworked,themoreprogressshemade.她工作越努力，

进步越大。

2.Andallthepeopleareafraidofthetwelvemenatthetopwhohelpedfoundandbuildthe

companyandnowownanddirectit.(1)-whofoundandbuildthecompanyandnowownand

directit为men的定语从句。另外注意，found意为”创立、设立E.g.ThePeopleJsRepublic

ofChinawasfoundedin1949.中华人民共和国于1949年成立。这里不要与find的过去分词

found混淆，因常用的搭配形式为help(to)dosth.

3.Inthenormalcourseofabusinessday-(3)-inthecourseof为固定词组，意为“在…当中

E.g.Inthecourseofthediscussionmanyconstructiveopinionswereheard.在讨论当中，听至了

很多具有建设性的意见。

4.GreenisafraidofmebecausemostoftheworkinmydepartmentisdonefortheSales

Department,whichismoreimportantthanhisdepartment,(3)-whichismoreimportantthan

hisdepartment为theSalesDepartment的非限时性定语从句。

5.••,everynowandthen・・・(4)一意为“时时“，有时“，也可用everynowandagain,e.g.Theactress

stillappearsonTVevernowandthen.这位女演员仍不时地出现在电视ho

6.,••heistoobusywithhisownworktopaythatmuchattentionto(forn.)+todo意思是“由于

太••・以致不能”。E.g.Theproblemwassocomplicatedthatwecouldn,tsolve.这个问题太复杂，

我们无法解决。也可用so…that…替代。E.g.TheproblemwassocomplicatedthatwecouldnJ

tsolveit.词组bebusywith意为“忙于…”，同时注意payattentionto后接名词(动名词)。

7.Mostoftheworkwedoinmydepartmentis,inthelongrun,trivial.(4)—wedoinmy

department为mostofthework的定语从句，其中的先行词that已省略。Inthelongrun为插

入部分，意为”终究，到最后”。E.g.Hewilllosemoneyinthelongrun.他终究会把钱赔掉。

8.Ihaveoneotherpersonworkingformewhoisnotafraidofanyone,notevenme,andIwould

firehimquickly,butI'mafraidofhim…(5)—whoisnotafraidofanyone为oneotherperson的

定语从句。Fire在此做动词，意为“解雇”。E.g.Attheendofamonthhewasfiredfor

incompetence.到月底时，他由于能力不够而被解雇了。

9.Thepeopleinthecompanywhoaremostafraidofmostpeoplearethesalesman.(6)-The

peopleinthecompanywhoaremostafraidofmostpeople为主语部分，而whoaremostafraidof

mostpeople为定语从句，修饰people.

10.Theyliveandworkunderpressurethatisextraordinary.(6)——underpressure为固定的搭酉己形

式，意为"被迫，迫不得已thatisextraordinary为定语从句，修饰pressure.

11.onthevergeof(7)一濒于，濒临，即将。注意该词组通常用于不好的事情。E.g.Hewason

thevergeof(committing)suicide.他濒临自杀的边缘。

12....arecordofthesalesresultsoftheprecedingweekforeachsalesofficeandfortheSales

Departmentasawholeforeachdivisionofthecompanyiskeptandcomparedtothesalesresults

forthecorrespondingweekoftheyearbefore.(7)—arecordofthesalesresultsofthepreceding

weekforeachsalesofficeandfortheSalesDepartmentasawholeforeachdivisionofthe

company为该句的主语部分，arecord为主语，而其他为其定语。

13.Theresultsofthisphotocopyinganddistributingisthatthereisalmostcontinuouspublic

scrutiny-(7)-thatthereisalmostcontinuouspublicscrutiny为该句的表语从句。

14.forfeartheymaystartdoingworse.(8)—forfear(that)意为"以免…，以防…”。E.g.She

hidherjewelryforfearthatitwouldbestolen.她把宝石藏起来，以防被偷。

15.Itmightevenbecanceledbeforeitisfilled,inwhichcasenooneiscertainifanythingwas

gainedorlost.(8)——inwhichcasenooneiscertainifanythingwasgainedorlost为该句的状语从

句，修饰全句。

16.Eachofthemcannameatleastonesuperiorinthecompany,(9)—name在此做动词，意为”

