版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
Module4GreatScientists
悦读教材话题
FiveFaithsofNewton—“TheGreatestScientistInHistory”
”人类历史上最伟大的科学家”牛顿的五则信条
PatientlyThink
"IfIhavedonethepublicanyservice,itisduetomypatientthought.”
Wedon,tspendenoughtimepatientlythinking!AlbertEinsteinsaid,”
It'snotthatVmsosmart,it'sjustthatIstaywithproblemslonger."If
youwouldjustblockoutsometimedailyto"think”,youcouldsolvemanyof
yourproblems.YoucouldevensolvesomeoftheworldJsproblems.
耐心思考
”我之所以能够为社会作出什么贡献,这都要归功于耐心的思考。”
我们总是不愿拿出足够的时间耐心思考问题!艾尔伯特•爱因斯坦曾说
过:”我并不是天才,只是我比普通人思考问题的时间更长。”如果你能够每
天抽出一部分时间“思考”,你的很多问题都将得到解决,你甚至可以解决一
些全球性的问题。
LabortobeTactful
"Tactistheartofmakingapointwithoutmakinganenemy."Solomon
said,“Agentleanswerturnsawaywrath,butaharshwordstirsupanger."We
canallpolishuponourtact,ourdiplomacy,ourdiscretion,ourdelicacy,and
ourgracefulness.Solomonwentontosay,"Likeapplesofgoldinsettingsof
3人力*."照友计""值silverisawordspokeninright
视UX趋付*在女力|舌circumstances,"labortobetactfulinall
youdo.
机智处世
“机智是一门艺术,它不仅能使你表达自己
的看法,还不会使你树敌。”所罗门说过:”回
答柔和,使怒消退。言语暴戾,触动怒气。”通过机智圆滑的处世之道,不论是我们的交
际手腕、判断力、韧性,还是行为举止都将更加出色。所罗门还说过:”一句话说得合
宜,就如金苹果在银网子里,”时时处处机智处世。
BuildBridges
uWebuildtoomanywallsandnotenoughbridges.
TonyRobbinssaid,"Thequalityofyourlifeisthequalityofyour
relationships."Thisiswhyyoumustspendyourtimebuildingbridgesinstead
ofwalls.Whenwe"buildbridges"weareliterallybuildingabetterlife.
Whenwebuildwalls,wearestagnatingourowngrowth.JosephF.Newton
said,”Peoplearelonelybecausetheybuildwallsinsteadofbridges.
构建桥梁
"我们心中修葺了太多围墙,却鲜有沟通彼此的桥梁。"
托尼•罗宾斯说过:"人际关系决定一个人的生活质量。"这
就是为什么你要花费时间来构建通往他人心墙内的桥梁,而不是围
墙。当我们构建了桥梁,我们也就创造了更加美好的生活。而当我
们只顾着搭建围墙时,我们自身的发展也就停滞不前了。约瑟
夫•F.•牛顿说:"人们感到孤独,是因为他们在人与人之间筑了
墙,而不是搭了桥。
ChaseafterKnowledge
"IfIhaveseenfurtherthanothers,itisbystandingupontheshoulders
ofgiants."
There'snoneedtorecreatethewheel.Tomakeprogress,allyoumustdo
istobuildonwhatothershavealreadydone.Commencebylearningwhatothers
know.Whenyouchaseafterknowledge,youstrategicallypositionyourselfon
theshouldersofgiants;youarethenabletoseewhatotherscan,tsee.
追逐知识
"如果说我比别人看得更远,那是因为我站在巨人的肩膀上。”
没必要自垒阵营,你只用在前人已有的基础上不断进步就行。你可以从前人已知的开
始入手,当你汲取知识的时候,你是有战略性地站在巨人的肩膀上,这样你能掌握他人不
了解的知识。
PursueTruth
Amanmayimaginethingsthatarefalse,buthecanonlyunderstand
thingsthataretrue,forifthethingsbefalse,theapprehensionofthemis
notunderstanding.
