河北省沧州市大官厅乡中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析

河北省沧州市大官厅乡中学高一英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.

_________youtry,_______you’lldointheexam.

A.Harder,better

B.Theharder;thebetterC.Thebetter;theharder

D.Better;harder.参考答案：B2.Thebookwasboring.Itwasn’t_____tome.

A.benefit

B.benefited

C.oflittlebenefit

D.ofmuchbenefit参考答案：D3.Thelittleboystillneededthe______20dollarstodowiththethings______.A.remaining;remainedtobesettled

B.remaining;remainingtobesettledC.remained;remainedtosettle

D.remained;remainingtosettled参考答案：B4.---Areyousatisfiedwiththe20students’performance?---Yes,though_________haven’tpassedtheroadtest.A.all

B.noneC.those

D.ones参考答案：A句意：---你对这20位学生的表现满意吗？-----是的，尽管并不是每位学生都通过路考。这里用完全肯定的单词all加not表示部分否东，allnot并非所有。故选B。【名师点睛】部分否定：一、all的否定式：notall…(或：all…not)表示"并非都……"、"不是所有的都……"例如：Notallmencanbemasters.(=Allmencannotbemasters.)并非人人都是大师。Notallbamboogrowstall.并非所有的竹子都会长得很高.二、both的否定式：not…both(或：both…not)"并非两个……都……"例如：Idon'twantboththebooks.我不是两本书都要。Both(the)windowsarenotopen.两扇窗子并不都开着。三、every…的否定式："不是每……都……"例如：Noteverybookiseducative.(或：Everybookisnoteducative.)不是每本书都有教育意义的。Noteveryonelikesthisbook.并非人人都喜欢这本书。Thisflowerisnotseeneverywhere.这花并不是随处可见的。四、always的否定式："并非总是(并非一直)……"例如：Heisnotalwayssosad.他并不是一直都这样悲伤。五、entirely,altogether,completely和quite的否定式："不完全……","并非完全……"例如：Thebusinessmanisnevertobeentirelytrusted.不可以完全信任商人。Hefeltnotaltogethersatisfied.他并不完全满意。Idon'tagreecompletely.我并不完全同意。Whathedidwasnotquiteproper.他做的不十分妥当。六、allthetime的否定式："并非一直……"、"未必老是……"例如：Afoolishmandoesn'tmakeamistakeallthetime.笨人未必老是犯错误。七、not…and…的否定式，被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分.例如：Hedidnotspeakclearlyandcorrectly.他讲得清楚但不正确。Thisfilmisnotinterestingandinstructive.这部电影有趣但无教育意义.Shecannotsinganddance.她会唱歌但不会跳舞.如果将and换成or,not对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了.Hedidnotspeakclearlyorcorrectly.他讲的既不清楚也不正确.注意：如要对上述的all,both,every,always,以及entirely,altogether,completely,quite和allthetime等词作完全否定,那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词,如no,none,neither,noonenever,not(never)…atall等.例如：Allofthemcandoit.---Noneofthemcandoit.Botharegood.---Neitherisgood.Everybodylikesit.---Nobodylikesit.Heisalwayslate.---Heisneverlate.Wedon'ttrustthementirely.---Wenevertrustthematall.Hewashereallthetime.---Hewasneverhere.5.Ihate________whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.it

B.that

C.these

D.when参考答案：A6.Biarniwashopingtojoinhisfather_______waswithEric,buthewasblownoffcourseandfoundhimselfinanunknownland,________heeventuallyreachedGreenland.A.who;fromwhere B.who;fromwhichC.what;fromwhere D.what;fromwhich参考答案：A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Biarni希望加入父亲的行列，这时父亲正和与Eric在一起，但是他被吹离航道并发现自己在一个未知大陆，从那里他最终到达了格林兰岛。第一个空修饰先行词father，且从句中缺主语，故用who引导；第二个空修饰的先行词为地点名词anunknownland，从句中缺地点状语，故用fromwhere引导定语从句，相当于andfromthere。故选A。7.Hiswife________himtostopsmoking,buthedidn’tlisten.

A.advised

B.persuaded

C.suggested

D.forced参考答案：A8.．LastnightIcameacrosstheman____youthinkispleasantto________.A．who;getalong

B．whom;getalong C．who;getalongwith

D．whom;getalongwith参考答案：C24.Someminatoryexpertsaresurethatthearmyofthatnation_________withmoremodernandadvancedweaponsinthenearfuture,especiallythenavy.

A.toequip

B.tobeequipped

C.willequip

D.willbeequipped参考答案：D略10.Anumberofbooksinthelibrary_______beenstolensothenumberofthem_______smallerthanbefore.A.have,is

B.has,isC.has,are

D.have,are参考答案：A试题分析：考查主谓一致。Anumberof许多大量（修饰可数名词复数形式）；谓语动词用复数。Thenumberof指…的数量；谓语动词用单数。句意：图书馆里的很多书都被偷走了，以至于书得数量比以前少了很多。故A正确11.HelikesChinese,____hisbrotherlikesEnglish. A.which

B.what

C.while

D.whether参考答案：C12.I_______havemethimalongtimeago.Bothhisnameandfaceareveryfamiliar.A.may B.canC.would D.should参考答案：Amayhavedonesth表示对过去可能发生的事进行推测，意为“可能曾经”。13.Heisastrictandkindteacher,______mysonlovesandrespects.A.one B.theonewho C.which D.hewho参考答案：A14.Onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,_______about80deathsand1500injuries.A.cause

B.tocause

C.caused

D.causing参考答案：D句意：平均每年美国有800个鱼雷导致80人死亡，1500人受伤。这里使用现在分词短语形式做结果状语，表示一种“自然而然”的结果。15.Iwon’tseethefilmtonight.Iambusy.______,itisrainingcatsanddogs.