说出…的姓名E.g.Howmanycountriescanyouname?你能举出几个国家的名称？

17.Thecompanyencouragesthis.(10)—encourage鼓励。由前缀en-与courage(勇气)结合而

成。前缀en-:l)置于名词或形容词前，构成动词，表示"使得…”。E.g.enlarge"放大"；2)

置于名词前，表示"放进，赋予二E.g.endanger”便陷入危险”。

18.,•,andrewardssalesmanwhomakeagoodimpressiononthegolfcourse.(10)-whomakea

goodimpressiononthegolfcourse为宾语salesman的定语从句。reward此处做动词，意为”

奖赏”,该词还常用做名词。E.g.HEworkedhardwithoutanyhopeofreward.他还辛勤工作却

丝毫不期待报酬。

19.…andsalesmanwhogetdivorced,orwhosewivesdie,knowtheyhadbetterremarryorbegin

lookingaheadtowardadifferentjob.(11)一whogetdivorced和whosewivesdie都是定语从句，

用来修饰salesman,theyhadbetterremarryorbeginlookingaheadtowardadifferentjob为该句

的宾语从句，其先行词that已省略。begin的用法有两种，即begintodosth.或begindoingsth.

20.••,thesalesmanreactverywelltotheconstantpressureandrigidsupervisiontowhichthey

aresubjected.(12)—该句中采用了reactto这一固定搭配，注意其后接名词，意为“对…产生

反应”。E.g.Theeyereactstolight.眼对光会起反应。而towhichtheyaresubjected为修饰

supervision的定语从句。

继续下册第一课的教案：

21.Thesalesmenareproudoftheirpositionandofthestatusandimportancetheyenjoywithin

thecompany,forthefunctionofmydepartment,andofmostotherdepartments,istohelpthe

salesmensell.(13)—beproudof为固定搭配，意为“对…感到自豪theyenjoywithinthe

company为定语从句，修饰statusandimportanceo介词for引导原因状语从句，从句中的主:

干为…thefunctionistohelpthesalesmensell.Helpsb.(to)do为另一种搭配形式,其中的to

常省略，意为"帮助某人做某事"。EgIhelpedhimlookforhiskey.我帮他找钥匙。

22.ThepeopleinthecompanywhoareleastafraidarethefewinoursmallMarketResearch

Department,whobelieveinnothingandareconcernedwithcollecting,organizing,interpreting,

andreorganizingstatisticalinformationaboutthepublic,themarket,thecountry,andthe

world.(14)—whoareleastafraid为people的定语从句。而whobelieveinnothingandare

concernedwithcollecting,organizing,interpreting,andreorganizingstatisticalinformationabout

thepublic,themarket,thecountry,andtheworld为thefew的定语从句。词组beconcernedwith

意为"与…有关系E.g.Heisconcernedwiththenewproject.他参与了那项新计划。

23.,••andtheyknowtheywillnothavemuchtroublefindingjobspayingjustaslittleinother

companiesiftheylosetheirjobshere.(14)-theywillnothavemuchtroublefindingjobspaying

justaslittleinothercompaniesiftheylosetheirjobshere为该句的宾语从句，其先行词that已

省略。从句中的固定搭配havetroubledoingsth.意为"做某事很费事”，口语中常用havetrouble

indoingsth.。e.g.Ihadnotrouble(in)findinghisoffice.我毫不费力就找到了他的办公室。

24.Theirbudget,too,issmall,fortheyarenolongerpermittedtoundertakelargeprojects.。4)一