Wemustpursue"truth!"Therersananonymousquotethatgoes,“The
truthisheavy,thereforefewcaretocarryit."Beoneofthosefewwho
pursuetruthbothdayandnight.BlaisePascalsaid,"Onceyoursoulhasbeen
enlargedbytruth,itcanneverreturntoitsoriginalsize.
追求真理
"人类可能会猜测一些事情是错误的,但他只能够明白这些
事是真实存在的,却不明白它错在哪儿,这便是人们对真理的不
理解。"
我们必须追求真理!有这样一句谚语:"真理沉重,因此少
有人承载它。"做一个每天都在追逐真理的人,布莱士•帕斯卡
(注:法国数学家)说:"一旦你的灵魂被真理延伸,它绝不会
再回到最初的形态。"
悦背单元词汇
I.核心单词
l._n.人物
2.vt.出版
3.vt.支持
4.vt.取代;以……代替
5.vi.逃跑;逃避
6.adj.直的
7.n.生产者一_______________vt.生产一________n.生产
8.adj.主要的fvt.领导f_______________n.领导者
9._vt.教育一_n.教育一_n.教育者
10.______n.农业f_________adj.农业的
11.adj.原来的;最初的一n.起源
12.vt.出口_vt.进口
13.n.数量_n.质量
14.adj.简短的;简洁的一adv.简短地,简洁地
15.vi.毕业n.毕业生一n.毕业
16.n.爆炸;爆炸声一vi.爆炸
H.重点短语
1.培养;养育
2.由于……的结果
3.因……而出名
4.谋生
5.掌权
6.bringin______________
7.thekeytodoingsth
8.experimentwith
9.convert...to...
10.attach...to..
参杏答案
I.核心单词
1.figure2.publish3.support4.replace
5.escape
6.straight7.producer;produce;production8.leading;lead;leader
9.educate;education;educator10.agriculture;agricultural
11.original;origin
12.export;import13.quantity;quality
14.brief;briefly
15.graduate;graduation16.explosion;explode
II.重点短语
1.bringup2.asaresultof3.beknownfor4.earn
one*sliving5.cometopower
6.引进;带来7.做某事的关键8.对……进行实验9.把……转化
10.把……系到……上
1.supportvt.支持;支撑;资助;供养n.支持;支撑物;帮助
Fromdawntodusk,heworkscountlesshourstosupportourfamily.从早到晚,为
了养活我们一家人,他工作的时间不计其数。
I归纳拓展I
supportsbin(doing)sth在某一方面支持某人
givesupportto支持,支援
cometoonessupport支持某人
insupportof
2.quantityn.数量;大量
It'salotcheaperifyoubuyitinquantity.如果你大量购买要便宜得多。
I归纳拓展I
alargequantityof大量的
largequantitiesof大量的;许多的
inquantity大量地
【名师点睛】
aquantityof/quantitiesof既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。aquantityof
+n.作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于名词,quantitiesof+n.作主语时,谓语动词
用复数。
3.escapevi.逃跑,逃离;逃脱vt.避开;避免;被遗忘,被忽视n.逃离;逃脱
Hisheartbeatwildly,andwithoutthinkinghestartedtorunandluckily
escapedthecat4spaws(爪子).他(老鼠)的心怦怦乱跳,赶紧逃窜,幸运地躲过了那只
猫的抓捕。
I归纳拓展I
(1)escapefrom逃跑;逃脱;从……逃走
escapedoingsth逃避、避开做某事
escapedeath/punishment死里逃生/逃脱惩罚
(2)makeanarrowescape九死一生,幸免于难
makeone'sescape逃跑
4.beknownfor因..而出名/闻名
Shangrilaisknownforitsquietnaturalscenery.香格里拉以其恬静的自然风光闻
名。
I归纳拓展I
beknownas作为....而出名
beknownto为...熟知
beknownby凭...而知
5.cometo/intopower掌权;执政
Thepartycametopoweratthelastelection.这个政党是在上次大选中当选执政的。
I归纳拓展I
inpower当权,执政
takepower掌权
havepowerover控制,支配
in/withinone'spower在某人的权力/力量之内
beyondone'spower不能胜任;力所不能及
beinpowertodosth某人有权(有能力)做某事
核心句型剖析
1.Thetubeswereattachedtoalongstickwhichhelpedkeeptherocketmoving
inastraightdirection.管子都被绑到一根长木棍上,这有助于火箭径直向前飞。
句中含有“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,意为”使……继续处于某种状态”,这里
keep为使役动词。
"keep+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,宾语补足语可以是介词短语、名词、形容词、分词
等,但高考主要考查分词,其用法如下:
⑴keep+宾语+过去分词,过去分词和宾语构成被动关系。
⑵keep+宾语+现在分词,现在分词和宾语构成主动关系。
2.Orwashecarriedmilesintospace,becomingtheworld,sfirstastronaut?