A.Beside

B.However

C.Besides

D.Aswellas参考答案：C16.ItrytomakehimunderstandthatI’mnotinterestedinhim,buthenevergetsthe____.A.information

B.messageC.word

D.news参考答案：B【详解】考查名词辨析。A.information信息；B.message消息，启示；C.word消息；D.news新闻。句意：我试图让他明白我对他不感兴趣，但他从来没有领会。getthemessage="understand"whatiswantedormeant。故选B。17.Wearebadlyinneedofwaiters________；couldyoucomeandhelpusout?A．atonce

B．atpresent C．attheend

D．atfirst参考答案：B[句意：当前我们急需服务员，你能来帮我们吗？atonce立刻；atpresent目前；attheend最后；atfirst首先。根据句意，应选B。]二、新的题型18.Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapstheb___11___ofitspopularity.Itisalsoagamet___12___isverycheaptoplay.Youdon’tneede___13___equipment;eventheballdoesn’thavetoc___14___muchmoney.Allovertheworldyoucanseekidsp___15___totheirhearts’contentwithaballmadeofplasticbags;justlikePeledidwhenhewasaboy.参考答案：11.basis

12.that

13.expensive

14.cost

15.playing这是一篇记叙文。因为简单且便宜，足球受到世界各地人们的欢迎，只需要简单的设备就可以尽情地享受踢足球。【11题详解】考查名词。句意：足球是一项如此简单的运动，这也许是它受欢迎的基础。结合句意和首字母意识可推出是名词basis“基础”，作为is的表语，故填basis。【12题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一种非常便宜的游戏。结合句意和首字母意识可推出是关系代词that，先行词game在从句中充当主语，故用关系代词，故填that。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：你不需要昂贵的装备。结合上文的cheap和首字母意识可推出是形容expensive“昂贵的”，作为equipment的定语，故填expensive。【14题详解】考查动词。句意：甚至这个球也不需要花很多钱。结合句意和首字母意识可推出是动词cost“花（钱/时间）”，根据短语havetodosth.“不得不做某事”判断此处用动词原形，故填cost。【15题详解】考查动词。句意：在世界各地，你都能看到孩子们拿着一个塑料袋做的球尽情玩耍。结合句意和首字母意识可推出是动词play“玩耍”，根据短语seesb.doingsth.“看见某人正在做某事”判断此处勇敢play的现在分词形式做宾补，故填playing。三、阅读理解19.Alittlesocialsupportfromyourbestbudsgoesalongway,whetheryou’reahumanorachimpanzee(黑猩猩).AnewstudythatfollowedachimpanzeecommunityintheforestsofUgandahasfoundthatqualitytimewithclosecompanionssignificantlydecreasedstresshormonelevelsintheprimates—whethertheywereresting,groomingorfacingoffagainstrivalgroups.Thefindings,describedthisweekinthejournalNatureCommunications,shedlightonthephysiologicaleffectsofclosecompanionshipinchimpanzees—andcouldhaveimplicationsforhumanhealthtoo.Researchershavelongknownthatstresscanworsenhealthandraisetheriskofearlydeathinhumansaswellasothersocialmammals.“Itcanhaveeffectsonimmunefunction,cardiofunction,fertility,cognition,andevenyourmood,”saidstudycoauthorKevinLangergraber,aprimatologistatArizonaStateUniversity.Maintainingclosesocialbondscanhelptheseanimals(humansincluded)reducesomeofthatstress,potentiallyminimizingsomehealthrisks.Butscientistshaveyettopindowntheexactphysiologicalmechanismsatwork.“Socialbondsmakeyousurviveandproducebetter—buthowdotheydothat?”Langergrabersaid.Tofindout,theinternationalteamofresearchersstudiedmembersoftheSonsochimpanzeecommunityinUganda’sBudongoForest,agroupconsistingof15males,35femalesand28juvenilesandinfantsduringthestudyperiodfromFebruary2008toJuly2010.Likehumans,chimpanzeestendtohavebesties—bondpartnerswithwhomtheyappeartofeelclose.Theresearcherswantedtoseewhetherinteractionswiththesebondpartnersledtolowerstresslevelsduringparticularlystressfulsituations,suchaswhenfightingrivalgroups,orwhethertimespentwithfriendshelpedlowerstresslevelsmoregenerally,throughouttheday.Thescientistsobservedthechimpsperformthreetypesofactivities:resting,groomingorquarrellingwithothergroupsofchimps.Theresearcherskepttrackofwhetherthechimpsweredoinganyofthesethreethingswiththeirbondpartnersorwithotherchimpsintheirgroup.Ateamofuptosixobserverswatchedthechimpsandfolloweddiemaroundtocollecturine(尿液)samples.Thesamples,collectedfromnineadultmaleandeightadultfemalechimps,weretestedtoseehowmuchofthestresshormonecortisol(荷尔蒙皮质醇)theycontained.Thescientistsfoundthatchimpanzees’levelsofurinarycortisolwere23%lower,onaverage,duringtheactivitieswhentheywerewiththeirbondpartner.Thiswasespeciallytrueforstressfulactivities,suchastheintergrouprivalries,whereanychimponthefrontlinemightfacephysicalharmorevendeath.Thefindingsinchimpanzees,someofourclosestlivings,couldshedlightontherolesuchclosesocialrelationshipsplayinhumanhealthtoo,hesaid.Suchfriendshipsmaybejustasimportantduringgoodtimesasbad—thoughmoreresearchneedstobedon