to。此处意为”也，而且"，通常置于句尾，但为避免意思的模糊不清，有时置于被修饰词的

后面。E.g.She,too,liketraveling.她也喜欢旅行。因Shelikestraveling,too既可解释为"她

对旅行也喜欢“，又可解释为"她也喜欢旅行”。意义不清楚。表前者之意时重读traveling,

表后者之意时重读she。Undertake意为"承担”，该词由前缀under-与take构亦前缀under-

意为1)“不足够的E.g.undervalue"低估"；2)“…之下的，…的下方E.g.underline”在…

下划线”。

25.,•,andthereisnowayofknowinganymorewhethertheinformationonwhichwebaseour

owninformationfordistributionistrueorfalse.(15)一这个句子分为儿个层次，whetherthe

informationonwhichwebaseourowninformationfordistributionistrueorfalse为know的宾

语，而theinformationonwhichwebaseourowninformationfordistribution为该从句中的主

语而onwhichwebaseourowninformationfordistribution为该从句中的主语theinformation

的定语从句。

26.toagreatextent,,•(15)--大大地，大部分，与toalargeextent意同。E.g.Itwastoagreat

extentcomposedofinteHectuals.它主要都是由知识分子组成的。

27.Iamverygoodatthesetechniquesofdeception-•,(16)-begoodat为固定的搭配形式,

意为"擅长于…"e.g.Heisgoodat(playing)tennis.他很擅长打网球。

28.Therearesomanynowwhoactuallybelievethatwhatwedoisreallyimportant.(16)-who

actuallybelievethatwhatwedoisreallyimportant为many的定语从句，而who为该从句中的

主语，thatwhatwedoisreallyimportant为believe的宾语从句，whatwedo又为该宾语从句

中的主语从句。

29.Thishappensnotonlytosalesmen,"(16)-happentosb.意为"发生于…身上”。E.g.She

hopednothingbadwouldhappentohim.她希望不会有坏事发生在他身上。注意如happento后

接动词时，则意为“偶然，碰巧。E.g.Ihappenedtoseehimonthestreet.我碰巧在街上看见他。

30.about(16)一此处做副词，意为“大概，约”，与approximately意同。E.g.Aboutfiftypeople

werepresent.大约有50人出席。

31.It'swiseperson,Iguess,whoknowshe'sdumb,andanhonestpersonwhoknowshe,sa

liar.(17)-Iguess为插入部分。该主句采用了itis…who…的强调句型，而anhonestpersonwho

knowshe'saliar为该强调句型的省略形式，其完整形式为anditisanhonestpersonwho

knowshe'saliar.

32.,•,dependingonhowwellorpoorlythingsaregoingattheofficeorathomewithmywife,or

withmyretardedson,orwithmyotherson,ormydaughter,orthecoloredmaid,orthenursefor

myretardedson…(17)—该句为状语部分，其中多处由orwithmyretardedson,orwithmyother

son为withmywife的并歹U结构，而ormydaughter,orthecoloredmaid,orthenurseformy

retardedson与myotherson为并列结构。

33.Iamboredwithmyworkveryoftennow.(19)一beboredwith对…感到厌烦。E.g.Hewas

boredwiththesamestory.重复同样的故事使他觉得厌烦。

34.…butIusuallyperformatmybestunderunderthisstimulatingkindofpressureandenjoymy

jobthemost.(20)一atone,sbest为固定搭配形式，意为“处于最佳状态”。E.g.Thecherry

blossomsareattheirbest.樱花盛开。

35.1handlealloftheseimportantprojectsmyself,…(20)—handle在此做动词，意为“处理，应

付。该词的其他常用意为：1)“把手”,egThehandleofthesuitcase.手提箱的把手;2)“触

摸，e.g.Handletheglasswarewithcare.玻璃制品请小心轻放。

36.1frequentlyfeelVmbeingtakenadvantageofmerelybecauseVmaskedtodotheworkI'

mpaidtodo.(20)-Vnr・・do.为宾语从句。I'mpaidtodo为thework的定语从句。而take

advantageof在此意为“利用(人或人的弱点等)"，其常用意为“利用E.g.Ihopethatthis

libraryisfullytakenadvantageof.我希望这座图书馆能被充分利用。

37.forawhile(21)一意为“一会"，while还可与形容词搭配。E.g.Wehadtowaitalittlewhile

forthebus.我们只好等了会儿公共汽车。Ihaven'tseenhimforalongwhile.我已经好久没

见过他了。

38.Attheverytop,ofcourse,arethosepeople,mostlyyoungandwithoutdependents,towhom

thecompanyisnotyetaninstitutionofanysacredmeritbutstillonlyaplacetowork,andwho

regardtheirpresentassociationwithitassomethingtemporary.(21)—ofcourse为插入部分。因该

句的主语部分(thosepeople,mostlyyoungandwithoutdependents,towhomthecompanyisnot

yetaninstitutionofanysacredmeritbutstillonlyaplacetowork,andwhoregardtheirpresent