还是他被带到了数英里之外的太空,成了世界上第一位宇航员?
现在分词充当结果状语
3.Hethoughttherewasonlyonewaytodothis-bycrossingdifferentspecies
ofriceplant,andthenhecouldproduceanewplantwhichcouldgiveahigher
yieldthaneitheroftheoriginalplants•他认为,唯一的办法就是使不同种类的水
稻杂交,这样才能培育出产量比原先任何一种水稻产量都要高的新品种。
awaytodosth/ofdoingsth做....的方法/方式
高考试题一
体裁题材词数难度建议时间
说明文孩子玩耍与科学研究447★★★☆☆8,
(2016•浙江卷阅读理解C篇)Ascientistworkingatherlabbenchandasix
month-oldbabyplayingwithhisfoodmightseemtohavelittleincommon.After
all,thescientistisengagedinseriousresearchtouncovertheverynatureof
thephysicalworld,andthebabyis,well,justplaying…right?Perhaps,but
somedevelopmentalpsychologists(心理学家)havearguedthatthis"play”is
morelikeascientificinvestigationthanonemightthink.
Takeacloserlookatthebabyplayingatthetable.Eachtimethebowlof
riceispushedoverthetableedge,itfallstotheground一and,inthe
process,itbringsoutimportantevidenceabouthowphysicalobjectsinteract
(相互作用):bowlsofricedonotfloatinmid-air,butrequiresupportto
remainstable.Itislikelythatbabiesarenotbornknowingthisbasicfactof
theuniverse;noraretheyeverclearlytaughtit.Instead,babiesmayforman
understandingofobjectsupportthroughrepeatedexperimentsandthenbuildon
thisknowledgetolearnevenmoreabouthowobjectsinteract.Thoughtheir
rangesandtoolsdiffer,thebaby'sinvestigationandthescientistJs
experimentappeartosharethesameaim(tolearnaboutthenaturalworld),
overallapproach(gatheringdirectevidencefromtheworld),andlogic(aremy
observationswhatIexpected?).
Somepsychologistssuggestthatyoungchildrenlearnaboutmorethanjust
thephysicalworldinthisway一thattheyinvestigatehumanpsychologyandthe
rulesoflanguageusingsimilarmeans.Forexample,itmayonlybethrough
repeatedexperiments,evidencegathering,andfinallyoverturningatheory,
thatababywillcometoaccepttheideathatotherpeoplecanhavedifferent
viewsanddesiresfromwhatheorshehas,forexample,unlikethechild,Mommy
actuallydoesn,tlikeDovechocolate.
Viewingchildhooddevelopmentasascientificinvestigationthrowslight
onhowchildrenlearn,butitalsooffersaninspiringlookatscienceand
scientists.Whydoyoungchildrenandscientistsseemtobesomuchalike?
