高考英语全国卷真题及答案详解

高考英语全国卷真题及答案详解高考英语全国卷真题及答案详解生命之中最快乐的是拼搏，而非成功，生命之中最痛苦的是懒散，而非失败。祝高考顺利!下面是店铺为大家推荐的高考英语全国卷真题，仅供大家参考!高考英语全国卷真题第一部分：听力(满分30分)第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选择出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.HowdidNancyfirstreacttobeingofferedchocolate?A.Surprised.B.Disappointed.C.Happy.2.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heisallergictocats.B.Hehadabadcoldonhisfirstdayofwork.C.Heoftenbringshiscattowork.3.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hehadalotofhelp.B.Heishungrynow.C.Theworkiseasyforhim.4.Whydoesthemanaskthewomantohelphimpainthisbedroom?A.Hisbrothercan'tdoitB.Thewomanisreallygoodatpainting.C.Hisarmisbroken.5.Wheremighttheman'sbackpackbe?A.Heiswearingit.B.It'satschool.C.Clairehasit.第二节(共l5小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听第6段材料，回答第6、7题掏6.WhywasLorettaonthenews?A.ShewroteasongfortheTVstation.B.Shewonamusiccontest.C.Shesangasongforcharity.7.Whatdoesshethinkofsinging?A.Itwillmakeherfamousoneday.B.Itgiveshergreatpleasure.C.Ittakestoomuchofhertime.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhogaveLilyhernewrollerskates?A.Mr.Benjamin.B.Herbrother.C.Heruncle.9.WhatdoesLilyhavetodosoherbrotherwilltakehertogoskating?A.Getbetteratrollerskating.B.HelpMr.Benjamin.C.Dowellinschooluntilwinterbreak.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatwerethespeakerssupposedtodotoday?A.Getreadyforaparty.B.Wearthesameclothes.C.Dosomethingfortheirclassmates.11.Howdidthewomangetherproblemsolved?A.Sheaskedherscienceteacherforhelp.B.Themangaveheranextrasweater.C.Shehurriedhometofetchherthings.12.Whatdidthemanforget?A.Hisbirthday.B.SchoolSpiritDay.C.Thedayoftheweek.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whoarethespeakers?A.Students.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Coachandplayer.14.Howdidthemanreactwhenhesawthewomandancing?A.Hewasannoyed.B.Hewasinspired.C.Hewassurprised.15.Howdoesthemanusuallyexercise?A.Helikestorideabicycle.B.Helikestoplaysoccer.C.Helikestorun.16.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Studyforatest.B.Gotothegymtogether.C.Showeachothertheirmoves.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatarepeoplelikenowadays,accordingtothespeaker?A.Theyaretoolazytocook.B.Theypreferfastfood.C.Theyareinahurryeveryday.18.Whatdomostpeoplewanttodo?A.Enjoyhome-madedisheswithfamilies.B.Eatoutmorewithfriends.C.StartfoodbusinessontheInternet.19.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestpeopledo?A.Findagoodrestaurantintheirneighborhood.B.Cookhealthymealsathome.C.Orderfoodonline.20.Whatkindoftalkisthespeakergiving?Alectureonfoodandhealth.B.Anadvertisementforafoodwebsite.C.Thedevelopmentofcooking第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节：(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ABirdsenjoyarelativelyslowrateofextinctionbutanewstudysuggeststhatratemightbeseverelyunderestimated(低估).Evenworse,ifhumanactionscontinue,birdextinctionratescouldskyrocketand12percentoftheknownbirdspecies(物种)couldbedyingoutbytheendofthecentury.Presentlythereare10,000knownbirdspecies—mostidentifiedafter1850—andanestimated130ofthosehavebecomeextinctsince1500,settingtheextinctionrateataboutonespecieseveryfouryears.ButaccordingtoStuartPimmofDukeUniversity,thisratefailstotakeintoaccountthreekeypoints:Thecontinualidentificationofextinctbirdspeciesfromfossilremains;numerous"missing"speciesnotyetdeclaredextinct;andthefactthatpresentextinctionrateswerenotcalculatedusingtheproperbaselinedateforwhenthespecieswasfirstdescribed.Takingthesepointsintoconsideration,theextinctionrateisclosertoonebirdspeciesperyear,saysPimm,theleadingauthorofthestudy.Andtheratecouldbethreetimesashighasthatifnotforrecentbirdpreservationefforts.Inpreviouscenturies,birdextinctionstookplacemainlyonislandsasPolynesianpeoplesexpandedintothePacificorEuropeanstookovertheAmericas,wipingoutbirdsalongtheway.Inrecentyears,scientistsareseeinganincreasednumberofextinctionsoncontinents,againbecauseofhumanactivities.Habitatdestruction,introductionofinvasivespecies,andclimatechangecombinetoharmmanybirdspecies.Beforehumaninfluence,theestimatedrateofbirdextinctionswouldhavebeenonlyonespeciesperhundredyears,researchersestimate.Birdextinctionratesareslowerthanformostanimals,mainlybecausehumansdomoreharmtootherspeciesandpeopletakespecialeffortstoprotectbirds.Still,ifthepresenttrendscontinue,theresearchersestimatethatthebirdextinctionratewillcontinuetoclimbtoasmanyas10speciesperyear,21.Theunderlinedword"skyrocket"inthefirstparagraphmeans_________.A.flyhighB.appearsoonC.increasequicklyD.changeregularly22.AccordingtoPimm,theextinctionrateofbirdsis____________.A.onespeciesperhundredyearsB.onespecieseveryyearC.threespeciesperyearD.tenspecieseveryyear23.Whatcanweinferfromthefifthandsixthparagraphs?A.Humanshavestarteddestroyingbirdhabitatinrecentyears.B.Humansaredoingmoreharmtoanimalsthantobirds.C.Humanshavemadenoefforttoprotectbirds.D.Humansareresponsibleforthebirdextinctions.24.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Humans'FightingagainstBirdExtinctionB.Humans'ResponsibilitiesforBirdProtectionC.BirdExtinctionRatesFarWorseThanRealizedD.BirdExtinctionOccurringonIslandsandContinentsBShundagarhisavillageonIndia’seast-facingcoast.Itisavillageofsimplemudandgrasshousesbuiltonthebeachjustabovethewaterline.TheKhadraHillsriseimmediatelybehindthevillage,toaheightofonehundredandfiftymeters.Asimple,good-heartedoldman,whosenamewasJalpur,farmedtwosmallfieldsontheveryedgeofthesehills.Fromhisfieldshecouldseethefishingboatsthattraveledupanddownthecoast.Hecouldseethechildrenplayingonthesands;theirmotherswashingclothesontheflatstoneswheretheShivaRiverflowedintothesea;andtheirfatherslandingthelatestcatchorrepairingnetsandtellingstoriesthathadnoend.AllJalpurownedintheworldweretheclothesheworedayinanddayout,themiserable-hutthathesleptinatnight,afewtoolsandcookingpots–andhisfields.Thecornthathegrewwasallthatmadelifepossible.Iftheweatherwaskindandtheharvestwasgood,Jalpurcouldlivehappilyenough–notwell,buthappily.Whenthesunwasfierce,andtherewaslittleornorain,thenhecameclosetothelinebetweenlifeanddeath.Lastyeartheweatherhadbeensokind,andtheharvestpromisedtobesogood,thatJalpurhadbeenwonderingwhetherhecouldsellallthathehadandlivewithhissonfartherupthecoast.Hehadbeenthinkingaboutdoingthisforsomeyears.Itwashisdearestwishtospendhislastdayswithhissonandhiswife.Buthewouldgoonlyifhecouldgive;hewouldnotgoifitmeanttakingfoodoutofthemouthsofhisgrandchildren.Hewouldratherdiehungrythandothis.OnthedaywhenJalpurdecidedthathewouldharvesthiscorn,sellit,andmoveupthecoast,helookedouttotheseaandsawahugewave,severalkilometersout,advancingonthecoastandonthevillageofShundagarh.WithintenminuteseveryoneinShundagarhwouldbedrowned.Jalpurwouldhaveshouted,butthepeopleweretoofarawaytohear.Hewouldhaverundownthehill,buthewastoooldtorun.HewaspreparedtodoanythingtosavethepeopleofShundagarh,sohedidtheonlythingthathecoulddo:hesetfiretohiscorn.Inamatterofsecondstheflameswererisinghighandsmokewasrisinghigher.WithinaminutethepeopleofShundagarhwereracingupthehilltoseewhathadhappened.There,inthemiddleofhisblackenedcornfield,theyfoundJalpur;andtheretheyburiedhim.Onhisgrave,theywrotethewords:HereliesJalpur,amanwhogave,living;amanwhodied,giving.25.WhichofthefollowingcouldJalpurNOTseefromhisfields?A.Fatherstakingtheircorntomarket.BMotherswashingclothes.C.Fishingboatstravelingonthesea.D.Childrenplayingonthesands.26.Whydidn’tJalpurlivewell?A.Hedidn’tworkhard.B.Hehadtoomanychildrentofeed.C.Thevillagerskepttakinghiscorn.D.Heonlydependedongoodweatherandharvestforsurvival.27.WhatdidJalpurdowhenhesawthehugewave?A.Herandownthehilltotellthepeople.B.Hescreamedloudlytogetthevillagers’attention.C.HesethiscornonfiresothepeopleofShundagarhwouldleavethebeach.D.Hestoodstill,notknowingwhattodo.28.ThevillagerswerethankfultoJalpurbecausehehad.A.giventhemhiscorninordertosavethemfromhungerB.savedtheirvillagefrombeingdrownedbythewaveC.giventhemmanythingsduringhislifeD.givenhislifeinordertosavetheirsCThefirstlivingcreaturestotravelinspacewerethedogsoftheSovietUnionsspaceprogram.Beginningin1951dogsflewaboardsub-orbitalflightstotheheightof63milesandhigher.Theyhelpedtotesttheequipmentthatwouldlaterbeusedbyhumans.Thefirstpairofdogstofly,onJuly22.1951,werenamedTsyganandDezik.SpacedogswouldmakehistoryonNovember3rd1957.Onthisdate,justonemonthafterthehistoriclaunchoftheworld’sfirstartificialsatellite,Sputnik,theSovietUnionshockedtheworldagainbylaunchingSputnik2.Thissatellitecontainedthefirstlivingcreaturetotravelinspace,adognamedLaika.Laikawastohaveorbitedforaweekormoreuntilherfoodandoxygenranout.Infact,Laikalastedonlyhoursinorbitbeforeoverheatinginhercapsule(太空舱)tookherlife.Thatnextstep,occurredinAugust1960,whenthedogsBelkaandStrelkamade18orbitsofearthandreturnedalive.LikeLaikabeforethem,theybecamedistinguished,featuredinnewspapersandmagazinesaroundtheworld.Sixmoreorbitaldogflightsoverthenexteightmonthsfurthertestedtheequipmentnecessaryforhumanstofollowinthedogs’footsteps.ThathistoriceventhappenedonApril12,1961,whenYuriGagarinbecamethehumantotravelinspace.Theroleofthespacedogshadprovenimportantinadvancingtheexplorationofspace.But,theywouldmakeonefinalflight.In1966,travelingaboardtheCosmos110satellite,thedogsUgolekandVeterokspent22daysinorbit.Onceagaindogsledtheway.Humanswouldnotachieveaspaceflightthatlongforeightmoreyears,inSkylab2.29.Fromthepassagewemayinferthat_____________.A.Laikacouldn’treturntotheearthaliveB.TsyganandDezikbecameworldfamousaftertheyreturnedtotheearthsafelyC.LaikewasnotasfamousasBelkaandStrelkaD.mantravelearlierinspacethandogs30.Theunderlinedword“distinguished”inparagraph3probablymeans________.A.crazyB.terrifiedC.anxiousD.famous31.Accordingtothepassage,spacedogs___________.A.playedanimportantpartinspaceexplorationB.wereusedtowalkedonthesurfaceofplanetsinsteadofmanC.didmoreresearchworkthanmanwhentravelinginspaceD.couldstaylongerinspacethanmanDWalkthroughtheAmazonrainforesttodayandyouwillfinditsteamy,warm,dampandthick.Butifyouhadbeentherearound15,000yearsago,duringthelasticeage,wouldithavebeenthesame?Formorethan30years,scientistshavebeenarguingabouthowrainforestsmighthavereactedtothecold,dryclimateoftheiceages,buttillnow,noonehasreachedasatisfyinganswer.RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtosolveglobalwarming.CurrentlythetreesintheAmazontakeinaround500milliontonsofCO2eachyear