associationwithitassomethingtemporary)过长，为保持句子的平衡，故该句采用了倒装形式。

mostlyyoungandwithoutdependents为thosepeople的同位语，而towhomthecompanyisnot

yetaninstitutionofanysacredmeritbutstillonlyaplacetowork,andwhoregardtheirpresent

associationwithitassomethingtemporary贝II为其定语从句。

39.regardlessof(21)一意为“不顾，不管E.g.Hesayswhathethinks,regardlessofother

people'sfeelings.他想到什么就说什么，毫不考虑别人的感受。

40.Ihavethefeelingnowthatthereisnoplaceleftformetogo.(24)-thatthereisnoplaceleft

formetogo为feeling的定语从句。

LessonTwo

A.

1.TherehadbeensevenpeopleinEveline'sfamily.Therewereonlyfiveofthemleft.Ernestand

motherdied.

2.Sheworkedinastore.No,shedidn'tfinditpleasant.

3.Shetriedhardtokeepthehousetogetherandtookcareofthetwoyoungchildren.

4.Herfathertreatedherbadly,andeventhreatenedtobeather.Butoccasionallyherfatherwas

reallynicetoher.

5.FrankwasasailorfromabroadandcametoIrelandforaholiday.

6.BecausehethoughtasailorwasnotreliableandFrankmightcheathisdaughter.

7.FrankaskedhertogoawaywithhimtobehiswifeandtolivewithhiminBuenosAyres.

8.Ononehand,shewasgladtoleavethepresentharshlifeandstarthernewlifewithFrankin

somedistantcountry.Butontheotherhand,whenshewasabouttoleaveherhome,shedidn't

finditawhollyundesirablelife.Soshewasratherhesitantaboutleaving.

9.Asuddenimpulseoffearthatshemightenduplikehermotherwholedacommonplacelifeand

diedincraziness.

10.1feelratherpitifulabouttheirparalysisandinabilitytopursuehappiness.

B.

1.她的头靠在窗帘上，鼻孔中满是提花窗帘上的尘土气味。

2.她的父亲经常用他那根黑刺李木的拐杖将她们赶出空地。

3.也许她再也见不到那些熟悉的东西了，她做梦也没想到过会同它们分开。

4.而哈利在干教堂装修，差不多总是在乡下的什么地方。

5.他站在大门口，尖顶帽推到后脑上，头发向前散乱垂在晒得黎黑的脸上。

6.她似乎又回到了客厅另•侧那个封闭阴暗的房间，她听到外面演奏着忧伤的意大利曲子。

7.透过棚子宽大的门，她瞥见黑糊糊的巨大的船体，停在码头墙旁边，铉窗亮着灯光。

8.她苍白的面孔对着他，象个无助的动物•样迟钝。

C.

1.tumbling

2.unaccustomed

3.Whereonearth

4.spell

5.inhaled

6.wentfor

7.hadbeenlaidup

8.anguish

D.

1.Invariably

2.unaccustomed

3.squabbles

4.pitiful

5.melancholy

6.tumbled

7.unspeakably

8.spell

E.

1.eveningfellonthestreet

2....theywouldputupanadvertisementforashopassistantandfoundsomeonetoreplaceher.

3.Lookhigh-spiritedorfullofenergy.

4.Harryalwayssenttohisfatherasmuchmoneyashecould.

5.tobuydailynecessitiesforthefamily

6.asajoke

7.Shedidn'thavemuchtimeleftanditwastimetogoaway.

8....sheledanordinarylifeanddiedasamadwoman.

F.

EvelineconsentedtomarryFrank,anIrishsailor,wholivedinBuenosAyres.Theycameto

knoweachotheratthebeginningoftheholidayforwhichFrankreturnedtoDulin.Theywould

leaveforBuenosAyresthatnightbyboat.Theboatwouldstartoffinafewhours,butshestill

doubtedwhetheritwaswiseornottogosucharemotecountrywithFrank.Despitethefactthat

shehatedthejobinthestoreandherfatherdidnottreatherfairly,thatwastheonlylifeshewas

familiarwith.Inaddition,Evelinepromisedtohermotherthatshewouldtryherbesttokeepthe

housebeforethedeathofheremother.Butthevisionofhermother'smiserablelifeterrifiedherso

muchthatshelongedtoliveahappylifewithFrank.