Psychologistshavesuggestedthatscienceasaneffort-thedesiretoexplore,
explain,andunderstandourworld-issimplysomethingthatcomesfromour
babyhood.Perhapsevolution(进化)providedhumanbabieswithcuriosityanda
naturaldrivetoexplaintheirworlds,andadultscientistssimplymakeuseof
thesamedrivethatservedthemaschildren.Thesamecognitive(认知的)
systemsthatmakeyoungchildrenfeelgoodaboutfiguringsomethingoutmay
havebeenadoptedbyadultscientists.Assomepsychologistsputit,"Itis
notthatchildrenarelittlescientistsbutthatscientistsarebigchildren."
50.Accordingtosomedevelopmentalpsychologists,.
A.ababy'splayisnothingmorethanagame
B.scientificresearchintobabies,gamesispossible
C.thenatureofbabies'playhasbeenthoroughlyinvestigated
D.ababy'splayissomehowsimilartoascientist'sexperiment
51.WelearnfromParagraph2that.
A.scientistsandbabiesseemtoobservetheworlddifferently
B.scientistsandbabiesofteninteractwitheachother
C.babiesarebornwiththeknowledgeofobjectsupport
D.babiesseemtocollectevidencejustasscientistsdo
52.Childrenmaylearntherulesoflanguageby.
A.exploringthephysicalworldB.investigating
humanpsychology
C.repeatingtheirownexperimentsD.observing
theirparents'behaviors
53.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?
A.Theworldmaybemoreclearlyexplainedthroughchildren,splay.
B.Studyingbabies,playmayleadtoabetterunderstandingofscience.
C.Childrenmayhavegreaterabilitytofigureoutthingsthanscientists.
D.One,sdriveforscientificresearchmaybecomestrongerashegrows.
54.Whatistheauthor?stonewhenhediscussestheconnectionbetween
scientists'researchandbabies'play?
A.Convincing.B.Confused.C.Confident.
D.Cautious.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了孩子的玩耍和科学家的研究有共同
之处。
50.D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的butsomedevelopmental
psychologists(心理学家)havearguedthatthis"play"ismorelikea
scientificinvestigationthanonemightthink可知,心理学家觉得孩子的
玩耍和科学家的研究有些相似,故选D。
51.D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的overallapproach(gathering
directevidencefromtheworld)可知孩子也会像科学家一样收集证据,故选
Do
52.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的"Forexample,itmayonlybe
throughrepeatedexperiments,evidencegathering,andfinally
overturningatheoryu可知,孩子可以通过重复自己的实验来学习语言的规
律,故选C。
53.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的HViewingchildhooddevelopmentasa
scientificinvestigationthrowslightonhowchildrenlearn,butitalso
offersaninspiringlookatscienceandscientists.”可知,研究孩子可以
让人们更好地了解科学,故选B。
54.D【解析】推理判断题。根据作者在文中的用词appearto、用may来弱化绝对性
的表达及通过引用其他人的观点Somepsychologistsuggestthat可知,作者的
语气是谨慎的。故选D。
【名师点睛】
阅读理解有时理解文章中的长难句是关键,理解不了这些句子就很难理解文章的大
意。下面我们分析一下这篇文章中的长句。
Forexample,itmayonlybethroughrepeatedexperiments,evidencegathering,
andfinallyoverturningatheory,thatababywillcometoaccepttheidea
thatotherpeoplecanhavedifferentviewsanddesiresfromwhatheorshehas,
forexample,unlikethechild,Mommyactuallydoesn'tlikeDovechocolate.例
如,可能只是通过反复实验,收集证据,并最终推翻一个理论,一个婴儿就会接受其他人
可以和他/她持有不同的意见和愿望这一观点。例如,和孩子不同,妈妈实际上并不喜欢
德芙巧克力。
这句话使用了强调句,强调的是throughrepeatedexperiments,evidence
gathering,andfinallyoverturningatheory,这部分比较长,考生可能没有注意到这
个句式。主干部分中idea后面是that引导的同位语从句,that在从句中不作成分;from
后面的whatheorshehas是宾语从句,what在从句中作has的宾语。
高考试题二
体裁题材词数难度建议时间
议论文不为人知的科学家358★★★☆☆T
(2011•江苏卷阅读理解A篇)Weknowthefamousones一theThomasEdisonsand
theAlexanderGrahamBells—butwhataboutthelessfamousinventors?What
aboutthepeoplewhoinventedthetrafficlightandthewindshieldwiper(雨舌ij
器)?Shouldn,tweknowwhotheyare?