:equaltothetotalamountofCO2givenoffintheUKeachyear.ButhowwilltheAmazonreacttothefutureclimatechange?Ifitgetsdrier,willitsurviveandcontinuetodrawdownCO2?Scientistshopethattheywillbeabletolearninadvancehowtherainforestwillmanageinthefuturebyunderstandinghowrainforestsreactedtoclimatechangeinthepast.Unfortunately,collectinginformationisincrediblydifficult.Tostudythepastclimate,scientistsneedtolookatfossilizedpollen(花粉)keptinlakemud,Goingbacktothelasticeagemeansdrillingdownintolakesediments(沉淀物),whichrequiresspecializedequipmentandheavymachinery.Thereareveryfewroadsandpaths,orplacestolandhelicoptersandaeroplanes.Riverstendtobetheeasiestwaytoentertheforest,butthisstillleavesvastareasbetweentheriverscompletelyunsampled(未取样).Sofar,onlyahandfulofcoreshavebeendrilledthatgobacktothelasticeageandnoneofthemprovideenoughinformationtoprovehowtheAmazonforestreactstoclimatechange.32.Howdoscientistsstudythepastclimatechange?A.Bypredictingtheclimatechangeinthefuture.B.Bydrillingdowndeepintolandsediments.C.Byanalyzingfossilizedpolleninlakemud.D.BytakingsamplesfromriversintheAmazon.33.Whyisitdifficulttocollectinformationaboutthepastclimatechange?A.Becausescientistscan'tfindproperequipmentandmachinery.B.Becauseitisverydifficulttoobtaincompletesamples.C.Becausehelicoptersandaeroplaneshavenoplacetoland.D.Becausenoneofthecoresprovideanyinformation.34.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Amedicaljournal.B.AnewsreportC.Atravelbrochure.D.Asciencemagazine.35.Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe.A.SecretsoftheRainforestB.ClimatesoftheAmazonC.TheHistoryoftheRainforestD.ChangesoftheRainforest第二节七选五(共5小题每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Takinggoodnotesisatime-savin6skillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways.36Secondyournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.Third,note-takingoffersvarietytoyourstudytimeandhelpsyoutoholdyourinterest.Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhilereadingatextbook.ordoingresearchforareport37Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.38Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou.Readthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.Carefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsandsupportingfacts.Writeyournotesinyourownwords.39Noteanyquestionsorideasyoumayhaveaboutwhatwassaidorwritten.Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand(速记法).Whenyoudothis,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetime.40A.Usewords,notcompletesentences..B.Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethodsC.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.D.First;thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandrememberit.E.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.F.Youwill'alsowanttodevelopyourownmethodsfortakingnotes.G.Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(30分)ADeedaDayItwasabusydayasusual.Iwasmakingsandwichesandbalancingthephonebetweenmyshoulderandchin.Thewashingmachinesoundedasmyhusbandwalkedinwithourdaughters.Wehadonlyabouttwentyminutestoeat41wehadtotakethegirlstotheirnextactivity.Myhusbandseemedabit42thatdinnerwasnotonthetable.Thatnight,Ihadaheavy43,thinkingwewerebecomingtaskmastersonanassemblyline(流水线).Wehadbecometoo44inourowntasksandnotveryconsideratetowardsthosearoundus.Weneededtodosomethingtobringbacksomemeaningintoourlives.Itneededtobesomethingthatwould45ourownagendasandenergizeustowardthecommongood.Iboughtanotebook,namedit“OurDeedDiary”andheldafamilymeeting.ItoldmyfamilyIwantedusalltothinkaboutdoinga46forotherseveryday.Itcouldbeforeachotherorforpeopleoutsideour47.Andweallneededtowriteitdowninthenotebook.Ithoughtonedeedadaywastooeasy.However,itwasactually48thanitseemedbecauseithadtobesomething49whatwehadalreadydone.Sendingbirthdaycardstopeoplewealreadysentcardstoeveryyearwouldnot50.Wehadarough51.Onsomedays,someonewouldforgetto52agooddeed,whileonotherdays,wewouldforgettowriteourgooddeedsinthediary.Afterafewweeksthough,Ifoundmyselfwakingupinthemorningtryingto53whatgooddeedIcoulddoforsomeonethatday.Mydaughtersbegantorushtomeafterschoolto54methegooddeedtheyhaddone.Now,afterayear,Iamhappytosaythatitismakinga(n)55inourlives.Insteadofalways56whatthedaywillbringforus,wethinkaboutwhatwecandoforsomeoneelse.Whowouldhavethoughtthattryingtodoasimplekindnessadaywouldbeso57?Ifeelmydaughtershavefeltinnerjoythatyoucanonly58bygivingtosomeoneelsefromyourheart.Thebestthingisthatyoufeelsogreataboutdoingsomethingforsomeoneelse;youdon'tevenlookfororexpectanythingin59.So,whensomeonedoesreturnthefavor,itisanenormousandpositive60.41.A.thoughB.whileC.beforeD.unless42.A.annoyedB.frightenedC.embarrassedD.puzzled43.A.shoulderB.heartC.footD.stomach44.A.absorbedB.successfulC.confidentD.interested45.A.repeatB.recallC.refocusD.relate46.A.kindnessB.copyC.jobD.task47.A.roomB.townC.schoolD.home48.A.strangerB.biggerC.harderD.sweeter49.A.beyondB.betweenC.aboutD.from50.A.matterB.happenC.lastD.count51.A.timeB.ideaC.startD.life52.A.praiseB.doC.recordD.check53.A.describeB.explainC.rememberD.decide54.A.bringB.tellC.offerD.teach55.A.effortB.fortuneC.differenceD.choice56.A.forgettingB.wonderingC.knowingD.believing57.A.tiringB.rewardingC.surprisingD.moving58.A.experienceB.exchangeC.predictD.imagine59.A.silenceB.orderC.timeD.return60.A.effectB.contributionC.attitudeD.bonus第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)请在下列空白处内填入适当内容(不多于3个词)或括号内单词的正确形式Tobecomeajournalist,thefirststepistoreceiveaneducation.Mostjournalistshave,atleast,abachelor’sdegreeinEnglish,communicationorjournalism.Aneducationisanecessarysteppingstone___1.(learn)aboutjournalismandtohelpyougetyourfirstjobwithanewspaper,magazine,orotherformsofmedia.Alsosomeschoolswil__2.(assistance)youwhenyousearchforjournalismjobs.Whileyouarereceivingyoureducation,___3.isagoodideatogetasmuchhands-onexperienceasyoucan.Thismeans___4.__(work)onyourschool’snewspaperorradiostationandtakingatleastoneinternshipduringyouryearsatschool.Internshipscanbeinvaluableexperiencesandherearesomeusefulsuggestions.Leaveagood__5.(impress).Learnfrom___6.___(experience)colleagues.Communicate_7.___(efficiency)withotherpeople.Writeclearlyandconcisely.Bealwayspreparedfortheunexpectednewsand__8.___abilitytofindagoodstoryquicklyisimportantaswell.Asyouarecompletingyoureducationandhands-onexperience,youshouldbeabletodetermine___9.__becomingajournalististhecareerpathyouwanttotakeahead__10.__time.第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节：短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)Lastweek,weheldtheSixthClubFestivalinourschool.StartfromMarch23,theweek-longfestival'sthemewas"ColorfulLife".TheLiteratureSocietyrecommendmanygoodbooks,encouragingustogetpleasureoutofreading.ThePhotographyClubputonanexhibitionofphoto.TheRollerSkatingClubhadsomethingexcited.Therewasfiercecompetitionamongrollerskatingloversandthewinnerputonwonderfulperformance.Weche