However,shechangedhermindbeforeboardingtheboat.TheboatcarriedFrankaway.

Everyonedreamsofahappylife,butitrequiresmuchcouragetorealizeone'sdream.

LessonThree

A.

1.Theyarenotrealadvantagesofnewspapers,butofpapers.Itisahumorouswayoftheauthorto

introducethetopic.

2.TVcanservetheaudiencesintheformofbothsoundsandpictures.

3.Resistancetochangemarkstheendofnewspapers?usefulness.Becauseitresultsinendof

growth,which,inturn,markstheendofusefulness.

4.Televisionsprovideawiderangeofopinionsandbackgroundinformation,butthecoverageof

newsissuperficialandinadequate.

5.Thelocalnewspapersfailtoinformpeoplebecauseofthepartisanshipandresistancetochange.

6.Sheisawriter.

7.Bycriticizingthenewspapers,theauthoraimsatimprovingthismediumsothatitcanbetter

performtheserviceofinformingpeople.

8.Newsmendonottreatwordwithrespectitdeserves.

B.

1.报纸居第二位…

2.如果你从广播电视杂志和报纸上得到对同一新闻互相矛盾或不同的报导，这四种报导

中您最愿意相信哪一种？

3.电视比报纸依靠广告的程度甚至还要大，既然广告是笔大生意，广告从本性上就是亲共

和党的。

4.•••一个可耻的事实：有责任向美国民众提供消息的报纸却只向他们提供一面之辞。

5.画面常常凌驾于观点之上。

6.电视还通过邀请四五位专家在电视上.展开论战来提供各种不同的见解。

7.这种对变革的抵制就是发展的终止，而停止了发展，报纸也就毫无用处了。

8.写社论时诉诸于感情比讲道理要容易。

C.

1.substitute

2.cheapened

3.invain

4.stuffed

5.entrusted

6.passfor

7.tookprecedenceover

8.caterto

D.

1.advantage

2.asawhole

3.encountered

4.confinedto

5.coverage

6.justified

7.appeal

8.functioned

E.

1.thefacethathasnotbeenmadeupinthemorningandis,therefore,notgoodtolookat

2.peopleworkingfornewspapers;peopleworkingformagazines

3.oppositeandcontradictory

4.criticizeandattackeachother

5.befaraheadinthelist

6.newspaperbeingownedbyoneparticularparty

7.makesnewsreportingmoreprominentandimportantthanadsfordogfood

8.Theworldwilldefeatpicturesandsoundsandbecomethemostimportantmedium.

F.

Televisionhasmanyadvantagesovernewspapers.WhenwewatchTV,weusebothoureyes

andourears.Wecannotonlyseethewordsandpicturesonthescreen,butalsohearthesounds

andmusic.Itisfasterandeasierfortelevisiontotransmitnewsthannewspapers,butTVliveson

advertisingtoagreaterextent.TVcaterstothelowestinstinctofmantogainbigprofit.Inthe

UnitedStates,TVentrainmentisfullofviolenceandsex.Veryoften,TVcoverageofnewsis

superficialandinadequate.

TherearealsomanyproblemswithAmericannewspapers.Themostprominentarethe

distortionoffactsandtheattackonthecountries,peoplesandsocialsystemswhichtheydon't

like.

LessonTwo

1.Shesatatthewindowwatchingtheeveninginvadetheavenue.(1)一本句中,现在分词短语

watchingtheeveninginvadetheavenue作动词sat的伴随状语。

2.,••inhernostrilswastheodourofdustycretonne.(l)一本句为倒装句，正常语序为Theodour

ofdustycretonnewasinhernostrils.

3.••,sheheardhisfootstepsclackingalongtheconcretepavementandafterwardscrunchingon

thecinderpathbeforethenewredhouses.(2)一本句中，clacking••,and••,crunching为并列结构，

作heard的宾语补足语。介词短语beforethenewredhouses作定语修饰patho

4.Onetimethereusedtobeafieldthereinwhichtheyusedtoplayeveryeveningwithother

people*schildren.(2)—onetime表示“曾经，-度E.g.Atonetimeweusedtogoskiingevery

winter.我一度每个冬天都去滑雪。Inwhich引导一个表示地点的定语从句修饰field。Used

tobe表示“过去经常二E.g.Lifehereismucheasierthanitusedtobe.如今这里的生活比从前

可舒服多了。请注意它与beusedto(doing)sth.的区别，后者意为“习惯，适应”。E.g.The

foodinEnglandisstrangeatfirstbutyouwillsoongetusedtoit.英国食物•开始吃不惯，但不

久你就会适应。

5.,•,builthousesinit——notliketheirlittlebrownhouses,butbrightbrickhousewithshining