JoanMcLeanthinksso.Infact,McLean,aprofessorofphysicsatMountain
UniversityinRange,feelssostronglyaboutthismatterthatshe,sdeveloped
acourseonthetopic.Inadditiontolearning"who"invented"what",
however,McLeanalsolikesherstudentstolearntheanswerstothe"why"
and"how"questions.AccordingtoMcLean,“Whenstudentslearntheanswers
tothesequestions,theyarebetterpreparedtorecognizeopportunitiesfor
inventingandmoremotivatedtogiveinventingatry."
Herstudentsagree.Oneyoungmanwithapatentforanunbreakableumbrella
iswalkingproofofMcLean'sstatement.”IfIhadnotheardthestoryofthe
windshieldwiper'sinvention,"saidTommyLee,aseniorphysicsmajor,"I
neverwouldhavedreamedofturningmybadexperienceduringarainstorminto
somethingsoconstructive."Leeiscurrentlynegotiatingtosellhispatentto
anumbrellaproducer.
So,justwhatisthestorybehindthewindshieldwiper?Well,MaryAnderson
cameupwiththeideain1902afteravisittoNewYorkCity.Thedaywascold
andstormy,butAndersonstillwantedtoseethesights,soshejumpedaboarda
streetcar.Noticingthatthedriverwasstrugglingtoseethroughthesnow
coveringthewindshield,shefoundherselfwonderingwhytherecouldn'tbea
built-indeviceforcleaningthewindow.Stillwonderingaboutthiswhenshe
returnedhometoBirmingham,Alabama,Andersonstarteddraftingoutsolutions.
Oneofherideas,alever(操作杆)ontheinsideofavehiclethatwould
controlanarmontheoutside,becamethefirstwindshieldwiper.
Todaywebenefitfromcountlessinventionsandinnovations.It'shardto
imaginedrivingwithoutGarrettA.Morgan?strafficlight.It'sequally
impossibletopictureaworldwithoutKatherineJ.BlodgettJsinnovationthat
makesglassinvisible.Canyoupicturelifewithoutclearwindowsand
eyeglasses?
56.Bymentioning'*trafficlight"and"windshieldwiper”,theauthor
indicatesthatcountlessinventionsare.
A.beneficial,becausetheirinventorsarefamous
B.beneficial,thoughtheirinventorsarelessfamous
C.notuseful,becausetheirinventorsarelessfamous
D.notuseful,thoughtheirinventorsarefamous
57.ProfessorJoanMcLean'scourseaimsto.
A.addcolourandvarietytostudents'campuslife
B.informstudentsofthewindshieldwiper,sinvention
C.carryouttherequirementsbyMountainUniversity
I),preparestudentstotrytheirowninventions
58.TommyLee'sinventionoftheunbreakableumbrellawas.
A.noteventuallyacceptedbytheumbrellaproducer
B.inspiredbythestorybehindthewindshieldwiper
C.duetohisdreamofbeingcaughtinarainstorm
D.notrelatedtoProfessorJoanMcLean,slectures
59.Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthispassage?
A.HowtoHelpStudentstoSellTheirInventionstoProducers?
B.HowtoDesignaBuilt-inDeviceforCleaningtheWindow?
C.Shouldn,tWeKnowWhoInventedtheWindshieldWiper?
D.Shouldn,tWeDevelopInventionCoursesinUniversities?