roofs.(2)一本句中，not…but…为一个常用结构，表示“不是…而是…二

6.littleKeoghthecripple(2)—thecripple为littleKeogh的同位语。

7.Herfatherusedoftentohunttheminoutofthefieldwithhisblackthornstick;…(2)—hunt本

意为“打猎"，这里是“驱赶;赶走”的意思。E.g.Hunttheneighbor*scatoutofthegarden!

把邻居的猫赶出花园！in这里是副词，huntin这里可译为“赶回家去”。

8.keepnix(2)-这里是俚语,意为“监视;站岗“；相当于”keepwatch”。

9.Stilltheyseemtohavebeenratherhappythen.(2)—still表示“尽管这样"，相当于”inspiteof

this“。E.g.Hehastreatedyoubadly;still,he,syourbrotherandyoushouldhelphim.他待你不

好，但他终究是你的兄弟，你应该帮助他。

10.Shelookedroundtheroom,reviewingallitsfamiliarobjectswhichshehaddustedoncea

weekforsomanyyears,wonderingwhereonearthallthedustcamefrom.(3)——现在分词短语

reviewing…和wondering…作looked的伴随状语。Which弓|导一个定语从句，修饰objects。

Onearth通常用来加强语气，意为“到底，究竟”。E.g.Whatonearthareyoudoing?你到底在

做什么？

11.Perhapsshewouldneverseeagainthosefamiliarobjectsfromwhichshehadneverdreamed

ofbeingdivided.(3)一fromwhich引导一个从句修饰objects,其中介词from是与divide连用，

表示“与…分开"。Notdreamofsth./doingsth.是固定短语，意为“无论如何也不做某事”。E.g.

Ishouldneverhavedreamtofsayingsuchathing.我无论任何也不会说出这样的话来。表示

“梦见某事物”时,常用"dreamof/aboutsth./doingsth.”结构。E.g.Idreamtaboutflyinglast

nighl.昨晚我梦见自己在飞翔。

12.Andyetduringallthoseyearsshehadneverfoundoutthenameofthepriestwhoseyellowing

photographhungonthewallabovethebrokenharmoniumbesidethecolouredprintofthe

promisesmadetoBlessedMargaretMaryAlacoque.(3)一木句中，whose引导的定语从句修饰

thepriest,其中yellow是动词，意为“变黄，发黄E.g.Themanuscripthadyellowedwithage.

手稿因年久而发黄了。介词短语onthewall,abovethebrokenharmonium,besidethecoloured

printofthepromises均为表示地点的状语；过去分词短语made…作定语修饰promises.

13.consenttodo(4)一意为“同意E.g.Theyfinallyconsentedtogowithus.他们最终同意跟

我们一起走。还可以说：“consenttosth."。E.g.Shemadetheproposal,andIreadilyconsentedto

it.她提出建议，我欣然同意。

14.Shetriedtoweigheachsideofthequestion.(4)—weigh本意为"称重E.g.Thispieceof

meatweighsfourpounds.这片肉重四磅。在这里是“衡量”的意思。E.g.toweighttheprosand

cons权衡正反两方面的意见。

15.,•,shehadthosewhomshehadknownallherlifeabouther.(4)—这里about相当于around,

意为“在身边”。这个句子的主句为Shehadthoseabouther.其中含有一定语从句，其关联词

whom在从句中作宾语。

16.…andherplacewouldbefilledupbyadvertisement.(4)—fill本意为“添满”，这里意为“派

某人担任某职”。E.g.Thevacancyhasalreadybeenfilled.空缺已有人补上。

17.Shehadalwayshadanedgeonher,especiallywhenevertherewerepeoplelistening.(4)一

haveedgeon/oversb.意为“略月生过E.g.Theyoungtennisplayerdefinitelyhadtheedgeonhis

folderopponent.年轻的网球选手显然要比年长的那个对手略胜一筹。在本文中可理解为“总

想压她一头”。

18.Shewouldnotbetreatedashermotherhadbeen.(8)一本句中省略了一些成分，原句应为"

Shewouldnotbetreated(inaway)ashermotherhadbeentreated.,,

19.Sheknewitwasthatthathadgivenherthepalpitations.(8)——本句中，第——个that指代上文

中提到的“她担心挨父亲的打”这件事，第二个that为强调句"itwas…that”结构中的that.

20.gofar(8)—在本文中意为“攻击；打E.g.Thenewspaperreallywentforhimoverhis

defenseofterrorism.报纸对他偏袒恐怖主义的行为大肆攻击。另外，gofor还有以下常见的意

思：1）适用于。WhatIsaidaboutSmithgoesforyou,too.我说的有关史密斯的话也适用于你。

2）去找来。ShallIgoforadoctor?我去请医生来好吗？3）喜欢。Idon'Igomuchformodernart.

我不太喜欢现代艺术。4）选择。IthinkI'11goforthefruitsalad.我想我还是要水果沙拉吧。

21.,••butlatterlyhehadbeguntothreatenherandsaywhathewoulddotoheronlyforherdead

mother?ssake.(8)一本句中，latterly是"近来”的意思,相当于“lately;nowadays"。Forthe

sakeofsb./forsb/ssake,意为“为了某人起见E.g.V11helpyouforyoursister*ssake.

看在你姐姐的面子上，我会帮助你。Only这里是“要不然；要不是”的意思。E.g.Hewould

probablydowellintheexaminationonlyhegetsverynervous.他要不是考试时太紧张，成绩可

能会不错。这句话可译为“要不是看在她死在的母亲的面上，他会怎样对待他J

22.IntheendhewouldgivehermoneyandaskherhadsheanyintentionofbuyingSunday*s

dinner.(8)—该句的这种说法不太普遍，通常我们会说"askherifshehadanyintentionof

buyingSunday?sdinner”。

23.Thenshehadtorushoutasquicklyasshecouldanddohermarketing,holdingherblack

leatherpursetightlyinherhandinherhandassheelbowedherwaythroughthecrowdsand

returninghomelateunderherloadofprovisions.(8)一本句中，现在分词短语holding…和

returning…为并列成分修饰动词do,前者作伴随状语，后者表示结果。As连接同时发生的

两个动作hold和elbowoElbowone'swaythrough用肘朝一方向强行开路，e.g.Heelbowed

hiswaythroughthecrowd.他用肘开路，从人群中挤过。

24.Shehadhardworktokeepthehousetogetherandtoseethatthetwoyoungchildrenwhohad

beenlefttoherchargewenttoschoolregularlyandgottheirmealsregularly.(8)一本句中，charge

译为“照管,监护”。E.g.toleaveachildinafriendJscharge把孩子留给朋友照顾。That引

导的宾语从句中，who引导的定语从句修饰childreno

25.Shewastogoawaywithhimbythenight-boattobehiswifeandtolivewithhiminBuenos

Ayres,wherehehadahomewaitingforher.(9)一本句中，不定式tobehiswife和tolivewith

him作目的状语。Where引导的非限定性定语从句修饰BuenosAyres。

26.Hewasstandingatthegate,hispeakedcappushedbackonhisheadandhishairtumbled

forwardoverafaceofbronze.(9)—hispeakedcappushedbackonhisheadandhishair

tumbled…为独立结构，逻辑主语分别为hispeakedcap和hishair。试比较：l)Turningtothe

right,youwillseethechurch.向右转,你会看到教堂。2)Johnarrivinghome,Maryaskedhimto

dine.约翰回到家里，玛丽要他去吃饭。第一句中分句的主语是you与主句的主语的一致，可

改写为Ifyouturntotheright,youwillseethechurch.二第二句中分词的主语为John,跟主

句的主语从句不一致，可改写为“WhenJohnarrivedhome,Maryaskedhimtodine.