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了我们不仅要记住像交通灯和雨刮器这样的发明,也要记
住发明这些东西的科学家或个人。
56.B【解析】推理判断题。根据文中所举的事例和最后一段可知,作者提到像交通灯
和雨刮器这样的发明是想告诉我们,这些发明的发明者虽然不是很有名,但是这
些发明对我们的生活是非常有益的,因此选择B项。
57.D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的最后一句"Whenstudentslearnthe
answerstothesequestions,theyarebetterpreparedtorecognize
opportunitiesforinventingandmoremotivatedtogiveinventinga
try."可知,ProfessorJoanMcLean的课程的目的是帮助学生去自己发明、创
造,因此D项正确。
58.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知TommyLee发明unbreakable
umbrella是受到了发明雨刮器背后的故事的激励,因此选择B项。
59.C【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知本文不是关于如何帮助学生销售他们的发明
的,也不是关于如何设计一种装置来清洁窗户的,在大学
里开设有关发明的课程只是用来说明我们应如何对待生活
中的小发明:我们应把握发明的契机、去创造。故C项最
适合作为文章的标题。
【试题分析】
本文讲述的是与发明有关的文章,我们不仅要记住像交通
灯和雨刮器这样的发明,也要记住发明这些东西的科学家
或个人,不管他们是不是著名。从题目设置来说,标题归
纳题、细节理解题、推理判断题在本试题中都有出现,词
义猜测题、观点态度题、写作目的题并未在此试题中有所体现。
高考试题三
体裁题材词数难度建议时间
人物传记居里夫人的女儿艾琳•居里269★★☆☆☆6,
(2011•陕西卷阅读理解B篇)MostpeopleknowthatMarieCurie
wasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirst
persontowinittwice.However,fewpeopleknowthatshewas
alsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.
BorninSeptember,1897,IreneCuriewasthefirstofthe
Curies,twodaughters.Alongwithniceotherchildrenwhose
parentswerealsofamousscholars,Irenestudiedintheirown
school,andhermotherwasoneoftheteachers.Shefinished
herhighschooleducationattheCollegeofSevigneinParis.
IreneenteredtheUniversityofParisin1914toprepare
foradegreeinmathematicsandphysics.WhenWorldWarIbegan,Irenewentto
helphermother,whowasusingX-rayfacilities(设备)tohelpsavethelives
ofwoundedsoldiers.IrenecontinuedtheworkbydevelopingX-rayfacilitiesin
militaryhospitalsinFranceandBelgium.Ilerserviceswererecognisedinthe
formofaMilitaryMedalbytheFrenchgovernment.
In1918,Irenebecamehermother'sassistantattheCurieInstitute.In
December1924,FredericJoliotjoinedtheInstitute,andIrenetaughthimthe
techniquesrequiredforhiswork.Theysoonfellinloveandweremarriedin
1926.TheirdaughterHelenewasbornin1927andtheirsonPierrefiveyears
later.
Likehermother,Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.Likehermother,Irene
wasawardedaNobelPrize,alongwithherhusband,in1935.Unfortunately,also
likehermother,shedevelopedleukemiabecauseofherworkwithradioactivity
(辐射能).IreneJoliot-CuriediedfromleukemiaonMarch17,1956.
49.WhywasIreneCurieawardedaMilitaryMedal?
A.Becauseshereceivedadegreeinmathematics.
B.Becauseshecontributedtosavingthewounded.
C.BecauseshewontheNobelPrizewithFrederic.
D.Becausesheworkedasahelpertohermother.
50.WheredidIreneCuriemeetherhusbandFredericJoliot?
A.AttheCurieInstitute.B.Atthe
UniversityofParis.
C.Atamilitaryhospital.D.Atthe
CollegeofS6vign6.
51.WhenwasthesecondchildofIreneCurieandFredericJoliotborn?
A.In1932.B.In1927.C.In1897.
D.In1926.
52.InwhichofthefollowingaspectswasIreneCuriedifferentfromhermother?
A.Ireneworkedwithradioactivity.
B.Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.
C.IrenewontheNobelPrizeonce.