27.HehadstartedasadeckboyatamonthonashipoftheAllanLinegoingoutofCanada.(9)一

at指比率、价格、速度等。E.g.Iboughtthiscoatathalf-price.我用半价买了这件衣服。Line

这里指“运输公司E.g.ashippingline轮船公司，anairline航空公司。分词短语goingoutto

Canada作定语修饰ship。

28.HehadfallenonhisfeetinBuenosAyres.(9)一fallonone'sfeet表示“迅速恢复”,这里

可译为“站稳脚跟二

29.Thewhiteoftwolettersinherlapgrewindistinct.(12)-white这里是名词"白色”的意思。

E.g.bedressedinwhite穿一身白色的衣服。

30.,••whenshehadbeenlaidupforaday…(12)这里layup表示“卧床不起E.g.Ihavebeen

laidupwithfluforaweek.我患流感已在家休息了一个星期了。

31.Hertimewasrunningout,butshecontinuedtositbythewindow,leaningherheadagainstthe

windowcurtain,inhalingtheodourofdustycretonne.(13)一runout表示“耗尽，用光”的意思。

E.g.Wearerunningoutofpetrol.我们的汽油快用光了。分词短语leaning…和inhaling…为并

列结构，作伴随状语修饰sit。

32.Sheknewtheair.(13)一air这里意为“曲子”。

33.Strangethatitshouldcomethatverynighttoremindherofthepromisetohermother,her

promisetokeepthehometogetheraslongasshecould.(13)—strange前省略了Itis…，这种结

构后面的宾语从句通常要用shou1d+动词原形的虚拟语气结构。herpromisetokeepthehome

togetheraslongasshecould为前面thepromise的同位语，进一步说明promise的内容。Keep

thehometogether这里意为“维持这个家”。

34.AsshemusedthepitifulvisionofhermotherJslifelaiditsspellontheveryquickofherbeing

一thatlifeofcommonplacesacrificesclosinginfinalcraziness.(15)一本句中的主句的主语为

thepitifulvisionofhermother,slife。Spell本意为“魔力、威势”，这里可理解为“触动；

震动”的意思。thatlifeofcommonplacesacrificesclosinginfinalcraziness为hermother'slife

的同位语。现在分词短语closinginfinalcraziness表示结果，可译为“最后却死于精神失常”。

35.Throughthewidedoorsoftheshedsshecaughtaglimpseoftheblackmassoftheboat,lying

inbesidethequaywall,withilluminedportholes.(18)—现在分词短语lying…和介词短语with

illuminatedportholes作伴随状语。Catchaglimpseof意为“一眼瞥见"°E.g.Hecaughtaglimpse

ofherbeforeshebanishedintothecrowd.他看见她一闪就在人群中消失了。

LessonThree

1.Newspapershavetwogreatadvantagesovertelevision.(1)一句子中havetwogreatadvantages

over意为“胜于，优于E.g.Youhaveanadvantageoverme.Youcanmakedress.你比我强，

你会做衣服。Advantage还可.用在其他短语中：givesbanadvantageover意为“使某人比较

有利E.g.John'suniversityeducationgavehimadvantageoverotherboys.约翰所受的大学教

育使他比其他男孩处于更有利的地位。Takeadvantageof的意思为“利用”。E.g.Itook

advantageofthemomenttoleavetheroom.我利用那一刻离开了房间。Tosb'sadvantage意为

“对某人有利”。E.g.Itistoouradvantagetorecognizethischaracteristic.认清这一特点对我们

有利。

2.against⑴一介同，这里意思是“预防，防备”。它还有其他不同的译法。Wehavesavedsome

moneyagainstoldage.我们积攒了一些钱以备养老。还可表示反对关系。E.g.Wearegoingto

callageneralstrikeagainstarmedintervention.我们准备号召一次大罢工以反对武装干涉。英语

中常用介词来表示动作，意思相当于汉语中的某些动词，翻译时应注意词类转换。

3.Butherearesomeinterestingstatisticsfromalittle,andlittleknown,survey*(2)——这是个

以here引起的倒装句。由here引起谓语是be的句子常使用倒装结构，e.g.Hereisyourbook.

这是你的书。但如果主语过短，就仍用正常语序。E.g.Hereweare.Thisistherailwaystation.

咱们到了，这就是车站。句中第一个little为形容词，意思为“小的”，直接修饰后面的名词

survey；第二个little是副词，意思为“很少”，修饰形容词known。

4.Initheaskseverybodybutmethisquestion:(2)一代词it指上文中的surveyoBut为介词,

意思是“除去，除了"，多和nothi