D.Irenediedfromleukemia.
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了居里夫人的女儿艾琳•居里的故事。
49.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段后三句可知,居里夫人的女儿艾琳•居里之所以
获得军人奖章是因为她在救治伤员方面作出了很多贡献。
50.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段前三句可知,艾琳•居里是在居里研究所遇到后
来成为她丈夫的弗雷德里克•约里奥。
51.A【解析】推理计算题。根据第四段最后一句可知,他们的第一个孩子出生于1927
年,第二个孩子是五年后出生的,也就是1932年出生的。
52.C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知,艾琳•居里与自己的母亲有很多相
似之处,唯一不同的就是,她只获得一次诺贝尔奖,而母亲获得过两次。
【试题分析】
2011年陕西卷英语试题阅读部分难度比较适中。本篇材料属于人物传记,对于这类材料大
家并不陌生。做题时,要注意把握人物的主要成就、主要事迹。
悦额典型模拟
I.阅读理解
JohnSnowwasanEnglishphysicianandaleaderintheadoptionof
anesthesia(麻醉的)andmedicalhygiene(医疗卫生).Heisconsideredoneofthe
fathersofmodernepidemiology(流行病学),inpartbecauseofhisworkin
tracingthesourceofacholeraoutbreakinLondon,in1854.Hisfindings
inspiredfundamentalchangesinthewaterandwastesystemsofLondon,which
ledtosimilarchangesinothercities,andasignificantimprovementin
generalpublichealtharoundtheworld.
SnowwasbornMarch15,1813inYork,England.Hewasthefirstofnine
childrenborntoWilliamandFrancesSnowintheirNorthStreethome.His
neighbourhoodwasoneofthepoorestinthecityandwasalwaysindangerof
floodingbecauseofitsnearnesstotheRiverOuse.Hisfatherwasalabourer
whomayhaveworkedatalocalcoalyard,butlaterwasafarmerinasmall
villagetothenorthofYork.SnowwasbaptizedatAllSaints,Church,North
Street,York.
In1837SnowbeganworkingattheWestminsterHospital.Admittedasa
memberoftheRoyalCollegeofSurgeonsofEnglandonMay2,1838,hegraduated
fromtheUniversityofLondoninDecember1844andwasadmittedtotheRoyal
CollegeofPhysiciansin1850.In1850hewasalsooneofthefoundingmembers
oftheEpidemiologicalSocietyofLondon,formedinresponsetothecholera
outbreakof1849.
In1830SnowbecameamemberoftheTemperanceMovement,andlivedfora
decadeorsoasavegetarianandteetotaler.Inthemid-1840shishealth
decreased,andhereturnedtomeat-eatinganddrinkingwine.Hecontinued
drinkingpurewater(viaboiling)throughouthisadultlife.Henevermarried.
SnowsufferedastrokewhileworkinginhisLondonofficeonJune10,1858.
Hewas45yearsoldatthetime.Heneverrecovered,dyingonJune16,1858.He
wasburiedinBromptonCemetery.
1.JohnSnowisrecognizedasapioneerofstudyinginfectivediseasespartly
because.
A.hecontributedalottothemedicalhygiene
B.heworkedtofindacholeraoutbreakinLondon
C.hediscoveredthecauseofanepidemic
D.hechangedthewaterandwastesystemofLondon
2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedaboutJohn
Snow?
A.Education.B.Childhood.C.Background.
D.Achievement.
3.Theunderlinedword"teetotaler”(Para.4)suggestsJohnSnowprobably
forabouttenyears.
A.drankteaa
lot
B.cutoutallalcohol
C.wasoff
meat
D.wasfondofpurewater
II.完形填空
AlbertEinsteinwasaGerman-borntheoreticalphysicist.It'suniversally
knownthathewasthe1oftheNobelPrizeinPhysics.Heisbestknownfor
his2ofrelativity,whichholdsthatmeasurements
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
评论
0/150
提交评论